50分阅读理解提分练(六)

50分阅读理解提分练(六)阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2025·山东省普通高等学校招生押题卷)BorrowBooksfromtheLibraryPleasefollowtheprocedurebelowforborrowing：Step1:ChecktheavailabilityofanyitemyouwanttoborrowfirstatLibraryCatalogueSystem.Step2:Itemscanbecheckedouteitheratself-borrowingandreturningmachinesusingyourusernameandpassword,orattheLibraryCirculationDeskonthe3rdfloororonthe1stfloorwithyourIDCard.Step3:Checktheitemsforanydamagesonthespotwhenyouborrowbooksfromthelibrary.Makeastatementtothestaffifyoufindanybookdefacedordamaged,andasktostampthelibrary'sseal(印章)beforeyoucheckitout.Otherwise,thelastborrowerwillbefinedforthedamage.PleaseNOTE：Youareresponsibleforknowingwhenyourbooksaredueforreturn.Youcancheckyourborrowingrecordthrough“MyLibraryRecord”inLibraryCatalogue(OPAC).Asyouareresponsibleforallbooksissuedonyouraccount,youshouldnotlendyourbookstootherpeople.Ifallthecopiesofthebookareonloanandyoustillwishtoborrowit,pleaseusethe“Reservation”functiontorequesttheitem.Iftheitemyouneedisfrom“RestrictedResources”，thenyoucanusethe“Inter-BranchDelivery”functiontorequesttheitem.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章详细介绍了图书馆借书流程、注意事项及相关功能使用方法。1．Whatshouldyoudofirstbeforeborrowingabook？(

)A．Usetheself-borrowingmachine.B．Checkifthebookisavailableonline.C．GototheLibraryCirculationDesk.D．Contactstafffordamagedbooks.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据文中Step1部分中的“ChecktheavailabilityofanyitemyouwanttoborrowfirstatLibraryCatalogueSystem.”可知，借书前需先在线查询书籍是否可用。故选B。2．Whatmustborrowersdoimmediatelywhenborrowingabook？(

)A．Returnitbeforetheduedate.B．Reportanydamagetothestaff.C．Reserveitthrough“MyLibraryRecord”．D．Shareitwithotherreaders.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据文中Step3部分中的“Checktheitemsforanydamageonthespotwhenyouborrowbooksfromthelibrary.Makeastatementtothestaffifyoufindanybookdefacedordamaged,andasktostampthelibrary'sseal(印章)beforeyoucheckitout.Otherwise,thelastborrowerwillbefinedforthedamage.”可知，借书时必须立即向工作人员报告书籍损坏情况。故选B。3．Howcanyouborrowabookifallcopiesarealreadylentout？(

)A．Usethe“Inter-BranchDelivery”function.B．Visitthe1st-floordeskwithyourIDcard.C．Requestitviathe“Reservation”function.D．ChecktheRestrictedResourcessection.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据PleaseNOTE部分第二段“Ifallthecopiesofthebookareonloanandyoustillwishtoborrowit,pleaseusethe‘Reservation’functiontorequesttheitem.”可知，当一本书全部被借出时需通过“预约”功能申请。故选C。B(2025·河北省部分学校联考)AugustLamm,awriter,artistandformerartinfluencer,hasn'townedasmartphonesince2022.Herjourneytogiveupthesmartphonebeganshortlyaftergraduatingfromcollege,whenshestartedpostingpicturesofherartonlineandgothundredsofthousandsoffollowers.“EverythingthatIsharedonline—aboutmylovelifeormyvacationsormyhouse—allthesepicturesandwordswerefeedingintomybusinesssotheywouldresultinsales，”Lammsaid.Ultimately,shesaid,thepressuretokeepthatupbecametoomuch,andshereachedabreakingpoint.Atfirst,Lammtriedtoputherphoneinadraweranddidn'tlookatitforawholeday,whichshesaid“wasveryinconvenientforeveryoneinmylife”.Ittookheraboutayeartosellhersmartphoneandfullycommittothedumbphonelifestyle.Herdumbphoneoffersonlybasiccallingandtexting.Still,therearecertainthingsthatmayfeelimpossibletonavigatewithoutsmartphones,sincetheyaremorethanjusttextingandscrolling(滚动)throughsocialmedia．In2025,thesedevicesfunctionasvirtualwallets,healthtrackers,identificationtools,andevenpersonalassistants.However,Lammhasfoundsolutionsforthechallenges.“Youfigureoutthesesolutionsbyasking，”Lammsaid,“likeaskingtheparkingcompanyiftheycangiveyouanotheroptionwhenyoucan'tuseaparkingmeter(计时器),andalotofthetimetheywill.”Whenitcomestohercareer,Lammsayssheearnsmoremoneynowthansheeverdidasaninfluenceronline.That'sbecausenowsheonlydoestheactualwork,ratherthanspendinghoursandhourscraftingposts.“WhenIstoppedpostingIsoughtoutincomesourcesthatexistedbeforesocialmedia:agencies,magazines,galleries,publishers，”shesaid.“IfIhadn'tspentthousandsofhourstryingtobuildafollowing,Icouldhavespentthattimegoingtogalleries,takingclasses,meetingpeople,makingconnections,organizingevents,submittingtoexhibitionsandotherwisemakinganameformyselfintherealworld.IcouldhaveimprovedmorequicklyifIhadnotprioritizedonlinevisibilityovercreativedevelopment.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了AugustLamm是一位作家、艺术家和前艺术影响者，自2022年以来不再使用智能手机。Lamm找到了解决的办法，并且认识到了不依赖智能手机所带来的诸多好处。4．WhatmadeAugustLammdecidetogiveupthesmartphone？(

)A．Heraddictiontothesmartphone.B．Thestressfromsocialnetworking.C．Herpressurefromthebusycollegelife.D．Thesenseofdutytohelpherfollowers.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ultimately,shesaid,thepressuretokeepthatupbecametoomuch,andshereachedabreakingpoint.”可知，是社交网络带来的压力让AugustLamm决定放弃使用智能手机。故选B。5．Whydoestheauthormentionthecircumstancesin2025inParagraph3？(

)A．Tostressthediversityofsolutionstophoneaddiction.B．Toillustratepeoplecanlivewellwithoutsmartphones.C．Tostatethecloseconnectionbetweenmananddevices.D.Togivethefactthatpeopleareofteninterruptedbyphones.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“In2025,thesedevicesfunctionasvirtualwallets,healthtrackers,identificationtools,andevenpersonalassistants.However,Lammhasfoundsolutionsforthechallenges.”可知，如果没有智能手机，有些事情可能会让人觉得无法驾驭，因为它们不仅仅是发短信和浏览社交媒体。所以作者在下文提到2025年的情况是为了说明人与智能设备之间的联系非常密切。故选C。6．WhatmessagedoesAugustLammwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph？(

)A．Onecanbelessreliantonsocialmedia．B．Usesmartphonesonlywhennecessary.C．Socialmediadomoreharmthangood.D．Dumbphonesaremakingacomeback.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘IfIhadn'tspentthousandsofhourstryingtobuildafollowing,...IcouldhaveimprovedmorequicklyifIhadnotprioritizedonlinevisibilityovercreativedevelopment.’”可推知，AugustLamm在最后一段想传达的信息是人们可以减少对社交媒体的依赖。故选A。7．HowcanwebestdescribeAugustLammaccordingtothetext？(

)A．Responsibleandstrict.B．Determinedandadaptable.C．Generousandcharitable.D．Fashionableandknowledgeable.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Ittookheraboutayeartosellhersmartphoneandfullycommittothedumbphonelifestyle.”以及第三段中“However,Lammhasfoundsolutionsforthechallenges.”可知，AugustLamm决心放弃智能手机，并且能够适应没有智能手机的生活，找到应对挑战的方法，说明她是一个有决心且适应能力强的人。故选B。C(2025·辽宁协作校高三一模)Haveyoueverinterruptedanimportantoccasiontosendatext?Doesthemerethoughtofbeingcutofffromalltechnologymakeyoupanic?Isyouridealsix-monthbreakanextendedperiodplayingavideogameinawindowlessbedroom?Ifso,visitCapioNightingaleHospital,atechnology-addictioncentre.“Ifteenagersspendalotoftimeontheirown,theyruntheriskofbeingdevelopmentallyoutofstepwithothersoftheiragegroup，”saysCapioNightingale'sseniorspecialistDrRichardGraham.“It'saveryyoungfieldofresearch,butthere'ssomeevidencetosuggestthatteenagerswhospendtoomuchtimeonFacebookmissoutonkeydevelopmentalsteps.Theycouldfeelimmature.Extremecasescanendupputtingpeople'seducationandemploymentatrisk.Thentherearethephysicalaspects.Theycanhaveapoordiet,loseweight，ornottakecareofthemselvesproperly.”Teenagers,necessarily,areahigh-riskgroup,asarethosewhohavehadaseparationorwhohavebeenlaidoff.Butnooneisfreefromitsimpact.TechnologyexpertstellthestoryoftheyoungTexanboywhodevelopedrepetitivestraindisorderfromtexting,orthecouplewhowerebuildinga“virtualbaby”ontheInternetbutforgottolookaftertheirreal-lifechild.Scientistsbelievethathandlingphonecalls,emailsandotherincomingmessagesallatthesametimecanchangehowwethinkorbehave.“Atthemomentresearchersaretryingtostudytheeffectsofhighuseoftechnologyduringtheearlypartsofpeople'slives，”continuesGraham.“Therearesomekeypointswhenpermanentconnectionsaremadeinsidethebrain.Forexample,ifyouhaveaminoreyesightproblemanditisnotremediedinthefirstfiveyearsofyourlife,partoftheareaofyourbrainresponsibleforprocessingvisualinformationswitchesoff.It'sa‘useitorloseit’principleanditmightberelevanttoteenagetechnologyaddiction.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了科技成瘾对青少年的身心影响及其潜在危害，并引用专家观点和案例说明这一问题的严重性。8．WhatdoesGrahamthinkoftechnologyaddiction？(

)A．Ithaslongbeenstudiedbyresearchers.B．Itmayresultinteenagers'extremeviews.C．Itaffectsteenagersmentallyandphysically.D．Itslowsthephysicaldevelopmentofteenagers.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，科技成瘾影响青少年的精神和身体。故选C。9．WhydoestheauthormentiontheTexanboyandthecoupleinParagraph3？(

)A．Toclarifyastatement.B．Toexplainarule.C．Tointroduceanewtopic.D．Tomakeaprediction.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可推知，文章提到得克萨斯男孩因发信息患上紧张性障碍，以及夫妇沉迷虚拟婴儿而忽视现实孩子，是为了例证前文观点“nooneisfreefromitsimpact(无人能免受科技影响)”。故选A。10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“remedied”inthelastparagraphmean？(

)A．Ignored.

B．Detected.C．Worsened.D．Treated.答案：D解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“ifyouhaveaminoreyesightproblemanditisnotremediedinthefirstfiveyearsofyourlife,partoftheareaofyourbrainresponsibleforprocessingvisualinformationswitchesoff”可知，如果有轻微的视力问题，且在生命的前五年没有得到“治疗”，大脑中负责处理视觉信息的部分区域就会关闭，所以“remedied”意为“治疗”。故选D。解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“ifyouhaveaminoreyesightproblemanditisnotremediedinthefirstfiveyearsofyourlife,partoftheareaofyourbrainresponsibleforprocessingvisualinformationswitchesoff”可知，如果有轻微的视力问题，且在生命的前五年没有得到“治疗”，大脑中负责处理视觉信息的部分区域就会关闭，所以“remedied”意为“治疗”。故选D。11．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？(

)A．Technology:anewburdenforpeopleB．Theriseoftechnology-addictioncentersC．Technologyaddiction:aproblemworthnoticingD．Howtoovercomenegativeeffectsoftechnology答案：C解析：标题归纳题。通读全文尤其第二段可知，文章主要探讨了科技成瘾对青少年的身心影响及其潜在危害，并引用专家观点和案例说明这一问题的严重性。由此可知，“科技成瘾：一个值得注意的问题”最适合作本文标题。故选C。D(2025·浙江金华十校模拟)Neighboringgroupsofbirdswithinthesamespeciescancreateverydifferent-lookingnests—showingthattheirnest-buildingchoicesaren'tonlycontrolledbyinstinct(本能)andtheenvironment.Instead,thesebirdsseemtolearnrulesfornest-makingthatgetpasseddownwithinafamilygroupfromgenerationtogeneration.That'stheconclusionofresearcherswhostudiednearly450grassystructuresbuiltovertwoyearsbywhite-browedsparrowweaverslivingintheKalahariDesertinSouthAfrica．Thesesmall,brown-and-whitebirdsliveingroups,anditturnsoutthatgroupsofbirdsthatlivedquiteneartoeachotherbuiltdistinctivearchitecturalforms.Thebiggestdifferencewasin“howshortorlongthestructuresare”，saysstudyleadauthorMariaC.Tello-Ramos,acognitiveecologistattheUniversityofHullinEngland.Furthermore,eachgroupmaintainedthesamearchitecturalstyleovertime—andwhenoutsidersjoined,theyadaptedtothisstyle.Toexaminewhatmightaccountfortheobserveddifferences,theteamcarefullyanalyzedfactorsthatcandetermineanest'ssizeandshapeforagivenbirdspecies:weatherconditions,treeheight,individuals'bodysizeandgenetic(基因的)relatedness.YetnoneofthesefactorsseemedtoplayarelevantroleinshapinghowtheKalaharisparrowsbuilttheirnests,theresearchersreportinScience.“Thenwesay,‘Okay,sowhatisleft？’”Tello-Ramosexplains.Sheandhercolleaguesproposedthatculturaltransmission(传输)mightbekeytonestbuilding.“Inourpaper,wehaven'tgottenthereyetwithexperiments,butwehaveverygoodcluesthatthatmightbeit，”shesays.“Theseareimportantquestionsthatareunderstudied，”saysChristinaRiehl,anevolutionarybiologist.She'snotconvincedthestudy'sdataareenoughtofullyruleoutgeneticinfluence.“Theycan'tactuallylookattheeffectof,say,geneticdifferences,becausetheydon'thavereallygoodgeneticinformationonalltheindividualsinthesegroups，”shesays.“Ithinkthere'salotlefttobedone,andIthinkthispaperwillinspirefutureresearchinareallygoodway.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对南非卡拉哈里沙漠中白眉麻雀织巢鸟的研究发现，即同一物种内相邻的鸟类群体可以建造出外观截然不同的巢穴，这表明它们的筑巢选择不仅受本能和环境的影响，还似乎通过家族群体代代相传的筑巢规则来学习。12．Whatplaysakeyroleinbirds'nest-buildingchoicesaccordingtothenewstudy？(

)A．Livingconditions.B．Grouptraditions.C．Theinfluenceofneighbors.D．Thespeciesofbirds.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Instead,thesebirdsseemtolearnrulesfornest-makingthatgetpasseddownwithinafamilygroupfromgenerationtogeneration.”以及第五段中“Sheandhercolleaguesproposedthatculturaltransmission(传输)mightbekeytonestbuilding.”可知，鸟类似乎学会了在家族群体中代代相传的筑巢规则，研究人员提出文化传承可能是筑巢的关键，这里的文化传承可以理解为群体传统。故选B。13．Whatdoweknowaboutthenestsbuiltbyneighboringgroupsofbirds？(

)A．Theyaremodeledaftereachother.B．Theyaremadeofdifferentmaterials.C．Theyvarymostsignificantlyinlength.D．Theysharethesamearchitecturalstyle.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thebiggestdifferencewasin‘howshortorlongthestructuresare’，saysstudyleadauthorMariaC.Tello-Ramos,acognitiveecologistattheUniversityofHullinEngland.”可知，相邻鸟群所建鸟巢最大的差异在于“结构的长短”，也就是在长度方面差异最为显著。故选C。14．HowdidTello-Ramosandhiscolleaguesreachthestudyconclusion？(

)A．Throughstatisticalmethods.B．Throughcarefulexperiments.C．Byexcludingotherpossiblefactors.D．Byreviewingfindingsofpreviousstudies.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知，为了探究造成所观察到差异的原因，研究团队仔细分析了可能决定鸟巢大小和形状的各种因素，如天气状况、树的高度、个体体型大小和基因相关性等，但发现这些因素似乎都对喀拉哈里麻雀的筑巢方式没有起到相关作用。由此可知，该研究团队先分析其他因素，排除它们的影响后提出新的观点。故选C。15．WhatdoesChristinaRiehlthinkofthestudy？(

)A．Limitedbutinspiring.B．Understudiedandmisleading.C．Controversialbutwell-designed.D．Convincingandgroundbreaking.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，她认为该研究的数据不足以完全排除基因的影响，因为研究人员没有掌握这些群体中所有个体完善的基因信息，这表明她觉得该研究存在一定的局限性。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2025·济南高三模拟)Weallknowthatfirstimpressionsareimportantandthattheyarelasting.That'swhyweworkhardtomakegreatfirstimpressions.1(____)Firstimpressionsmightovershadowyourabilities.Whenyouarehiredinanorganization,asetofinferencesismadeaboutyou.Makinginferencesishumannature.Ifyoubecomeknownforyourattentiontodetails,youmayneverbeseenassomeonewhocanseethebigpicture.Ifyouarethepersonwhoorganizesallofthebirthdaycelebrations,youmayneverbeseenasmanagementmaterial.2(____)Firstimpressionscanstampyouforever,oftenpre-determiningthepathofyourcareerandhowfaryouwillbeabletoadvanceyourcareer.Theseperceptionspaintapictureofwhopeoplethinkyouare.3(____)This,inlargepart,iswhyyourcareersareheldback,whyyoubecomefrustrated,dissatisfiedandevenwanttoleavethepresentposition.Butitdoesn'thavetocometothatifyoucanunlockhiddenaspectsofyourvalue.Talkaboutwhatyouarereadingorap