英语读写试卷

Work-IifeBa1anee:AGrowingStrugg1ea

A)Wccanemai1,text,facc-bookandtweetanywhere,

anytime、Burhavesmart-phonesandtablets

(平板电脑)madeiteasicrcobalanccworkwith

therestoflife?A

B)InthedecadesincCJohnHowarddubbedt

hcwork-1ifcbalancca"barbecuestopper",mo

biletechnol0giCshavCrevo1uti0nizedworkfor

manyAustralians、Theyhavecliminatedthephysica

1lx)undariesthatoncedefinc<1workplacCsand

批注［1］：优点

allowcdcmp1oyccsunpreccdcntcdf1cxibilityin

whereandwhentheywork、ButnewtechnologieS

canbeamixcdblessingforworkcrs、Theofficcis

a1waysinyourpocket、4

C)TheAustra1ianWorkandLifeIndcx,prepared

bytheCentreforWork+LifeattheUni

versityofSouthAustralia,hastraekedthe

work-lifeexperieneeofAuStralianworkersforfiv

eyears>The1atestreport,titlcd“TheBigSqu

eeze",shOwSlitt1eimprovementinwork-life

outesinthattime、AcCOrdingtOthecentre3dirc

ctorandaco-authorofthereport,Profcssor

BarbaraPocock,atleastaqUafterofAuutralianwor

kcrsarcbadlyaffectcdbywork—lifeinterfer

ence、”Wearenotseeingarunawaytrainher

ebutwcarcsccingaproblcmthatisaffectinga1

批注：缺点

otofpeopIeanditisverypersistent,"P0c0Ck［2］

says、A

D)Howcvcr,thereisonegroupforwhichthings

批注［3］：

arcgettingworse:full-timewomenworkers»Thatgr

oup'sdissadsfactionwiththeirwork-lifeba1

ancehascIimbedfrom15、9pereentto27、5percent。

verthepastfiveyears,whilethesameratefb

rfull-timcmenhasbeenfairlysteady»Sevenou

tof10full-timewomenworkersoftenora1way

Sfeel“rushcdandpressedfortime”and41pcrccnt

ofmotherswithfull—timejobssaidtheywOuIdp

refertoworkpart-time-the1argcst

propertionsinee2007、

E)ProfessorPoeocksaysmobiletcchnologicsar

eacOntributingfactor,espeCia1lyforthosewhowo

rkintheserviccsectorandamongmanagersan

dprofes$ionals»"We'vegotworkthat'sleaping

thespatialboundaryofthe\vorkp1accandtha

t'sparticularlyaffectin^full-timew0menwho

archo1dinghousehoIdstoghcr,“shesays

“Mobi1eteChnol0gicsareAfantaStiCreS

批注(4)：there'sadarkside.

ourccbutourdatashowstherc*sadarkside、An

dit's0ftenover\vhe1mingtheflexibility

thatnewtechnologicsgive、Peoplcfeclgood

aboutbeingabIetodea1withstuffontherunand

whenitsuitsthem.butit,sgotareal

shadowside、•*

F)LizMarchantrcliesheavilyonmobiletcchno1ogi

esinherroleasidirectoroftheSydney-ba

scdmarkedngandpublicrclationsfirmRcco

gnitiOnPR、CheCkingemailsis“thefirst

thingIdowhen1wakcupandthelastthingIdo

before1got。sleep”,shesays、“BcCause

I,maworkingmum,InpicallyIcavetheofficca

tfiveo'clockonthedotbutIalwaySchecki

nofancvcningtOmakesurethatIhaven*t1

ftanythingundoneShealwayswaitsuntil

hersix-ycar—oldhasgonetobedbeforechecking

inonwork、”Whatwehavenowisan'i

nstantresponsc'socictyshesays、”Wesend

anemailandwedeexpcctaresponsen。ma

ttcrwhattimcitis,orevenwhatdayitis,

批注⑼：现状

andthatchangesthedynamicsofeverydav、"

“Mobi1cdevicesprovideopportunitieswedid

n'thaveafewyearsagointhatwecan

leaveandpickupthekidsfromschoolandno

tfeelguilty/shesays、**But11meansyoun

everturnoffbecauseyouarealwaysconnectcd

andthere'sancxpectationthatyouwi11a1

waysbeacrossthings、Mobiledevicesenab1eme

tobetherewiththekidsbutita1someans

youmightnotbepaying100percentattention

»Oit'saCatch22(边退两难得处境)，right?”

»G)Me1issaGregg,aSydneyUniversityacademic

whOhasdoneextensiveresearchontheimpactof

tcChnologyOnworklife,sayStheflexibilityand

convenienceoffere(lbymobi1etechnologie$

getmuchmoreactcntionthanthecosts»"Thc

trcubleisthatmobiletechnO1O女iesarechangin

区thelocationsofworkjshesays、ri\X'cnolo

ngerhaYephysicallimitsonho\vweaccessOu

rworkandIthinkthat'ssomethingthatwc'v

eav0idedthinkingaboutCarcfUHy、"

H)Greggfbundne\vtechnologiesmcantmany

employees-especia1lywomenwhoworkpart-timc

-aredoinglargeam3untsofunpaidwork、

“Duringmyresearchwomenwouldsaytome,'It'

Ssoconvenienttohavemylaptopopenonthe

diningroomtablc、IcankcepancyconmycmaiI

whiIeI'mCookingdinnerandwhileI*tnhelpi

ngmychilddohishomework,、Whilethat's

describedasconvenient,theyareactuaIlyeng

aginginthreediffercntn-pesofunpaidlaborinthat

situation、It'shardlyconvenientifyOurworkis

n'tbeingrccognizcd、”Shealsodiscovered

manyworkerscheckemailsinthem0rningtQtry

to即向morecOntro1overtheirworkdavs、

I)Pococksaidherteam'sstudyC0nfirmsthe

importsnccofpoliciesthatpromotcgreaterflcxi

bilityforworkcrs、Tw0yearsagoparentswith

ofpreschoolchildrcn,orchiIdrcnunder18withadis

abiIity,weregiventhe“righttorequcs

tworkflexibilityfromtheiremp1oyer,Butthe

UniversityofSouth/'.ustralia'srescarch$ho

wedmanyparentsarcunawareoftherighttorequest

HexibilitY,orun\viIlin乂toasktheiremplo

yer、

J)"InmanyworkplacesgettingflexibilityisdiffieU

1tespeciallywherestandardworkingarrangements

批注网:非常行道理

aredominant,thec1irratcishosti1etoflexibil

ity,orworkersanticipateascigma■辱)arising

fromarequcstforflcxibilicy,“thereportsays、

批注［7J:

spendingtimewithfriends.Theratesof

perceived“workintensificatiOnreportedbyA

ustralianworkcrsishighcrthaninEuropeusing

similarmea$ures、Neirlyathirdofworkers

feelthattheyhavetoomuchworkforoneperson

todo(33、2percentofwomenand30、3percen

tofmen),Almostoncinthrccmenputinm

orethan48hoursaweekandmostofthemwanted

towork1ess,•»

L)Butthereisaparadox>Overthelastfoury

earsthosesatisfie<1withtheirwork-1ifieb

alancchasrisensiightkr,from68、3perccntto

69、1percent、Workersarcasstressedormorestrcssed

thaneverbutthereisa1eve1ofacccptance

aboutitthatthisisthewaythingsarc、”Thisisnot

a1Ianegativessry,"Pococksays、'*Lo

批注［8］："Lotsofpeoplearemanagingfine.

tsofpcoplearemanagingfinc、A

M)ArchitcctHclenaBarrigaworks32、5hoursa

week,hasrwodaughtersagedfiveandeight,

anddocsmuchofthcunpaidworkathomesuchas

takingthe@rktogymna$ticsorswimmin

g、Herschcduleallowshertopursueacarccr

sheenjoyS、"1wou1dn'twant10re(lucetny

hours,shesays、thinkitworksforthegjr1s

andworksforme、”AnotherarChitectand

motheroftwo,KirstenGrant,saysthcbalanc

etomanageworkandfamilyispartofalife

shewantsandacareersheloves、"Workisimpor

tanttomesoI'mpreparedtopayforit、Ifyou

doalistofprosandcons,there'dbeasign

ificantnumberofneg£tive$,butI'dsaythepo

批注：林站

sitivesoutweighthcnegatives%”［9］

1)

L)TliOughundergreaterpressuretha

neverbeforc,manyworkerscanno

tonlyacceptitbutalsomanageitwe1R

2)

H)ItisfoundthatnewtechnoIogics

makemanyworkers,especially

part—timeworkingwomen,doai

otofunpaidwork、

3)

B)MobiletechnoIogieshavep1etelych

angedmanyAustraIians'wayofworkin

g,makingtheirworkingtimeand

placemoreflexiblc»

4)

F)Mobi1cdcviccsmakcworkingm

othershavemoretimetobewit

htheirkids,bu11heyarcunab1cto

payalltheirattentioncothekidsw

iththcdeviccskeptonallthctime»

5)

C)Itisrcportcdthatatleastonefourt

hofAustralianworkersareSeriousl

yinfluenccdbywork-lifeinte

rferencC'.

6)

K)MoreandmOrepcOp1ethinkthat

workinterfcrcswiththeirtimewith

friendsandtheiractivitie$0utsi

dework、

7)

M)Wcpayfarmoreattentiontothef

lexibi1ityandconvenieneebroughtby

mobi1ctechoologiesthanthecosts

wehavetopay、

8)

I)Intheworkplaceswherestandardworking

arrangement$prevai1,itisdifficu

1tforworkerstoaskforf

lexibility、

9)

D)Overthepastfiveyears,therate

offull-timewornenworkerswhoarc

dissatiSGcdwiththeirworklifebnlanCe

hasbeenontherise、

10)

I)AlthoUghparentswithprcschoo1chi

1drenweregiventherighttorequest

forworkflcxibility.theyarcnotre

alizingthcexistence。ftherighteru

nwiIlingtoexcrciscit、

阅读理解15题，总分值：15分

Directions:

Readthefoliowingpassagescarefully、Eachpassageisfollowedby

somequestionsorunfinishedsentences、Foreachofthemthereatefour

choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD、Choo$ethebestanswertoeach

question%

Wca11laugh、Wcallhurt,Wea11makemista

kes、Wea11dream,that'sIife、It'saj0

urncy、Pleasefol1owthescrulestomakethe

journeyOfyour1ifeajOurneyOfjoy!Staying

pOSinvcthroughthecoldseaSoncOuldbcyoUr

be$tdefenseagainstgettingill,newstudyfi

ndingssuggps

Inanexpcrimcntthatexposedhealthyvo1unte

Cisioacoldurf1uviIUS,rCsuaiclicrsfuUndihalp

e0plewithagpnerallysunnydisposition（性格）

werelesslikelytofaIIi1I、Thefindings,

publishedinthejournaJPsychosomaticMed/cine,

buildonevideneethata“positiveemotional

style“canhclpwardoffthemoncoldandother

i11ncsscs、

Rescarchcrsbelicvcthercasonsmaybcbothob

jectiveasinhappinessboostingimmune

functionandsubjeetiveasinhappypcop1cbeingI

esstroubledbyascratchythroatorrunny

nose、”PcoplcwithapositivccmotionaIstylemay

havedifferentimmuneresponsetotheviru

s,acxplaincd1cadstudyauthorDrSheIdon

CohenofCamegieMellOnUniverSityinPittsbu

rgh,“Andwhentheydogetacoi<1,they

mayinterprettheiri11nessasbeingles

Ssevere»

④Cohenandhiscol1eagueshadfoundinapr

cviousstudythathappierpeoplcseemedless

like1ytocatchac0Id,butSomequestionsremained

astowhetherthecmocionaltraititselfhadthe

effect、④

Forthenewstudy,theresearchershad193

healthyadultSwithplcteStandardmeasureSO

fpersonalitytraits,seIf-perceivedhealtha

ndemotiona1"style"、Thosewhotcnded

tobehappy,energeticandeasy-goingwerejudgeda$

havingapositiveemotionaIst\r1e,whilethos

ewhowcrcoftenunhappy,tcnscandhostilehada

negativestyle、Theresearchersgavethemnose

dropscontainingeitheracoldvirusora

particularfluvirus、Overthenextsixdays,the

voIuntccrsreportedonanyachcs,pains,ors

neezing(#T喷嘲theyhad,whiletheresearchersc

olicetedobjcctivcdata、CohcnandhiscoI1e

aguesfoundthatbasedonobjcctivemeas

urcsofnasa1woes(鼻部得不适)，happypcoplcwcr

eless1ikelytodeve1opaco1d、

11)

Thenewstudyfindingsintheexper

imcntsuggestthat

A,

Havingancgativecmotionisharmf

uit0thecharacter、

B、

BcingoptimiSticismOreprobab1eto

keephealthy、

c、

Stayingpositiveismorclikelytoc

atchcold-.

Havingagooddispositi0nismore

1ikclytogcciIk

12)

Thephrase“wardoff"inPara

graph2moStprobablymeans

A、

shrugoff

B、

keepaway

c、

setaside

D、

givein

13)

ItcanbcinferredfromDr、SheIdon

Cohen'$interpretati0nthat

pcoplcwithapoSitivcemotionarcmo

re1ikelytoregardtheiri1IneSsaS

1essserious>

B、

peoplcwithapos:tivccmotionarcmore

1ike1ytointerprettheiril1nessobjective

1V、

C、

peopIcwithancgativccmotion

aremorelikelytointerprettheiriI

Incsssubjcctivcly、

D、

pcop1cwithanegativccmotionarc

morelike!ytoboostimmuneIunction

tOthevirus、

14)

heanbe1earncfromthepassageth

atthebenefitsofhavingapos

itivecmotionalsty1eare.、______、

A、

se1evident

B、

tobefurtherStudicd

c、

stillclubious

D、

provenbyscicntificrescarch

15)

Whichofthcfol1owingwouldbethe

bestTITI.Eforthepa$sage?

A、

ScientificEvidcnceofStayingHeal

thy

B、

TheHeaIthBenefitsofStayingPoSi

tivc

c、

TheSccretsofStayingPositive

D、

AHappyJourneyFullofJoy

AgenerarionaftcrAmcricanslostthehabitof

knOwingwhotheirspaceheroesreallyare,theC

olumbiaastronaucswcrerememberedTucsday

asawe-struCk（肃然起敬得）yOungsterswho10nged

to*'rcachthestars*,andasfun-1ovingbut

dcdicatcdadultswhoneverlosttheirsenseofad

ventureNPresidentBushandfirstladyLauraBusha

11cndcda45-minutcmcmoriaIccremonyatthcJOhnsO

nSpaceCenter、

Theprcsidentandthechiefoftheastronaut

corpshelpedbringtheadventurouslivesofthe

sevenColumbiaastronautswhodiedSaturday

intofocusforNASz\employeesandthenation、

NavyCapc,KentRominger,theastronaut

corpschief,remembercdtheerewasa"generousandcar

ingbunchwithagreatsenseofhumor▲

BushaIsoculogizedeachastronaut.Hespoke

onabreezy,clenrdayasthoueand$ofopacep

rogramworkcrsstoodaroundatrcc-lincdpond、

Theteleviscdceremonywasalsobroadeastfor

workcrsattheKennedySpaceCcntcrinFlorida、

"TheirmissionwasaImostplete,andwe1o$t

themsOclOSetOhome,"Bushsaid、MTheirloss

wasSuddenandterribleAndfortheirfami1ieS,th

egricfishcavy、Ournacionsharesinyour

sorrowandyourpride、Andtodayweremem

bcrnotonlyonemomentofcragcdybutsevcn1

ivcsofgreatpurposcandachievement、”Bushde

claredthattheUnitedStateswouldcontinue

itsmannedspaccprogram:'Thiscauseofcxplorationan

ddiscoveryisnotanoptionwechoose%Ici

sadcsircwrittcninthehumanheart、

BushwasacpanicdtoIloustononAirForcc

OnewithformersenatorJohnGlenn,thefirs

tAmericantOorbittheEarth,andNciIArm

Strong,thefirstmantosetfootonthe

moon、ThepreSidentarrivcdattheceremOn

ywaikinghand-in-handuiththefirstlady、Afterward,

theymetprivatelywithabout40familymembers、

AWhiteHousea$$i$tantsaidBush$poketoeaCh

person、Hemadcsma11talkwiththechildrenabou

tschoolandofferedhisregret$fOrmeetingat

SuchatragiCtime、HetoldonewidOw,'(you

reaStrongsoul、''Hesaidtoonefatherwholost

achild,'iwcresoproudofyouasafather%

TheroarofNASAT-38trainingjctsthatflew

a''missingmanMformationstiIIechoedinthe

discance,asspaceagcncyworkersIcavingtheceremon

ysaidcheyhadfoundfortintheservice、

16)

Whatisthemaintopicofthepassa

ge?

A、

Spiritofthoscspaceheroes»

B、

AddrcssoftheprcsidentBush、

C、

DcscriptionofthemcmoriaI

ceremony-

D、

TragcdyofsevenColumbiaastrona

uts、

17)

Wherewastheceremonyinmemor

yofthesevenColumbiaastronauts

held?

A,

InWashington、

B、

InFlorida,

c、

AttheKennedySpaccCenter»

D、

AttheJohnsonSpaceCcnter、

18)

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueacc

Ordingtothepissagp?

A,

IauraBush,thefirstlady,tookp

artintheceremonywiththepresident、

B、

Worker$attheKennedySpaceCent

erattendedthcmcmoriaIccrcmOny、

c、

I'hescvcnCO1Umbiaastronautslostt

heir1ivesonSaturday、

D、

TheUnitedState$wiIIcontinuei

tsmannedspaceprogram»

19)

Whatdocstheword“eulogized”in

Paragraphthreemostprobablymea

n?

A、

B、

mourned

c、

praiscd

D、

disCusScd

20)

Whichofthefol1owingcanbe

coneludedfromthepassage?

A、

BUshon1yhadtimetotalkwiththOsc

oldfainilymembCn-

B、

Trainingjet$f1e\vina''misSingma

n''formadonattheendoftheccr(

meny、

c、

JohnG1cnnisthcfirstAmcrican

tosetfootonthemoons

D、

ThechiefoftheasttnnautcorpstOokthe

scvcnCo1umbiaastronautshome»

Adogcouldbeababyzsbestfriend,accordingcoa

studypublishedinamedicaljournal、Infantslivingin

houscholdswithdogswcreheakhicrandhad

fewerearinfectionsthanthosewithoutadog,

thestudyfound、Researchcrsalsofoun

dthatcatsappearwltooffersomcprotccti

on,butthelinkwasnztasstrong%Thestudy,

postcdonlineMondayandbasedon397

childrenwho1ivedinruralandsuburban

partsofFinlancl,examinedwhethercontactw

ithdogsandCatsduringababy'SfirstyearofferS

anyprotccrionfromcoldsandrcsultingmoncarinfee

tiOns、A

“Thechildrenhavingdogsathomewerehealthier,

theyhadlesscar:nfcctiOnsandtheyneeded

lessantihiotics（才亢生素）,saidEijaBergroth,

thestudy*sIcadauchor»Onemcasuresho\ved

childrenwithdog$wererepOrtedasbeinghealthy

forabout73percentofthetime,basedonwccklyq

ue$tionnaires,paredwithabout65percentofC

hildrenwithnodOgcontactathome、A

Whilethescudytrackedjustunder400babics,

theresearcherssaidtheresuItswerestati

sticallysignificantbecauseitrdiedonwee

k）yquestionnairesfiliedoutbyparentS-Dr、

BergrochcxplaincdthatchiIdrcnwhoIivedin

householdswheredogsspent18ormore

hoursadayoutside,showedthemosthcaIthyd

ays,fewerfcversandtheleastuseofantibiotic

SparedwithbabicSwithnodogathOme、Oneth

eoryisdogsthatspenda1otoftimc

outsidelikelybringtnoredirtandbactcriains

idcthehomeparedwithdogsandcatsthat

spendmoreurneindoors,shesaid、Researc

hersbe1ievethatexposuretodirtandbact

eriabui1dsupbabies'immunesystems、④

Earlierstudiesusingsmallersamplesofchi

1drenhaveshownconflictingresuItsontheimpact

OfanimalexposureoninfectionSandailergies（过敏

症）,thoughastudyfundedbytheNationalInst

itutesofHealthshowedchildrenexposedtotxvoO

rmoredogsorcatsintheirfirstyearhadIowcr

ChancesoflaterdevelopingalIkindsofaIlergiesthan

Chi1drenexpoScdtooneornopets、

21)

WhichoffbIlowingistrueaccord

ingtothestudypublishediname

dica1jOurnal?

A、

Livingwithpetscanpreventinfan

fromcoldsandcarinfections、

B、

Thercisastronglinkbccuccninfantsli

vingwithdogsandthcirheaIthcondi

tions、

InfantslivinginhausehoIdswithc

atsarehealthierthanthOSewithdOgs、