苏教版高中英语必修第三册第8单元语法练习题及答案

苏教版高中英语必修第三册第8单元语法练习题及答案第1页共1页苏教版高中英语必修第三册第8单元语法练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensetodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent?A.Shehaswrittenaletteryesterday.B.Theyhavebeenplayingfootballforthreehours.C.Hewillhavefinishedhishomeworkbytomorrow.D.Wehadeatendinnerwhentheyarrived.参考答案：B2.Inthesentence"Thecompanyhasachievedremarkablegrowthinthepastfiveyears,"whatgrammaticalstructureisusedtoexpressthedurationoftheaction?A.PresentcontinuoustenseB.PastperfecttenseC.PresentperfectcontinuoustenseD.Simplepasttense参考答案：C3.Whichoptioncorrectlytransformsthefollowingsentenceintothepassivevoice:"Theengineersdevelopedanewsoftware."A.Anewsoftwarewasdevelopedbytheengineers.B.Theengineersdevelopedsoftwarenew.C.Wasdevelopedbytheengineersanewsoftware.D.Anewsoftwarehasbeendevelopedbytheengineers.参考答案：A4.Whatisthecorrectwaytoformthepastparticipleoftheverb"tolearn"?A.LearnedB.LearningC.LearntD.Learned参考答案：A5.Inthesentence"IfIhadknownaboutthemeeting,Iwouldhaveattendedit,"whichtenseisusedtodescribeahypotheticalsituationinthepast?A.SimplepasttenseB.PresentperfecttenseC.PastperfecttenseD.Conditionalperfecttense参考答案：C6.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesthesecondconditionaltodescribeahypotheticalsituation?A.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.B.Ifwehadgonetothepicnic,itwouldhaverained.C.Ifitrainedtomorrow,itwouldrain.D.Wewouldcancelthepicnicifitrainstomorrow.参考答案：B7.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverb"togo"inthepresentperfectcontinuoustense?A.HavegoneB.HasbeengoingC.HavebeengoneD.Hasgone参考答案：B8.Inthesentence"ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishforsixmonths,"whattenseisusedtoemphasizethedurationoftheaction?A.PresentperfecttenseB.PresentperfectcontinuoustenseC.SimplepresenttenseD.Pastperfecttense参考答案：B9.Whichoptioncorrectlyusesthepastperfecttensetodescribeanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotherpastaction?A.Theyhadfinishedtheprojectbeforethedeadline.B.Thedeadlinehadfinishedthembeforetheproject.C.Theyfinishedtheprojectbeforethedeadlinehadpassed.D.Theprojecthadfinishedthembeforethedeadline.参考答案：A10.Whatisthecorrectwaytoformthefutureperfecttenseoftheverb"towrite"?A.WillhavewrittenB.WillwriteC.HavewrittenD.Written参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.Themanageraskedthestaffifthey______readyforthemeeting.参考答案：are2.______youfinishyourhomework,youcangoouttoplay.参考答案：Notonly3.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately.参考答案：were4.Notonly______thestudentsbutalsotheteacher______interestedinthetopic.参考答案：does/are5.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.参考答案：the6.Sheis______thanherbrother,soshecanreachthehighshelfeasily.参考答案：taller7.______itrainedheavilyyesterday,westillwentforapicnic.参考答案：Although8.Thisisthe______timeIhavevisitedthismuseum.参考答案：first9.Couldyoupleasetellme______timeitis?参考答案：what10.Theteachersaid,"______youstudyhard,youwillpasstheexam."参考答案：Theharder/Themorehard三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.Therelativeclause"whichislocatedinthedowntownarea"canbereplacedby"wherethecompanyissituated"withoutchangingthemeaningofthesentence.参考答案：√2.Inthesentence"Themanager,whohasworkedherefortenyears,isveryknowledgeable,"theword"who"isusedcorrectlyasarelativepronoun.参考答案：√3.Thesentence"Ihaveboughtabookthatwaspublishedlastyear"containsarestrictiverelativeclause.参考答案：√4.Non-restrictiverelativeclausesshouldbeprecededbycommas,whilerestrictiverelativeclausesdonotrequirecommas.参考答案：√5.Thepastperfecttense"hadfinished"isusedcorrectlyinthesentence"Bythetimethemeetingstarted,theyhadfinishedthereport."参考答案：√6.Thefutureperfecttense"willhavefinished"isappropriatetousewhentalkingaboutanactionthatwillbecompletedbeforeaspecificpointinthefuture.参考答案：×7.Thepassivevoice"willbefinished"iscommonlyusedinformalwritingtoemphasizetheactionratherthanthesubject.参考答案：×8.Thesentence"Theexperimentwasconductedbythestudents"isanexampleofthepassivevoice.参考答案：√9.Inthesentence"Theresultswillbeannouncednextweek,"thefuturesimpletense"willbeannounced"isusedcorrectly.参考答案：√10.Thesentence"Thebook,whichIboughtyesterday,isveryinteresting"containsanon-restrictiverelativeclause.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.Whatisthestructureofanon-restrictiverelativeclause?参考答案：Anon-restrictiverelativeclauseisaclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutanounbutisnotessentialtothemeaningofthesentence.Itisusuallysetoffbycommas.2.Howdoyouusethefutureperfectcontinuoustense?参考答案：Thefutureperfectcontinuoustenseisformedwith"willhavebeen+verb-ing".Itisusedtodescribeanactionthatwillcontinueuptoaspecifictimeinthefuture.3.Explainthedifferencebetween"too"and"either".参考答案：Tooisusedtoindicateanexcessiveamountordegree,whileeitherisusedtoindicateoneoftwooptionsoralternatives.4.Whatisthecorrectwaytoformthepassivevoicewith"begoingto"?参考答案：Thepassivevoicewith"begoingto"isformedwith"begoingtobe+pastparticiple".Itisusedtodescribeafutureactionthatwillbecompletedbysomeoneorsomething.5.Howdoyoumakeacomparisonbetweentwoadjectives?参考答案：Tomakeacomparisonbetweentwoadjectives,youuse"comparativedegree"forequalorsimilarthings(e.g.,taller,bigger)and"superlativedegree"forthehighestdegree(e.g.,thetallest,thebiggest).6.Inwhatsituationsshouldthesimplepasttensebeusedinsteadofthepresentperfecttense?参考答案：Thesimplepasttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepastandarecompleted.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresentorhavearesultinthepresent.7.Describethestructureofasentencewithadirectobject.参考答案：Asentencewithadirectobjecthasthestructure:Subject+Verb+DirectObject.Thedirectobjectreceivestheactionoftheverb.8.WhyisitimportanttousethecorrectarticlesinEnglish?参考答案：UsingthecorrectarticlesisimportantinEnglishbecauseithelpstospecifywhetheranounisspecificorgeneral.Theindefinitearticle"a"or"an"isusedfornon-specificnouns,whilethedefinitearticle"the"isusedforspecificnouns.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）（先阅读下面材料，再根据材料内容作答，答案写在对应题目下方的横线上）ThecityofGreenfieldhasbeenexperiencingasignificantincreaseintrafficcongestionoverthepastfewyears.Toaddressthisissue,thelocalgovernmenthasproposedseveralsolutions,includingbuildinganewsubwayline,expandingexistinghighways,andpromotingtheuseofpublictransportation.Arecentsurveywasconductedtogatherpublicopinionontheseproposals.Theresultsareshowninthetablebelow.|Proposal|Support(%)|Opposition(%)||||||Buildinganewsubwayline|65|25||Expandingexistinghighways|40|50||Promotingpublictransportation|55|35|1.Accordingtothesurvey,whichproposalhasthemostsupportfromthepublic?A.BuildinganewsubwaylineB.ExpandingexistinghighwaysC.PromotingpublictransportationD.Noneoftheabove参考答案：A2.Whatpercentageofpeopleopposetheproposaltoexpandexistinghighways?A.40%B.50%C.55%D.65%参考答案：B3.Howmanymorepeoplesupportbuildinganewsubwaylinethanpromotingpublictransportation?A.10%B.15%C.20%D.25%参考答案：C4.Ifthetotalnumberofpeoplesurveyedis1,000,howmanypeopleopposepromotingpublictransportation?A.350B.355C.400D.450参考答案：A5.Thegovernmentisconsideringcombiningtwooftheproposals.Whichtwowouldbethemostpopularifcombined?A.BuildinganewsubwaylineandexpandingexistinghighwaysB.BuildinganewsubwaylineandpromotingpublictransportationC.ExpandingexistinghighwaysandpromotingpublictransportationD.Noneoftheabove参考答案：B6.Thesurveyresultsindicatethatthepublicismostinterestedinwhichtypeoftransportationsolution?A.SubwaysB.HighwaysC.BusesD.Trains参考答案：A7.Whatisthetotalpercentageofpeoplewhoeithersupportoropposebuildinganewsubwayline?A.90%B.90.5%C.91%D.91.5%参考答案：D8.Ifthegovernmentdecidestoimplementthemostpopularproposal,whichonewillitbe?A.BuildinganewsubwaylineB.ExpandingexistinghighwaysC.PromotingpublictransportationD.Noneoftheabove参考答案：A标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：本题考查现在完成进行时。选项A错误，因为现在完成时不能与具体过去时间状语（如yesterday）连用。选项B正确，现在完成进行时表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，符合题意。选项C错误，因为bytomorrow是将来时间，应使用将来完成时。选项D错误，因为hadeatendinnerwhentheyarrived是过去完成时，不符合题意。2.参考答案：C解析：本题考查现在完成时。选项A错误，现在进行时表示动作正在进行。选项B错误，过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前完成的动作。选项C正确，现在完成时可以表示动作从过去开始并持续到现在，符合题意。选项D错误，简单过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作。3.参考答案：A解析：本题考查被动语态。选项A正确，被动语态的正确结构是"主语+be动词+过去分词"，符合题意。选项B错误，语序错误。选项C错误，语序错误。选项D错误，时态错误，应为过去时。4.参考答案：A解析：本题考查动词过去分词。选项A正确，learn的过去分词是learned。选项B错误，learning是现在分词。选项C错误，learnt是英式英语的过去分词。选项D错误，learned是过去式。5.参考答案：C解析：本题考查过去完成时。选项A错误，简单过去时。选项B错误，现在完成时。选项C正确，过去完成时表示在过去某个时间之前完成的动作，符合题意。选项D错误，条件句的从句和主句时态错误。6.参考答案：B解析：本题考查第二条件句。选项A错误，简单条件句。选项B正确，第二条件句的结构是"If+过去式,would+动词原形"，符合题意。选项C错误，缺少主语和would。选项D错误，语序错误。7.参考答案：B解析：本题考查现在完成进行时。选项A错误，havegone是现在完成时。选项B正确，现在完成进行时表示动作从过去开始并持续到现在，符合题意。选项C错误，havebeengone语序错误。选项D错误，hasgone是现在完成时。8.参考答案：B解析：本题考查现在完成进行时。选项A错误，现在完成时。选项B正确，现在完成进行时强调动作的持续时间，符合题意。选项C错误，简单现在时。选项D错误，过去完成时。9.参考答案：A解析：本题考查过去完成时。选项A正确，过去完成时表示在过去某个时间之前完成的动作，符合题意。选项B错误，语序错误。选项C错误，时态错误。选项D错误，语序错误。10.参考答案：A解析：本题考查将来完成时。选项A正确，将来完成时的结构是"willhave+过去分词"，符合题意。选项B错误，简单将来时。选项C错误，现在完成时。选项D错误，过去式。二、填空题1.参考答案：are解析：本题考查〈动词时态〉。根据句意“经理问员工们是否准备好开会”，这里需要使用现在时态，表示当前的状态。主语是复数thestaff，所以动词用are。2.参考答案：Notonly解析：本题考查〈倒装句〉。当notonly放在句首时，句子需要部分倒装，即将助动词或情态动词提到主语前面。主语是you，助动词用do。3.参考答案：were解析：本题考查〈虚拟语气〉。If引导的非真实条件句，表示与过去事实相反的情况，主句用过去时态。主语是I，动词用were。4.参考答案：does/are解析：本题考查〈倒装句与主谓一致〉。Notonly放在句首，句子部分倒装，助动词does根据主语thestudents（复数）用are。5.参考答案：the解析：本题考查〈定冠词用法〉。特指“我借自图书馆的书”，需要用定冠词the。6.参考答案：taller解析：本题考查〈比较级用法〉。根据句意“她比她哥哥高”，需要用形容词的比较级taller。7.参考答案：Although解析：本题考查〈让步状语从句〉。根据句意“虽然昨天下大雨，我们还是去野餐了”，表示让步关系，用Although。8.参考答案：first解析：本题考查〈序数词用法〉。根据句意“这是我第三次参观这个博物馆”，表示顺序，用序数词first。9.参考答案：what解析：本题考查〈特殊疑问词用法〉。询问时间，用whattime。10.参考答案：Theharder/Themorehard解析：本题考查〈比较级与虚拟语气〉。The+比较级表示“越……越……”，这里表示“你越努力学习，就越会通过考试”。根据句意，这里用hard的比较级harder。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“定语从句的用法”。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词which和where可以用来指代前面整个句子或名词性短语，且通常在从句中作主语或宾语。题干中的两个句子表达的意思相同，只是使用了不同的关系代词，因此可以相互替换，且不改变句子的含义。这种用法符合英语语法规则。2.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“定语从句的关系代词选择”。在定语从句中，关系代词who、which、that、whose等的选择取决于先行词的人称、数和性。题干中的先行词"themanager"是单数可数名词，且指人，因此使用关系代词"who"是正确的。关系代词"who"在从句中作主语，指代"themanager"。3.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“限制性定语从句的判断”。限制性定语从句是修饰先行词的定语从句，它限定或说明先行词，去掉后句子的意思会发生变化。题干中的定语从句"thatwaspublishedlastyear"修饰先行词"thebook"，限定了是哪一本书，因此是限制性定语从句。4.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“定语从句的标点符号使用”。限制性定语从句紧跟在先行词后面，不需要用逗号隔开；而非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补充说明，需要用逗号与主句隔开。题干中的表述符合定语从句的标点使用规则。5.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“过去完成时的用法”。过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。题干中的句子表达的是在会议开始之前，报告已经完成，因此使用过去完成时"hadfinished"是正确的。6.参考答案：×解析：本题考查“将来完成时的用法”。将来完成时"willhavefinished"表示在将来某一时间之前将要完成的动作。题干中的句子没有明确指出将来某一时间点，因此使用将来完成时不合适。应该使用将来简单时"willfinish"。7.参考答案：×解析：本题考查“被动语态的适用场景”。被动语态通常用于强调动作的承受者而不是执行者，常用于正式或客观的语境中。题干中的句子虽然使用了被动语态，但并没有强调动作的承受者，而是强调动作本身，因此使用主动语态"willfinish"可能更合适。8.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“被动语态的构成”。被动语态由"be动词的相应形式+及物动词的过去分词"构成。题干中的句子"wasconducted"符合被动语态的构成，且"theexperiment"是动作的承受者，"bythestudents"是动作的执行者。9.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“将来简单时的用法”。将来简单时"willbeannounced"表示在将来某个时间点将要发生的动作。题干中的句子表达的是在下周将宣布结果，因此使用将来简单时是正确的。10.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“非限制性定语从句的判断”。非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补充说明，通常用逗号与主句隔开。题干中的定语从句"whichIboughtyesterday"是对先行词"thebook"的补充说明，且用逗号与主句隔开，因此是非限制性定语从句。四、简答题1.参考答案：Anon-restrictiverelativeclauseisaclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutanounbutisnotessentialtothemeaningofthesentence.Itisusuallysetoffbycommas.解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句的结构。非限制性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明，但去掉后句子主干仍然完整，通常用逗号隔开。解析中点明了非限制性定语从句的定义和结构特点，符合高三教材对非限制性定语从句的考查要求。2.参考答案：Thefutureperfectcontinuoustenseisformedwith"willhavebeen+verb-ing".Itisusedtodescribeanactionthatwillcontinueuptoaspecifictimeinthefuture.解析：本题考查将来完成进行时态的构成和用法。将来完成进行时态由"willhavebeen+动词ing形式"构成，用于描述一个动作将持续到将来的某个时间点。解析中给出了构成形式和用法说明，符合高三教材对将来完成进行时态的考查。3.参考答案：Tooisusedtoindicateanexcessiveamountordegree,whileeitherisusedtoindicateoneoftwooptionsoralternatives.解析：本题考查too和either的用法区别。too表示"太...了"，表示过量；either表示"（两者中的）任何一个"，用于连接两个选项。解析中点明了两个词的用法区别，符合高三教材对too和either的考查要求。4.参考答案：Thepassivevoicewith"begoingto"isformedwith"begoingtobe+pastparticiple".Itisusedtodescribeafutureactionthatwillbecompletedbysomeoneorsomething.解析：本题考查begoingto结构用于被动语态的构成和用法。begoingto结构的被动语态由"begoingtobe+过去分词"构成，用于描述一个将要被完成的动作。解析中给出了构成形式和用法说明，符合高三教材对被动语态的考查。5.参考答案：Tomakeacomparisonbetweentwoadjectives,youuse"comparativedegree"forequalorsimilarthings(e.g.,taller,bigger)and"superlativedegree"forthehighestdegree(e.g.,thetallest,thebiggest).解析：本题考查形容词比较级的构成和用法。形容词比较级用于比较两个相同或相似的名词，由"more+形容词"或直接加"-er"构成；最高级用于表示最高程度，由"themost+形容词"或直接加"-est"构成。解析中给出了比较级和最高级的构成和用法，符合高三教材对形容词比较级的考查。6.参考答案：Thesimplepasttense