2025~2026学年海南儋州市春季学期高二期末学业质量监测英语

2025~2026学年海南儋州市春季学期高二期末学业质量监测英语一、阅读理解

MilitaryworksAuthorIntroductionTheArtofWarSunTzu

(about544-496BC)SunTzu,awell-knownmilitarystrategistinancientChina,livedduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.Itwasinsuchacomplexandwar-tornenvironmentthatSunTzu,withhisrichmilitaryexperienceanddeepinsights,pennedit.Itistheoldestmilitaryworkintheworld,covering13shortchaptersthatexplainhowwarswork,howtowinbattles,andhowleadersshouldthink.Onefamousideais“towinwithoutfighting”.OnWarCarlvonClausewitz

(1780-1831)HewasaGermanmilitarythinker.Hisbooksayswarisawaytoforceanenemytodowhatyouwant.Italsosayswariscloselylinkedtopolitics.Itdeeplyexploresthedifferencesbetweentactics(战术)andstrategy,andisofgreatsignificancetomilitaryprofessionalsandpoliticaltheorists.TheHistoryofthePeloponnesianWarThucydides

(about460-400BC)ItrecordsthedetailsofthewarbetweenthePeloponnesianLeagueledbySpartaandtheAthenianEmpire.Thisbookisofhighhistoricalvalue,objectivelyandcomprehensivelypresentingtheprocessandimpactofthewar,andisanimportantworkforstudyingancientGreekhistory.TheArtofWarNiccolòMachiavelli

(1469-1527)HewasanItalianwriterfromtheRenaissance.Hisbooktalksabouthowtobuildandtrainanarmy,howtoarrangesoldiersinbattle,andhowgovernmentsshouldorganizedefenses.Manyideaswerenewforhistime.NavalStrategyAlfredThayerMahan

(1840-1914)HewasanAmericannaval(海军的)officer.Hisbookwasthefirsttostudynavalstrategy.Hearguedthatastrongnavyiskeytoacountry’spower,becausecontrollingtheseashelpsprotecttradeandwinwars.1.WhichbookissignificantfortheresearchonancientGreekhistory?

A．OnWar.B．NavalStrategy.C．TheArtofWarbySunTzu.D．TheHistoryofthePeloponnesianWar.2.Whatdothesetwobookswiththesamenamehaveincommon?

A．Theybothhave13chapters.B．Bothauthorsareexperiencedgenerals.C．Theywerewrittenaroundthesametimeperiod.D．Bothbooksofferauniqueunderstandingofwar.3.WhatisthekeypointofMahan’sNavalStrategy?

A．Warreliesoncomplexpolitics.B．Naviesshouldonlyprotectcoastlines.C．Astrongnavyisnecessarytoacountry.D．Tradeismoreimportantthanmilitarypower.AnitaNowinskafoundherlong-lostboxofpastels(蜡笔)whilediggingthroughawornsuitcase,usingonlyacandleforlightasherpowerwascutoff.“BycandlelightIcreatedmyfirstflowerpainting,”sherecalls.“AsIpainted,IfoundthedeepsadnessandpainIwasfeelingdisappeared.Thatsingleactsavedme,healedmeandgavemeasenseofpurpose.”Itwasnot,assheputsit,thestraightestofcareerpaths.Asaneight-year-old,Anitawasinvitedtostudyalongsideamaster’sgroup.“Itwouldn’tbeallowedthesedays,”shesays.Hermother,supportive,boughtheroilpaints;herfather,lessso,frequentlydestroyedherwork.Later,Anitaswapped(交换)paintsforfastmoney.“Itgavemeaverynicelifestylefinancially,”shesays,“butitwassoul-destroying.”Anitasetasideherarttorunarecruitment(招聘)businessinthegrowingInternetsector,butshedidn’trememberbeinghappythroughoutthoseyears.Whenthedot-combubble(互联网泡沫)burst,manyofherclientswerehithard.Despitecoveringexpenseswithherownsavings,herbusinessultimatelysank.Today,sheisknownforhervast,immersive(沉浸式的)canvasesofmeadows(草地),wildgrassesandflowers—paintingsthataskyoutostop,breatheandlook.“IwanttheviewertoseewhatIsee.Thatthesmallestthinginnaturehassomuchbeautyandwonder.”Shepaintsbigbecauseshewantsyoutofeelenveloped,caughtintheflickerofaslightwind.Art,forAnita,isacelebrationofnature.“Walkingthroughthegreeneryismymeditation(冥想),”shesays.“Thesedayswecallitmindfulness,butformeit’sjustimmersingmyselfinwonder.”Viewersseemtoagree.OnewomaninawheelchaironcesatwithAnita’sworkforthreehours,lateradmittingitwasthefirsttimein20yearsshehadfeltnopain.That,forAnita,isthepoint.“Ican’tteachyouhowtopaint,”shesays.“Icanonlyteachyouhowtolook.”Andherlatestseries,SeeMeIBloom,carriesthatlessonintowomanhooditself:“It’saboutwomentrulyvaluingthemselves—theirstrength,theirwisdom,theirdetermination.Wecreateandnurturelife—whatcouldbemoreimportant?”4.WhatcanbeknownaboutAnita’searlyrelationshipwithartinParagraph2?

A．Shereceivedformalarteducationfromayoungage.B．Herparentsfullysupportedherartisticpursuits.C．Sheprioritizedfinancialsuccessoverartfromthebeginning.D．Herartistictalentwasrecognizedearlybutshefacedobstacles.5.HowdidAnitafeelaboutheryearsintherecruitmentbusiness?

A．Rewardingyetstressful.B．Emptyandmeaningless.C．Challengingyetenjoyable.D．Successfulandcontent.6.WhydoesAnitapaintlargecanvases?

A．Tofollowthetrendofcontemporaryartforms.B．Toshowcaseheruniquepasteltechniques.C．Tocreateasenseofcompleteimmersioninnature.D．Todistractviewersfromtechnicalimperfections.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．TheRoadtoBusiness:Anita’sCareerChangeB．Anita’sArtStory:HowPaintingHealsC．TheCommercialValueofNaturePaintingsD．FromFinancialSuccesstoArtisticFailureTheideathatsmilingcanmakeyoufeelhappierhasalonghistory.In1872,Darwinmused(沉思)aboutwhetheranemotionthatwasexpressedwouldbefeltmoreintenselythanonethatwasrepressed.Earlypsychologistsweremusingaboutitinthe1880s.Morethanahundredstudieshavebeenpublishedonthetopic.Andit’satrope(比喻)ofpopwisdom:“Smile,thoughyourheartisaching,”sangNatKingColein1954.“You’llfindthatlifeisstillworthwhile,ifyou’lljustsmile.”In2018,socialpsychologistFritzStrackpublishedastudythatseemedtoconfirmthatfacialfeedbackwasreal.Theresearchersaskedparticipantstoholdapenintheirmouthsinapositionthatforcedthemeithertobaretheirteethinacopyofasmileortopursetheirlipsaroundthepen.Tomakesurethatnoonewascluedintotheresearchers’interestinsmiles,theexperimenterstoldparticipantsthattheywereexploringhowpeoplewithphysicaldisabilitiesmightwriteorperformotherordinarytasks.Whenbothgroupswereshownasetofnewspapercomics—specifically,illustrationsfromGaryLarson’sTheFarSide—theteeth-barersratedtheimagesasfunnierthanthelip-pursersdid.Thiswasabigdealforthefacialfeedbackhypothesis(假设):Eventhoughparticipantsweren’tthinkingaboutsmilingortheirmood,justmovingtheirfaceintoasmile-likeshapeseemedtoaffecttheiremotions.Andsothefindingmadeitswayintopsychologytextbooksandcountlessnewsheadlines.Decadesofconfirmationfollowed,asresearcherspublishedotherexperimentsthatalsoshowedsupportforthefacialfeedbackhypothesis.Butin2025,allatonce,17labsfailedtorepeatthepenstudy.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“repressed”inParagraph1mean?

A．Tolerated.B．Controlled.C．Appreciated.D．Recognized.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?

A．Researchersdidn’tsharetheirtruepurpose.B．Participantswerephysicallydisabled.C．Participantswereconfusedabouttheexperiment.D．Researchersdidn’tshowtheirfacialfeedback.10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheresultoftheexperiment?

A．Objective.B．Supportive.C．Doubtful.D．Critical.11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A．Howtomakeyourselffeelhappiereasily.B．Darwin’sthoughtsaboutexpressedemotions.C．Theresearchprocessoffacialfeedbackhypothesis.D．Comics’influenceonpeople’smood.Foryears,sugarhasbeenlabeledaprimarycausebehindtheglobalriseindiabetes(糖尿病),especiallytype2diabetes(T2D).However,groundbreakingresearchfromBrighamYoungUniversitychallengesthisbroadassumption.Alarge-scalestudyrevealsacrucialdetail:thesourceandformofsugarmattersignificantlywhenitcomestodiabetesrisk.Thefindingspaintacontrastingpicture.Ononehand,sugarsconsumedinliquidform—specificallythroughsugar-sweeteneddrinkslikesodaandeven100%fruitjuice—wereconsistentlylinkedtoasharplyincreasedriskofdevelopingT2D.Ontheotherhand,sugarsnaturallypresentinoraddedtosolid,nutrient-densewholefoods(suchaswholefruits,dairyproducts,orwholegrains)appearedtobefarlessharmfulorpotentiallyevenprotective.Whyistheresuchabigdifference?Researcherspointtometabolism(新陈代谢).Liquidsugarsfromdrinksactlikeisolatedsugarfloodsenteringthesystem.Theycauserapidandlargejumpsinbloodsugar,overwhelmingtheliver.Thismetabolicdisruptionleadstoincreasedliverfatandinsulinresistance—keyfactorsinT2Ddevelopment.Bycontrast,sugarsaddedtosolidfoodsarereleasedmuchmoreslowlyintothebloodstream.Thefiber,fat,protein,andotherbeneficialnutrientsnaturallyaccompanyingthesugarinthesewholefoodsactasbuffers,reducingtheglycemic(血糖的)impactandpreventingtheliverfrombeingoverloaded.Thestudydeliversaclearwarningaboutfruitjuice.Despitecontainingsomevitamins,itshighconcentrationofliquidsugarmakesitapoorsubstituteforwholefruit.Thevitalfiberpresentinwholefruit,crucialformoderatingbloodsugarresponse,islargelymissinginjuice.“Thisstudyemphasizestheneedforevenstricterrecommendationsforliquidsugarssuchasthoseinsugar-sweeteneddrinksandfruitjuice,astheyappeartoharmfullyassociatewithmetabolichealth,”saidDellaCorte,oneoftheleadresearchers.“Ratherthancriticizingalladdedsugars,futuredietaryguidelinesmightconsiderthedifferenteffectsofsugarbasedonitssourceandform.”12.WhichformofsugarconsumptionbringsahigherT2Drisk?

A．Sugarnaturallyfoundinwholefruits.B．Sugarfromwholegrainsanddairyproducts.C．Sugarpresentinvariousliquiddrinks.D．Sugaraddedtonutrient-densesolidfoods.13.WhatdoesParagraph3focuson?

A．Thebenefitsofsugarmetabolism.B．Thereasonsforsugarmetabolism.C．Thesignificanceofsugarmetabolism.D．Thedifferencesinsugarmetabolism.14.TolowertheriskofT2D,whichpracticeismostlikelysupportedbythestudy?

A．Replacingsodadrinkswithwholefruits.B．Avoidingdairyproductscontainingsugar.C．Consumingasmuchfiberandfataspossible.D．Increasingconsumptionof100%fruitjuice.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromDellaCorte’sstatementaboutfuturedietaryguidelines?

A．Theyshouldremovefruitjuicefromrecommendations.B．Theyshouldreconsidertheimpactofsugaronmetabolism.C．Theyshouldcriticizesugarsregardlessofdifferenteffects.D．Theyshouldnotadoptaone-size-fits-allapproachtosugar.FamilyCampingGuide:EnsuringSafetyandFunforEveryoneAreyouplanningafamilycampingtrip?Whetherit’saweekendgetawayoralongeradventure,spendingtimeoutdoorscanbeawonderfulexperienceforfamilies.16Thisguidehaspracticaltipsforkeepingeveryonesafeandhavingfunonafamilycampingtrip.Checktheweatherforecastahead.Thisstepensuresyoupacktheproperclothingandequipmentforunexpectedweatherchanges.It’salsowisetohaveabackupplan.17Thisway,you’llstillhavesomefuneveniftheweatherdoesn’tcooperate.Assignage-appropriatetasks.18Youngerchildrencanhelpgatherfirewoodandsetuptentswhileolderkidscantakechargeoftaskslikecookingsimplemealsandsettingupthecamp.Remembertoensurethatclearinstructionsaregivenforeachtask.PackaFirstAidKit.19Thebasicsshouldincludebandages,tissues,tape,andtweezers.Besides,familiarizeyourselfwithbasicfirstaidtechniquesandremembertocheckthedatesoftheitemsinyourfirstaidkitandrestockasneeded.Plansafeoutdooractivities.Campingoffersvariousfamily-friendlyactivities.However,it’sessentialtoplansafeandage-appropriateactivitiesforeveryone.Ifyou’regoinghiking,pickatrailyouryoungestfamilymemberscanmanage.Whenswimmingorboating,ensureeveryonehasalifejacket.20Remember,preparationiscritical,butthemostimportantthingistohavefun,makememories,andtreasurethetimespenttogetherinthegreatoutdoors.

A．Prepareindooractivitiesorgamestoenjoyinthecamper.B．It’stimetohittheroadandstartyourcampingtrip.C．Wewishtomakeourfamilytripunforgettableandenjoyable.D．Itiswisetohaveanaddedlayerofsafetyduringunseensituations.E．However,asexcitingascampingcanbe,safetymustcomefirst.F．Accidentscouldhappenoncampinggrounds,sopreparingitisessential.G．Itlightensparentalworkloadandgiveskidsownershipandcontribution.二、完形填空Decadesago,IreceivedaspecialassignmentfromthepoetRobertL.Hass,myundergraduateliteratureprofessor.Heinstructedeachstudentto21threepoemsfromTheNortonAnthologyofAmericanLiteratureandclaimed,“You’regoingtobealoneinthefuture,and22isgoingtobeallyouhave.”Thetaskseems23becausetheactofmemorizingapoemfeelsold-fashionedinanerawhenfewofusencounterpoetryatall.24,IbegantochangemyviewonatriptoSeattle.Forhours,Ireadnothingelsebutapoeminthe25.SometimesIspokeitslinesaloud,myvoice26bytheairplane’sthrum(轰鸣).SometimesI27thewholepoematonce,andsometimesI28asinglestanza(诗节)overandover.Bythetimemyplane29ontheWestCoast,Ihadmemorizedthewholething,all40linesofit,inmyhead.The30ofrepetitionreducedthegreatcharmithad.Butasyouwere31inthelines,theyfinallycametogetheragain,andthescattered(零散的)texttransformedbackintoa32,amorevaluableonethanithadbeenbefore.Poetrycontinuesitselfbybecomingapartofthosewhoreadit.SomepoemsI’vememorized33withme,alwaysvividandfresh.Memorizingpoetrywillnotmakeyourlife34,butitwillmakeyoumoreintouchwithlanguageandexpandourown35ofwhatweare.21.A．memorizeB．copyC．translateD．choose22.A．reportB．poetryC．collectionD．art23.A．urgentB．crucialC．complexD．strange24.A．HoweverB．OtherwiseC．BesidesD．Therefore25.A．trainB．boatC．flightD．car26.A．enhancedB．interruptedC．reflectedD．drowned27.A．passedthroughB．wentthroughC．cutthroughD．brokethrough28.A．wroteB．analyzedC．repeatedD．checked29.A．landedB．fellC．crashedD．departed30.A．purposeB．troubleC．wisdomD．boredom31.A．absorbedB．boredC．confidentD．nervous32.A．honourB．depressionC．treasureD．smile33.A．fightB．workC．debateD．stay34.A．healthierB．busierC．betterD．harder35.A．confidenceB．understandingC．creativityD．curiosity三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ZhangLanpinghasbeenteachingfor33yearsnow,but36makesherspecialisherpairofcrutches(拐杖).The37(courage)teacherfromGansuProvince38(suffer)frompoliomyelitis(小儿麻痹症),aninfectiousdisease,sinceshewasonlyoneyearold.Zhangisnotableto39(full)recoverandthereforehastousecrutchesfortherestofherlife.Thiscondition,however,hasnotweakenedZhang’sspirit.Asastudent,Zhangdevotedherselfto40(acquire)knowledge,whichshebelievedwouldmakeherasuccessfulteacher.Aftergraduation,Zhangapplied41(be)acollegeteacherbutfailedbecauseof42(she)physicaldisability.Zhangdidnotgiveup43wasacceptedasaprimaryschoolteacherinherhometowninGansuProvince,wheretherewasthenashortageofteachers.Forable-bodiedpeople,ittakesonlysix44(minute)toreachtheschoolfromherhome,butZhanghastospendonehourgoingtoherworkplaceusingcrutches.Zhang’seffortshavepaid45.Theacademicperformanceofherstudentsisamongthebestinthedistrict.四、书信写作46.假定你是李华，上周五你班在校园户外场地上了一节生物课，主题为“校园生物限时寻（CampusBioBlitz:LifeinOneHour）”，请你写封邮件和英国笔友Alan分享此次经历，内容包括：1．课堂过程；2．你的感想。参考词汇：生物organism放大镜magnifyingglass注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearAlan,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ThanksgivingDaywasjustaroundthecorner,andasafirst-gradeteacher,Iwasexcitedtogivemyclassaheartfelthomework:drawapictureofsomethingtheyweregratefulfor.Iexpectedtoseedrawingsofturkeysandpumpkinpictures,symbolsoftheholidaytheymightenjoy.Mostofthechildrendiddrawexactlythat—scenesoffeastsandfamilygatherings.Brightcoloursfilledtheirpages,showingsmilingfamiliesarounddinnertablesladenwithfood.Butamongthisfestiveatmosphere,therewasLucas,aquietandsadboywhooftenstayedbymysidewhileothersplayedatrecess(大课间).Lucaswasdifferentfromtheotherchildren.Hiseyes,alwaysfilledwithasadnessIcouldonlyguessat,seemedtocarrytheweightoftheworld.Ioftenfoundhimstandingclosetomeduringrecess,hissmallhandsometimesslippingintomineaswewatchedtheotherchildrenplay.