2025~2026学年甘肃兰州市第五十一中学第二学期期末考试高二英语试卷

2025~2026学年甘肃兰州市第五十一中学第二学期期末考试高二英语试卷一、阅读理解FourTopAudiobook(有声读物)AppsScribdIfyou’relookingtocombineyouraudiobooklisteningwithe-booksandnewspublications,Scribdmightbetheappforyou.Itsmassivelibraryincludesahealthybalanceoftraditionallypublishedbooks,bestsellers,andScribdoriginals.Scribdalsorunsanassociatedprogram,whichgivesyouonefreemonthforeveryfriendyouinvite,andgivesyourfriendatwo-monthtrial.Ifyou'reawriter,Scribdalsohasanopenpublishingplatformtohelpyouself-publishyouraudiobooksinminutes.KoboBooksBestknownasane-bookretailer,KoboBooksalsooffersaudiobooksonitsplatform.Yougetunlimitedaccesstoover100,000audiobooksinitslibraryforonlyafewdollars.Theappalsodoesagoodjoborganizingyourpurchasedbooks,anditsin-appstatisticsarebrilliantforreaders,knowingyourreadinghabitsindetail,whilesuggestingnewrecommendedtitlesbasedonyourhistory.eStoriesWithover120,000differenttypesofaudiobookstochoosefrom,eStoriesstartsoffwithahalf-priceofferforyourfirst3months,andthenswitchestoahigher-pricedsubscription.Membersgetdiscountedpricesonadditionalaudiobooksaswellasotherbenefitssuchasextracreditsandextendedperiodsofuse.Asamember,youalsoget30daystoreturnabookifyoudon’tlikeit.Additionally,theappprovidesunlimitedstorageforyourownaudiothatyoucanupload.LibbyLibbyletsyouborrowe-booksandaudiobooksfromyourlocallibrary.Alibrarymembershipletsyouaccessseveralthousandaudiobooksonitsappentirelyfreeofcost.Whiletheavailabilityoftitlesdependsonthelibraryyou'reamemberof,you’dstillbegettingfreeaccesstoalotofbooksthatyou’dotherwisehavetopayfor.Thecatchisthatsinceyou'retechnicallyborrowingthebooks,youonlyhavetwoweekstogetthroughthembeforethey'rereturned.Plus,itmustbenotedthatthisappisonlyoperationalinNorthAmerica.1.WhatisanadvantageofKoboBooks?

A．Ithelpssellthebooksyouhavealreadyread.B．Itadvertisesyourbooksonitsplatformregularly.C．Itrecommendsbooksbasedonyourreadinghabits.D．Itallowsyoutoreadbooksinitslibraryforfree.2.WhatprivilegedomembersofeStorieshave?

A．Extendingtheusetime.B．Exchangingextracredits.C．Gettingaudiobooksforfree.D．Returningbooksatanytime.3.Whichofthefollowinghasgeographicalrestrictions?

A．Scribd.B．KoboBooks.C．eStories.D．Libby.Iusedtothinkrecipeswerepromises.IfIfollowedeveryline,thecakewouldriseanddinnerwouldturnoutwell.Mygrandmotherwouldprobablyhavelaughedatthat.Shecookedfrommemoryandattention.“Stopwhenitlooksright,”shewouldsay.“Addflouruntilthedoughfeelssoftbutnotsticky.”Toachildwhowantedclearanswers,thissoundedalmostunfair.Yearslater,Icameacrossamedieval(中世纪的)recipeforsambocade,akindofcheesecake.Itgavenoexactmeasurements.Itsimplytoldthecooktomakeacrust,preparethecurds,addsugar,eggwhitesandelderflowers,andbakeit.Atfirst,Ifounditnearlyuseless.Howmuchsugar?Howmanyeggs?Howhotshouldtheovenbe?ThenIunderstood:therecipewasnotmeanttoteachabeginnerfromzero.Itwasmorelikeareminder,pointingbacktoknowledgelearnedbywatching,touching,smellingandtryingagain.Thatwashowmygrandmothercooked.Herownrecipeswereonlylistsofingredientskeptinanoldshoebox.Aftershedied,mymotherthrewtheboxaway,thinkingithadnovaluewithoutinstructions.Iunderstoodherchoice.Toanyoneelse,“flour,eggs,milk,sugar”washardlyarecipe.Yetsomethingwaslostwiththatbox—notcompleteknowledge,buttracesofawayofknowing.Today,weoftenexpectrecipestoprotectusfromuncertainty.Wewantgrams,minutesandtemperatures.Carefulmeasurementisuseful,ofcourse.Butcookingisnotonlymeasurement.Agoodcooknoticeswhenbutterbeginstosmellnutty,whendoughresiststhehand,andwhenacakeispaleenoughtoleavetheoven.Suchknowledgecannotbefullywrittendown.Itmustbepracticedintothebody.Now,wheneverIbake,Istillhearmygrandmother’squestion:“Isitpaleenoughyet?”Itisnotexactlyarule.Itisawayofpayingattention.4.Whydidtheauthoroncefindhergrandmother’sinstructions“almostunfair”?

A．Theysoundedtooold.B．Theylackedclearrules.C．Theychangedtoooften.D．Theyusedrareingredients.5.Whyisthemedievalrecipementioned?

A．Tointroduceadessert.B．Toquestionoldrecipes.C．Toshowasimilarstyle.D．Tocomparetwodishes.6.Whatdoestheshoeboxmainlyrepresent?

A．Lostfamilywealth.B．Completecookingrecords.C．Aforgottendessert.D．Knowledgethroughpractice.7.Whatistheauthor’sviewonrecipes?

A．Accuracyremovesuncertainty.B．Practicegivesrecipesmeaning.C．Oldrecipesworkbetter.D．Goodmemorymattersmost.HaveyoueverbeensurfingtheInternetonlytocomeacrosscontentthatseemsengineeredtomakeyouangry?Ifso,youmayhavefallenvictimto“ragebait(愤怒诱饵),”atermnamedasOxford’swordoftheyear.Theword“ragebait”sawitsusageincreasedsharplythroughout2025.Forsocialmediainfluencers,postingcontentintendedtoannoypeopleisnotwise,yetitoftenboostsengagementandincome.Algorithms(算法)arealsousedtotailorthecontentweseetowhatwearelikelytointeractwith,whichisn’tnecessarilysomethingpleasant.“Ifweseeacat,we’relike‘Oh,that’scute’andthat’sall,”marketingpodcasterAndréaJonesexplained,“Butifweseesomeonedoingsomethingannoying,wemaytypein‘Thisisterrible,’andthatsortofcommentisseenasahigh-qualityengagementbythealgorithm.”Whyisragebaitsoeffective?Foronething,wetendtopaymoreattentiontoasituationthathascausedangerthanonethathascreatedhappinesssinceactionneedstobetakentoresolveanissue,whilehappinesssuggeststhateverythingisOK.Foranother,typically,weusedtohavesomebreaksfromanything,oranyone,thatcausedusafeelingofrage.Thiswouldgiveusanopportunitytocalmdownandreflectonwhathadhappened.However,withthepopularityofsocialmedia,wecanpostcontentandimmediatelygetareply,non-stop24hoursadaysothatitcanfeellikewenolongerhavethatescape.Then,howcanwecopewithragebait?Anawarenessofthemotivationsbehindthesepostsisagoodplacetostart.Knowingthatmanypostsaredesignedtodriveengagementhelpsusreclaimourpoweroverthoseinteractions.Inaddition,wecaninfluenceandshapesocialmediathroughbothwhatwechoosetoengagewith,ornotengagewith.Themoreweavoidengagingwithanycontentthatcausesrageinus,thelessitwillbepresentedtous.8.Whichofthefollowingmightbe“ragebait”?

A．Anewsreportaboutalocalfestival.B．Aphotoofasnow-cappedmountain.C．Avideofeaturingfamousmusicians’performance.D．Apostclaimingsimpleexercisescurealldiseases.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromAndréaJones’sremarks?

A．Influencersusuallyavoidannoyingcontent.B．Ragebaitisreplacingallpositivecontent.C．Positivepostsareneverinteractedwith.D．Algorithmsmayrewardragebait.10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thatescape”inparagraph3referto?

A．Theemergenceofragebait.B．Thechancetoreplyimmediately.C．Abreakfromanger-causingcontent.D．Continuousexposuretosocialmedia.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．Happiness:AForgottenOnlineFeelingB．Algorithms:TheHiddenRulesoftheInternetC．RageBait:WhyItWorksandHowtoResistItD．EngineeredAnger:HowWordoftheYearAppearedClimatechangeiscausingrisingtemperaturesandextremeweatherevents.WhatiftherewereawaytocoolEarthbyreflectingtheSun?In2022,theUScompanyMakeSunsetsreleasedtwoweatherballoonsaboveBajaCaliforniainMexico.Theseballoons,whenreachingacertainheight,burstopen,spreadingsulfurdioxideparticles(二氧化硫颗粒)acrossthesky,thuscreatingabrightmistintheskythatreflectssunlight.AsimilarweatherballoontestflightwaslaunchedintheUK.Thismethodbelongstosolargeoengineering,aprocessofbouncingsunlightbackintospace.Otherapproachesincludeinstallingreflectorsonsatellites,thoughthesearemoretechnicallycomplex.Inaworldofrisingtemperatures,dimmingtheSunisanimmediatewaytocooltheplanet.LukeIseman,thefounderofMakeSunsets,claimsthatwithoutsolargeoengineeringtherearenootherrealisticchoicestostaybelow2℃,beyondwhichmanyeffectsofclimatechangewillbeirreversible(不可逆转).Studieshaveconfirmeditseffectiveness:a2022Yalestudysuggestedreflectingsunlightcouldslowsea-levelriseandhelprestorepolarice.Financially,itisalsomorepossible:theestimatedannualcostisaround$10billion,farlowerthanthetrillionsofdollarsrequiredforafullglobaltransitiontorenewableenergy.However,over380scientistsworldwidehaveopposedthetechnology.Somewarnthatinterferingwiththeweathermaydisruptrainfallpatterns,triggeringdroughtsinsomeregionsandfloodsinothers.Sinceitseffectsarenotlimitedtoparticipatingnations,conflictsbetweencountriescouldarise.Additionally,expertsarguethatitmightencouragepolluterstocontinueburningfossilfuels.Thereisalsoconcernaboutlong-termmaintenance:ifsolargeoengineeringisstoppedsuddenly,Earthcouldfaceasharptemperaturesurge,severelyharmingwildlife.Givenitspotentialbenefitsandsignificantrisks,solargeoengineeringrequirescautiousevaluation.Governments,scientists,andglobalorganizationsshouldcooperatetoconductthoroughresearch,assessitslong-termimpacts,andestablishstrictregulatoryframeworksbeforeanylarge-scaleimplementation.12.WhatisthefunctionoftheballoonsreleasedbyMakeSunsets?

A．Toabsorbsulfurdioxideparticles.B．Toformasunlight-reflectingmist.C．Tomonitorextremeweatherchanges.D．Tohelpinstallsunlightreflectors.13.What’stheadvantageofsolargeoengineeringoverrenewableenergytransitionaccordingtothetext?

A．Itismoreaffordable.B．Itismoreeco-friendly.C．Itiseasiertocarryout.D．Itismoreaccessible.14.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4aboutsolargeoengineering?

A．Itmayreducetheuseofoil.B．Itmaycausedamagetosatellites.C．Itmainlybenefitsnationsinvolved.D．Itmayaffectrainfalldistribution.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetodimmingtheSun?

A．Supportive.B．Opposed.C．Objective.D．Doubtful.HowtoChooseYourPurpose-FilledCareerWhenyouthinkaboutchoosingacareer,youoftendoitinthefollowingtwoways.Thinkaboutwhatyouliketodo.Ifyoulikewritingordoingcrafts,youmightconsiderthesethings.Thisisnotabadwaytogo,ofcourse,butyoucan’talwaysmakemoneydoingthingsyoulike(likevideogamesordrinkingbeer).16Thinkaboutawell-paidjobthatyoucandoanddoesn’tsoundsobad.17Ormaybethat’soutofyoureducationalreach,soyouchooseofficeorretailworker.Theseareallgreatchoices.Butoftentheyarenotsomethingyou’rereallypassionateabout.It’skindoflikejustdoingsomethingbecauseit’sthere——notveryinspired.18Trytodosomethingtoserveacommunityormaketheworldbetter.Forexample,takingcareofchildren,becauseyoureallywanttohelpchildrengetagreatstartinlife,orblossomintowhotheywanttobeorgettingintogovernmentorsocialworktoimprovetheconditionsofthecommunityyouliveinorbecomingascientisttohelpeasetheenvironmentalcrisisorfindacureforaterribledisease.19Andifyouchooseoneofthemforthatpurpose,youwillserveinthatworkfeelingasenseofpurposeeachday.20Thepointisn’thowyouservetheworld,butjustservingtheworldinsomewaywillhelpyoufeelfilledwithpurpose.Ifyouchooseapurposefulandenjoyablejob,you’realwaysfurtheralongthanmostpeople.

A．Thereareendlesswaystodothat.B．Maybeadoctor,engineerorlawyer?C．However,there’sanotherwaythatisperhapsbetter.D．Youaredreamingofawell-paidjobwhichyoulikebest.E．It’sessentialnottoconcentrateoninterestsandgoodpayment.F．Eachoftheseisjustoneofmanypossibilitiesfilledwithpurpose.G．Andsometimesthingsyoulikearebetterasahobbyorsidepassion.二、完形填空Inthe1980s,IfirstencounteredtaichiinDundonaldPark.Iwatchedpeoplemoveinlooseformationatanunhurriedpace.The21oftheirmovementswaslikeawaterlily(睡莲)openinginslowmotion.Ifoundtaichias22,butIcouldn’tseeitspoint.Idefinedfitness23andstrength.Movingslowlydidnotbuildmuscles,soIchoseto24myselffromthepractice.Still,the25stayedwithme,aseedplanted.Afterretirement,withadoctor’s26,Ireturnedtothatpark,nolongerawatcherbutinsidethegroup,awkwardlymovingtowardthegrowthonceseededlongago.Myearly27werediscouraging.Ijoinedoneclass,thenleft;joinedanother,and28,failingtocompletetheroutines.Iassumedthatmasteringtaichimeantmemorizingallthe29.ButIsoonlearnedotherwise:Whatneededmasteringweremyownhabits—impatience,resistancetocorrection.Everythingchangedinmyfirstexpert-ledclass.Surroundedbyadvanced30,Ifeltlikeabeginnerwhentheinstructor31singledmeoutforinstruction.Embarrassed,Ilistenedattentively,watchedcloselyand32mybodytomovebycopyinghim.Ultimately,thisfocushelped33myembarrassment.Inthatinstant,myemotion34,fromembarrassmenttoempowerment.Ilearnednotjustamove,butapatientandopenwayofbeing.Ibecamethatlilyunfolding,awakenednotbyforce,butbythis35martialart.21.A．orderB．powerC．graceD．precision22.A．reliableB．fascinatingC．familiarD．strange23.A．flexibilityB．toleranceC．balanceD．speed24.A．distanceB．protectC．isolateD．free25.A．answerB．responseC．presenceD．image26.A．treatmentB．recommendationC．assessmentD．announcement27.A．observationsB．memoriesC．attemptsD．mistakes28.A．struggledB．hesitatedC．panickedD．followed29.A．positionsB．settingsC．rulesD．moves30.A．instructorsB．learnersC．athletesD．performers31.A．reluctantlyB．casuallyC．unexpectedlyD．briefly32.A．willedB．trainedC．urgedD．allowed33.A．hideawayB．bringaboutC．buildupD．crowdout34.A．settledB．shiftedC．progressedD．softened35.A．traditionalB．demandingC．gentleD．complex三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ScientistsinShanghaihavemadeabreakthroughinproteindesignbyfullyusingartificialintelligence,establishingtheworld’s36(large)proteinsequence(次序)datasetanddevelopingmodelsthatallowfortargetedchangeandchoiceofproteinswithspecificfunctions.Accordingtoresearchers,theadvancementhasthepotentialtogreatlyreducethetimeandcost37(involve)inindustrialproteinmodification(改进).Proteinsplaykeyrolesinindustries38(range)frommedicinetogreenmanufacturing.However,naturalproteinsoftenrequiremodificationtobearenvironmental39(factor)suchastemperatureshiftsandaciditylevels.40(traditional),modifyingproteinsrequiredthousandsoftrial-and-errorexperiments,acostlyandtime-consumingprocess.Theteam’sapproachchangesthisbyreplacingtrialanderror41AI-powereddesign,cuttingtheresearchanddevelopmenttimelinefromtwotofiveyearstoaslittleassixmonths.Theirtechnologyenablesaccuratechanges42(improve)certainqualitiessuchasstrongheatresistanceandabilitytoresistdigestion.43breakthroughhasalreadybeenindustrializedalongsideautomatedequipment,makingproteindesignmoreproductive.AtthecoreoftheresearchistheVenus-ProteinOutsizeDatabase,44containsmorethan9billionproteinsequencescoveringawiderangeoforganisms.Thedataset45(include)3.62billionproteinsequencesfromland-basedmicrobes,2.94billionproteinsequencesfromoceanmicrobes,2.43billionantibodyproteinsequences,and60millionviralproteinsequences.46.Despitehisoldage,heremains46(energy)andspendsmostofhistimevolunteeringforcommunityservices.(所给词的适当形式填空)47.She47(accident)brokethevasewhilecleaningtheshelf.(所给词的适当形式填空)48.48(science)advancesinartificialintelligencehaveraisedbothhopesandconcernsamongexperts.(所给词的适当形式填空)49.The49(consume)offossilfuelshasledtoaseriesofenvironmentalproblemsthatrequireimmediatesolutions.(所给词的适当形式填空)50.Thefilmisan50(adapt)ofaclassicnovelsetinthe19thcentury.(所给词的适当形式填空)51.Intoday’smarket,businessesmustbe51(compete)tosurviveandthrive.(所给词的适当形式填空)52.The52(combine)oftheoryandpracticeisessentialformasteringaskill.(所给词的适当形式填空)53.All53(participate)intheworkshopwillreceiveacertificateofcompletion.(所给词的适当形式填空