2026中国石化专业技术人员外语水平考试（综合）历年参考题库含答案详解

2026中国石化专业技术人员外语水平考试（综合）历年参考题库含答案详解一、选择题从给出的选项中选择正确答案（共100题）1、Choosethecorrectwordtocompletethesentence:Thepetrochemicalplanthasbeen_extensiverenovationsoverthepastthreemonths.A.undergoingB.undergoinglyC.undergoneD.undergo2、Selectthebestanswer:Whichofthefollowingwordsisasynonymfor"mitigate"inthecontextofenvironmentalprotection?A.IntensifyB.AlleviateC.ComplicateD.Eliminate3、Choosethecorrectoption:Bythetimethenewregulationscomeintoeffect,thecompany_thenecessaryequipmentforanothertwoyears.A.willhaveinstalledB.willinstallC.hasinstalledD.hadinstalled4、Whichsentenceisgrammaticallycorrect?A.Thedatashowsthatemissionshasdecreasedsignificantly.B.Thedatashowthatemissionshavedecreasedsignificantly.C.Thedatashowthatemissionhasdecreasedsignificantly.D.Thedatasshowthatemissionshavedecreasedsignificantly.5、Whatdoestheword"sustainable"mostlikelymeaninthephrase"sustainabledevelopment"?A.CapableofbeingsustainedormaintainedoveralongperiodB.RelatingtosustainablefuelsonlyC.Temporaryandshort-termD.Relatedtoimmediateprofits6、Choosethecorrectpreposition:Thechemistisresponsible_monitoringthequalityoftherefinedproducts.A.forB.ofC.withD.about7、Selectthewordthatbestcompletesthesentence:Theengineerproposedanovelapproachto_thecorrosionprobleminthepipelinesystem.A.tackleB.totackleC.tacklingD.tackled8、Whichofthefollowingsentencesusesthecorrectformoftheverb?A.Neitherthemanagernorthetechnicianswereawareoftheissue.B.Neitherthemanagernorthetechnicianswasawareoftheissue.C.Neitherthemanagernorthetechnicianshasawareoftheissue.D.Neitherthemanagernorthetechniciansareawareoftheissue.9、Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinthesentence:"Therefinery'soutputcapacityhasbeensubstantiallyincreased"?A.ExtremelyB.SlightlyC.considerablyD.Seldom10、Choosetheappropriateword:Duetothe_natureofthechemicalprocess,strictsafetyprotocolsmustbefollowedatalltimes.A.volatileB.stableC.gentleD.ordinary11、Identifythesentencethatcontainsanerror:A.Thesupervisorinsistedthattheworkerswearprotectivegear.B.Thereportindicatesthatthepollutionlevelaredeclining.C.Shehasbeenworkinginthelaboratorysince2019.D.Thecommitteeisreviewingtheproposedchangestotheprocedure.12、Whichwordbestreplacestheunderlinedpart:"Thecompanywillendeavortoreduceitscarbonfootprint."A.tryB.manageC.happenD.continue13、Choosethecorrectarticleusage:_advancedtechnologyhasrevolutionizedthepetrochemicalindustryinrecentyears.A.AB.AnC.TheD.Noarticleneeded14、Whatistheantonymof"obsolete"inthecontextofindustrialequipment?A.OutdatedB.ModernC.AncientD.Expired15、Selectthecorrectresponse:"Theemissionshavedroppedby30%comparedtolastyear.Thatis_newsfortheenvironmentaldepartment."A.encouragingB.encouragedC.encourageD.encouragement16、Whichsentenceisclosestinmeaningto:"Itisessentialthateveryemployeefollowthesafetyguidelines."A.Everyemployeeshouldfollowthesafetyguidelines.B.Everyemployeemustfollowsthesafetyguidelines.C.Itisnecessaryforeveryemployeefollowsthesafetyguidelines.D.Everyemployeemayfollowthesafetyguidelines.17、Choosethebestword:Thenew_methodhasimprovedproductionefficiencyby40%.A.refinementB.refiningC.refinedD.refines18、Whatdoes"upstream"refertointhepetroleumindustry?A.TheprocessofsellingpetroleumproductstoconsumersB.ActivitiesrelatedtoexplorationandproductionofcrudeoilC.ThetransportationofgoodsbyriverD.Theadministrativemanagementofacompany19、Selectthecorrectpassivevoiceform:Thenewpipeline_bytheengineeringteamnextmonth.A.willbeinspectedB.willinspectC.isinspectedD.hasinspected20、Whichconjunctionbestcompletesthesentence:_thetechnologyhasimprovedsignificantly,safetyincidentshavenotdecreasedproportionally.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.SinceD.As21、Hehasbeenworkinginthepetrochemicalindustryforovertwentyyearsandhasmaderemarkablecontributionstofieldofprocesssafety.A.heB.hisC.himD.himself22、Bythetimethenewrefiningunitcommissioned,thecompanyexpectstoincreaseitsoutputbythirtypercent.A.isB.willbeC.wasD.has23、Theengineersuggestedthatthesafetyvalveimmediatelytopreventanypotentialleakage.A.beinspectedB.isinspectedC.wasinspectedD.inspect24、Whichofthefollowingwordsbestcompletesthesentence:"Thecatalystsignificantlyimprovestheofthechemicalreaction"?A.efficiencyB.effectC.effectiveD.efficiently25、Thereportbytheresearchteamlastweekrevealsthatemissionlevelshavedroppedbyfifteenpercentcomparedwiththepreviousyear.A.completedB.completingC.tocompleteD.beingcompleted26、Notonlytheprojectonschedule,buttheyalsocompleteditunderbudget.A.didtheyfinishB.theyfinishedC.theyhavefinishedD.theyhadfinished27、Theplantmanagerinsistedthatallworkersprotectiveequipmentbeforeenteringtheproductionarea.A.wearB.woreC.wearingD.towear28、PleasefillintheapplicationformandreturnittotheHRdepartmentbeforeFriday.A.infullB.intotalC.ingeneralD.incommon29、Thesimulationofthechemicalprocessbyourcomputersystemcanpredicttemperatureandpressurechangeswithhighaccuracy.A.performedB.performingC.toperformD.havingperformed30、Neitherthesupervisornorthetechniciansresponsibleforthemalfunctionofthedistillationcolumn.A.isB.areC.wasD.hasbeen31、Thecompanyhasinvestedheavilyinresearchanddevelopment,resulthasbeenaseriesofbreakthroughpatents.A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.what32、Itisessentialthateveryoperatorthe操作规程beforeoperatingthehigh-pressureequipment.A.masterB.mastersC.masteredD.mastering33、Thechemicalplantneartheriverhasbeentodischargewastewaterwithoutpropertreatmentforyears.A.accusedB.blamedC.chargedD.scolded34、Theofnewcatalystshasgreatlyimprovedtheyieldandreducedenergyconsumptioninourrefinery.A.inventionB.discoveryC.developmentD.finding35、Hadthealarmsystemproperly,theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.A.beenmaintainedB.maintainedC.maintainingD.tomaintain36、Thetrainingprogramisdesignedtoemployeeswiththeknowledgeandskillsneededfortheirpositions.A.equipB.provideC.supplyD.offer37、Thedatacollectedfromthefieldtestconsistentwiththetheoreticalpredictionsmadebytheengineeringmodel.A.proveB.provedC.provingD.toprove38、thestrictsafetyregulationsarefollowed,theriskofaccidentscanbeeffectivelycontrolled.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.AswellasD.Assoonas39、Themaintenanceschedulerequiresthateachpieceofequipmentcheckedatleastonceeveryquarter.A.beB.isC.wasD.hasbeen40、Whichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallycorrect?A.Thecompanyhasbeenexpandeditsoperationssince2020.B.Thecompanyhasexpandeditsoperationssince2020.C.Thecompanyhaveexpandeditsoperationssince2020.D.Thecompanyhadbeingexpandeditsoperationssince2020.41、Thepetrochemicalplant_asignificantreductioninemissionsoverthepastdecade.A.achievesB.achievedC.hasachievedD.willachieve42、Choosethemostappropriatewordtofillintheblank:Thenewtechnologyhasmadeit_toprocessrawmaterialsmoreefficiently.A.possibleB.possiblyC.possibilityD.impossibility43、Ifthetemperature_toohigh,thechemicalreactionmaybecomeunstable.A.risesB.roseC.willriseD.hasrisen44、Whichsentenceusesthecorrectrelativeclausestructure?A.Theengineerwhoworksinourplanthaswonmanyawards.B.Theengineerwhichworksinourplanthaswonmanyawards.C.Theengineerwhomworksinourplanthaswonmanyawards.D.Theengineerwhoseworksinourplanthaswonmanyawards.45、Theverb"develop"inthecontextofthepetrochemicalindustrymostlikelymeans:A.todesignandbuildsomethingnewB.totakephotographsfromfilmC.tobecomelessimportantD.toremoveclothing46、Themanagerinsistedthatallsafetyprocedures_strictlybeforeproductionresumes.A.arefollowedB.befollowedC.werefollowedD.willbefollowed47、Selectthesentencethatcorrectlyusesthecomparativeform:A.Thisnewequipmentismoreefficientthantheoldone.B.Thisnewequipmentismostefficientthantheoldone.C.Thisnewequipmentisefficienterthantheoldone.D.Thisnewequipmentisthemostefficientoftheoldone.48、Theword"sustainable"inenvironmentalcontextsisclosestinmeaningto:A.capableofbeingmaintainedatacertainrateorlevelB.causingpermanentdamagetoecosystemsC.producinglargeamountsofwasteD.requiringconstanthumanintervention49、Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectpassivevoicetransformationof"Thelaboratoryteststhesampleseveryday"?A.Thesamplesaretestedbythelaboratoryeveryday.B.Thesamplesweretestedbythelaboratoryeveryday.C.Thesampleshavebeentestedbythelaboratoryeveryday.D.Thesamplesistestedbythelaboratoryeveryday.50、Theprefix"re-"in"recycle"means:A.again;oncemoreB.against;oppositeC.not;withoutD.before;infrontof51、Choosethesentencewiththecorrectuseofarticles:A.ThepetrochemicalindustryplaysvitalroleinChina'seconomy.B.ThepetrochemicalindustryplaysavitalroleinChina'seconomy.C.PetrochemicalindustryplaysavitalroleintheChina'seconomy.D.ThepetrochemicalindustryplaysthevitalroleinChinaeconomy.52、Theterm"refinery"inthepetrochemicalcontextrefersto:A.afacilitythatprocessescrudeoilintousableproductsB.alaboratorythatanalyzeswaterqualityC.acenterfortrainingtechnicalpersonnelD.astoragewarehouseforfinishedgoods53、Neitherthesupervisornortheengineers_awareofthepotentialrisksinvolved.A.wasB.wereC.isD.hasbeen54、Theadjective"hazardous"isbestdefinedas:A.involvingorcausingdangerorriskB.relatedtochemicalreactionsC.extremelylargeinscaleD.difficulttounderstandoranalyze55、Identifythesentencethatcontainsanerror:A.Thenewpipelinehasbeenconstructedtotransportchemicalssafely.B.Accordingtothereport,emissionshavedecreasedby30percent.C.Eachoftheworkersintheplanthavecompletedthesafetytraining.D.Thedatacollectedfromtheexperimentprovesthetheoryiscorrect.56、Theword"optimize"inindustrialapplicationsmeans:A.tomakesomethingaseffectiveorfunctionalaspossibleB.toreducethesizeofamachineC.toincreasethecostofproductionD.todelaythecompletionofaproject57、Selectthebestconjunctiontocompletethesentence:_thefactoryimplementednewenvironmentalmeasures,airqualityhasimprovedsignificantly.A.SinceB.AlthoughC.HoweverD.Despite58、Inthesentence"Theprocessrequirescarefulmonitoring,"theword"requires"canbestbereplacedby:A.needsB.createsC.producesD.destroys59、Whatisthefunctionofthesubjunctivemoodinthesentence"Itisessentialthateachoperator_safetygearatalltimes"?A.ToexpressarequirementornecessityB.TodescribeahabitualactionC.ToindicateapasteventD.Tostateafactualobservation60、Hethetechnicalmanualbeforeoperatingthenewequipmentintherefinery.A.readsB.hasreadC.willreadD.hadread61、Thecompanyplanstoanewtrainingprogramforalltechnicalstaffthisyear.A.launchB.launchforC.launchingD.launched62、theprojectaheadofschedule,theteamworkedovertimeeverynight.A.CompletingB.CompletedC.TocompleteD.Beingcompleted63、Thesupervisoraskedustosubmitthereportbytheendofthisweek,butwecouldn'tfinishitontime.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when64、Ifthemachineabnormalnoiseagain,pleasecontactthemaintenancedepartmentimmediately.A.makesB.madeC.willmakeD.ismaking65、Theengineerhasbeenworkinginthepetrochemicalindustryforovertenyearsandpossessesrichexperience.A.hasworkB.haveworkedC.hasworkedD.hadworked66、Thesafetyregulationsstrictlyinallproductionareastoensureworkers'safety.A.mustobserveB.mustbeobservedC.canobserveD.couldbeobserved67、thetechnicaldatacarefully,theresearcherfoundanerrorintheexperiment.A.AnalyzingB.AnalyzedC.ToanalyzeD.Beinganalyzed68、Thecompanywillinvestfivemillionyuantoupgradetheoldproductionlinenextmonth.A.willinvestB.investedC.hasinvestedD.hadinvested69、Themanagerremindedusthatwewearprotectivegearintheworkshop.A.canB.couldC.mustD.might70、Thenewequipmentrequiresregularmaintenancetwiceamonth.A.todoB.doingC.doneD.tobedone71、theweatheristerrible,theconstructionworkhastobepostponed.A.SinceB.BecauseofC.AsaresultD.Despite72、Thecompanyhasestablishedanewdepartmenttechnicaltrainingforemployees.A.responsibilityB.responsibleC.toberesponsibleD.beingresponsible73、Thesupervisortheoperationprocesstoallnewstaffyesterday.A.explainedB.explainsC.hasexplainedD.hadexplained74、Thetestresultsshowedthatoursafetymeasureswerenotenough.A.effectiveB.effectivelyC.effectD.effects75、Theequipmentneedsonceamonthtoensurenormaloperation.A.checkingB.tocheckC.checkedD.bechecked76、Thecompanywillimplementanewsafetysystemtheworkshopnextweek.A.inB.onC.atD.to77、Thetechnicaldatacarefullybeforesubmittingthereporttothemanager.A.shouldanalyzeB.shouldbeanalyzedC.cananalyzeD.mustanalyze78、Themanagerremindedusthatwestrictlyfollowthesafetyregulationsintheworkshop.A.canB.couldC.mustD.might79、选择下列划线部分发音与其他三项不同的单词。A.engineB.citizenC.foreignD.language80、Heinsistedthattheproblemrefertoanyoneelse.A.notbereferredB.shouldn'treferC.notreferredD.wouldn'tbereferred81、inthecenterofthecity,thenewlibraryattractsthousandsofvisitorseveryday.A.LocateB.LocatedC.TolocateD.Havinglocated82、ThemanagerdemandedthatallthereportsbeforeFriday.A.mustbesubmittedB.besubmittedC.willbesubmittedD.aresubmitted83、Bythetimewearrivedatthestation,thetrain.A.alreadyleftB.hadalreadyleftC.hasalreadyleftD.alreadyleaves84、Thecompanyiscommittedtoenvironmentalprotectionandsustainabledevelopment.A.promoteB.promotingC.promotedD.promotion85、theheavyrain,manyflightswerecancelledyesterday.A.BecauseB.DuetoC.SinceD.As86、Theengineerpointedoutthatthebridgeeveryfiveyearsformaintenance.A.isinspectedB.wasinspectedC.hasbeeninspectedD.willinspect87、Neithertheworkersnorthemanagerawareofthesafetyregulations.A.wasB.wereC.areD.havebeen88、Itisessentialthatpropersafetymeasuresbeforetheprojectbegins.A.aretakenB.betakenC.weretakenD.havebeentaken89、Thenewtechnologyhasasignificantimprovementinproductionefficiency.A.resultedB.broughtC.ledD.caused90、Thescientistdevotedmostofhislifetoexperimentsinthelaboratory.A.conductB.conductingC.conductedD.beconducted91、Hadthegovernmenttakenactionearlier,thepollutionproblemnow.A.wouldnotbeB.wouldnothavebeenC.willnotbeD.shouldnotbe92、Thedocumentbytheendofthismonthmustbesubmittedtothedepartment.A.tocompleteB.completedC.completingD.beingcompleted93、ThemanagersuggestedthatthemeetinguntilnextMonday.A.bepostponedB.waspostponedC.wouldbepostponedD.ispostponed94、fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautifulinspring.A.SeeingB.SeenC.ToseeD.Beingseen95、Thecontractstatesthatallemployeestofollowthecompany'ssafetyguidelines.A.requiresB.isrequiredC.arerequiredD.required96、SheexpressedthehopeshecouldvisitChinanextyear.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what97、Theprofessorexplainedthatlightmuchfasterthansound.A.travelsB.traveledC.hastraveledD.istraveling98、Thecommitteeagreedtoimplementthenewpolicy,itwilltakeeffectnextquarter.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when99、Thecompanyhas_anewpolicytoimproveworkplacesafetystandardsacrossalldepartments.A.implementedB.implementedlyC.implementationD.implementing100、Employeesareexpectedto_theirperformancereviewsattheendofeachfiscalquarter.A.completeB.completedC.completingD.completion

参考答案及解析1.【参考答案】A【解析】句意为"石化厂过去三个月一直在进行大规模改造"。"undergo"为动词，表示"经历、经受"，此处需要用现在完成进行时态"hasbeenundergoing"，表示动作从过去开始并持续到现在。B项"undergoingly"不是正确副词形式；C项"undergone"是过去分词，不能与"hasbeen"连用构成进行时；D项"undergo"是动词原形，不符合时态要求。因此选A。2.【参考答案】B【解析】句意为"在环境保护的语境中，下列哪个词是'mitigate'的同义词？Mitigate"意为"减轻、缓解"，与"alleviate"（减轻、缓解）意思相近。A项"intensify"意为"加强、加剧"，是反义词；C项"complicate"意为"使复杂化"，不符合语义；D项"eliminate"意为"消除、消灭"，程度过强。因此选B。3.【参考答案】A【解析】句意为"到新规生效时，公司将已经安装好必要设备两年了"。"Bythetime+一般现在时"引导的时间状语从句中，主句需用将来完成时"willhavedone"结构，表示在将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作。B项为一般将来时，不符合语境；C项为现在完成时，时态错误；D项为过去完成时，时间参照点错误。因此选A。4.【参考答案】B【解析】"Data"作为复数名词时，谓语动词需用复数形式，"thedatashow"正确，A项用了单数动词"has"错误；"emissions"指排放物，通常用复数形式，D项"datas"是错误拼写；C项"emission"用单数不够准确，因为此处泛指各类排放物。B项主谓一致且用词准确，因此选B。5.【参考答案】A【解析】"Sustainable"意为"可持续的"，指能够长期维持或持续的状态。在"sustainabledevelopment"（可持续发展）这一固定表达中，强调的是经济、社会和环境的长期协调发展。B项范围过窄；C项与词义相反；D项强调短期利润，与可持续发展理念相悖。因此选A。6.【参考答案】A【解析】"beresponsiblefor"是固定搭配，意为"对……负责"，后接名词或动名词。B项"of"不与"responsible"搭配；C项"with"虽可与"beresponsible"连用，但含义侧重"与……一起负责"，不符合此处语境；D项"about"不与"responsible"搭配使用。因此选A。7.【参考答案】A【解析】"to"在此处是动词"approach"的宾语所修饰的不定式标记，而非介词。但句中"approach"作名词，后接不定式作定语，即"anovelapproachtotackle..."表示"一种解决……的新方法"。此处"to"为不定式符号，后接动词原形。若理解为介词则用tackling，但根据习惯搭配"approachtodosth"表示做某事的方法，选A更合适。8.【参考答案】A【解析】"Neither...nor..."连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，即与最近的主语保持一致。"thetechnicians"为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式"were"。B项用了单数动词"was"错误；C项"hasaware"语法错误，aware是形容词不能与have/has构成完成时；D项"areaware"时态与句意不符，此处叙述过去情况应用过去时。因此选A。9.【参考答案】C【解析】"substantially"意为"实质性地、大幅度地"，与"considerably"（相当大地、显著地）意思最接近。A项"extremely"意为"极其"，程度比substantially更强；B项"slightly"意为"轻微地"，与词义相反；D项"seldom"意为"很少"，含义完全不同。因此选C。10.【参考答案】A【解析】句意为"由于化工过程的_性质，必须始终遵守严格的安全规程"。根据后半句"严格安全规程"的提示，此处应填入表示"危险的、不稳定的"的词。"volatile"意为"易挥发的、不稳定的、易变的"，符合语境。B项"stable"意为"稳定的"，与安全要求无必然联系；C项"gentle"意为"温和的"；D项"ordinary"意为"普通的"，均不符合语境。因此选A。11.【参考答案】B【解析】B项中"pollutionlevel"为单数主语，谓语动词应使用单数形式"is"而非"are"，存在主谓不一致的错误。A项使用了虚拟语气"insistedthatsb(should)do"，用法正确；C项现在完成进行时表示从过去持续到现在的动作，用法正确；D项主谓一致，时态使用恰当。因此选B。12.【参考答案】A【解析】"endeavor"意为"努力、尽力"，与"try"（努力、尝试）意思最为接近。B项"manage"意为"管理、设法做到"，侧重点不同；C项"happen"意为"发生"，含义完全不同；D项"continue"意为"继续"，与endeavor词义有差距。因此选A。13.【参考答案】D【解析】句意为"近年来，先进技术在石化行业引起了革命性变化"。"advancedtechnology"为不可数名词短语，且此处表示泛指概念，不需要加冠词。A项"a"用于可数名词单数前；B项"an"同样用于可数名词单数前，但"technology"不可数；C项"the"用于特指，而句中并非特指某一种技术。因此选D。14.【参考答案】B【解析】"Obsolete"意为"过时的、淘汰的"，其反义词应为表示"现代的、新式的"的词。B项"modern"意为"现代的"，与obsolete构成反义关系。A项"outdated"意为"过时的"，是近义词；C项"ancient"意为"古老的"，程度过强；D项"expired"意为"过期的"，多用于食品或合同等，不适用于设备。因此选B。15.【参考答案】A【解析】句意为"排放量比去年下降了30%"，"这对环保部门来说是_消息"。此处需要形容词修饰"news"，"encouraging"意为"令人鼓舞的"，符合语境。B项"encouraged"是过去分词，表示被鼓励的状态，不能修饰消息；C项"encourage"是动词原形；D项"encouragement"是名词，不能直接作定语修饰news。因此选A。16.【参考答案】A【解析】原句使用了"itisessentialthat+虚拟语气"结构，表示"……是必要的"，含义与"must/should"相近。A项"shouldfollow"表达的建议含义与原句最为接近；B项"mustfollows"存在主谓不一致错误，应为"mustfollow"；C项语法错误，应为"foreveryemployeetofollow"；D项"may"表示允许，语气太弱，不符合原意。因此选A。17.【参考答案】A【解析】句意为"新的_方法使生产效率提高了40%"。"refinement"为名词，意为"精炼、提纯"，可作定语修饰"method"，构成"refinementmethod"（精炼方法）。B项"refining"虽也可作定语，但"refinementmethod"更为规范；C项"refined"是形容词，意为"精炼过的"，修饰的是方法本身而非方法类型；D项"refines"是动词第三人称单数，不能作定语。因此选A。18.【参考答案】B【解析】在石油工业中，"upstream"指油气勘探和开采环节，即从寻找油藏到将原油开采出来的整个过程。A项描述的是下游销售环节；C项是对"upstream"字面意思的误解；D项与管理相关，不符合行业术语含义。石油工业通常分为上游（勘探开采）、中游（运输）和下游（炼制销售）三大板块。因此选B。19.【参考答案】A【解析】句意为"新管道将在下个月由工程团队进行检查"。"nextmonth"表明动作将发生在将来，且主语"thenewpipeline"是动作的承受者，需用将来时的被动语态"willbe+过去分词"。A项"willbeinspected"符合要求；B项为主动语态；C项为一般现在时被动语态；D项为现在完成时主动语态，主语也不能发出"inspect"的动作。因此选A。20.【参考答案】A【解析】句意为"尽管技术已显著改进，但安全事故并未成比例下降"。前后分句之间存在转折关系，应用让步状语从句连词"although"（虽然、尽管）引导。B项"because"、C项"since"、D项"as"均表示因果关系，与句意逻辑不符。因此选A。21.【参考答案】B【解析】此处考查代词用法。空格位于名词field之前，应使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，his符合语境且指代前文主语He，故选B。22.【参考答案】A【解析】本句考查时间状语从句的时态用法。bythetime引导的时间状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，被动语态结构为is+过去分词，故选A。23.【参考答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。suggest意为"建议"时，其后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，结构为should+动词原形，should可省略，故选A。24.【参考答案】A【解析】空格前有定冠词the，需填名词作improves的宾语。efficiency意为"效率"，符合句意；effect为"效果"但侧重结果而非效率；effective为形容词；efficiently为副词，故选A。25.【参考答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词作定语。report与complete之间为被动关系，且lastweek表明动作已完成，故用过去分词completed作后置定语，相当于whichwascompleted，故选A。26.【参考答案】A【解析】考查倒装句。notonly置于句首时，句子需部分倒装，将助动词提前。根据butalso句中的alsocompleted可知为一般过去时，故倒装结构为didtheyfinish，选A。27.【参考答案】A【解析】考查insist后宾语从句的虚拟语气。insist表示"坚持要求"时，后接宾语从句需用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可省略，故选A。28.【参考答案】A【解析】考查固定短语辨析。infull意为"完整地、全部地"，符合"完整填写表格"的语境；intotal意为"总共"；ingeneral意为"总的来说"；incommon意为"共有"，故选A。29.【参考答案】A【解析】考查过去分词作定语。simulation与perform之间为被动关系，且动作已发生，应用过去分词performed作后置定语修饰simulation，意为"由计算机系统执行的模拟"，故选A。30.【参考答案】B【解析】考查主谓一致。neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语是复数technicians，故谓语用复数形式are，选B。31.【参考答案】B【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为company，空格后为result，二者构成所属关系，应用whose引导定语从句修饰company，whoseresult意为"该公司的成果"，故选B。32.【参考答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。在itisessentialthat句型中，从句需用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可省略，故填动词原形master，选A。33.【参考答案】A【解析】考查动词搭配辨析。accusesb.ofdoingsth.意为"指控某人做某事"，accusedtodischarge在此语境中表"被指控排放废水"，搭配最恰当；blame常与on连用；charge常与with连用；scold不含正式指控之意，故选A。34.【参考答案】C【解析】考查近义词辨析。development意为"研发、开发"，常与newcatalysts等搭配，强调研发过程；invention强调发明创造新事物；discovery和finding强调发现已有之物，故选C。35.【参考答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气的倒装结构。本句为对过去情况的虚拟，条件从句结构为had+主语+过去分词，alarmsystem与maintain之间为被动关系，故用beenmaintained，省略had并倒装后为Hadthealarmsystembeenmaintained，选A。36.【参考答案】A【解析】考查动词搭配辨析。equipsb.withsth.意为"用某物装备某人"，强调赋予能力，与后文knowledgeandskills搭配最恰当；provide/supply均与from或直接接宾语；offer无此固定搭配，故选A。37.【参考答案】B【解析】考查动词时态和语态。主语data为复数概念，句意描述的是过去试验数据的验证结果，应用一般过去时，proved为过去式，故选B。38.【参考答案】A【解析】考查连接短语辨析。aslongas意为"只要"，引导条件状语从句，符合句意；asfaras常与to连用表示"就……而言"；aswellas意为"也、以及"；assoonas意为"一……就……"，故选A。39.【参考答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。require后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，结构为should+动词原形，should可省略，故填be，构成bechecked的被动形式，选A。40.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查现在完成时的用法。主语"Thecompany"为单数第三人称，应搭配has。"hasexpanded"是现在完成时的正确形式，表示从过去某一时间开始并持续到现在的影响或结果，与"since2020"搭配恰当。A项多出了"been"，结构错误；C项"have"与单数主语不一致；D项"hadbeenexpanded"是过去完成时的被动语态，与语境不符。故选B。41.【参考答案】C【解析】本题考查现在完成时的标志词辨析。"overthepastdecade"意为"在过去十年中"，是现在完成时的典型时间状语，表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。A项一般现在时不表示持续性影响；B项一般过去时不能与表示持续时间段状语连用；D项一般将来时表示将来发生的动作。因此，正确答案为C项"hasachieved"。42.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查词性辨析。句型"makeit+adj.+todosth."中，it为形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式，中间需填入形容词作宾语补足语。"possible"是形容词，意为"可能的"；"possibly"是副词；"possibility"和"impossibility"均为名词。句意为"新技术使得更有效地处理原材料成为可能"。只有A项"possible"符合语法结构和语义要求，故选A。43.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查条件状语从句的时态用法。本句为真实条件句，遵循"主将从现"原则，即if引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时，主句使用一般将来时。主语"thetemperature"为第三人称单数，动词需用三单形式"rises"。B项为过去式，用于虚拟语气；C项将来时不能出现在if条件从句中；D项现在完成时不符合此条件句结构。故选A。44.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词用法。先行词"theengineer"指人，且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词"who"。B项"which"用于指物，不能指人；C项"whom"在从句中作宾语，而本句从句缺主语；D项"whose"表示所属关系，意为"……的"，不符合句意。A项结构完整且语法正确，故选A。45.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查词汇在专业语境中的含义。"develop"在石化行业语境中通常指"开发、发展"，即设计并建造新的产品、工艺或设施。B项是摄影领域的含义；C项与"develop"的常见含义相反；D项是另一常见含义但与专业语境无关。石化行业中常提及"developnewtechnologies"（开发新技术）或"developnewproducts"（开发新产品），因此A项最符合行业语境，故选A。46.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查虚拟语气的用法。"insist"表示"坚持要求"时，其后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，结构为"(should)+动词原形"。此处"should"可以省略，直接使用动词原形"befollowed"。A项是一般现在时的被动语态，未体现虚拟语气；C项一般过去时的被动语态不符合此处要求；D项一般将来时的被动语态也不符合虚拟语气规则。故选B。47.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查形容词比较级的用法。"efficient"是多音节形容词，其比较级形式为"moreefficient"，最高级为"mostefficient"。比较级后接"than"引出比较对象。B项"most"为最高级，不能与"than"搭配；C项"efficienter"构词错误；D项最高级结构与"oftheoldone"搭配不当且语义不清。A项结构正确，语义清晰，故选A。48.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查词汇的同义辨析。"sustainable"意为"可持续的"，指能够长期维持而不损害自然资源或环境的能力。A项"有能力以某一速率或水平被维持"准确表达了该词的含义。B项"对生态系统造成永久损害"与该词含义相反；C项"产生大量废物"也不符合该词正面含义；D项"需要持续的人为干预"偏离了"sustainable"的核心概念。在石化行业环保语境中，"sustainabledevelopment"指可持续发展。故选A。49.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查被动语态的转换。原句为一般现在时，主语"Thelaboratory"，谓语"tests"，宾语"thesamples"。变为被动语态时，宾语"thesamples"作主语，谓语变为"are+tested"（一般现在时被动语态），原主语由介词"by"引出。B项为一般过去时被动语态，时态改变；C项为现在完成时被动语态，时态改变；D项主谓不一致，"samples"为复数不能用"is"。故选A。50.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查英语前缀知识。"re-"是最常见的前缀之一，意为"again"或"oncemore"（再次、重新）。"recycle"即"cycleagain"，指回收再利用。B项"against/opposite"对应前缀"anti-"或"counter-"；C项"not/without"对应前缀"un-"、"dis-"或"non-"；D项"before/infrontof"对应前缀"pre-"。在石化环保领域，"recycle"指废物回收再利用，是可持续发展的重要环节。故选A。51.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。固定搭配"avitalrole"意为"重要角色"，其中"vital"以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用"a"。"inChina'seconomy"表示"在中国经济中"，不需要加定冠词。A项缺少不定冠词"a"；C项"petrochemicalindustry"前缺少定冠词"The"，且"theChina'seconomy"中冠词使用错误；D项"thevitalrole"用定冠词不恰当，且"Chinaeconomy"应为所有格形式。故选B。52.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查石化专业词汇。"refinery"意为"炼油厂"，是指将原油通过蒸馏、裂化等工艺加工成汽油、柴油、航空煤油等可利用产品的工厂。B项描述的是水质分析实验室；C项描述的是技术培训中心；D项描述的是成品仓库。在石化行业中，refinery是核心生产设施之一，负责将原始原油转化为各种石油产品和化工原料。故选A。53.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查主谓一致中的就近原则。当"neither...nor..."连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与靠近的主语保持一致，即"就近原则"。此处靠近谓语的主语是"theengineers"（复数），因此谓语动词应用复数形式。A项"was"和C项"is"均为单数形式，不符合要求；D项"hasbeen"为现在完成时单数形式，也不符合要求。B项"were"是一般过去时的复数形式，与"theengineers"一致，故选B。54.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查形容词的词义辨析。"hazardous"意为"危险的、有害的"，指涉及或导致危险或风险的事物。在石化行业中，"hazardousmaterials"（危险品）是一个重要概念，涉及易燃、易爆、有毒物质。B项"与化学反应相关的"不准确；C项"规模极其巨大的"不符合该词含义；D项"难以理解或分析的"也不正确。该词常见于"hazardouswaste"（危险废物）、"hazardouschemicals"（危险化学品）等表达中。故选A。55.【参考答案】C【解析】本题考查句子改错。C项存在主谓一致错误："Eachoftheworkers"中，中心词是"Each"（不定代词，单数），谓语动词应用单数形式"has"而非"have"。正确表达应为"Eachoftheworkersintheplanthascompletedthesafetytraining."A项现在完成时的被动语态使用正确；B项"by30percent"表示变化幅度，用法正确；D项"proves(that)"后接从句，结构正确。故选C。56.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查工业英语词汇。"optimize"意为"优化、使达到最优"，指通过调整和改进使某事物发挥最大效能或达到最佳功能状态。在石化行业中，"optimizeproduction"（优化生产）、"optimizeprocesses"（优化工艺流程）是常见表达。B项"减小机器尺寸"并非该词含义；C项"增加生产成本"与该词正面含义相反；D项"延迟项目完成"也与该词含义无关。故选A。57.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查连词的用法。句意为"自从工厂实施新的环保措施以来，空气质量已显著改善"。A项"Since"在此引导时间状语从句，意为"自从"，与主句现在完成时"hasimproved"搭配恰当。B项"Although"（虽然）引导让步状语从句，与句意不符；C项"However"是副词而非连词，不能引导从句；D项"Despite"是介词，后接名词短语而非完整从句。故选A。58.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查词汇替换。"requires"意为"需要、要求"，指某事为达到特定目的所必需。A项"needs"意为"需要"，与该词含义最为接近，可互换使用而不改变句意。B项"creates"意为"创造"，C项"produces"意为"生产"，D项"destroys"意为"破坏"，三者均与"requires"含义相差甚远。在石化行业技术规范中，"requirescarefulmonitoring"（需要仔细监测）是常见表述。故选A。59.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查虚拟语气的功能。在"Itisessentialthat..."结构中，that从句需使用虚拟语气，动词用原形"wear"（选项若给出应为wear）。这种结构用于表达强烈要求或必要性，常见于法规、标准和安全规范中。B项描述习惯性动作使用一般现在时即可；C项表示过去事件用过去时；D项陈述事实观察用陈述语气。在石化行业安全规程中，此类表达频繁出现，强调安全装备的强制性要求。故选A。60.【参考答案】B【解析】句意：他在操作炼油厂的新设备之前已经读过技术手册。由before引导的时间状语可知，动作发生在操作设备之前，应用现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响，故选B。61.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：公司计划今年为所有技术人员启动一个新的培训计划。plantodosth是固定搭配，意为"计划做某事"，launch是及物动词，直接接宾语，故选A。62.【参考答案】C【解析】句意：为了提前完成项目，团队每天晚上加班工作。由句意可知，此处表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语，故选C。63.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：主管让我们在本周末之前提交报告，但我们没能按时完成任务。此处是宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，应用that引导宾语从句，且that在从句中不充当任何成分，故选A。64.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：如果机器再次发出异常噪音，请立即联系维修部门。if引导的条件状语从句遵循"主将从现"原则，主句是祈使句，从句应用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故选A。65.【参考答案】C【解析】句意：这位工程师在石油化工行业工作已超过十年，拥有丰富的经验。由forovertenyears可知，应用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故选C。66.【参考答案】B【解析】句意：为确保工人的安全，所有生产区域必须严格遵守安全规定。主语是regulations，与observe是被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词后接动词原形，故选B。67.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：通过仔细分析技术数据，研究者在实验中发现了错误