Pollution 英语专项测试题（含详细答案解析）

Pollution英语专项测试题（含详细答案解析）适用学段：初中九年级/高中高一基础考试时长：40分钟满分：100分说明：试题贴合日常考试题型，无生硬句式，侧重词汇、语法与话题应用，答案解析通俗易懂。一、单项选择（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。1.Moreandmoreriversare________bywastewaterfromfactories.A.pollutingB.pollutedC.topolluteD.pollute2.Airpollutionis________seriousproblemthatallofusshouldpayattentiontoit.A.soB.suchC.suchaD.soa3.Weshouldstop________plasticbagstoprotecttheenvironment.A.useB.touseC.usingD.used4.Rubbish________everywhereinpublicplacesmakesourcitydirty.A.throwingB.thrownC.tothrowD.throw5.Manywildanimalslosetheirhomes________heavypollution.A.becauseB.becauseofC.insteadofD.thanksto6.Thegovernmenthastakenmany________toreducewaterpollution.A.stepsB.decisionsC.opinionsD.surprises7.Noisepollution________ourhearingandmakesusfeelstressed.A.harmsB.helpsC.improvesD.protects8.It’severyone’sdutytokeepourearth________.A.cleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.cleans9.Ifwedon’tprotecttheenvironment,we________facemorepollutionproblems.A.willB.wouldC.canD.could10.Lotsoftrees________everyyeartofightagainstpollution.A.plantB.plantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted11.Wecan________oldthingsinsteadofthrowingthemaway.A.reuseB.returnC.refuseD.relax12.________theenvironmentismuchmoreimportantthanmakingmoney.A.ProtectB.ProtectingC.ProtectedD.Toprotecting13.Smogisakindofairpollution________isbadforourlungs.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.when14.Peopleareencouragedtogotoworkbybike________producelesspollution.A.sothatB.inordertoC.becauseofD.eventhough15.Littlebylittle,ourworldwillbecomelesspolluted________wetryourbest.A.unlessB.ifC.thoughD.until二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）阅读短文，从各题选项中选出最佳答案。Pollutionisabigproblemaroundtheworld.Therearemanykindsofpollution,suchasairpollution,waterpollutionandnoisepollution.Allofthemare16toourhealthandnature.Inthepast,peoplelivedasimplelifeandtherewas17pollution.Butnow,withthefastdevelopmentofindustry,morefactoriesarebuilt.They18wastegasandwatereveryday.Carsandbusesalsomaketheairdirty.Asaresult,theskyisnolongeras19asbefore,andmanyriversarefullofdirtywater.Luckily,morepeoplehave20theimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.Schoolsteachstudentstosaveenergyandreducewaste.Thegovernmentmakesstrict21topunishpollutingfactories.Manyfamilieschoosetousereusablethings22plasticproducts.Pollutioncannotbesolvedinoneday.Ittakes23timeandhardwork.Wedon’tneedtodogreatthings.Small24fromeveryonecanmakeabigdifference.Ifeveryoneplaysapart25environmentalprotection,ourplanetwillbecomebetterandbetter.16.A.safeB.harmfulC.helpfulD.useless17.A.littleB.fewC.muchD.many18.A.takeoutB.giveoutC.putoutD.lookout19.A.darkB.grayC.blueD.white20.A.realizedB.receivedC.repeatedD.recorded21.A.plansB.rulesC.dreamsD.stories22.A.becauseofB.insteadofC.outofD.aheadof23.A.shortB.simpleC.longD.smooth24.A.actionsB.mistakesC.speechesD.secrets25.A.onB.inC.atD.for三、阅读理解（共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。PassageWaterpollutionisoneofthemostseriousenvironmentalproblemstoday.Itmainlycomesfromthreesources:industrialwaste,agriculturalwasteanddailylifewaste.Factoriespourdirtywaterintoriversandlakesdirectlywithoutcleaningit.Thewastewatercontainslotsofharmfulchemicals,whichkillfishandotherwaterlives.Farmersusetoomanypesticidesandfertilizersontheirfarms.Whenitrains,theseharmfulmaterialsflowintonearbywaterandpollutethewaterbody.Besides,manypeoplethrowrubbishlikeplasticbottlesandoldbagsintowater,makingthewaterdirtyandsmelly.Pollutedwaterdoesgreatharmtohumanbeings.Peoplewhodrinkpollutedwatermaygetsickeasily.What’smore,pollutedwateralsodamagesthesoilandaffectsplantgrowth.Tostopwaterpollution,thegovernmentshouldcheckfactoriesstrictlyandforbidillegalwastewaterdischarge.Ascommonpeople,wecansavewaterindailylifeandneverthrowrubbishintorivers.Protectingwaterisprotectingourselves.26.Howmanymainsourcesofwaterpollutionarementionedinthepassage?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“forbid”mean?A.允许B.鼓励C.禁止D.忽视28.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaresultofwaterpollution?A.Fishdieinpollutedrivers.B.Peoplemaysufferfromillness.C.Plantgrowthisinfluenced.D.Thetemperaturerisesquickly.29.Whatcanwedotostopwaterpollutionaccordingtothepassage?A.Usemorefertilizersonfarms.B.Savewaterandnolitteringinwater.C.Pourwastewaterintolakes.D.Checkfactoriesbyourselves.30.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheDangerandSolutionofWaterPollutionB.DifferentKindsofEnvironmentalPollutionC.HowtoSaveWaterinDailyLifeD.TheImportanceofProtectingAnimals四、词汇运用（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）A.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。31.Toomuchp________makesourlivingenvironmentterrible.32.Wemustr________wastepaperandbottlestoprotecttheearth.33.Thicksmogish________topeople’srespiratoryhealth.34.Weshoulddevelopgreenwaystoreducee________pollution.35.Morepublicbikescanhelpcutdownairp________.B.用所给单词的适当形式填空。36.________(recycle)isagoodwaytoreducewaste.37.Thelakebecomesmuch________(clean)thanbefore.38.Peoplearetryingtheirbest________(fight)againstpollution.39.Many________(factory)havebeenmovedoutofthecitycenter.40.Ifwekeeppolluting,ourfuturewillbe________(hope).五、书面表达（15分）如今环境污染问题日益严重，请你以HowtoReducePollution为题，写一篇80-100词的英语短文，内容包括：1.环境污染的现状；2.个人减少污染的具体做法；3.发出环保呼吁。详细答案与解析一、单项选择（1-15）1.B解析：河流是“被污染”，用被动语态be+过去分词，polluted为pollute的过去分词。2.C解析：sucha/an+形容词+单数名词，seriousproblem是单数可数名词，故选sucha。so的用法为so+形容词/副词。3.C解析：stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事（停止使用塑料袋）；stoptodosth.停下来去做某事。4.B解析：过去分词thrown作后置定语，表被动，“被丢弃的垃圾”。5.B解析：becauseof后接名词/短语，because后接句子，heavypollution是名词短语。6.A解析：takestepstodosth.采取措施做某事，固定搭配。7.A解析：句意：噪音污染伤害听力、让人压力大，harm意为“伤害、损害”。8.A解析：keep+宾语+形容词，keepourearthclean保持地球洁净。9.A解析：if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时will。10.C解析：树是“被种植”，everyyear表一般现在时，故用一般现在时被动areplanted。11.A解析：reuse重复使用；refuse拒绝，句意：重复利用旧物品而非丢弃。12.B解析：动名词作句子主语，Protectingtheenvironment保护环境。13.A解析：定语从句先行词是smog（物），关系代词用which/that。14.B解析：inorderto后接动词原形，表目的；sothat后接句子。15.B解析：if如果，引导条件状语从句。句意：如果我们尽力，世界会慢慢减少污染。二、完形填空（16-25）16.B解析：固定搭配beharmfulto对……有害，所有污染都对健康和自然有害。17.A解析：pollution为不可数名词，过去生活简单，污染很少，用little修饰不可数名词。18.B解析：giveout释放（废气）；takeout取出，putout扑灭，lookout小心。19.C解析：对比现在污染严重，天空不再蔚蓝。20.A解析：realizetheimportanceof...意识到……的重要性，固定搭配。21.B解析：政府制定严格的规则/条例惩治污染工厂。22.B解析：insteadof代替、而不是，句意：使用可循环物品代替塑料制品。23.C解析：污染问题无法一日解决，需要长时间的努力。24.A解析：小小的行动能带来巨大改变，actions行动。25.B解析：playapartindoingsth.参与做某事，固定搭配。三、阅读理解（26-30）26.B解析：第一段明确提到水污染三大来源：工业、农业、生活垃圾。27.C解析：结合语境，政府严查工厂，禁止非法排污，forbid意为“禁止”。28.D解析：文中未提及水温升高是水污染的危害，其余三项均有提到。29.B解析：最后一段提到普通人可以节约用水、不向水域扔垃圾。30.A解析：文章主要讲述水污染的危害及解决办法，A选项最贴合主旨。四、词汇运用A.首字母填空31.pollution32.recycle33.harmful34.environmental35.pollutionB.适当形式填空36.Recycling（动名