北京市丰台区2026届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1北京市丰台区2026届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。At10,Iborrowedalibrarybookwith“lovestory”inthetitle.Mymotherfounditinappropriateandwewentbacktothelibrary.Iwasextremely____1____asmymotherexplainedtothelibrarianondutythatIneededreadingmaterialthatwasdifferentfromthebook.Thelibrariansaidnothingandonlyslightlysmiled.Shegracefullyledmetotheteenagerfictionsection,____2____ICapturetheCastlebyDodieSmith,theauthorof101Dalmatians(斑点狗).Ifeltfartoooldfordogstories.“It’sverydifferentfrom101Dalmatians,though,”shesaid,registeringmy____3____.Itriedtotakeherwordsofit,butIwas____4____.Imean,thetitlealonewasweird.ICapturetheCastle?ItsoundedlikeabunchofstupidkidsplayingKingoftheHill.However,thetypicalBritishhumorinthebookandthevividfirst-personnarrationcreatedanawkwardyetlovelyteenagegirlimage,which____5____me.Ialsolearnedthatwritingdidnotrequireaperfectsetting;truefeelingsmatteredmore.Thatbook____6____mywritingdreams.Sixteenyearslater,I,nowawriter,ranintotheverylibrarianinateashop.Shestilllookedgentle.Irushedtothankher,“YouonceshowedmeICapturetheCastle!I’mawriternow!That’sstillmy____7____book!”Butherdaughtertoldmethatdementia(痴呆症)hadkeptherfrom____8____me.Iwatchedherleave,wonderinghowmanyliveswequietlyalterwithoutrecognizingthe____9____ofourdeeds.Forallthatwomanhadreallydonewaslendmeabook.Butithad____10____myworld.1.A.frightened B.shocked C.embarrassed D.bored2.A.criticising B.returning C.overlooking D.recommending3.A.nervousness B.relief C.disappointment D.curiosity4.A.doubtful B.optimistic C.anxious D.interested5.A.fellon B.appealedto C.stoodby D.wentagainst6.A.changed B.boosted C.reflected D.challenged7.A.proper B.secret C.latest D.favorite8.A.believing B.understanding C.accepting D.admiring9.A.significance B.existence C.intention D.necessity10.A.defined B.captured C.ruled D.fixed【答案】1.C2.D3.C4.A5.B6.B7.D8.B9.A10.B【语篇解读】讲述了幼时作者因读物不合宜被换书，管理员推荐的书籍打动自己，催生写作梦想。多年后重逢恩人，对方已失忆，这件小事却深刻改写了作者的人生轨迹。【1题详析】考查形容词。句意：我感到非常尴尬，因为我母亲向值班的图书管理员说明，我需要的阅读材料与那本书的内容不同。A.frightened害怕的；B.shocked震惊的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.bored无聊的。根据后文“asmymotherexplainedtothelibrarianondutythatIneededreadingmaterialthatwasdifferentfromthebook”以及结合场景被当众换书，可推断作者内心窘迫。【2题详析】考查动词。句意：她优雅地把我领到了青少年小说区，并推荐我读多迪·史密斯所著的《捕捉城堡》一书，该书的作者就是《101只斑点狗》的作者。A.criticising批评；B.returning归还；C.overlooking忽略；D.recommending推荐。根据上文“Shegracefullyledmetotheteenagerfictionsection”可知，管理员为孩子挑选书籍，应是推荐读物。【3题详析】考查名词。句意：“不过，这和《101只斑点狗》这部小说可大不相同啊。”她说道，察觉到了我的失望之情。A.nervousness紧张；B.relief宽慰；C.disappointment失望；D.curiosity好奇。根据上文“Ifeltfartoooldfordogstories.”可知，作者嫌弃狗狗题材故事，内心倍感失落。【4题详析】考查形容词。句意：我试图相信她所说的意思，但心里还是有些怀疑。A.doubtful怀疑的；B.optimistic乐观的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.interested感兴趣的。根据上文“Ifeltfartoooldfordogstories.”可知，书名怪异让作者难以信服，心存疑惑。【5题详析】考查动词短语。句意：然而，书中典型的英式幽默以及生动的第一人称叙述塑造出了一位既略显笨拙又十分可爱的少女形象，这深深吸引了我。A.fellon落到；B.appealedto吸引；C.stoodby支持；D.wentagainst违背。根据上文“thetypicalBritishhumorinthebookandthevividfirst-personnarrationcreatedanawkwardyetlovelyteenagegirlimage”可知，书籍内容打动作者，符合吸引的含义。【6题详析】考查动词。句意：这本书助推我萌生并坚定了写作梦想。A.changed改变；B.boosted推动；C.reflected反映；D.challenged挑战。根据后文“Sixteenyearslater,I,nowawriter”可知，好书激励作者走上写作道路，助力梦想成长。【7题详析】考查形容词。句意：“那仍然是我最喜欢的一本书！”A.proper合适的；B.secret秘密的；C.latest最新的；D.favorite最喜欢的。根据上文“Sixteenyearslater,I,nowawriter,ranintotheverylibrarianinateashop.Shestilllookedgentle.Irushedtothankher,“YouonceshowedmeICapturetheCastle!I’mawriternow!”可知，书籍影响深远，成为作者最喜欢的。【8题详析】考查动词。句意：但她的女儿告诉我，痴呆症让她无法理解我。A.believing相信；B.understanding理解；C.accepting接受；D.admiring钦佩。根据上文“herdaughtertoldmethatdementiahadkepther”可知，痴呆病导致老人无法理解作者说的话。【9题详析】考查名词。句意：我看着她离去，心中不禁思索：我们不经意间改变了多少人的生活，而自己却从未意识到自己所做之事的重要性。A.significance意义；B.existence存在；C.intention意图；D.necessity必要。根据上文“howmanyliveswequietlyalterwithoutrecognizingthe”可知，作者感慨微小举动蕴含重大意义。【10题详析】考查动词。句意：仅仅一本书，却彻底俘获并改变了我的人生世界。A.defined界定；B.captured俘获；C.ruled统治；D.fixed修复。根据上文“Forallthatwomanhadreallydonewaslendmeabook.”可知，书籍深刻影响人生，俘获作者的内心。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Researchershavefoundthataperson’swalkingstylecanrevealtheiremotions.Inastudy,actorswalkedwhilerecallingemotionalevents.Theirmovements____11____(record)andturnedintovideos.Volunteerswatchedthevideosand____12____(correct)identifiedemotionssuchasanger,sadnessandfearbasedonarmandlegswings.Largerswingssignalledaggression,whilesmalleronesindicatedfearorsadness.ThefindingscouldbeusedinAIsystemsorcameras____13____(recognise)mentalstates.【答案】11.wererecorded12.correctly13.torecognise【语篇解读】主要介绍研究发现人的走路姿态能够反映自身情绪，该研究成果还可应用于人工智能与摄像识别领域。【11题详析】考查动词语态。句意：他们的动作被记录下来并制作成视频。此处为谓语动词，叙述实验过往过程，用一般过去时，主语Theirmovements与record之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为wererecorded。故填wererecorded。【12题详析】考查副词。句意：志愿者观看视频，并依据手臂与腿部摆动，准确识别出愤怒、悲伤、恐惧这类情绪。此处修饰动词identified，需用副词作状语，correct的副词形式为correctly意为“准确地”。【13题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这一研究成果能够应用于人工智能系统或摄像设备，以此识别心理情绪状态。此处为非谓语动词作状语，体现技术运用的目的，所以此处为动词不定式形式torecognise作目的状语。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。OpenClawisanopen-sourceAIagent____14____(nickname)“thelobster(龙虾)”foritsredlobster-shapedlogo.Unliketraditionalchatbotsthatonlygivesuggestions,itautonomously____15____(finish)tasksbytakingoverauser’scomputer.Througha“perceive-decide-execute”loop,itmanagesfiles,sendsemails,andwritescode.Whatsetsitapartisits“local-first”design,____16____keepsdataprivateontheuser’sdevice.OpenClawbridgesthegapbetweenconversationalAIandreal-worldautomation.【答案】14.nicknamed15.finishes16.which【语篇解读】本文介绍人工智能代理OpenClaw的得名由来、功能特点及设计优势。【14题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：OpenClaw是一款开源人工智能代理，因其红色龙虾形状的标志被昵称为“龙虾”。本句已有谓语动词is，此处需用非谓语动词。主语anopen-sourceAIagent与nickname之间为被动关系，需用过去分词作后置定语。【15题详析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：不同于只提供建议的传统聊天机器人，它能够接管用户的电脑自主完成任务。此处作句子谓语，句子介绍产品客观特性，使用一般现在时；主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式finishes。【16题详析】考查定语从句。句意：它的独特之处在于其“本地优先”的设计，该设计将数据保存在用户设备上以保护隐私。本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为design，指物，从句缺少主语，需用关系代词which引导从句。C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Ioncesufferedfrominsomnia(失眠),butgraduallylearnedtoembracethenight.Insteadofstayingindoors,___17___(feel)anxious,Ibegantotakemy“nightjourneys”.IdiscoveredwhatI___18___(miss)—thepeacethatdarknessoffers.Isharedtheseadventureswithmychildren,hopingtohelpthemovercome___19___(they)fearofthedark.Whatbegan___20___sleeplessnessturnedintoadeepappreciationforthebeautyandfreedomofthenight.NowIregarddarknessnotassomethingterrifying,butasapreciousgift.【答案】17.feeling18.hadmissed19.their20.as【语篇解读】作者曾饱受失眠困扰，慢慢学会接纳黑夜。夜间漫步让其领略夜色静谧，还陪伴孩子克服惧黑心理，最终由衷欣赏黑夜之美。【17题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：不再待在室内忧心忡忡，我开始进行“夜间旅行”了。句子谓语动词是began，空格处填入非谓语动词，此处feel“感觉”与其逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。【18题详析】考查时态。句意：我终于领悟到了我所错过的——黑暗所带来的宁静。空格处动作发生再discovered之前，发生在过去的过去用过去完成时，miss“错过”的过去分词为missed。【19题详析】考查代词。句意：我将这些经历与我的孩子们分享，希望能帮助他们克服对黑暗的恐惧。修饰名词fear用形容词性物主代词their。【20题详析】考查介词。句意：起初的失眠状态逐渐转变为对夜晚的美丽与自由的深深喜爱。短语beginas表示“以……开始，起初始于”。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEnvironment&ConservationVolunteeringAbroadProgramsAreyoupassionateabouteco-volunteeringorclimatechange?Wanttosupportenvironmentalvolunteerabroadprojectsorgetinvolvedwithconservationvolunteeropportunitiesaroundtheworld?JoinaffordableenvironmentalvolunteerprogramsofferedbyInternationalVolunteerHeadquarters(IVHQ)!AsanenvironmentalvolunteerwithIVHQ,you’llhavetheopportunitytosupportjungleandrainforestconservation,climateaction,environmentaleducation,sustainablecities,organicfarmingandtreeplantingvolunteerprojectswithincommunitiesabroad.Choosefrom27EnvironmentandConservationprogramsacross20destinationsworldwideWorkalongsidelocalconservationists—nopreviousexperiencerequiredSuitedtoactivevolunteerswholovenatureandbeingoutdoorsHelptackleclimatechange,pollutionandprotectendangeredecosystemsWhydoenvironmentalvolunteeringwithIVHQ?Lowcost,highimpactprogramsAlignswithUNSustainableDevelopmentGoalsAccommodation,meals,orientation&in-countrysupportincludedPre-departureguidanceand24/7in-countrysupportWhattoexpectfromenvironmentalvolunteerworkabroadIVHQ’saffordableEnvironmentandConservationvolunteerprojectsareavailableyear-roundandareperfectlysuitedtovolunteerswhoareupforachallengeanddon’tmindgettingtheirhandsdirty.Conservationvolunteerworkisvariedanddependentonthetypeofenvironmentalprojectyouchoose.Fromreforestationvolunteerprogramstoclimateactionprojects,youcouldbecollectingdataonendangeredspecies,plantingtrees,learningaboutsustainablefarmingtechniques,growingorganicfood,developinggreenurbanspaces,protectingthreatenedrainforestsandmuchmore.Learnmoreaboutourenvironmentalvolunteeringabroadprojectsavailableonthewebsite.21.IVHQ’sprogramsaresuitableforvolunteerswho_______.A.enjoynatureandoutdoorlifeB.areupforacademicchallengesC.areexperiencedconservationistsD.canoffer24/7in-countrysupport22.WhatcanvolunteersdoinIVHQ’senvironmentalprojects?A.Spreadfarmingtechniques.B.Feedendangeredspecies.C.Creategreencityareas.D.Explorerainforests.23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tocallonvolunteerstoprotectecosystems.B.Toshowthesignificanceofconservationwork.C.TointroduceIVHQ’slocalvolunteerprograms.D.Toattractvolunteersforenvironmentalprograms.【答案】21.A22.C23.D【语篇解读】主要介绍国际志愿者总部推出的海外环保志愿项目，说明招募要求、服务内容与项目优势。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Suitedtoactivevolunteerswholovenatureandbeingoutdoors(该项目适合热爱大自然、喜爱户外生活的积极志愿者。)”可知，该志愿项目适配喜爱自然与户外生活的人群。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Fromreforestationvolunteerprogramstoclimateactionprojects,youcouldbecollectingdataonendangeredspecies,plantingtrees,learningaboutsustainablefarmingtechniques,growingorganicfood,developinggreenurbanspaces,protectingthreatenedrainforestsandmuchmore.(从植树造林志愿项目到气候行动项目，你可以收集濒危物种相关数据、植树造林、学习可持续农业技术、种植有机作物、打造城市绿地、保护濒危雨林，以及参与诸多其他相关事务。)”可知，志愿者能够参与打造城市绿地的相关工作。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Wanttosupportenvironmentalvolunteerabroadprojectsorgetinvolvedwithconservationvolunteeropportunitiesaroundtheworld?(想要助力海外环保志愿项目，参与全球保护志愿活动吗？)”以及结尾处“Learnmoreaboutourenvironmentalvolunteeringabroadprojectsavailableonthewebsite.(可登录网站了解更多海外环保志愿项目详情。)”可知，文章介绍项目各项信息，目的是吸引人们报名参与环保志愿项目。BWhenthecallcameforvolunteerstovisitlocalschoolsforBrainAwarenessWeek,Ijumpedattheopportunity.Ihadspentthepast3yearswithmyheaddown,focusedonmyneurosciencePh.D.,andIlikedtheideaofgettingoutandsharingwhatIwaslearning.Ifounditdeeplysatisfyingtohelpthestudentsunderstandevenjustalittlebitaboutwhytheirgrandparentsmightnotrememberthingsorwhythebrainsoftheirautistic(患自闭症的)brothersorsistersmightworkdifferently.Thenextday,Iwentbacktomynormallabroutine.Buttheexperienceplantedaseed,eventuallyleadingmetoanewcareer.Ienteredgradschoolwiththehopetobecomeaprofessor.Iwasn’trequiredtoteach,butIvolunteeredasateachingassistant.ButmostlyIfocusedonresearch,whichshouldbethepriorityforanacademicjob.Iwashappywiththatformanyyears,asIlovedmakingdiscoveriesandpublishingpapers.ButafterbecomingapostdocIfeltlostinresearchdetailsandlongedtoseethebig-pictureimpact.Amidmystruggle,acareersymposium(专题研讨会)atmyinstitutedrewmyattention.Hearingscientists’transitionstopositionsatmuseumsorresearchinstitutes,Irealizedthatscienceeducationcouldbeacareer.Afterward,Iaskedthespeakersforadviceonfollowingintheirfootsteps,althoughIadmitted,“Idon’tknowifI’mbraveenough.”Thespeakersconvincedmeofpursuingacareeroutofmyinterest.ButIrealizedmynewpathwasn’tasstraightforwardastheacademicroute.Iwonderedhowtofindrelevantjobsandfearedmyformercolleagueswouldviewmeasafailedpostdoc.ButIchosetobecourageousanddowhatwasbestforme.Ifollowedawindingpath.Initially,Iwroteaboutscientificdiscoveriesforthepublicandworkedatasciencecenter.EventuallyIfoundajobteachingbiology.ThefirstyearwasdifficultbecauseIhadtolearnclassroommanagementandteachingpractices.ButIsoonnavigatedmynewprofessionandbecameconfidentinmychoice.Isometimesmissmyresearchcareer.Butwhenseeingmyimpactonyoungpeople,Iknowmynewpathsuitsmyskillsandpassions.Scientistscanservesocietyindifferentways.Ittookmealongtimetorealizethat,butIamatpeacewithitnow.24.Whenacceptingthevolunteeropportunity,theauthorwantedto_______.A.helpcurechildrenwithautism B.communicatesciencetostudentsC.finishherPh.D.programontime D.seekateachingjobinlocalschools25.Whatdrovetheauthortoconsiderscienceeducationasacareer?A.Thedesiretogainrespectfromcolleagues. B.Theexpectationtoachieveacademicsuccess.C.Thelongingtoescapefromresearchpressure. D.Theinspirationfromotherscientists’careershifts.26.Howdoestheauthorthinkofhercurrentcareer?A.Respectable. B.Fulfilling. C.Flexible. D.Creative.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Staytruetoyourselfandchartyourowncourse.B.Opportunitiescometothosewhopatientlywait.C.Itisactions,notintentions,thatdefineaperson.D.Smoothseascouldnevermakeskillfulsailors.【答案】24.B25.D26.B27.A【语篇解读】作者原本攻读神经科学博士，一次校园科普志愿经历埋下职业转变种子。受他人启发转行科教领域，历经摸索适应，最终找到契合自身热爱与价值的人生方向。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ihadspentthepast3yearswithmyheaddown,focusedonmyneurosciencePh.D.,andIlikedtheideaofgettingoutandsharingwhatIwaslearning.Ifounditdeeplysatisfyingtohelpthestudentsunderstandevenjustalittlebitaboutwhytheirgrandparentsmightnotrememberthingsorwhythebrainsoftheirautistic(患自闭症的)brothersorsistersmightworkdifferently.(过去三年里，我一直埋头于神经科学博士学位的研究中，专注于此。而且我非常渴望能够走出实验室，与人分享我所学到的知识。帮助学生们哪怕只是稍微理解一下为什么他们的祖父母可能记不住事情，或者为什么他们患有自闭症的兄弟姐妹的大脑运作方式会有所不同，这让我感到非常满足)”可知，在接受这份志愿者工作时，作者希望向学生传播科学知识。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Hearingscientists’transitionstopositionsatmuseumsorresearchinstitutes,Irealizedthatscienceeducationcouldbeacareer.(看到科学家们纷纷转到博物馆或科研机构工作，我意识到从事科学教育工作也可以成为一种职业)”可知，从其他科学家职业转变中获得的启示促使这位作者将从事科学教育工作视为自己的职业选择。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butwhenseeingmyimpactonyoungpeople,Iknowmynewpathsuitsmyskillsandpassions.Scientistscanservesocietyindifferentways.Ittookmealongtimetorealizethat,butIamatpeacewithitnow.(但当我看到自己对年轻人产生的影响后，我意识到自己的新职业路径与我的技能和热情十分契合。科学家可以以不同的方式为社会服务。我花了很长时间才明白这一点，但现在我已经对此感到心安了)”可知，作者对目前的职业感到满意。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butwhenseeingmyimpactonyoungpeople,Iknowmynewpathsuitsmyskillsandpassions.Scientistscanservesocietyindifferentways.Ittookmealongtimetorealizethat,butIamatpeacewithitnow.(但当我看到自己对年轻人产生的影响后，我意识到自己的新职业路径与我的技能和热情十分契合。科学家可以以不同的方式为社会服务。我花了很长时间才明白这一点，但现在我已经对此感到心安了)”结合全文作者遵从内心放弃科研，选择适配自身热爱的道路，对应坚守本心走自己的路。可知，文章告诉我们保持自我，走自己的路。CWhalesaresomeofthemosthighlyintelligentspeciesonEarth.Eachspeciesofwhalehasadistinctcommunicationsystemthatoftenvarieswithinpopulations.Sincehumanshavebeenresearchingandobservingtheseformsofcommunication,aquestionhassurfaced:Couldhumansonedayengageinacoustic(声学的)interactionswithwhales?Andwhatcouldtheseinteractionsrevealaboutnon-humanintelligence?ResearchersfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaandtheAlaskaWhaleFoundationhavebeenexploringwhale-to-humancommunicationwithhumpbackwhales,andthey’vecomeupwithsomefascinatingconclusions.Whenscientistsrecordedahumpbackwhalecontactcall,knownasawhup,andplayeditunderwateraroundtheirresearchvessel,theyweresurprisedwhenawhalenamedTwainbecameamorethanwillingparticipantinthecall-and-responseexchange.Scientistsproducedasinglesound,orwhupcall,thatTwainwouldthenrespondwithherownwhupcalltothem,a“conversation”describedintheirPeerJpaper.“Itmightlooselytranslateto‘hello’orsomesortofgreetingcallforwhenanimalscometogetherorjusttosignalthatindividualsareinacertainlocation,”saysDawsonHubbard,studyauthorandanimalbehaviouristwithWhaleSETI.Inthiscase,itwasasifTwainwaseithersaying“hello”toscientistsor“I’moverhere.”Butinbothinstances,shewasrespondingtoandengagingwithwhalesignalsthathumansproduced.Ofcourse,whetherwhaleswanttocommunicatewithhumansvariesbythetemperamentofthewhaleandbythesituation.Justlikesomehumansaremoreextrovertedthanothers,thiscouldalsobetrueforwhales,althoughthiswouldneedmoreresearchtounderstand.Twaincircledaroundthescientists’boatandwasinproximitytoitsspeakers.Permitlimitationsonlyallowforresearcherstoproducethesoundfor20minutes,butoncetheystopped,Twaincontinuedtoproducemoresignalsbeforeleaving.“What’scoolaboutTwainisthatshecouldhaveleftatanypoint,asitwasn’tacagedenvironmentwhereshecouldn’tleave,soshewaschoosingtobeclosetous,”saysHubbard.Often,awillingnesstocommunicatewithhumanswouldbefood-mediated,butinthiscase,itwasn’t.Therehavealsobeenotherexamples.GraywhalesintheSanIgnaciolagooninMexico,forexample,arefamouslyfriendly.Infact,somegraywhalesregularlyapproachboatsandallowvisitorstohavegentlecontactwiththem.AccordingtotheOceanicSociety,thisbehaviourisn’tsharedamongstallgraywhales,andinfact,thisspeciesofwhalewasalmosthuntedtoextinctionjustagenerationago.Butthebehaviourmayhavebeenpasseddownthroughgenerations,andsomegraywhalesinthispopulationvoluntarilyapproachhumans.Intheend,theseandotherencountersshowthat,insomecases,individualwhalesappearwillingtoengagewithhumans.Andthemorewelearnabouttheirmodeofcommunicationandwhattheyaresayingtous,themorewecanlearnaboutthem.28.Tostudywhales,thescientists_______.A.caughtwhalesforcontrolledexperimentsB.trainedwhalestoconversewithhumansC.respondedtowhaleswithrecordedcallsD.playedwhalecallstointeractwiththem29.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Themaximumdurationofwhales’responseis20minutes.B.Graywhales’friendlybehaviourmaybealearnedfeature.C.Whales’personalitydecidestheirwillingnesstointeract.D.Humpbackwhalesrespondtohumansforfoodrewards.30.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DecodingtheTalkBetweenHumansandWhalesB.AreWhalesWillingtoTalkwithHumans?C.CouldHumansEverTalkwithWhales?D.UnlockingtheSecretofWhaleWhups【答案】28.D29.B30.C【语篇解读】文章围绕人类能否与鲸鱼开展声学交流展开，介绍相关实验发现与鲸鱼互动的相关特点。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Whenscientistsrecordedahumpbackwhalecontactcall,knownasawhup,andplayeditunderwateraroundtheirresearchvessel,theyweresurprisedwhenawhalenamedTwainbecameamorethanwillingparticipantinthecall-and-responseexchange.(当科学家录制了一种座头鲸的联络叫声，名为呜呜声，并在研究船的水下播放该声音时，他们惊讶地发现一头名为吐温的鲸鱼十分乐意参与这场一问一答的交流)”可知，科学家通过播放鲸鱼叫声与鲸鱼互动开展研究。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Butthebehaviourmayhavebeenpasseddownthroughgenerations,andsomegraywhalesinthispopulationvoluntarilyapproachhumans.(但这种行为可能代代相传，该种群中的一些灰鲸会主动靠近人类)”可知，灰鲸友好的行为可能是后天习得、代代传承的特征。【30题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Couldhumansonedayengageinacousticinteractionswithwhales?Andwhatcouldtheseinteractionsrevealaboutnon-humanintelligence?(人类有朝一日能否与鲸鱼开展声学交流？这些交流又能揭示出哪些非人类智慧的信息？)”以及全文内容可知，文章围绕人类能否与鲸鱼交流这一核心问题，结合实验、案例展开探讨。C选项“人类终将与鲸鱼对话吗？”精准概括全文主旨，是最佳标题。DWhattimeisit?It’ssuchabasicquestionandprovokesmetotakealookattimeinthecontextofbothhumansandartificialintelligence.Simplyput,AIoperatesinsidethenow,theperpetualpresent.Yethumansconstructmeaningacrosstime.This“temporaldivide”createsakeydistinction,ifnotaconflict,that’sworthyofadeeperlook.Typically,weevaluateartificialintelligencebycapability,whichincludesthingslikespeed,accuracy,fluency,andevenscale.Butmytakeisthatthisperspectivemissessomethingthatisbothcriticalanddeeplyhuman.Humansbuildmeaningthroughcontinuity,andthisincludesmemory,revision,anticipation,andthelivedaccumulationofexperience.AIdoesnot.Forus,meaningisshapedacrossduration.Wedon’tformunderstandingfromisolatedframes.Welearnfrommanymomentsthatinformandreshapeeachother.Thereliabilityofourbeliefsdependsonthatslowintegration.It’showunderstandingmaturesintosomethingstable,orperhapsbettersaid,human.AIcollapsestimeintoimmediacy.Eachoutputstandsalonewithoutreferencetowhatcamebeforeandwithoutresponsibilitytowardwhatmayfollow.ThisiswhyAIcanbesopersuasive,asitproducescoherence(连贯性)withouttheweightofhistorybehindit.Arecentstudythatexaminedreasoningtasksillustratesthisratherclearly.AIassistanceledparticipantstoperformslightlybetter,buttofeeldramaticallymoreimprovedthantheyactuallywere.Thisillusionemergesbecauseinstantcoherence(tech)feelslikeinternalmastery(human).AnyonewhohasusedAItosummariseaconcepthasfeltthis.Ithappenswhenyoureadasmooth,confidentexplanationandsuddenlybelieveyounow“understand”itwithoutanyoftheinternalstrugglethatproducestrueunderstanding.Themindconfusestheappearanceofcognitionwiththeacquisitionofcognition.AndthekeydistinctionisthatAIshortensthedistancebetweenexposureandconfidence,notbetweenexposureandwisdom.Ithinkthismattersbecausehumansmaybeginadaptingtothetemporallogicofmachines.Ifpresent-tensecoherencebecomesmorerewardingthanthesloweraccumulationofmeaning,wecouldbegintotradeourtemporalcognitionfortheimmediacyAIoffers.Theriskisnotreplacement,butmoreofadissociationfromtheverystructureofmeaning-makingthatdefinesthehumanmind.Therealquestion,asIhaverelentlesslyasked,isnotwhetherAIwillthinklikewedo.Thequestioniswhetherwewillcontinuetothinklikeourselves.Todefendthenarrativearcisfarfromapoeticgesture.It’sanessentialcognitivepractice.Forme,itmeanstoleratingslowerunderstandingwhenspeedisseductive.Itmeansreturningtothelongerthreadofexperiencewheninstantfluencytemptsus.Itmeansrememberingthatwisdomrequiresthefrictionoftime.Andthat’ssomethingweallshouldconsider.Meaningistemporal.Storyistemporal.Identityistemporal.AIdoesnotlivethere.Wedo.31.Whatdoesthe“temporaldivide”inparagraph1referto?A.AdistinctioninevaluatingAI’scompetences.B.Agapbetweenpresentlivingandpastreflection.C.AdifferenceinhowhumansandAImakemeaning.D.AdivideintimemanagementbetweenhumansandAI.32.Asfortheresultofthestudyexaminingreasoningskills,theauthorfeels_______.A.worried B.surprised C.doubtful D.sympathetic33.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthepassage?A.Byraisingquestionsandsolvingthemonebyone.B.Bycitingstudiesandevaluatingtheirlimitations.C.Bypresentingastudyanddrawingaconclusion.D.Byintroducingaconceptandmakingcontrasts.34.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Exposure+Confidence=MasteryB.Coherence+Immediacy=LogicC.Duration+Friction=WisdomD.Speed+Fluency=Insight【答案】31.C32.A33.D34.C【语篇解读】文章对比人类与人工智能的时间认知差异，指出AI即时性特点的弊端，警示人类坚守自身时间性认知与智慧。【31题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Simplyput,AIoperatesinsidethenow,theperpetualpresent.Yethumansconstructmeaningacrosstime.This“temporaldivide”createsakeydistinction,ifnotaconflict,that’sworthyofadeeperlook.(简单来说，人工智能运作于当下、永恒的此刻。而人类跨越时间构建意义。这种“temporaldivide”形成了一种值得深入探究的关键区别，甚至可以说是冲突)”以及第二段“Humansbuildmeaningthroughcontinuity...AIdoesnot.(人类通过延续性构建意义……而人工智能不能)”可知，“temporaldivide”指人类和人工智能构建意义的方式不同。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段“Ithinkthismattersbecausehumansmaybeginadaptingtothetemporallogicofmachines...wecouldbegintotradeourtemporalcognitionfortheimmediacyAIoffers.Theriskisnotreplacement,butmoreofadissociationfromtheverystructureofmeaning-makingthatdefinesthehumanmind.(我认为这很重要，因为人类可能会开始适应机器的时间逻辑……我们可能会用自身的时间认知换取人工智能提供的即时性。风险不在于被取代，而在于逐渐脱离定义人类思维的意义构建体系)”可知，作者对这项研究反映出的现象感到担忧。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Simplyput,AIoperatesinsidethenow,theperpetualpresent.Yethumansconstructmeaningacrosstime.This“temporaldivide”createsakeydistinction,ifnotaconflict,that’sworthyofadeeperlook.(简单来说，人工智能运作于当下、永恒的此刻。而人类跨越时间构建意义。这种“时间差异”形成了一种值得深入探究的关键区别，甚至可以说是冲突)”以及后文多处对比人类依靠时间延续构建意义、人工智能将时间压缩为即时反应的不同模式可知，文章先引出时间差异这一概念，再通过对比人与人工智能的思维特点展开论述。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Itmeanstoleratingslowerunderstandingwhenspeedisseductive.Itmeansreturningtothelongerthreadofexperiencewheninstantfluencytemptsus.Itmeansrememberingthatwisdomrequiresthefrictionoftime.(这意味着在速度极具诱惑时，包容缓慢的理解；在即时流畅性诱惑我们时，回归更长的经验脉络；我们要记住，智慧需要时间的磨砺)”可知，时长积累与时间磨砺方能造就智慧，即Duration+Friction=Wisdom。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You’reinthemiddleoftheafternoon,eyelidsheavy,focusslipping.Youcloseyoureyesforhalfanhourandwakeupfeelingrecharged.Butlaterthatnight,you’retossingandturninginbed,wonderingwhyyoucan’tdriftoff.____35____Nappinghaslongbeenpraisedasatoolforboostingalertness,enhancingmood,strengtheningmemory,andimprovingproductivity.Yetforsome,theycansabotagenighttimesleep.Nappingisadouble-edgedsword.Doneright,itisapowerfulwaytorecharge.Donewrong,itcanleaveyoustrugglingtofallasleeplater.____36____Mostpeopleexperienceanaturaldipinalertnessintheearlyafternoon,typicallybetween1p.m.and4p.m.Ourinternalbodyclockcreatescyclesofwakefulnessandtirednessthroughouttheday.Theearlyafternoonlullispartofthiscycle,whichiswhysomanypeoplefeeldrowsyatthattime.Studiessuggestthatashortnapallowsthebraintorestwithoutslippingintodeepsleep.Butthere’sacatch.____37____