北京市西城区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1北京市西城区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期期中英语试题I．听力理解(略)II．完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Ineverunderstoodmygrandmother’sdeeploveforheroldwoodenboxuntilthedayshehandedittome.Thebox,carvedwithdelicatepatterns,hadaccompaniedherthroughsixtyyearsoflife.“Somethingstaketimetorevealtheirtrue____1____,”shesaidsoftly.WhenIfirstopenedthebox,Ifelt____2____.Itcontainednothingbutbrokenclaypieces,fadedphotographs,andsomeyellowedletters.____3____mydisappointment,Grandmasimplysmiledandsaid,“Patience,mychild.”Overthefollowingweeks,I____4____studiedeachitem.Theclaypieces,when____5____fittedtogether,formedabeautifulvasehermotherhadmade.Thephotographstoldstoriesofourfamily’shistory,whiletheletters____6____mygrandfather’sloveduringthewar.Onerainyafternoon,asIwascarefully____7____thelastpieceofthevase,Isuddenlyunderstood.Thiswasn’tjustacollectionof____8____objects;itwasthestoryofalife,patientlywaitingtobe____9____.Theprocesstaughtmemorethanjustfamilyhistory.Ittaughtmeaboutthe____10____ofpatienceandattention.Inourfast-pacedworld,weoften____11____thebeautythatrequirestimetodiscover.Weexpectinstantresultsandimmediateunderstanding,____12____sometreasuresonlyrevealthemselvestothosewillingtowait.Now,whenIfeel____13____orfrustratedbylife’schallenges,Irememberthatwoodenbox.Irememberthatsomeunderstandingcannotbe____14____;itmustbeearnedthroughpatientexploration.Andlikemygrandmother’swisdom,themostvaluablelessonsoftencome____15____,wrappedinsimplicityandwaitingfortherightmomenttobediscovered.1.A.value B.purpose C.secret D.origin2.A.excited B.disappointed C.curious D.amazed3.A.Noticing B.Showing C.Hiding D.Expressing4.A.carelessly B.nervously C.patiently D.potentially5.A.constantly B.perfectly C.finally D.properly6.A.studied B.revealed C.created D.discussed7.A.cleaning B.painting C.placing D.holding8.A.expensive B.ancient C.ordinary D.rare9.A.discovered B.created C.changed D.analyzed10.A.lesson B.cost C.power D.result11.A.forget B.miss C.see D.destroy12.A.while B.because C.unless D.though13.A.pleased B.lost C.hurt D.afraid14.A.taught B.rushed C.bought D.explained15.A.quietly B.obviously C.directly D.frequentlyIII．阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhatisPayQuick?PayQuickisafastpaymentserviceforshoppinginthebiggestsupermarketintheUK—Tesco.Itallowsyoutoaddyourcreditordebitcarddetailstotheappsoyoucanuseyoursmartphonetopayforyourshoppingwithjustonescan,whichmeansyoucangowallet-freeinallUKTescostores.Whatarethebenefits?●CollectyourTescopointsautomatically●Payforyourweeklyshoppingupto£250●UsePayQuickoffline,evenwithnosignal●TrackyourspendinginTescoHowever,onlyonequalifyingdealperweekwillcollecttheextraTescopoints.Additionalpaymentsinthesameweekwon’treceiveextrapoints.TescopointswillbeaddedtoyourfutureTescopointsstatement.HowtogetyourPayQuick?Availabletonewcustomerswhosignupby3rdMay2024,thePayQuickappcanbedownloadedfromtheAppStoreorourofficialwebsite.Onceyouhavetheapponyourphone,registeryourpersonaldetailsontheapptogetanaccount.Notethatforeachcustomer,onlyoneaccountisallowedandafamilysharedaccountwillnotbeacknowledged.Finally,withallthepreparationworkdone,you’llbereadytoshopusingjustyourphone.Plus,there’snoneedtoworryaboutyourbankdetailsbeingstoredonyourphone—they’reallsecurelyprotectedinourdatacenters.Sonotonlyisitquickerandeasier,it’ssaferthangoingshoppingwithyourwalletaswell.16.IfcustomersusePayQuickinUKTescostores,theycan________.A.gettheirTescopointsautomaticallyB.purchasethingsonlyofflineC.keeptrackoftheirdailyspendingD.payfortheirshoppingwithoutlimit17.PayQuickusersareNOTallowedto________.A.registerby3rdMay2024B.downloadthePayQuickappC.sharetheaccountwiththeirfamilyD.bringtheirphoneswiththem18.Whatistheauthor’sintentioninwritingthispassage?A.ToensurethesafetyofPayQuick.B.TopopularizetheuseofPayQuick.C.TostresstheimportanceofPayQuick.D.TointroducetheapplicationofPayQuick.B“Areyouallright?”thestudentaskedasshepassedmeinthehallway.Iwasinthefinalstretchoflastworkbeforewritingmyessay.Thestudent,whowas4yearsbehindmeinthesamePh.D.program,wentontosay,“Iseepeoplefromyourgroupworkingsomuch,puttinginextrahours,evenatnight.”Itsetmethinkingalot.Asafirst-yearPh.D.student,Iwasluckytohavekindandunderstandingadvisers.ButIfeltoverwhelmingpressuretobecomeaperfectstudent.IkeptfindingamillionreasonswhyIwascomingintograduateschoolatadisadvantagecomparedwithmypeers.AsastudentfromColombia,Ihadbeeneducatedatinstitutionsmyprofessorsandcolleagueshadneverheardof.Ispokewithanaccentthatwashardtounderstand,andIwasolderthanmostofthepeopleinmycohort.Inoticedthatmostofthepeoplearoundmeseemedtobeworkingallthetime.Ibegantospendmanyweekdaynightsandweekendsinthelab.Butmystrategydidn’twork.Icrashedfromburnout.Thetirednesstookatollonmyproductivityandmotivation.DuringoneofmanymindlessSundaysintheoffice,IrealizedI’dfallenintothetrapofassumingmycolleagues’workhabitswerethestandardforbelongingandbeingworthyofrespect—anditwasn’tsustainable.Fromthenon,IstoppedcountingthenumberofworkhoursIwasputtingin,leavingspaceeverydayforexercisinganddoingactivitiesthatIenjoyed.Finally,IrealizednobodywaskeepingtrackoftheamountoftimeIspentinthelabanywayanditwasn’tsomethingIneededtoworryabout.InoticedthathavingmoretimeformyselfmadememorerestedandmotivatedwhenIwentbacktowork.Icontinuedquietlyalongthispathforyears,untilthatconversationinthehallway.So,whenIranintoheragain,weekslater,ItoldherthateventhoughIwasfeelingalotofpressureinthefinalyearofmyPh.D.,Iwasputtingmymentalandphysicalhealthfirstandwasn’tworkingovertime.Ialsobegantotalkwithotherstudentsabouthowqualitysleep,physicalactivity,healthyeating,andreasonableworkhourswereadailypartofmyroutine.19.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudentwhotalkedtotheauthorinthehallway?A.Shespentmuchtimeonlabwork. B.ShehadfinishedthePh.D.program.C.Shewasputtinginextrahoursatnight. D.Shewasconcernedabouttheauthor.20.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouthisworkatfirst?A.Ambitious. B.Anxious. C.Disappointed. D.Enthusiastic.21.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“tookatollon”inPara.3?A.addedfuelto B.castnewlightonC.hadanegativeimpacton D.dependedtoomuchon22.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Nothingisdifficulttothemanwhowilltry.B.Everydoghashisday.C.Fittingindoesn’tmeanworkingovertime.D.Ahealthywork-lifebalancecounts.CLivinginacityisawell-knownriskfactorfordevelopingamentaldisorder,whilelivingclosetonatureislargelybeneficialformentalhealthandthebrain.Acentralbrainregion,theamygdala(杏仁核)involvedinstressprocessing,hasbeenshowntobelessactivatedduringstressinpeoplelivinginruralareas,comparedtothosewholiveincities,hintingatthepotentialbenefitsofnature.“Butsofarthehen-and-eggproblemcouldnotberesolved,namelywhethernatureactuallycausedtheeffectsinthebrainorwhethertheparticularindividualschosetoliveinruralorurbanregions,”saysSonjaSudimac.Toachievecausalevidence,theresearchersfromthegroupexaminedbrainactivityinregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingin63healthyvolunteersbeforeandafteraone-hourwalkinGrunewaldforestorashoppingstreetwithtrafficinBerlin.Theresultsrevealedthatactivityintheamygdaladecreasedafterthewalkinnature,suggestingthatnatureelicitsbeneficialeffectsonbrainregionsrelatedtostress.“Theresultssupportthepreviouslyassumedpositiverelationshipbetweennatureandbrainhealth,butthisisthefirststudytoprovethecausallink.Interestingly,thebrainactivityaftertheurbanwalkintheseregionsremainedstableandshowednoincreases,whicharguesagainstacommonlyheldviewthaturbanexposurecausesadditionalstress,”explainsSimoneKühn,headofthegroup.Theauthorsshowthatnaturehasapositiveimpactonbrainregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingandthatitcanalreadybeobservedafteraone-hourwalk.Thiscontributestotheunderstandingofhowourphysicallivingenvironmentaffectsbrainandmentalhealth.Evenashortexposuretonaturedecreasesamygdalaactivity,suggestingthatawalkinnaturecouldserveasapreventivemeasureagainstdevelopingmentalhealthproblemsandreducingthepotentiallydisadvantageousimpactofthecityonthebrain.Inordertoinvestigatebeneficialeffectsofnatureindifferentpopulationsandagegroups,theresearchersarecurrentlyworkingonastudyexamininghowaone-hourwalkinnaturalversusurbanenvironmentsimpactsstressinmothersandtheirbabies.23.Whatdoesthehen-and-eggproblemmeanbySonjaSudimac?A.Livinginruralareasactuallyaffectsbrainactivity.B.Peopleincitiestendtohaveahigherriskofmentalproblems.C.It’sunnecessarytoworkoutthecomplexissueofstressandhealth.D.It’shardtoclarifytheimpactoflivingenvironmentonmentalhealth.24.Howdidresearcherscollectevidenceforthestudy?A.Byquotingauthoritativeexperts.B.Byinterviewinghealthyvolunteers.C.Byresearchingonaprevioustheory.D.Bycomparingvolunteers’amygdalaactivities.25.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Benefitsofaregularwalkinnature.B.Thefocusofthefollow-upresearch.C.Anappealforlivinginurbanregions.D.Nature’spositiveeffectsonwomenandchildren.26.Whichofthefollowingbestservesasthetitleofthepassage?A.NatureExposure:BenefitsforBrainStressB.Urban-RuralLiving:MentalImpactDebatesC.AmygdalaActivity:KeytoStressReliefD.UrbanEnvironment:BrainHealthRisksDYouspendathirdofyourlifeasleep,acertainpartofwhichinvolvesdreaming.Butmostoften,youdon’trememberanyofyourdreams.Whiletheexactreasonofwhywecanhardlyrecallourdreamsisnotfullyknown,scientistshavegottensomeinsightintomemoryprocessesduringsleep,leadingtoseveralideasthatmayexplainourforgetfulness.Youareawake,butisyourhippocampus(海马体)awake?Whenwefallasleep,notallthebrain’sregionsgoofflineatthesametime.Researchershavefoundoneofthelastregionstogotosleepisthehippocampus,astructureinbrainthatisimportantformovinginformationfromshort-termmemoryintolong-termmemory.“Ifthehippocampusisthelasttogotosleep,itcouldverywellbethelasttowakeup,”saidThomasAndrillon,aneuroscientistatMonashUniversityinMelbourne,Australia.“So,youcouldhavethiswindowwhereyouwakeupwithadreaminyourshort-termmemory,butsincethehippocampusisnotfullyawakeyet,yourbrainisnotabletokeepthatmemory,”AndrillontoldLiveScience.Whilethismightexplainwhydreammemoriesaresofleeting,itdoesn’tmeanthatyourhippocampushasbeeninactivethroughoutthenight.Infact,thisregionisquiteactiveduringsleep,andappearstobestoringandcaringforexistingmemoriestostrengthenthem,insteadoflisteningforincomingnewexperiences.Sometimesyourdreamsarejustnotmemorable?Doyourememberwhatyouwerethinkingaboutthismorningwhenbrushingyourteeth?Ourmindswanderallthetime,butwegetridofmostofthosethoughtsasunimportantinformation.Dreams,especiallyordinaryones,maybejustlikedaydreamingthoughtsandbelievedbythebraintobetoouselesstoremember.Butdreamsthataremorevivid,emotionalandcoherent(连贯的)seemtobebetterremembered-perhapsbecausetheycausemoreawakening,andtheirorganizedstorymakesthemeasiertostore.Ifyouareinterestedinimprovingyourdreamrecall,thereareafewtrickstotry.Oneisdrinkingwaterbeforebed,becauseitwillmakeyouwakeupatnighttousethebathroom.Thesemiddle-of-the-nightawakeningsarefrequentlyaccompaniedbydreamrecall.Repeatedlyremindingyourselfthatyouwanttorememberyourdreamsmayincreaseyourchances,andsodoeskeepingadreamjournal,somestudieshavesuggested.Uponwakingup,hangontothatfragile(脆弱的)dreammemory:keepyoureyesclosed,staystillandreplaythedreammemory,untilyourhippocampuscatchesupandproperlystoresthememory.27.Whatcanwelearnaboutdreamsfromthepassage?A.Dreamingmeansprocessingmemoryduringsleeping.B.Dreamscomefromyourhippocampus.C.Dreamsaresometimesuselessforustoremember.D.Weneedspecialtrainingstorecallourdreams.28.Youcan’trememberyourdreamswhenyouwakeupprobablybecause________.A.youareforgetfulandpoorinrememberingthingsB.yourdreamsarevivid,emotionalandcoherentC.yourhippocampusisactiveinreceivingnewinformationD.yourbrainneedstostartuptomovedreamsintolong-termmemory29.WhichofthefollowingCANNOThelpyoutorecalladream?A.Improvetheabilityofyourhippocampustocatchupinformation.B.Keepremindingyourselfoftheneedtorememberyourdreams.C.Recordwhatyoucanrememberinyourdreamsuponawakening.D.Thinkbackonthethingsinyourdreamsdirectlyafteryouwakeup.30.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Totelltheimportanceofdreams.B.Toexplainourforgetfulnessindreams.C.Topresentsomemethodstorecalldreams.D.Toanalyzehowourbraindealwithinformation.IV．阅读表达(46—48题，每题2分;49题4分。共10分)阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Theworldisbecominglesslivablebecauseofclimatechangeandthelossofnature.Whatdoyouthinkwouldhelpyouandyourfriendschangeyourlifestylesanddosomethingtomakeahealthierplanet?HowcanweempoweryoungpeopletohelpprotecttheEarth?Educationmighthelp.Foryears,expertshavedevelopedenvironmentaleducationprogramswiththegoalofhelpingpeopleunderstandthenaturalenvironmentandwhatwecandotoprotectit.Manyenvironmentaleducationprogramsaredevelopedforyoungpeoplelikeyou.Youhavemorepowertomakeadifferencethanyoumightthink.Why?Youhavealongfutureaheadofyou.Thismeansthathowyouchoosetolivenowwillmakeabigdifferenceoverthecourseofyourlife.Yourlifestylechoicescaneveninspire(激励)yourparentsandgrandparents’generations.Environmentaleducationprogramsseemlikeaverygoodthing.Butdotheyreallywork?Theshortanswerisyes.Bysearchinglargeonlinedatabases(数据库)ofscientificstudies,wefoundthatenvironmentaleducationprogramsdeeplyinfluencepeople’sknowledge:Youngpeoplewhotakepartinenvironmentaleducationlearnalotaboutnature,theclimate,andwhattheycandotoprotecttheenvironment.Wealsofoundthatenvironmentaleducationhasmeaningfuleffectsonattitudes:Youngpeoplefeelpositiveabouttheenvironmentandmotivated(有动力的)toprotectit.Finally,environmentaleducationencouragesenvironmentalbehavior:Youngpeoplewhohavetakenpartinenvironmentaleducationaremorelikelytodothingstoprotecttheenvironment,suchasrecyclingwasteortakingshortershowerstosavewater,carryingareusablewaterbottle,orturningoffthelightswhenleavingaroom.Overall,wefoundthebenefitsofenvironmentaleducationprogramscanbeverybroad(广泛的).Theyhelpyoungpeopleknowabout,careabout,anddothingstoprotecttheenvironment.Environmentaleducationcanbeapowerfulwaytoprepareyoungpeopleforthefuture.Itdoesnotonlyhelpyoungpeopleunderstandwhatenvironmentalproblemsweface—italsoencouragesthemtoact.Butstill,someimportantquestionsremain.Forexample,whatisthebestwayforteacherstoteachenvironmentaleducation?Whichactivities(forexample,learninginclassorgoingtoacamp)workbestforchildrenofdifferentagegroups?Thereisnorightanswer—themostimportantthingistolearnfromeachother’sperspectives.31.Whyistheworldbecominglesslivable?____________________________________________________32.Whatisthegoalofenvironmentaleducationprograms?____________________________________________________33.Whatarethebenefitsofenvironmentaleducationprograms?____________________________________________________34.Accordingtothepassage,whatactivitycanyoudesignforanenvironmentaleducationprogramtoinfluenceyoungpeople?Whataretheinfluences?____________________________________________________第Ⅱ卷(共50分)Ⅰ．选词填空(共10小题;每小题2分，共20分)用方框中所给的词或词组的适当形式填空promiserecognizepassionimpressdepresscomeacrossbreakdownberegardedas...benefitfrom...fightfor35.Shedelivereda(n)________speechattheconference,clearlypresentingherinnovativeideas.36.Afteryearsofhardwork,shefinallyreceivedthe________shedeservedforherresearchinthemedicalfield.37.Sheisa________actresswhohasalreadycaughttheattentionofseveralmajordirectors.38.Myteacher’s________teachingstylei