山东省济宁市任城区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期4月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省济宁市任城区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期4月月考英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.Whatarethespeakerspreparingfor?A.Agraduationparty. B.Aretirementparty. C.Abirthdayparty.【答案】C【原文】W:DoesPeterknowwe’rehavingasurprisepartyforhimwhenheturns13thisweek?M:No.Hethinkswearegivingaretirementpartyfortheheadmaster.W:Iamsoexcited.Ithasbeenalongtimesincewepartiedtogether.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofboxing?A.Relaxing. B.Challenging. C.Energetic.【答案】B【原文】M:Doyoulikeboxing?W:Notreally,Ithinkit’stooviolent.Iprefersomethingquietandrelaxing,likeyoga.M:Well,Ithinkitisachallengingsport.I’mactuallyonmywaytothegym.I’mlearningboxingnow.3.Whydoesthemanlikehisnewhouse?A.Itisbiggerthantheoldone.B.Itisveryclosetohisschool.C.Itisnearhisfriends’houses.【答案】A【原文】W:Doyoulikeyournewhouse?M:It’snicetohaveenoughspaceforallmythings,soI’mgladthatImoved.ButImissmyfriendsandneighbors.Iespeciallymisslivingsoclosetotheschool.4.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Closeanaccount. B.Getanewcreditcard. C.Changehismailingaddress.【答案】B【原文】M:Hello,Ilostmycreditcardlastnight.CanIgetanewone?W:Sure!I’llfirstcancelthelostcard,andyoushouldreceiveanewoneinthreedays.Areyouatthesameaddress?M:Yes,thankyou.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Anewspaper. B.Awriter. C.Apoem.【答案】C【原文】W:Andy,that’salovelypoemyoujustread.Ican’tbelieveyouaresoskilledinwritingpoems.M:I’mgladyoulikeit.Actually,Icopieditfromanewspaper.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.WhendidTreeHeroprobablystarttoplanttrees?A.Attheageof20. B.Attheageof63. C.Attheageof83.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Readareport. B.Buyamagazine. C.Gotothelibrary.【答案】6.B7.C【原文】W:Hi,David.Whatareyoudoing?M:I’mreadingareportaboutamancalledTreeHero.W:Whoishe?M:Heisan83-year-oldmanwhohasbeenplantingtreesforalmost20years.W:Isee.DoyouknowamagazinecalledGreenChina?M:Ihaveheardaboutthemagazine,butIknowlittleaboutit.W:Maybetherearesomeintheschoollibrary.Whynotborrowone?M:Thatsoundsgood.Let’sgo.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingforhelp. B.Makinganinvitation. C.Givinganexplanation.9.WhatistheTVprogramabout?A.Englishidioms. B.Englishgrammar. C.Englishwords.10.Whatisthemangoingtodotonight?A.WatchTV. B.Gotothemovies. C.HavedinnerwithJenny.【答案】8.B9.A10.A【原文】M:Jenny,wouldyouliketogotothemovieswithmetonight?W:Iamafraidnot.Therearen’tanygoodfilmson.IwouldprefertostayathomeandwatchtheTVprogramaboutEnglishlearning.It’sfun.Wouldyouliketojoinme?M:No,Iamboredwithlearninggrammarandwords.W:Theshowisdifferentfromwhatyouthought.ItintroducessomepopularEnglishidioms.Forexample,youwanttoinviteagirltodinner,butshesays,“CouldIhavearaincheck?”Doyouknowwhatshemeans?M:Umm…maybeshewantstochecktheweather.W:Ofcoursenot.Infact,itmeansthatshecan’taccepttheinvitation,butshewouldliketodoitanothertime.M:That’skindofinteresting.W:Comeon.Let’swatchittogether.Iamsureyouwilllikeit.M:Fine.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.Whichtrainwillthemantake?A.The10:50one. B.The11:20one. C.The11:50one.12.Whatkindofticketdidthemanbookatfirst?A.Afirst-classticket. B.Asecond-classticket. C.Abusinessticket.13.Howwillthemanpay?A.Bycreditcard. B.Bycheck. C.Bycash.【答案】11.B12.B13.A【原文】M:Ihavejustmissedthe10:50traintoChicago.CanIchangetheticket?W:Ofcourse.PleaseshowmeyourticketandIDcard.M:Hereyouare.W:Whichtrainwouldyouliketochangeto?The11:20oneorthe11:50one?M:I’dliketotaketheearlierone.W:OK.Butthereareonlyfirst-classseatsandbusinessseatsleft.Wedon’thavesecond-classseatsnow.M:Nevermind.Icanchangetoafirst-classseat.W:Afirst-classseatcosts$110.Youneedtopay$25more.IsthatOK?M:OK,butIhavenocashonme.MayIpaybycheckorcreditcard?W:Sorry,wedon’tacceptchecks.M:OK.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Brotherandsister. C.Fatheranddaughter.15.WhatfestivaldidJanecelebratewithherfriendyesterday?A.TheSpringFestival. B.TheDragonBoatFestival. C.TheMid-AutumnFestival.16.Wheredoesthemanlive?A.InGuangzhou. B.InHongKong. C.InToronto.【答案】14.C15.C16.C【原文】M:Jane,you’vebeeninGuangzhouforamonth.Howiseverythinggoing?W:It’sgreat,Dad.Myfriendsareverykindtome.WehavejustreturnedfromafantastictriptoHongKong.AndIcelebratedanimportantfestivalwithmyfriendyesterday.M:Soundsexciting!Howdidyoucelebrateit?W:IwenttomyChinesefriend’shome.Itastedmooncakesandenjoyedthefullmoonwithherfamily.ShealsotoldmesomecustomsabouttheSpringFestivalandtheDragonBoatFestival.M:I’mhappytohearthatyouenjoyedyourself.Aremooncakesdelicious?W:Yes,they’reflavoredwithdifferenttastes.IwishyouandMumwerehereandcouldtrythem.M:Haha...MaybeyoucansendussometoToronto,dear.W:That’sagreatidea!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whyisthespeakermakingthespeech?A.Heisleavinghisjob. B.Hewillgetmarried. C.He’sjustreceivedanaward.18.Howlonghasthespeakerworkedattheuniversity?A.10years. B.15years. C.20years.19.Whowilltakeoverthespeaker’sposition?A.DavidArnold. B.AnneSharp. C.CraigAnderson.20.Whatdoesthespeakerintendtodonext?A.LearntheChineselanguage.B.Enjoythehoneymoon.C.TeachSpanishincollege.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【原文】M:First,I’dliketothankeveryoneforcomingtonight.Itissonicetohaveeveryoneheretocelebratethisspecialdaywithme.I’dalsoliketothankmygoodfriendDavidArnoldfororganizingthiswonderfulparty.My20yearsworkingattheuniversityhasbeenthehappiesttimeinmylife.I’vebeensoluckytohaveworkedwithsomanygoodpeople.IamveryhappythatAnneSharpwillbetakingovermyposition.Sheisaveryexperiencedprofessor,andIamencouragedtoseeshehassuchapassionforthisimportantjob.I’dalsoliketocongratulateherforgettingmarried.Anne,Iwishyoualongandhappylife,andIhopeyouenjoyyourhoneymooninFrance.Finally,I’dliketothankCraigAnderson.Itwashewhohadconvincedmetoworkhere,otherwiseIwouldhavebecomealawyer.SowhatwillIdowithmyselfnow?Asyouknow,I’minterestedinlanguagelearning.IalreadyspeakSpanish,somynextplanistolearnChinese.MywifeandIwillgotoChinathissummer.Onceagain,thankyou,everyone.Iwilltrulymissyouall.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIncelebrationofWorldReadingDay2026,CityCentralLibraryinvitesthepublictosubmitcreativeactivityproposalsforitsAprilevents.ProposalRequirementsThecallisopentoallcityresidents,regardlessofageorbackground.Submissionsmaybemadeindividuallyorbyagroupofupto3people.EachindividualorgroupmaysubmitonlyONEproposal.Allsubmissionsmustbetheapplicant’soriginalworkandsuitableforalibrarysetting.Theentireproposalshouldbeamaximumof250wordsandmustinclude:·Activitytitle:acreativeandappealingnameforyourproposedactivity·Activitydescription(maximum100words):aclearexplanationofhowtheactivitypromotesreadingandengagesparticipants·Targetaudience:aspecificationofwhethertheactivityisdesignedforchildren(5-12),teens(13-18),adults,ormixedagegroups·Estimatedduration:anindicationofhowlongtheactivitywilltake(e.g.,onehour,halfaday,oroneweek)·Spaceneeded:adescriptionofanyspecificlibraryspaceneeded(e.g.,thereadingroom,children’sarea,oroutdoorspace)SubmissionProposalsmustbesubmittedonlineby5:30PMonMarch23,2026,viathelibrary’sofficialwebsite.SelectionProposalswillbejudgedbyapanelof3librariansand2literatureteachersbasedonthefollowingcriteria:CriterionWeightCreativity30%Practicability45%Communityimpact25%Awards·BestCreativeIdeas(5winners):$50bookvouchers+one-yearlibrarymembership·HonorableMention(10winners):one-yearlibrarymembership21.Howcanagroupof6peopleparticipateinthiscontest?A.Theymayformtwogroups. B.Theymustfindonemoreperson.C.Theycansubmitasonegroup. D.Theyhavetosubmitindividually.22.Whatshouldbeincludedintheproposal?A.A350-wordactivitydescription. B.Estimatedaudiencenumber.C.Thelibraryarearequired. D.Alistofbooksneeded.23.Whatshouldapplicantsfocusonmostwhenpreparingtheirproposal?A.Isitcompletelynew? B.Isitpracticaltocarryout?C.Doesitappealtochildren? D.Doesithaveacreativetitle?【答案】21.A22.C23.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。介绍了市中央图书馆为2026年世界读书日征集活动方案的有关事项。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据ProposalRequirements部分“Submissionsmaybemadeindividuallyorbyagroupofupto3people.(你可以单独提交申请，也可以由最多3人组成小组一起提交)”可知，一群人（共6人）可以分成两个小组参加这次比赛。故选A。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据ProposalRequirements部分“Spaceneeded:adescriptionofanyspecificlibraryspaceneeded(e.g.,thereadingroom,children’sarea,oroutdoorspace)(所需空间：请描述任何特定的图书馆空间需求（例如，阅览室、儿童活动区或户外空间）)”可知，提案中应包含图书馆所需区域。故选C。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据Selection部分“Practicability45%(实用性45%)”比较其他可知，实用性占比最高，故申请人在准备提案时最应该关注这项措施是否可行。故选B。BThere’sanannoyingpotatochipbaghalf-buriedintheearth.EachtimeIcatchitwithinmylitterpicker,anotherpiecetearsoff.Ikeeptryinguntilallthepiecesareinmybag.ThenImoveon.Fouryearsago,Iwasdeeplysaddenedaboutenvironmentalandclimatecrises.Duringanonlinemeetingwithapsychologicalcounselor(心理咨询师),Ievencriedinfrontofmycomputerscreen,worryingaboutturtledoves,abirdmostlikelytodieoutnextintheU.K.Itwashewhoguidedmeontovolunteering,givingmethreerules:makeitsimple,immediateandshared.That’show,aweeklater,IfoundmyselfinVictoriaParkinAshford,Kent,fishingoldcarrierbagsoutoftheriver.Ithinkthatthebestwaytoliftyourspiritswhenyou’refeelingdownistodosomethingniceforyourself.However,researchsuggeststhataltruistic(利他的)actsworkevenbetter.IdidnotknowthiswhenIsignedupwiththepreservationgroup.NordidIknowthatvolunteeringisrelatedtogreaterself-respect,betterself-reportedhealthandlifesatisfaction,orthathelpingothersactivatesyourbrain’s“reward”system.Inevermindedifthetasksweretiringorrepetitive;Iwastakingaction.EverytimeIvolunteered,Icamehomebrightenedupbythefreshair,thenaturalenvironmentandthecompany—and,perhapsmostofall,byactinginlinewithwhatIvalue.SometimesIstillwonder:Arewereallymakingadifference,orjustmakingourselvesfeelbetter?ThenIremindmyselfofBritishauthorIsabelLosada’swordsinTheJoyfulEnvironmentalist:“Don’tbepreventedbypeoplesayingyouractionsarejustadropintheocean.What’sanoceanexceptmillionsuponmillionsofdrops?”24.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasgiventomentalguidance.B.Hewasexpertinpickingrubbish.C.Heoncewashopelessoftheecology.D.Hewasunwillingtovolunteeratfirst.25.WhatdidtheauthorrealizeaftertheactivityinVictoriaPark?A.Benefitingoneselfbroughthappiness.B.Thebestrewardliedinrepetitiveacts.C.Volunteeringwasrelatedtoself-worth.D.Thepreservationgroupwaswellliked.26.WhydoestheauthorrefertoIsabelLosada?A.Tostressthevalueofpeople. B.Toencouragesmallkindacts.C.Topromotenatureprotection. D.Toexpressthelovefordrops.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleofthetext?A.Anactofself-respect B.OnedropintheoceanC.Threerulesofvolunteering D.A“reward”systeminbrain【答案】24.C25.C26.B27.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者因担忧环境和气候危机接受心理指导后，参与环保志愿活动，在行动中收获成长并领悟小行动的价值。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Fouryearsago,Iwasdeeplysaddenedaboutenvironmentalandclimatecrises.Duringanonlinemeetingwithapsychologicalcounselor(心理咨询师),Ievencriedinfrontofmycomputerscreen,worryingaboutturtledoves,abirdmostlikelytodieoutnextintheU.K.(四年前，我对环境和气候危机深感悲痛。在与心理咨询师的一次线上会议中，我甚至在电脑屏幕前哭了，担心斑鸠——这种在英国下一个最有可能灭绝的鸟类)”可知，作者曾经对生态环境感到极度悲痛和担忧，近乎绝望。故选C项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“IdidnotknowthiswhenIsignedupwiththepreservationgroup.NordidIknowthatvolunteeringisrelatedtogreaterself-respect,betterself-reportedhealthandlifesatisfaction,orthathelpingothersactivatesyourbrain’s“reward”system.(我加入保护小组时并不知道这一点。我也不知道志愿服务与更强的自尊、更好的自我报告健康状况和生活满意度有关，也不知道帮助他人会激活大脑的“奖励”系统)”以及第四段中的“EverytimeIvolunteered,Icamehomebrightenedupbythefreshair,thenaturalenvironmentandthecompany—and,perhapsmostofall,byactinginlinewithwhatIvalue.(每次做志愿者，我回家时都会因新鲜的空气、自然环境和同伴而心情舒畅——或许最重要的是，因践行自己所珍视的东西而愉悦)”可知，作者在维多利亚公园参与志愿活动后，意识到志愿服务与自我价值相关，践行自己珍视的事能带来满足感。故选C项。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“SometimesIstillwonder:Arewereallymakingadifference,orjustmakingourselvesfeelbetter?ThenIremindmyselfofBritishauthorIsabelLosada’swordsinTheJoyfulEnvironmentalist:“Don’tbepreventedbypeoplesayingyouractionsarejustadropintheocean.What’sanoceanexceptmillionsuponmillionsofdrops?”(有时我仍然会想：我们真的在带来改变吗？还是只是在让自己感觉更好？然后我就会想起英国作家伊莎贝尔·洛萨达在《快乐的环保主义者》中的话：“不要因为有人说你的行动只是沧海一粟就停下脚步。除了千千万万的水滴，大海又是什么呢？”)”可知，作者引用伊莎贝尔·洛萨达的话，是为了鼓励人们不要忽视小的善举，无数小行动汇聚起来就能产生巨大影响。故选B项。【27题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合最后一段中的“SometimesIstillwonder:Arewereallymakingadifference,orjustmakingourselvesfeelbetter?ThenIremindmyselfofBritishauthorIsabelLosada’swordsinTheJoyfulEnvironmentalist:“Don’tbepreventedbypeoplesayingyouractionsarejustadropintheocean.What’sanoceanexceptmillionsuponmillionsofdrops?”(有时我仍然会想：我们真的在带来改变吗？还是只是在让自己感觉更好？然后我就会想起英国作家伊莎贝尔·洛萨达在《快乐的环保主义者》中的话：“不要因为有人说你的行动只是沧海一粟就停下脚步。除了千千万万的水滴，大海又是什么呢？”)”可知，作者从担忧生态危机、接受心理引导，到参与环保志愿活动，在过程中疑惑自己的小行动是否有意义，最终通过伊莎贝尔·洛萨达的话领悟到“沧海一粟”的价值——无数小行动能汇聚成巨大力量。B选项“沧海一粟”既呼应了文中的引言，又点明了文章核心：小行动亦有大价值，适合作为标题。故选B项。CAIhasawaterproblem,whichworriesusalot.PeopleareincreasinglyusingAItoolsintheirdailypersonalandprofessionallives.Alargeamountofheatisproducedbytheenergyrequiredtopowerthetools.Thisheatgoesintodatacenters,whichsupplythecomputationalsupportandstoragespacethatAIneedstofunction.TherearenorulesforAIandnolawsrequiringtechnologycompaniestodealwiththeproblem.That’sledscientistslikeShaoleiRen,anassociateprofessoratUCRiverside,toinvestigatethisquestionindependently.Ashenotes,coolingdownthedatacentersrequiresagreatamountofwater,similartotheamountusedbytensofthousandsofresidents.“Whenyouusewaterforashower,forexample,itcanberepurposed,”saysRen,whostudiesAI’ssocialandenvironmentalresponsibility.“Whenwaterisevaporated(蒸发)tocooldownadatacenter,it’sgoneforever.”EvenbeforethecurrentAIdevelopment,datacenters’waterandenergydemandshadsteadilyincreased.In2022,accordingtoGoogle,itsdatacentersusedoverfivebilliongallonsofwater,20percentmorethanin2021;Microsoftused34percentmorewatercompanywidein2022thanin2021.AndAIwillonlyaddtotheexistingresource(资源)demandthatdatacenterscreatefortheglobalenergysystem:In2026,electricityconsumption(消耗)atdatacentersduetotheincreasinguseofAIwilldoubletheamountin2022,theInternationalEnergyAgencysays.“Iexplainitinthewaymykidunderstands,”saysRen.“IfyouhaveaconversationwithChatGPTfor10to50questionsandanswers,itwilluseabout500millilitersofwater,orthesizeofabottleofwater.Thisshockingwaterconsumptionshowshownecessaryitisforthetechnologyindustrytoputmoremoneyinanddevelopenergy-savingAItoreducewasteandprotectEarth’sresources.”28.Whatisthemainissuediscussedinthetext?A.ThesafetyrisksofAI. B.Thelimitedcomputationalsupport.C.TheenergyconsumptionbyAI. D.Thehighcostofbuildingdatacenters.29.Howdoeswaterusedfordatacentersdifferfromshowerwater?A.Itcannotbereused. B.It’scleanerinquality.C.Itconsumeslesswater. D.It’streatedwithchemicals.30.WhydoestheauthormentionGoogleandMicrosoftinParagraph3?A.ToexplainhowdatacentersworktosupportAI.B.Topraisethetwocompaniesfortechnologicalprogress.C.Toprovedatacentersuselargeamountsofwater.D.TocomparetheirdifferentattitudestowardAI.31.What’sthepurposeofRen’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.TopromotethepopularuseofAI.B.TostressthepowerfulfunctionsofAI.C.Toprovidetheexactdataforresearchers.D.TocallforthedevelopmentofgreenerAI.【答案】28.C29.A30.C31.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人工智能（AI）发展所面临的水资源问题。【28题详析】主旨大意题。根据原文第一段“AIhasawaterproblem,whichworriesusalot.PeopleareincreasinglyusingAItoolsintheirdailypersonalandprofessionallives.Alargeamountofheatisproducedbytheenergyrequiredtopowerthetools.(人工智能面临着水资源问题，这令我们深感担忧。人们在日常的个人生活和职业工作中越来越多地使用人工智能工具。这些工具运行所需的能源会产生大量热量。)”以及全文围绕AI带来的水和能源消耗展开论述可知，文章探讨的核心问题是人工智能的能源消耗问题。故选C。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据原文第二段““Whenyouusewaterforashower,forexample,itcanberepurposed,”saysRen,whostudiesAI’ssocialandenvironmentalresponsibility.“Whenwaterisevaporated(蒸发)tocooldownadatacenter,it’sgoneforever.”(任表示：“以淋浴用水为例，这些水可以被再利用。”任的研究方向是人工智能的社会与环境责任。“而当水被用于为数据中心降温而蒸发后，就永远消失了。”)”可知，用于数据中心的水和洗澡水的区别在于前者无法被再次利用。故选A。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“EvenbeforethecurrentAIdevelopment,datacenters’waterandenergydemandshadsteadilyincreased.In2022,accordingtoGoogle,itsdatacentersusedoverfivebilliongallonsofwater,20percentmorethanin2021;Microsoftused34percentmorewatercompanywidein2022thanin2021.(即便在当前人工智能蓬勃发展之前，数据中心的用水量和能源需求就已持续攀升。据谷歌披露，2022年其数据中心用水量超过50亿加仑，较2021年增长20%；微软2022年全公司范围内的用水量也比2021年增加了34%。)”可知，作者在第三段中提及谷歌和微软是为了证明数据中心会消耗大量水资源。故选C。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据原文最后一段““Iexplainitinthewaymykidunderstands,”saysRen.“IfyouhaveaconversationwithChatGPTfor10to50questionsandanswers,itwilluseabout500millilitersofwater,orthesizeofabottleofwater.Thisshockingwaterconsumptionshowshownecessaryitisforthetechnologyindustrytoputmoremoneyinanddevelopenergy-savingAItoreducewasteandprotectEarth’sresources.”(任说道：“我会用我孩子能理解的方式来解释。”“如果你和ChatGPT进行10到50轮的问答交流，它将消耗约500毫升水，相当于一瓶水的量。这种惊人的耗水量表明，科技行业有必要投入更多资金，开发节能型人工智能，以减少浪费、保护地球资源，这势在必行。”)”可知，任教授说这些话的目的是呼吁研发更环保的人工智能。故选D。DSickyoungantsgiveoffasmelltotellworkerantstodestroythemtoprotectthegroupfrominfection(感染),butqueensdonotmakethisself-sacrifice(自我牺牲),scientistssaidTuesday.Manyanimalshideillnessforsocialreasons.Antgroups,however,actasone“super-organism”whichworkstoensurethesurvivalofall,similartohowinfectedcellsinourbodiessendouta“find-meandeat-me”message,accordingtoanAustria-ledteamofscientists.Whenadultworkerantsfallill,theyleavethenesttodiealone.Youngants,knownaspupae,however,aretrappedinsidecocoons(蛹壳)andcannotkeeptheirsocialdistance.Scientistshavefoundthatdyingpupaeexperienceachemicalchangethatgivesoffaspecialsmell.Adultworkerantsthengatheraround,removethecocoon,“biteholesinthepupaeandputharmfulanddeadlymatterintotheirbody,”Dawsonsaid.Fortheresearch,thescientistswantedtofindoutwhetherthepupae“wereactivelysaying:‘hey,comeandkillme,’”Dawsonsaid.First,thescientistscollectedthesmellfromthesickpupaeofablackgardenant.Whentheyappliedthesmelltoagroupofhealthyyoungerantsinthelab,theworkersstilldestroyedthem.Anotherexperimentshowedsickpupaeonlyproducethesmellwhenworkersarenearby,provingitanintentionaldestructionmessage.“Whileitisasacrifice—atrulyaltruisticact—it’salsofortheirowngood,fortheirkindwillsurviveandcontinueon,”Dawsonsaid.However,onememberofthenestmakesnosuchsacrifice.Theteamfoundsickqueenpupaeinsidecocoonssendoutnosmellywarningmessage.“Aretheycheatingthesystem?”Dawsonsaidtheteamaskedthemselves.However,theyfoundqueenpupaehavefarstrongerimmune(免疫)systemsandcanfightinfectionalone,whichiswhytheysendnomessage.Dawsonhopesfuturestudieswillexplorewhetherqueenpupaewillsacrificethemselvesiftheyfailtobeattheinfection.32.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“find-meandeat-me”message?A.Tocontrastdiseaseanswersininsectsandhumans.B.Toexplaintheself-sacrificemessagesystemoftheants.C.Toshowhowantscarryoutsocialdistancinginthenest.D.Todescribethemeansscientistsusedintheirexperiment.33.Whatdoestheword“altruistic”inParagraph4mostnearlymean?A.Drivenbyself-preservationhabits.B.Controlledbyinbornprogramming.C.Causedbyouterchemicalmessages.D.Carriedoutforthebenefitofothers.34.Whydon’tqueenpupaesendoutthewarningmessage?A.Theyhavebetterimmunedefensesagainstinfection.B.Theyuseabiologicalmethodtoavoidbeingfound.C.Theyputoffmessaginguntiltheinfectionprogresses.D.Theydependonspecializedprotectivesystems.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Differentantspeciesshowvarioussacrificebehaviors.B.Sickyoungantssendmessagesaskingfortreatment.C.Queenantsrefusetomessageandbreakawayfromsacrifice.D.Sickyoungantsinvitedestructiontosavetheantgroup.【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家研究发现，生病的蚂蚁蛹会释放特殊气味，让工蚁消灭自己以保护蚁群；蚁后蛹因免疫系统强大，无需发出此类信号、做出自我牺牲。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Manyanimalshideillnessforsocialreasons.Antgroups,however,actasone“super-organism”whichworkstoensurethesurvivalofall,similartohowinfectedcellsinourbodiessendouta“find-meandeat-me”message,accordingtoanAustria-ledteamofscientists.(许多动物会出于社交原因隐藏自身的疾病。然而，蚁群却作为一个“超级生物体”协同行动，旨在确保所有成员的生存，这与我们体内受感染的细胞发出“找我并吃掉我”的信号的方式类似，据一个由奥地利科学家领导的研究团队所言。)”可知，第二段将蚂蚁群体比作“超级生物体”，提及人体感染细胞的“找我并吃掉我”信号，是为类比解释蚂蚁生病后发出信号、自我牺牲的机制。故选B项。【33题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“Whileitisasacrifice—atruly…act—it’salsofortheirowngood,fortheirkindwillsurviveandcontinueon.(虽然这是一种牺牲行为——一种真正……的举动——但这也是为了它们自身的利益，因为它们的同类能够存活并继续繁衍下去。)”由此可知，这是一种真正无私的举动，故可猜测altruistic意为“利他的、为他人利益的”，和D选项Carriedoutforthebenefitofothers.“为了他人的利益而行动”意思相近。故选D项。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However,theyfoundqueenpupaehavefarstrongerimmune(免疫)systemsandcanfightinfectionalone,whichiswhytheysendnomessage.(他们发现，蚁后蛹的免疫系统要强大得多，能够独自对抗感染，这就是它们不发出信号的原因。)”可知，蚁后蛹不会发出警报信息是因为它们拥有更强的抗感染免疫力。故选A项。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Sickyoungantsgiveoffasmelltotellworkerantstodestroythemtoprotectthegroupfrominfection(感染),butqueensdonotmakethisself-sacrifice(自我牺牲),scientistssaidTuesday.(科学家周二表示，生病的幼蚁会发出一种气味，告诉工蚁消灭它们，以保护蚁群不受感染，但蚁后不会做出这种自我牺牲。)”可知，全文核心为生病的幼蚁（蛹）会释放气味，主动让工蚁消灭自己，以此保护蚁群免受感染，蚁后蛹则因免疫力强无需如此。由此可知，这篇文章的最佳标题是“患病的幼蚁主动寻求毁灭以拯救蚁群”。故选D项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Rockmusicconsistsofmanydifferentstyles.Eventhoughthereisacommonspiritamongallmusicgroups,theymakeverydifferentmusic.___36___AtthattimetheBeatlesenteredtheworldofmusicfromLiverpool.AftertheyweregivenaninvitationtoappearliveonBBC,theBeatlesquicklybecamefamousinBritainwithnationwidetours.Bymid-1963,theBeatleshadbeenextremelypopularinEngland.___37___Theyheldlargeconcertsandperformedatclubs.TheybecamethehottestthingonthepopmusicsceneinEngland.Theybeganasamodestlysuccessfulmusiciangroupandendedtheyearasshowbusinesslegends(传说).JohnLennonandPaulMcCartneywerenamedcomposersoftheyear.___38___TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreacttothenewtypeofmusic.BeatlemaniahitNewYorkonFebruary7,1964.Hundredsoffansjammedtheairporttogreetthem.___39___Theconcertwasbroadcastliveandattractedthelargestonenightaudienceinthehistoryoftelevisionuptothattime.TheBeatlesweredescribedasaBritishinvasion(入侵)bylocalandnationwidenewspapersatthattime.TheirvictoryinAmericawasstillrememberedasamajorturningpointinthehistoryofrockandroll.ThankstotheBeatles,alotofopportunitieswereopeneduptonewfacesonthemarket.___40___A.TheydecidedonatourtotheUnitedStatesin1964.B.Eventheirhairstylesbecamemajortrendsatthattime.C.Rockmusicdevelopedinthe1950sandtheearly1960s.D.However,theirsongschangedthelivesofgenerationstocome.E.ManyrockbandswereabletofollowinthefootstepsoftheBeatles.F.TheyappearedinthefilmsAHardDay'sNight(1964)andHelp！(1965).G.TheyperformedtheirfirstconcertinAmericaatCBStelevision’s53rdstreetstudio.【答案】36.C37.B38.A39.G40.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了披头士乐队的成功引领了摇滚乐等一系列新的潮流趋势。【36题详析】第一段讲述摇滚音乐，根据空后的atthattime可知，前句提到了时间，而且与rockmusic有关，选项中只有C项讲的是摇滚音乐，并且讲述了其发展的时间，故选C。【37题详析】空前后都是讲述披头士的出名程度，根据空前extremelypopularinEngland以及后文的theybecamethehottestthing可知，此处描述了他们的影响，选项B（甚至他们的发型在那时也成为了一种潮流）符合文意，且关键词even是一个提示，故选B。【38题详析】根据空后TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreacttothenewtypeofmusic.（他们不确定美国人怎样反应），可知他们首次来美国演出，所以A项（决定首次到美国开巡回演出）符合文意，故选A。【39题详析】根据空后Theconcertwasbroadcastliveandattractedthelargestonenightaudienceinthehistoryoftelevisionuptothattime.可知，前句中应该出现concert，选项G中的关键词theirfirstconcert前后呼应。故选G。【40题详析】根据空前（由于披头士，市场上出现了很多新面孔），E项（很多摇滚乐队都是模仿披头士），符合逻辑，披头士乐队为摇滚乐开拓了市场。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分），阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。SanadreamedofbecomingafamousarchitecteversinceseeingtheEiffelTowerinaschooltextbook.Yetherjourneywasn’tas____41____asshe’dexpected.Herfirstmajordifficultycamewhenapplyingforaninternship(实习岗)atanarchitecture____42____.Shehadspentweeks____43____herprojects,confidentthatherworkwouldimpressthem.However,shehadadeadlybreakdownbythe____44____:“You’renotexperiencedenough.”Foramoment,sheconsideredgivingup.Butthewordshermothersaidkeptringinginherears:“Successdoesn’tcome____45____.Itfavorsthosewhorefusetoquit.”Inspired,sheworkedhardtoperfectherdesigns.Sheworkedwithlocalbuildersto____