山东淄博市2025-2026学年下学期高三模拟考试（一模）英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东淄博市2025-2026学年下学期高三模拟考试（一模）英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATCMOlfactionDiagnosisMeetsModernSensingTechnologyTCMOlfactionDiagnosisTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM),withahistoryofthousandsofyears,usesfourmainmethodsfordiagnosis.Amongthem,olfactiondiagnosis,diagnosisbysmell,knownas“WenZhen”,playsavitalrole.Itinvolvesassessingapatient’shealthbynoticingsmellsfromtheirbreathorbody.However,thismethodhaslongdependedheavilyonthedoctor’spersonalexperience,whichcanleadtoinconsistentresultsandmakesitdifficulttomeasureprecisely.ModernTech’sTransformationModerntechnologyisnowtransformingthislong-standingchallenge.Scientistshavefoundthathumanbreathcontainsavarietyofminutechemicalsubstancesknownasvolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs).TheseVOCs,whencapturedandanalyzedbymoderndetectingdevices,formauniquedigital“breathprint”foreachindividual—aspecificprofileofVOCs.Thisprofilecanreflectthebody’shealthconditions,whichcorrespondswiththecoreprinciplesofTCMolfactiondiagnosis.Byanalyzingthebreathprint,thesubjectiveartoftraditionalolfactorydiagnosiscanbeconvertedintoobjectiveandmeasurabledata,layingasolidfoundationforitsscientificstandardization.FutureprospectsWiththehelpofVOCdetectionmethodsandartificialintelligence(AI),TCMsmelldiagnosisisbecomingmorescientific.AIcananalyzecomplexVOCdatatorecognizeTCMpatternsandevenpointoutpossibleproblemsincertainbodysystemswithmuchgreaterconsistency.Althoughchallengesremain,suchassettingstandardsforbreathsamplecollectionandclearlydefiningTCMpatterns,integratingancientTCMwisdomwithmodernsciencekeepsthevalueoftraditionalTCMwhilegivingitanewscientificfoundation.ThiscombinationisexpectedtomakeTCMdiagnosismorestandardandopenupnewopportunitiesforhealthcaredevelopmentaroundtheworld.1.WhyisVOCsanalysisadoptedinTCMOlfactionDiagnosis?A.Tofocusonseriousdiseases. B.Tomakediagnosismoreobjective.C.Toapplyartificialintelligence. D.Toreplacetraditionalmethods.2.Inwhichstepisthe“breathprint”formed?A.SampleCollection. B.VOCsDetection.C.DataProcessing. D.ResultsAnalysis.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.ATCMguidebook. B.Amedicalexampaper.C.Apatientcarebrochure. D.Amedicaltechnologyjournal.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍现代科技如何革新中医闻诊并展望其前景。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据ModernTech’sTransformation部分中“Byanalyzingthebreathprint,thesubjectiveartoftraditionalolfactorydiagnosiscanbeconvertedintoobjectiveandmeasurabledata,layingasolidfoundationforitsscientificstandardization.(通过分析呼吸印记，传统嗅觉诊断的主观艺术可以转化为客观可测量的数据，为其科学标准化奠定坚实基础。)”可知，在中医闻诊中采用VOCs分析是为了使诊断更加客观。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ModernTech’sTransformation部分中“TheseVOCs,whencapturedandanalyzedbymoderndetectingdevices,formauniquedigital“breathprint”foreachindividual—aspecificprofileofVOCs.(这些VOCs被现代检测设备捕获并分析后，会为每个人形成一个独特的数字“呼吸印记”——一种特定的VOCs特征。)”可知，“呼吸印记”是在VOCs检测这一步骤中形成的。故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章标题“TCMOlfactionDiagnosisMeetsModernSensingTechnology(中医闻诊邂逅现代传感技术)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了中医闻诊与现代传感技术的结合，包括中医闻诊的介绍、现代技术如何改变中医闻诊以及未来的前景等，属于医学科技内容，因此文章可能来自一本医学技术期刊。故选D。BForfifteenyearsasaTorontocorporatelawyer,mylifewasmeasuredinhoursanddeadlines.Efficiencywasnotjustahabit;itwasmyidentity.ThenIjoinedawildernesscanoe(独木舟)tripinnorthernQuebec—adecisionthatwouldchallengeeverythingIbelievedabouttime.Ourguide,aCreekeldernamedJoseph,movedwithadeliberatenessthatinitiallyfrustratedme.Eachmorning,hespentnearlyanhourmakingtea,watchingthelake,readingthesky.Icalculatedhowmuchgroundwecouldcover.Threedayslater,Ifinallyaskedwhywecouldn’tpackupfaster.Helookedatmewithsomethingbetweenamusementandpity.“Whereareyougoingthat’ssoimportant?”Thequestioncaughtmeoffguard.IopenedmymouthandrealizedIhadnothingtosay.Asuddenemptinesswashedoverme,leavingmecompletelyspeechless.Buthisnextwordsstruckdeeper.“Mypeoplehavetraveledthesewatersforthousandsofyears,”hesaid.“Theoneswhohurrymakemistakes.Theymissthesigns.Theytiptheircanoesinrapidstheyshouldhaveseen.Theriverdoesn’tcarehowfastyouwanttogo.”Ibrushedoffhiswordsasromanticwisdomuntilweranasetofrapids.Iwasinthebow,paddlinghard,focusedonspeed.Josephcalledfromthestern(船尾):“Slowdown.Feelthewater.”Iturnedadeafeartohim.Momentslater,wecaughtanedgeIhadn’tnoticed,andthecanoetipped,throwingusbothintofreezingwater.Aswedraggedthecanoeashore,Josephsaidnothing.Hissilencewasmoreoverwhelmingthananylecture.Thatnight,sittingbythefire,Ibegantounderstand.Mywholelifehadbeenaboutconqueringtime.Buthere,speedhadliterallysunkme.IreturnedtoTorontowithsomethingfundamentalshifted.Whencolleaguesracethroughmeetings,checkingemailswhilepretendingtolisten,IfindmyselfthinkingofJoseph.Theriverstillflowsthroughme—aquietreminderthatsomethingscannotberushed.Theunhurriedarenotalwaysslow;sometimes,theyaresimplywiseenoughtorecognizewhatdeservestheirfullattention.4.Whatmadetheauthorspeechlessaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Hislackofcommunicationskills. B.Joseph’srudeattitudetowardshim.C.Joseph’ssimplebutpowerfulquestion. D.Hisembarrassmentathisimpatience.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“brushedoff”meaninparagraph4?A.Ignored. B.Rejected. C.Embraced. D.Doubted.6.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?A.Speeditselfisanobstacletorealsuccess.B.Nativewisdomoffersanswerstourbanstress.C.Trueprogressrequiresknowingwhatmatters.D.Wildernesstraveltransformsanyonewhotriesit.7.Whichmightbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AWiseCreeGuide B.ACanoeAdventureC.TheEfficiencyTrap D.TheRiver’sPace【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者经历独木舟之旅后，领悟到“不要一味求快，要顺应从容的节奏”的道理。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Whereareyougoingthat’ssoimportant?”Thequestioncaughtmeoffguard.IopenedmymouthandrealizedIhadnothingtosay.Asuddenemptinesswashedoverme,leavingmecompletelyspeechless.(“你要去的地方有什么特别的重要之处吗？”这个问题出乎我的意料。我张开嘴，却发现自己无话可说。一种突如其来的空虚感涌上心头，让我完全说不出话来)”可知，约瑟夫那简单却极具力量的问题让作者一下子说不出话来。故选C。【5题详析】词义猜测题。根据划线词上文““Theoneswhohurrymakemistakes.Theymissthesigns.Theytiptheircanoesinrapidstheyshouldhaveseen.Theriverdoesn’tcarehowfastyouwanttogo.”(“那些行动匆忙的人往往会犯错。他们忽视了种种迹象。他们会在本应能预见的急流中把独木舟弄翻。河流可不在乎你想要以多快的速度前行。”)”及所在句“I

brushedoffhiswordsasromanticwisdomuntilweranasetofrapids.(起初，我对他的话_______，认为那是些浪漫的说辞，直到我们经过了一段急流区域，我才开始认真思考他的话)”可知，作者对约瑟夫刚开始说的话不以为然，划线词与ignored意思相近。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Ibegantounderstand.Mywholelifehadbeenaboutconqueringtime.Buthere,speedhadliterallysunkme.(我终于明白了。我的一生都在努力与时间赛跑。但在这里，速度却实实在在地将我击垮了)”及最后一段“Theriverstillflowsthroughme—aquietreminderthatsomethingscannotberushed.Theunhurriedarenotalwaysslow;sometimes,theyaresimplywiseenoughtorecognizewhatdeservestheirfullattention.(那条河流依然在我心中流淌——它默默地提醒着我，有些事情是不能匆忙完成的。那些不慌不忙的人并不总是行动迟缓；有时，他们只是足够明智，能够意识到哪些事情值得他们全神贯注地去对待)”可知，作者在这次旅行中，感受到了自己一直重视的速度却将自己击垮，那些不慌不忙的人能够认识到哪些事情才是真正重要的，因此，作者的经历展示了“真正的进步需要明确知道什么才是重要的事情”。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“ThenIjoinedawildernesscanoe(独木舟)tripinnorthernQuebec—adecisionthatwouldchallengeeverythingIbelievedabouttime.(随后，我参加了在魁北克北部进行的野外独木舟之旅——这个决定彻底改变了我对时间的认知)”及全文内容可知，本文围绕作者在河流独木舟旅行中获得的感悟展开：不要一味求快，要顺应从容的节奏；结尾也点明“Theriverstillflowsthroughme(河流始终在我心中提醒我这个道理)”，TheRiver’sPace（河流的节奏）既贯穿了旅行线索，也贴合核心主旨，为最佳标题。故选D。CBerlin’sEastSideGalleryattractsmillionsofvisitorseachyear.Touristscrowdbeforevibrantmurals(壁画)paintedaftertheColdWar,butfewpausetoconsiderwhatliesbeneaththepaint:anoriginalsectionoftheBerlinWall.Thearthasbecometheattraction;thehistoryitcovershasfadedintobackground.ThispatternextendsfarbeyondBerlin.Acrosstheglobe,oldbuildingsfallfornewdevelopments.Thelogicseemsunarguable:citiesmustgrow,economiesmustexpand.Butwhatdisappearswhenweerase(清除)thephysicaltracesofourpast?UrbanhistorianDoloresHaydendescribescitiesas“palimpsests”—manuscriptswrittenuponrepeatedly,earlierversionsneverfullyerased.InherstudyofLosAngeles,shedocumentedhowdevelopmentprojectsrepeatedlytoredowncommunitiesinhabitedbyMexican-AmericanandAfrican-Americanfamilies,replacingthemwithfreewaysandsquares.Thenewstructuresservedeconomicambitions,buttheyalsoerasedmaterialevidencethatthesecommunitieseverexisted.“Whenthebuildingsdisappear,”Haydenwrites,“sodoesthetangible(有形的)proofthatthesepeoplelivedhere,workedhere,matteredhere.”Somearguethatmemorycansurvivethroughphotographsanddocuments.Infact,thereisadifferencebetweenknowingaboutaplaceandexperiencingit.Aphotographofanoldchurchconveysitsappearance;walkingthroughitsdoorsconveyssomethingelseentirely—theheightoftheceiling,theechooffootsteps,theweightofsilence.Thesearenotdetails;theyarethesubstanceofembodiedmemory.Researchinenvironmentalpsychologysuggeststhatphysicalspacesmaintaincollectiveidentity.Whencommunitieslosefamiliarlandmarks,theylosereferencepointsthatconnectindividualstosharedhistory.Theresultcanbespatialdisorientation—notmerelynotknowingwhereyouare,butnotknowingwhoyouareinrelationtothosewhocamebefore.Noneofthisarguesagainstalldevelopment.Everygenerationinheritsacityandpassesoneon.Somewallsaremeanttofall.Othersaremeanttostand—physicalspacesgroundmemoryinwaysthatimagesalonecannot,groundingusinapastthatcontinuestoshapewhoweare.8.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph1?A.Topresentaphenomenonandintroducethetopic.B.Tocontrasthistoricalsignificancewithmodernappeal.C.Tocriticizetheover-commercializationofhistoricsites.D.Toexplainwhyhistoryisoverlookedandunderestimated.9.WhatdoestheexampleofLosAngelesintendtoillustrate?A.Thecostofurbandevelopment. B.Theroleofeconomicambitions.C.Thepreservationoftangibleproof. D.Thesuccessofredevelopmentprojects.10.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthecommunitieslosinglandmarks?A.Theycherishsharedhistory. B.Theyfaceidentityconfusion.C.Theymaintaincollectiveidentity. D.Theyprioritizegrowthovermemory.11.Whatdoesthetextconvey?A.Historyoutweighsartinvalue. B.Photospreservememoryinadequately.C.Citiesfaceagrowth-or-historychoice. D.Physicalspacesholdirreplaceablememory.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章借柏林墙等例子，指出城市开发易抹去历史痕迹，而实体空间承载着不可替代的集体记忆与身份认同，城市发展不应忽视历史留存。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Berlin’sEastSideGalleryattractsmillionsofvisitorseachyear.Touristscrowdbeforevibrantmurals(壁画)paintedaftertheColdWar,butfewpausetoconsiderwhatliesbeneaththepaint:anoriginalsectionoftheBerlinWall.Thearthasbecometheattraction;thehistoryitcovershasfadedintobackground.ThispatternextendsfarbeyondBerlin.Acrosstheglobe,oldbuildingsfallfornewdevelopments.Thelogicseemsunarguable:citiesmustgrow,economiesmustexpand.Butwhatdisappearswhenweerase(清除)thephysicaltracesofourpast?(柏林的东区画廊每年吸引数以百万计的游客。游客们在充满活力的冷战后绘制的壁画前熙熙攘攘，但很少有人停下来思考这些画作之下隐藏着什么：那是原版的柏林墙的一部分。艺术成为了这里的吸引点；而它所涵盖的历史则逐渐被置于背景之中。这种模式在柏林之外也普遍存在。在全球范围内，老旧建筑为了新的发展而被拆除。这种逻辑似乎无可辩驳：城市必须发展，经济必须扩张。但当我们抹去我们过去的物质痕迹时，又会失去什么呢？)”可知，第一段的作用是描述一种现象并引入主题。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“InherstudyofLosAngeles,shedocumentedhowdevelopmentprojectsrepeatedlytoredowncommunitiesinhabitedbyMexican-AmericanandAfrican-Americanfamilies,replacingthemwithfreewaysandsquares.Thenewstructuresservedeconomicambitions,buttheyalsoerasedmaterialevidencethatthesecommunitieseverexisted.“Whenthebuildingsdisappear,”Haydenwrites,“sodoesthetangible(有形的)proofthatthesepeoplelivedhere,workedhere,matteredhere.”(在她对洛杉矶的调研中，她记录了开发项目如何一次又一次地拆除由墨西哥裔美国人和非裔美国人组成的社区，取而代之的是高速公路和广场。这些新的建筑是为了实现经济目标，但它们也抹去了这些社区曾经存在的物质证据。“当建筑消失时，”海登写道，“这些人的存在痕迹也随之消失，他们曾在这里生活、工作、有所作为这一点也荡然无存了。”)”可知，洛杉矶这个例子意在说明城市发展的成本。故选A。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Whencommunitieslosefamiliarlandmarks,theylosereferencepointsthatconnectindividualstosharedhistory.Theresultcanbespatialdisorientation—notmerelynotknowingwhereyouare,butnotknowingwhoyouareinrelationtothosewhocamebefore.(当社区失去了那些人们所熟悉的地标性建筑时，他们也就失去了能够将个体与共同历史联系起来的参照点。其结果可能是空间上的迷失方向——不仅是指不知道自己身处何地，还意味着不清楚自己与那些先辈们在何种关系中相联系)”可知，那些失去标志性建筑的社区会面临身份认同的混乱。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Noneofthisarguesagainstalldevelopment.Everygenerationinheritsacityandpassesoneon.Somewallsaremeanttofall.Othersaremeanttostand—physicalspacesgroundmemoryinwaysthatimagesalonecannot,groundingusinapastthatcontinuestoshapewhoweare.(这一切都不能否定发展的重要性。每一代人都会继承一座城市，并将其传承下去。有些城墙注定要倒塌，而另一些则注定要屹立不倒——这些有形的空间以一种仅靠图像无法实现的方式，将记忆固定下来，使我们深深扎根于过去，而过去也持续塑造着我们的身份)”可知，文章表达了物理空间承载着不可替代的记忆。故选D。DTimeissomethingwefeeleveryday—rushingtoschool,glancingatwatches,countingdownminutes.Yet,surprisingly,modernphysicsstrugglestoexplainwhytimemovesforwardatall.Einstein’stheoryofrelativitydescribestimeaspartofafixed4Dspacetime,wherepast,present,andfuturecoexistlikepagesinabook.Quantummechanics(量子力学)doesnotnaturallytreatstimeasspecial—manyprocessescouldrunbackwardjustaswell.Sowheredoestime’sflowcomefrom?Agroundbreakingperspectivewasproposedin1983byscientistsPageandWootters.Theyproposedthattimeisanillusion(幻觉)createdbyquantumentanglement(纠缠).Theyenvisionedtheuniverseasatimelessquantumstate.Whenonepartactsasa“clock”andbecomesentangledwiththerest,timeseemstoemerge—justlikepagenumbershelpusreadastoryinorder.Experimentalsupportisaccumulating.Ina2024study,scientistscreatedamodelusingentangledquantummagnetsandaspring.Theentiresystemwasstatic(静态的),yetthespring’sstatechangedovertimerelativetotheclock,demonstratinghowtimemightarisefromentanglement.Butwhatcouldserveastheuniverse’srealclock?ItalianphysicistPaolaVerruccipointstoblackholes.Theyareisolated,highlyenergetic,and—thankstoHawkingradiation—canentanglewiththeoutsideworld.“It’saperfectclock,”shesays.“Youcan’ttouchit,butyoucanbelinkedtoit.”Morestrikingly,Verrucciarguestime’sdirectionmaycomefromquantummeasurement.Eachtimeweobservereality,possibilitiescollapseintofacts—aone-wayprocess.“Youcreatetime,”shesays,“whenyouaskwhattimeitis.”Thisviewtransformsourrolefrompassivewitnessesoftimetoactiveparticipants.Timemaynotbeapre-existingrivercarryingus,butastoryweco-writethroughourinteractionswithaquantumuniverse.12.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph1?A.Thetheoryofrelativityviewstimeasindependentofspace.B.Modernphysicscanexplainwhytimemovesforwardeasily.C.Quantummechanicsspeciallyfocusesonthestudyoftime.D.Ourunderstandingoftimevariesfromphysicsperspectives.13.Whydidthescientistscreatethemodel?A.Toexplainthequantumentanglement.B.Tosupportatimelessquantumstate.C.Toshowhowtimecomesfromentanglement.D.Toconfirmtimeexistsinastaticuniverse.14.WhichviewpointmightVerrucciagreewith?A.Hawkingradiationgeneratedtime. B.Thereisnoidealclockinuniverse.C.Observingtimehelpstocreatetime. D.Timeexistedasariverbeforehumans.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Topresentthehistoryofquantummechanics.B.Toexploretheoriginoftimefromquantumlinks.C.Tocompareacoupleofknownspacetimetheories.D.Toillustratetechnologyofquantumentanglement.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从量子角度探讨时间的产生与方向。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Yet,surprisingly,modernphysicsstrugglestoexplainwhytimemovesforwardatall.Einstein’stheoryofrelativitydescribestimeaspartofafixed4Dspacetime,wherepast,present,andfuturecoexistlikepagesinabook.Quantummechanicsdoesnotnaturallytreatstimeasspecial—manyprocessescouldrunbackwardjustaswell.(然而，令人惊讶的是，现代物理学很难解释为什么时间会向前移动。爱因斯坦的相对论将时间描述为固定的四维时空的一部分，过去、现在和未来像书中的页面一样共存。量子力学并不自然地把时间视为特殊的——许多过程也可以逆向运行。)”可知，我们对时间的理解因物理学角度不同而有差异。故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ina2024study,scientistscreatedamodelusingentangledquantummagnetsandaspring.Theentiresystemwasstatic(静态的),yetthespring’sstatechangedovertimerelativetotheclock,demonstratinghowtimemightarisefromentanglement.(在2024年的一项研究中，科学家们使用纠缠的量子磁体和弹簧创建了一个模型。整个系统是静态的，然而，相对于时钟，弹簧的状态随时间而变化，这展示了时间是如何从纠缠中产生的。)”可知，科学家创建这个模型是为了展示时间是如何从纠缠中产生的。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Morestrikingly,Verrucciarguestime’sdirectionmaycomefromquantummeasurement.Eachtimeweobservereality,possibilitiescollapseintofacts—aone-wayprocess.‘Youcreatetime,’shesays,‘whenyouaskwhattimeitis.’(更引人注目的是，Verrucci认为时间的方向可能来自量子测量。每次我们观察现实时，可能性都会坍缩成事实——这是一个单向的过程。‘当你问现在几点时，你就在创造时间，’她说。)”可知，Verrucci认为观察时间有助于创造时间。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Agroundbreakingperspectivewasproposedin1983byscientistsPageandWootters.Theyproposedthattimeisanillusion(幻觉)createdbyquantumentanglement(纠缠).(1983年，科学家Page和Wootters提出了一个开创性的观点。他们提出，时间是由量子纠缠产生的幻觉。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要探讨了时间是如何从量子纠缠中产生的，因此文章的主要目的是从量子联系的角度探索时间的起源。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ashumanoidrobotsbegintoenterwarehousesandfactories,acriticalquestionarises:doweneedspecialsafetyrulesforthem?Theanswerisyes,andforseveralimportantreasons.____16____Unliketraditionalindustrialrobotsthatcanbestoppedinstantlybyhittinganemergencybutton,humanoidsare“dynamicallystable.”Thismeanstheyneedpowertostayupright.Ifyoucutthepower,theywilllikelyfallover,potentiallycausingseriousinjurytonearbyworkers.Thereisthechallengeofdefiningwhatexactlyneedstoberegulated.Howshouldweclassifyahumanoidrobot?Doesitneedlegs?Arms?Ahead?____17____Thisapproachwouldallowsafetystandardstokeeppacewithtechnologicalinnovationwithoutbeinglimitedbyappearance.Communicationbetweenrobotsandhumanspresentsanotherconcern.Ifrobotsaretosharespacewithpeople,theymustbeabletosignaltheirintentionsclearly.Forinstance,arobotwalkingaroundacornerneedstoindicateitsdirectionsothatpeoplearenotsurprised.____18____Thereisapsychologicalfactortoconsider.Peoplenaturallyexpectmorefromrobotsthatlooklikehuman.____19____Expertsrecommendthatsafetystandardsincludeemotionalsafetyassessmentstopreventconfusionorstress.Thesestandardshelpcompaniesbuildtrustintheirproductsandsellthemmoreeasilyindifferentcountries,whilealsogivingregulatorsaclearguideforcreatingtheirownrules.____20____AsVicentininotes,apracticalstandardmustfindabalancebetweencompetinginterests,and“everybodyequallyunhappyisgoodenough,”sinceaimingforperfectagreementissimplynotrealistic.A.Humanoidrobotsposeuniquephysicalrisks.B.Withoutcleardialogues,accidentswillhappen.C.Interactionsbetweenhumanoidrobotscanpreventaccidents.D.Manybelievethatphysicalfeaturesareessentialforsafetystandards.E.Peoplemaylettheirguarddown,thinkingtherobotsunderstandmorethantheydo.F.However,agreeingonglobalregulationsishardduetodifferentconcernsinthefield.G.Expertssuggestdroppingtheterm“humanoid”andfocusingonarobot’sabilitiesinstead.【答案】16.A17.G18.B19.E20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文指出人形机器人需要专门安全规则，并从物理风险、定义、交流、心理及全球监管等方面阐述原因与建议。【16题详析】由上文“Theanswerisyes,andforseveralimportantreasons.(答案是肯定的，并且有几个重要原因。)”及下文“Unliketraditionalindustrialrobotsthatcanbestoppedinstantlybyhittinganemergencybutton,humanoidsare“dynamicallystable.”Thismeanstheyneedpowertostayupright.Ifyoucutthepower,theywilllikelyfallover,potentiallycausingseriousinjurytonearbyworkers.(与按下紧急按钮就能立刻停止的传统工业机器人不同，人形机器人具有“动态稳定性”。这意味着它们需要电力才能保持直立。如果切断电源，它们很可能会摔倒，有可能对附近的工作人员造成严重伤害。)”可知，空格处需总述人形机器人存在独特的人身安全风险。A项“Humanoidrobotsposeuniquephysicalrisks.(人形机器人存在独特的人身风险。)”符合语境，总领全段，与下文危险描述相呼应。故选A项。【17题详析】由上文“Howshouldweclassifyahumanoidrobot?Doesitneedlegs?Arms?Ahead?(我们该如何分类人形机器人？它需要腿、手臂、头吗？)”及下文“Thisapproachwouldallowsafetystandardstokeeppacewithtechnologicalinnovationwithoutbeinglimitedbyappearance.(这种方法能让安全标准跟上技术创新，不受外形限制。)”可知，空格处需提出分类建议。G项“Expertssuggestdroppingtheterm“humanoid”andfocusingonarobot’sabilitiesinstead.(专家建议放弃“人形”一词，转而关注机器人的能力。)”符合语境，该建议与下文“不受外形限制”应。故选G项。【18题详析】由上文“Communicationbetweenrobotsandhumanspresentsanotherconcern.Ifrobotsaretosharespacewithpeople,theymustbeabletosignaltheirintentionsclearly.Forinstance,arobotwalkingaroundacornerneedstoindicateitsdirectionsothatpeoplearenotsurprised.(机器人与人类之间的交互带来了另一个令人担忧的问题。如果机器人要和人类共处同一空间，它们就必须能够清晰地传递自身意图。例如，一台在拐角处行走的机器人需要表明它的行进方向，以免让人们感到意外。)”可知，空格处需强调清晰交流的重要性。B项“Withoutcleardialogues,accidentswillhappen.(没有清晰交流，就会发生事故。)”符合语境，承接上文交流话题，逻辑通顺。故选B项。【19题详析】由上文“Thereisapsychologicalfactortoconsider.Peoplenaturallyexpectmorefromrobotsthatlooklikehuman.(需要考虑心理因素。人们自然对看起来像人的机器人期望更高。)”可知，空格处需说明由此产生的问题。E项“Peoplemaylettheirguarddown,thinkingtherobotsunderstandmorethantheydo.(人们可能会放松警惕，认为机器人比实际更懂人。)”符合语境，解释了心理层面的安全隐患。故选E项。【20题详析】由上文“Thesestandardshelpcompaniesbuildtrustintheirproductsandsellthemmoreeasilyindifferentcountries,whilealsogivingregulatorsaclearguideforcreatingtheirownrules.(这些标准有助于企业建立对其产品的信任，并更轻松地在不同国家销售产品，同时也为监管机构制定自身规则提供了明确的指导。)”及下文“AsVicentininotes,apracticalstandardmustfindabalancebetweencompetinginterests,and“everybodyequallyunhappyisgoodenough,”sinceaimingforperfectagreementissimplynotrealistic.(正如维森蒂尼所指出的，一项实用的标准必须在相互冲突的利益之间找到平衡，而且“让每个人都同样不满意就足够好了”，因为追求完美的共识根本不现实。)”可知，空格处需指出达成全球统一规则的困难。F项“However,agreeingonglobalregulationsishardduetodifferentconcernsinthefield.(然而，因领域内不同考量，达成全球监管共识很难。)”符合语境，承上启下，引出后文现实困境。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheOklahomaAcademygirls’basketballteamfacedadilemma.Aftertheirdramaticchampionshipwin,coachBrendanKingcouldn’tescapeagrowing____21____ofanxiety.Thatnight,hereviewedthegametapeathome,carefully____22____everypoint.Hisdoubtwas____23____;theyhadactuallylostbyonepoint.Ashotthatappearedtomisswas____24____recordedasabasket.Thenextmorning,King____25____thenews.Theplayersarrivedstill____26____fromtheirvictory,onlytolearnthetruth.“I’mstillproudofyou,”hesaidwithcertainty,butitwasabitterpillto____27____.Policystatedtheresultwasfinal,yetwithinminutestheteamsaweyetoeye—theywould____28____themedaltoApacheHighSchool.Kingdrove90minutestoApache.Theircoach,Amy,hadalso____29____theerrorbutwastoldthescorecouldn’tchange.AfterexaminingKing’sreport,officialsmadean____30____,officiallyrecognizingApacheaschampions.Inthegym,King____31____themedal.TheApacheplayersreproducedthegame-winningshot—thistime____32____forreal.“Hedidn’thavetodothat,”Amysaid.“Mostcoacheswouldn’thave.”Thisstoryremindsusthattrue____33____isn’tjustaboutwinningonthescoreboard.It’sabouthavingthe____34____toadmitmistakesandthegracetodowhat’sright,evenwhenit____35____.TheAcademyteamlostthegamebutwonsomethingfargreater:theirintegrity.21.A.dream B.sense C.chance D.picture22.A.collecting B.counting C.recording D.achieving23.A.confirmed B.contradicted C.resolved D.acknowledged24.A.informally B.regularly C.mistakenly D.automatically25.A.exchanged B.gathered C.invented D.broke26.A.overjoyed B.embarrassed C.relaxed D.ashamed27.A.taste B.choose C.digest D.swallow28.A.gain B.receive C.return D.keep29.A.explained B.believed C.noticed D.imagined30.A.appointment B.attempt C.appeal D.exception31.A.handedover B.putaway C.tookover D.showedoff32.A.performing B.celebrating C.interviewing D.competing33.A.ambition B.reputation C.responsibility D.victory34.A.courage B.opportunity C.strength D.interest35.A.pays B.helps C.costs D.matters【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.D28.C29.C30.D31.A32.B33.D34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了篮球队主动归还误判赢得的奖牌的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她们戏剧性地赢得冠军后，教练布兰登·金无法摆脱越来越强烈的焦虑感。A.dream梦想；B.sense感觉；C.chance机会；D.picture图片。根据下文“ofanxiety”可知，此处指内心的一种焦虑感受。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，他在家回顾比赛录像，仔细地计算着每一分。A.collecting收集；B.counting计算；C.recording记录；D.achieving实现。根据下文“everypoint”及“theyhadactuallylostbyonepoint”可知，他在计算分数。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的怀疑得到了证实；他们实际上以一分之差输了。A.confirmed证实；B.contradicted反驳；C.resolved解决；D.acknowledged承认。根据下文“theyhadactuallylostbyonepoint”可知，看录像后发现确实输了，说明他的怀疑被证实。故选A。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个看起来没进的球被错误地记为投进了。A.informally非正式地；B.regularly定期地；C.mistakenly错误地；D.automatically自动地。根据上文“Ashotthatappearedtomiss”以及下文“recordedasabasket”可知，这是记分出现的错误。故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，金公布了这个消息。A.exchanged交换；B.gathered聚集；C.invented发明；D.broke公布，透露。根据下文“thenews”和下文“learnthetruth”可知，此处指公布了这个消息。故选D。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：队员们到达时仍然为胜利而欣喜若狂，却得知了真相。A.overjoyed狂喜的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.relaxed放松的；D.ashamed羞愧的。根据下文“fromtheirvictory”可知，刚以为夺冠，心情应是极度高兴。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我仍然为你们感到骄傲，”他肯定地说，但这是一个难以接受的苦果。A.taste品尝；B.choose选择；C.digest消化；D.swallow吞下。根据上文“butitwasabitterpill”可知，这件事让人难以接受，abitterpilltoswallow是习语，意为“不得不接受的残酷事实，难以接受的事”。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：规定说明比赛结果已经最终确定，但在几分钟内，队员们达成了共识——他们将把奖牌归还给阿帕奇高中。A.gain获得；B.receive收到；C.return归还；D.keep保持。根据下文“themedaltoApacheHighSchool”可知，知道自己不该赢，所以决定归还奖牌。故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的教练艾米也注意到了这个错误，但被告知比分不能改变。A.explained解释；B.believed相信；C.noticed注意到；D.imagined想象。根据下文“theerrorbutwastoldthescorecouldn’tchange”可知，对方教练也发现了记分错误。故选C。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在查看了金的报告后，官员们破例了，正式承认阿帕奇高中为冠军。A.appointment任命；B.attempt尝试；C.appeal呼吁；D.exception例外。根据上文“Policystatedtheresultwasfinal”、“Theircoach,Amy,hadalsotheerrorbutwastoldthescorecouldn’tchange.”及下文“officiallyrecognizingApacheaschampions”可知，上文提到政策规定结果已定，不能改变，但这次他们改变了结果，所以是破例。故选D。【31题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在体育馆里，金交移交奖牌。A.hande