广西贺州市2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广西贺州市2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WherewillClairewalkthedog?A.Inthemountain. B.Onthebeach. C.Inthepark.【答案】C【原文】M:Claire,ourneighborMrs.Conwayisgoingonabeachholidaynextweek.Wouldyoubeabletolookafterherdogwhileshe’sgone?W:Ofcourse,Ilovedogs.IcantakethedogtotheparkfromMondaytoSaturday.ButonSunday,I’llgotoclimbmountains.2.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandowiththebook?A.Readthefirstchapter. B.Readthewholebook. C.Asktheteacherforhelp.【答案】A【原文】W:Howisitpossibletodothishomeworkinonenight?Idon’thavetimetoreadthewholebook.I’llhavetotelltheteacherIcan’tdoit.M:Justreadthefirstchapter.That’swhatIdid.Itcontainsalltheinformationyouneed.3.Howdoesthewomanfindthespeech?A.Disappointing. B.Encouraging. C.Interesting.【答案】A【原文】M:Whatdoyouthinkofthespeech?Ithinkitisinteresting.W:Tobehonest,Idon’tthinkso.ItisnotasencouragingasIexpected.4.Whatisthemangoingtodotomorrow?A.Visithismother. B.Dosomegardening. C.Moveintoanewhouse.【答案】B【原文】W:MyhusbandandIaregoingtovisithismothertomorrow.Shejustmovedintoanewhouse.Howaboutyou?M:I’mgoingtoworkinmygardensincetheweatherisexpectedtobenice.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Clothing. B.Traffic. C.Weather.【答案】C【原文】M:Itwillrainlaterandbringaraincoatwithyou,soyourbeautifuldresswon’tgetwet!W:IwatchedtheweatherreportonTVtoo.I’mgoingtodriveinsteadofbiking,soaraincoatwon’tbenecessary.Therainwon’tlastforverylonganyway.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Howlongdoesthewomanneedtosleepeachnight?A.Foreighthours. B.Forsixhours. C.Forfivehours.7.Wheredidthewomanoncefallasleep?A.Atherfriend’shome. B.Atthecinema. C.Atheroffice.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】M:Ijustcouldn’tgettosleeplastnight.Hasthateverhappenedtoyou?W:Notveryoften.Icansleepanywhere.M:Really?W:Yes,Ireallyenjoymysleep.Ineedeighthourseverynight.M:Oh,I’dlovetosleepthatmuch.Iseldomgetfiveorsixhours.W:OnceIfellasleepatwork.Iwouldhavebeenintroubleifthebosshadseenmeatthattime.M:SometimesIdogettosleepwhenwatchingafilmandI’llmisssomepartsofit.ItoftenmakesmywifeannoyedbecauseIhavetoaskwhathappenedinthefilm.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatdoestheman’smotherenjoydoing?A.Cooking. B.Gardening. C.Teaching.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’smother?A.Sheisquiteclever. B.Sheisalwaysworking. C.Sheislazy.10.Whatdoestheman’sfatherdonow?A.Acook. B.Awriter. C.Ateacher.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【原文】W:Whichfamilymemberdoyougetalongwithbest?M:Allofthem.W:Butisn’tthereoneyouhavemoreincommonwith?M:Well,obviously,mydad,justbecausewearebothmales.W:Doesyourmotherdothecooking?M:Mostoftime,butthat’sbecauseshelovescooking.W:Mymotherhatesit.Sheisn’tlazy.Shealwaysspendsmostofhertimeonwork.Shelovestogrowvegetablesinthegarden,butnottocookthem.M:So,doesyourdadcook?W:Yes.That’shisjobaswell.He’sacook.M:Myfatherwasawriterbutnowheteaches.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutJohn’strip?A.Worried. B.Shocked. C.Excited.12.HowlongwillJohnbetraveling?A.Forthreeweeks. B.Foronemonth. C.Fortwomonths.13.WherewillthemanpickJohnup?A.Fromatravelagency. B.Fromtheschool. C.Fromawedding.【答案】11.A12.B13.B【原文】W:JohnisgoingtoJapannextweek.Hehasnevertraveledalone.Whatifhegetslost?M:He’snottravelingalone.He’swithatourgroup.IwishIcouldgo.Wehaven’ttraveledanywherefortwoyears.Idon’tevenrememberwherewewentlasttime.W:DoyourememberwewenttoJamaicaforyourcousin’swedding?IknowJohn’sexcitedtogo.Ijusthopehe’sgoingtobeokay.I’mjustconcernedforhishealthmostofall.Whatifhegetssick?He’llbethereforawholemonth.M:I’dbemoreafraidthathelovesitsomuchthathe’llneverwanttoreturn.W:Veryfunny.Youaresupposedtobecalmingmedown,notmakingmemorenervous.Areyoustillgoingtodrivehimtotheairport?M:Yes,I’llpickhimupfromhisschoolthreehoursbeforehisflight.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Salespersonandcustomer.15.Whendidthemangethisbike?A.Incollege. B.Inprimaryschool. C.Injuniorhighschool.16.Howistheman’sbikenow?A.Itisquitenew. B.Itisquitebroken. C.Itisnewlyfixed.17.Whydoesthemanrefusetobuyanewbike?A.Itistooexpensiveforhisfamily.B.Thereisnotenoughspacetostoreit.C.Hewon’tuseabikemuchincollege.【答案】14.A15.C16.B17.C【原文】W:Areyougoingtobringyourbikewithyoutoyourcollege?M:No.Thatbikeisalmostuseless!W:Howcanyousaythat,Sam?YourfatherandIboughtitbrandnew.M:Butthatwassixyearsago,injuniorhighschool.Nowthebelldoesn’twork.Thebrakesaredangerouslybad.Besides,I’vegottentallerandthebikeistoosmallformenow.W:Iunderstandnow.Well,Iguessweshouldbuyyouanewonebeforeyouleave.M:Youdon’thaveto.Iamthinkingofadifferentplan.Thecampusisn’tsobig,andtherearealotofbusesinthetown.Iwon’tneedabikesooften.W:Whatwillyoudoforexercisethen?Youdon’tliketowalkorrun.M:Icanstilluseabike.I’lljustrentonewhenIneedit.Manystudentsrentbikesnow.Thatway,Iwon’thavetostoreitorfixit,either.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whydidthespeakergotothecity?A.Torecycleglass. B.Tovisitafriend. C.Tohuntforajob.19.Howwasthespeakerfeelingjustbeforehereceivedthephonecall?A.Confident. B.Upset. C.Happy.20.Whatdidthecallerwanttodo?A.Employthespeakerasaphotographer.B.Borrowmoneyfromthespeaker.C.Buyapicturefromthespeaker.【答案】18.C19.B20.A【原文】Aboutfouryearsago,Imovedtothecityinhopesoffindingajobasaphotographer.WhenIhadbeenthereforthreemonths,IstartedtobecomeveryworriedbecauseIcouldn’tfindajob.TheonlymoneyIwasabletomakewasfromsellingmyphotographsonthestreets.BeingaphotographerandsellingphotographswaswhatIwanted,butIneededacompanytopaymetodoit.ThoughIwasrunningoutofmoney,Istilldidn’tgiveupandcontinuedlookingforajob.ThenIwasabletomakesomeextramoneybycollectingglassforrecycling,andsometimesIevenborrowedmoneyfromafriend.Onenight,whenIwasfeelingparticularlyhopeless,IreceivedaphonecallfromamanaskingaboutapictureIhadsoldweeksago.HewantedtoknowifIhadtakenitmyself.WhenIsaidyes,heinvitedmetohiscompany.Itturnedouttobeanadvertisingcompanyandtheywantedtohireme.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACometobecomeonememberofourschool,andyouhaveopportunitiestojoinasmanystudentclubsasyoulike.Belowarefourofthemwiththeleadersofeachandcontactinformation.BetheChangeClubmemberswillshareissuestheycareaboutandlearnaboutothers’interestsincharity.Theywillgainhands-onexperiencethroughfundraisinganddrivingpositivechange.Additionally,studentswillexplorepracticalwaystocontributetogoodcauses.Thiscluboffersvaluablelearningopportunitieswhileenablingstudentstomakeameaningfuldifference.ModelUnitedNationsHereyou’lllearnaboutglobalissuesbysimulating(模拟)meetingsintheUnitedNations(UN).Youcanalsotakethepartofpoliticalleadersofstatestodebatereal-worldissues.Theclubisopentoallstudentswhowillparticipateregularly,includingattendingourfallandspringmeetings.CometodiscusscurrentinternationalproblemsanddiscoverhowtheUNoperateswhiledevelopingyourpublicspeakingskills.Animation(动画)universeAnimationisanimatedproductionfeaturinghand-drawnorcomputer-producedanimation.Theclub’smissionistoprovideapositiveenvironmentforstudentstoconnectwitheachotherthroughthemediumofanimation.Ourmembersparticipateinwatching,discussingandlearningaboutanimation-relatedtopicsduringmeetings.NationalEnglishHonorSocietyTheNationalEnglishHonorSociety(NEHS)isaninternationalorganizationthatrecognizeshighschoolstudentsandteacherswhoareworthyofspecialnotefortheirachievementsinthefieldofEnglish.SchoolscanstarttheirownlocalNEHSchapter(分会),whereoutstandingmemberscangetacademic(学业的)honorsofvariousformsandconnectwithotherswhosharetheirachievementsforlanguagearts.21.WhatisthemissionofBetheChange?A.Doingcharitywork.B.Exchanginglearningexperience.C.Exploringmembers’interests.D.Helpingmembersmakepersonalchoices.22.Inwhichclubcanyouhavethechancetoroleplayapoliticalfigure?A.BetheChange.B.ModelUnitedNations.C.Animationuniverse.D.NationalEnglishHonorSociety.23.WhatbenefitmightmembersoftheNationalEnglishHonorSocietyget?A.Freeticketstotheinternationalmeetings.B.SettinguptheirownlocalNEHSchapter.C.InteractionwithhighachieversinEnglish.D.Guidancetocreateanimationoftheirownstyles.【答案】21.A22.B23.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了学校四个学生社团的基本信息，包括社团的使命、活动内容以及联系方式等。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据“BetheChange”部分中的“Clubmemberswillshareissuestheycareaboutandlearnaboutothers’interestsincharity.Theywillgainhands-onexperiencethroughfundraisinganddrivingpositivechange.Additionally,studentswillexplorepracticalwaystocontributetogoodcauses.(俱乐部成员将分享他们关心的问题，并了解他人对慈善的兴趣。他们将通过筹款和推动积极变革获得实践经验。此外，学生们将探索为公益事业做出贡献的实际方法)”可知，该俱乐部的成员主要参与慈善相关活动，其使命是做慈善工作。故选A项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据“ModelUnitedNations“部分中的“Youcanalsotakethepartofpoliticalleadersofstatestodebatereal-worldissues.(你也可以扮演国家政治领袖的角色，辩论现实世界的问题)”可知，在模拟联合国俱乐部，你有机会角色扮演政治人物。故选B项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据“NationalEnglishHonorSociety”部分中的“SchoolscanstarttheirownlocalNEHSchapter(分会),whereoutstandingmemberscangetacademic(学业的)honorsofvariousformsandconnectwithotherswhosharetheirachievementsforlanguagearts.(学校可以成立自己的当地国家英语荣誉协会（NEHS）分会，在分会中，优秀成员能够获得各类学术荣誉，并与其他在语言艺术领域取得成就的人建立联系)”可知，NationalEnglishHonorSociety的成员可能会与英语成绩优异的人互动。故选C项。BWhenMiaDaPontewasyoung,shelearnedthathermotherhadbecomeanOpenWaterDiver.Miadecidedtobecomeadiver,too.Buttheyoungestonethatcanstarttrainingasadiveris10yearsold.OnceMiacameofage,shegotserious.First,shegotherOpenWaterDivercertificate(合格证书).MialivesinRhodeIsland,wheretheoceansarecold,andpeopleusuallycan’tseeveryfar.Butshedidn’tletthatdiscourageher.It’sarulethatwhenoneisdiving,theyshouldalwayshaveacompanion—asecondpersonworkingwiththemwhendiving.Mia’smotherdecidedtotakeallthecoursesMiawastakingtobehercompanion.Miacompleted78dives—farmorethanthe50neededtobecomeaMasterScubaDiver.ButMiahadtowaitforherlasttwocourses—AdvancedOpenWaterDiverandRescueDiver.That’sbecauseonehastobeatleast12yearsoldtoearnthesecertificates.Overtheweekbeforeherbirthday,MiadidmostofthetrainingrequiredforthelasttwocoursesandshepassedtheAdvancedOpenWatercourseonherbirthday.Thenextday,whenshewasofficially12,MiafinishedtheRescueDivercourse.Thatwasnotgettingalongwithoutdifficulties.Miadidthreedivesinoneday,includingonedeepdivedownto17.5metersandshehadtomadehernightdive.Thehardestpartofthecoursewasshowingthatshecouldraiseaninjuredgrow-updivertothesurfaceandtakethestepsneededtohelprestarttheirbreath.MiasaysshefeelsproudtohavebecomeaMasterScubaDiver.Butshedoesn’tplantostopthere.She’sinterestedingettingmoretrainingasadiver.Inthefuture,shehopestobecomeamarine(海的)biologist.24.WhatmadeMia’smothertakethesamedivingcourses?A.Improvingherowndivingskills.B.SettingagoodexampleforMia.C.WatchingoverMia’strainingprocess.D.BeingMia’sdivingpartnerasrequired.25.WhywasMiaunabletobecomeaMasterScubaDiveraccordingtoparagraph3?A.Shecouldn’tseefarinthesea.B.Shedidn’thaveacompanion.C.Shedidn’tfinishthedivesthatwereneeded.D.Shewastooyoungtoattendrelatedcourses.26.WhatchallengedMiamostabouttheRescueDivercourse?A.Divingdeepto17.5meters.B.Finishingthreedivesoneday.C.Performingfirstaidonadults.D.Makingnightdivingbyherself.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMia?A.Toughandstrong-willed.B.Determinedandopen-minded.C.Seriousandeasy-going.D.Curiousandwarm-hearted.【答案】24.D25.D26.C27.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了米娅・达蓬特从小受母亲影响立志成为潜水员，在达到年龄要求后克服困难完成潜水课程，最终成为潜水大师的故事。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“It’sarulethatwhenoneisdiving,theyshouldalwayshaveacompanion—asecondpersonworkingwiththemwhendiving.Mia’smotherdecidedtotakeallthecoursesMiawastakingtobehercompanion.(潜水时必须有同伴——这是规则。Mia的母亲决定学习Mia参加的所有课程，以便成为她的同伴)”可知，Mia的母亲学习相同的潜水课程是为了满足潜水时必须有同伴的要求，成为Mia的潜水伙伴。故选D项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Miacompleted78dives—farmorethanthe50neededtobecomeaMasterScubaDiver.ButMiahadtowaitforherlasttwocourses—AdvancedOpenWaterDiverandRescueDiver.That’sbecauseonehastobeatleast12yearsoldtoearnthesecertificates.(米娅完成了78次潜水——远超过成为潜水大师所需的50次。但米娅不得不等待她的最后两门课程：高级开放水域潜水员和救援潜水员课程。这是因为要获得这些证书，必须至少年满12岁)”可知，Mia无法立即成为MasterScubaDiver的原因是年龄不足，无法参加相关课程。故选D项。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thehardestpartofthecoursewasshowingthatshecouldraiseaninjuredgrow-updivertothesurfaceandtakethestepsneededtohelprestarttheirbreath.(课程中最难的部分是证明她能够将一名受伤的成年潜水员救出水面，并采取必要措施帮助其恢复呼吸)”可知，对Mia来说最大的挑战是对成年人实施急救。故选C项。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“OnceMiacameofage,shegotserious.(一旦米娅到了法定年龄，她便认真对待此事)”以及最后一段“Butshedoesn’tplantostopthere.She’sinterestedingettingmoretrainingasadiver.(但她并未打算就此止步，她对接受更多潜水训练抱有兴趣)”等以及结合全文内容可知，从Mia从小立志潜水、克服寒冷海水和能见度低的困难、超额完成潜水次数、在年龄限制下坚持等待并完成高难度课程等描述，可以看出她是一个意志坚强且坚韧不拔的人。故选A项。CBritainwasoncecoveredwithrainforests,knownasCelticrainforestsorAtlanticwoodland.Thetemperate(温带的)rainforestsonlyoccurinplacesclosetotheseawithhighrainfall,highhumidity(湿度)andlowvariationsintemperatureandfullofplantsandanimals.TheCelticrainforestsusedtospreadoutallacrossthewetterareasofthecountry’swest.Butoverthecenturiestheancientwoodlandswerelaterclearedandchangedintograsslandsforsheepandcattle.Bythestartofthe20thcentury,Britainhadbecometheleast-woodedcountryinEurope,withonlysmallpartsremaininginwesterncoastalrainforestareas.There’sanewrainforestcomingbacktoBritainrightnow.AmovementisunderwayacrossBritaintorecovertheseforgottenecosystems.AndinDevon,thefirststeptowardsachievingthathasjustbeencompleted.Withthehelpofover100localvolunteers,morethan2,500nativetreeshavebeenplantedatDevonWildlifeTrust’sBowdenPillarssite,notfarfromthetownofTotnes.It’shopedthatanother4,500oak,rowan,alder,hazel,birch,willowandhollytreeswillbeplantedbytheendofthiswinterandoverthecomingdecades,andthatthey’llgrowtoformathriving(欣欣向荣的)temperaterainforest.Therecoveryprogramme,ledbyTheWildlifeTrusts,ishappeningacrossotherpartsofthecountry,includingCornwallandPembrokeshireandhasbeenboostedbyasignificant£38millionoffundingfromaninsurancecompany.ClaireInglis,anaturereserveofficeratDevonWildlifeTrust,said,“Thefullgrowntemperaterainforestwilltakeseveraldecadestobecomeestablished,buttheadvantagesfornaturewillbemuchswifter.Themixofyoungtreesplantedamonggrasslandsandhedges(树篱),alongwithourpromisenottousechemicals,willbebetterforlocalbutterfliesandbees,alongwithlocalbirdssuchasyellowhammersandbarnowls.Itwillbefascinatingtoseehowitdevelops.”28.WhatwasmainlyresponsibleforBritain’slostCelticrainforestinthepast?A.Lowtemperature. B.Animalfarming.C.Plantvariation. D.Highhumidity.29.WhatcanwesayaboutthemovementacrossBritain?A.It’sworrying. B.It’spromising.C.It’sunrealistic. D.It’suncontrollable.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“swifter”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Further. B.Moreunlikely.C.Quicker. D.Morecostly.31.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AStoryofDestructionAboutBritain’sLostRainforestsB.TheChallengesofRevivingCelticRainforestsinBritainC.ANationwideEfforttoReviveLostRainforestsinBritainD.TheTruthoftheDisappearanceofBritain’sCelticRainforests【答案】28.B29.B30.C31.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英国曾经覆盖着被称为凯尔特雨林或大西洋林地的热带雨林，后来因放牧被砍伐，如今英国正开展一项全国性的运动来恢复这些被遗忘的生态系统，并介绍了该运动的进展、资金支持及带来的好处等。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butoverthecenturiestheancientwoodlandswerelaterclearedandchangedintograsslandsforsheepandcattle.(但几个世纪以来，这些古老的林地后来被清理并变成了放牧牛羊的草地)”可知，英国凯尔特雨林消失的主要原因是畜牧业的发展。故选B项。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“AmovementisunderwayacrossBritaintorecovertheseforgottenecosystems.(一场恢复这些被遗忘的生态系统的运动正在英国各地展开)”以及后文提到的植树计划和资金支持，可以看出这一运动充满希望。故选B项。【30题详析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Thefullgrowntemperaterainforestwilltakeseveraldecadestobecomeestablished,buttheadvantagesfornaturewillbemuchswifter.(成熟的温带雨林需要几十年的时间才能形成，但是对自然的好处会更swifter)”，由but可知，前后形成转折，前面说需要的时间长，后面应表示好处来得快，所以“swifter”意为“更快的”。故选C项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“TheCelticrainforestsusedtospreadoutallacrossthewetterareasofthecountry’swest.Butoverthecenturiestheancientwoodlandswerelaterclearedandchangedintograsslandsforsheepandcattle.(凯尔特雨林曾一度遍布英国西部较为湿润的地区。但在过去的几个世纪里，这些古老的林地逐渐被砍伐清理，转而变成了用于放牧牛羊的牧场)”以及结合全文内容可知，文章开篇提到英国凯尔特雨林的消失，随后重点介绍了当前全国范围内恢复雨林的努力，包括植树计划、资金支持以及预期的生态效益，因此，最佳标题应涵盖“恢复雨林”这一核心内容。故选C项。DIn2020,scientistsclaimedtohavefoundasignoflifeonVenus(金星):asmellygascalledphosphinethat’smadebytinylivingthingsonEarth.Theclaimwasquicklystirringupdisagreement.Now,anothersmellygasismakingwavesinthesearchforalien(外星的)life—nowturningtoaplanetbeyondoursolarsystem.ResearchersannouncedonApril16thattheyhaduseddatafromtheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST)todiscoveragascalleddimethylsulfide(DMS)intheatmosphereofadistantplanetcalledK2-18b.OnEarth,DMSismostlymadebytinyoceanplants.Onotherplanets,itcouldbewhat’scalledabiosignature(生命印记).TheUniversityofCambridge,whichhostsseveraloftheresearchersinvolvedinthediscovery,wasquicktopromotethefindingasthestrongestsignofbiologicalactivityoutsidethesolarsystem.SomemediaagentsfollowedsuittopublicizetheDMSasalikelysignoflife.Butscientistsnotinvolvedinthediscoveryaren’tasoverjoyed.ForClaraSousa-Silva,anastrochemistatBardCollegewhohasweatheredthestormoftheVenusbiosignaturedebatein2020,shenowwatcheshistoryrepeatitself.“Thesituationisdisappointinglyfamiliar.Wedidnotlearnenoughfromthe‘phosphineonVenus’event,”shesaid.ThosescientistsuseJWSTtodiscovergasesinK2-18b’satmospherebyanalyzinghowstarlightchangesasitpassesthroughK2-18b’satmosphere.Eachgasleavesuniquemarksinthelight,whichappearassquigglylinesonspecialgraphs.Theycomparedtheselinesto20differentmolecules(分子).Sousa-Silvapointedmostofthemoleculesaren’tstructurallysimilartoDMS.NationalGeographiccontactedsomeexpertstofindoutwhattomakeofthisnewbiosignatureclaim.Theirviewsarerepresented:It’saninterestingdiscovery,perhapsevenanimportantsteponthewaytodiscoveringlifeonotherplanetsoneday.Theystressedon“oneday”.32.WhydidtheresearchersconsiderDMSasasignoflife?A.Itismostlymadeupofphosphine.B.ItisjustassmellyasphosphineonVenus.C.ItwasfoundonK2-18bthathaslivingthings.D.ItismainlyproducedbylivingthingsonEarth.33.WhatisClaraSousa-Silva’sattitudetothenewbiosignatureclaim?A.Doubtful. B.Excited. C.Confused. D.Uncaring.34.HowdidscientistsidentifyDMSinK2-18b’satmosphere?A.ByobservingoceanplantsonK2-18b.B.BydirectlycollectinggasfromK2-18b.C.Bystudyingstarlightpassingthroughitsatmosphere.D.Bymatchingitwith20moleculesofsimilarstructure.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheexperts’viewsinthelastparagraph?A.FindingsfromJWST’sarequitedisappointing.B.Moreevidenceisneededtoconfirmtheclaim.C.TheybelievethatlifesurelyexistsonK2-18b.D.Theyconfirmthediscoveryabigachievement.【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章讲述科学家在系外行星K2-18b的大气中，发现了一种气体——dimethylsulfide(DMS)，认为这可能是外星生命存在的迹象。但科学界对此争议很大。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“OnEarth,DMSismostlymadebytinyoceanplants.Onotherplanets,itcouldbewhat’scalledabiosignature(生命印记).(在地球上，DMS主要是由微小的海洋植物产生的。在其他星球上，这可能是所谓的生物特征)”可知，DMS在地球上主要由海洋微生物产生，因此研究人员将其视为潜在的生命迹象。故选D。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“ForClaraSousa-Silva,anastrochemistatBardCollegewhohasweatheredthestormoftheVenusbiosignaturedebatein2020,shenowwatcheshistoryrepeatitself.“Thesituationisdisappointinglyfamiliar.Wedidnotlearnenoughfromthe‘phosphineonVenus’event,”shesaid.(巴德学院（BardCollege）的天体化学家克拉拉·索萨-席尔瓦（ClaraSousa-Silva）经受住了2020年金星生物特征辩论的风暴，她现在看着历史重演。“这种情况令人失望地熟悉。我们没有从‘金星上的磷化氢’事件中学到足够的东西，”她说)”推知，她对这一新发现持怀疑态度。故选A。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ThosescientistsuseJWSTtodiscovergasesinK2-18b’satmospherebyanalyzinghowstarlightchangesasitpassesthroughK2-18b’satmosphere.(这些科学家利用JWST通过分析星光穿过K2-18b大气层时的变化来发现K2-18b大气中的气体)”可知，科学家通过分析星光穿过K2-18b大气层时的变化来检测气体。故选C。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theirviewsarerepresented:It’saninterestingdiscovery,perhapsevenanimportantsteponthewaytodiscoveringlifeonotherplanetsoneday.Theystressedon“oneday”.(他们的观点得到了体现：这是一个有趣的发现，甚至可能是有朝一日在其他星球上发现生命的重要一步。他们强调“有一天”)”推知，目前仍需更多证据来支撑这一发现。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Toomuchstressharmsus,butinsufficientstressisactuallyjustasharmful.___36___.Goodstresshasaverydifferenteffectonourbodiesthantheharmfulstress.Whatcanyoudotointroducegoodstressintoyourlife?SearchouttherightamountLifewasn’texactlystress-free.Therefore,gooutsideyourcomfortzonetochallengeyourself.Goodstresscanbelikemedicine.Andlikeanymedicine,thedose(剂量)determinestheeffectiveness.Growthhappenswhenstressfallswiththesweetspot—neithertoomuchnortoolittle.___37___.Staytruetoyourself___38___.Ifitfeelsforced,it’sprobablyharmfulstress.Goodstressisn’taboutpositivelyconsideringbadstressasgoodstress.It’saboutpurposefullytakingontasksthatfulfillyou—likeajobthatfitsyourvalues.Goodstressshouldfeeltoughbutrewarding,liketrainingforamarathonyouwanttorun—notonesomeoneelsesignedyouupfor.___39___Physicallystressingyourselfinagoodwaycanhelpyoubecomementallystrongandviceversa(反之亦然).Forexample,exerciseenergetically,brieflyexpose(使……体验)yourselftoheatandcold,anddietcontrolnowandthenthroughtime-limitedeating.Thesepracticestrainyourbodytohandlestressbetterwhilealsobuildingmentalstrength,turningpossibleharmintorealtoughness.TrustthatyouaremadeforsomestressExperiencingstressisnotamistake—it’spartofbeinghuman.Ourhumanhistoryisoneofovercomingstressandbecomingstrongerbecauseofit.Throughrepeatcyclesofstressandrecovery,weunlockournaturalstrength.___40___.Toughnessisamusclewecanallbuildnomatterwhereweareorwhatwearefacing.A.ChoosemeaningfulchallengesB.It’sagiftwehavereceivedfromourDNAC.Makethemostofyourmind-bodyconnectionD.Youcan’tcontroloravoidthelong-termstressE.TheeffectsonusdependonthetypeandamountofstressF.AskyourselfifthechallengematcheswhatyoureallycareaboutG.Inotherwords,pushyourselfintowaterandswim,butdon’tletyourselfindanger【答案】36.E37.G38.F39.C40.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了引入良性压力的四种方式。【36题详析】根据上文“Toomuchstressharmsus,butinsufficientstressisactuallyjustasharmful.(过多的压力会对我们造成损害，但压力过少也同样有害)”以及后文“Goodstresshasaverydifferenteffectonourbodiesthantheharmfulstress.Whatcanyoudotointroducegoodstressintoyourlife?(良好的压力对我们身体的影响与有害压力截然不同。那么，你能做些什么来将良好的压力引入自己的生活呢？)”可知，后文提到了良好的压力，推测本句是在说明压力的类型带来的不同影响。故E选项“压力带给我们的影响取决于压力的类型和程度”符合语境，故选E。【37题详析】根据上文“Lifewasn’texactlystress-free.Therefore,gooutsideyourcomfortzonetochallengeyourself.Goodstresscanbelikemedicine.Andlikeanymedicine,thedose(剂量)determinestheeffectiveness.Growthhappenswhenstressfallswiththesweetspot—neithertoomuchnortoolittle.(生活并非完全没有压力。因此，要走出自己的舒适区，挑战自我。适度的压力就像良药。就像任何药物一样，剂量决定了效果。只有当压力处于最佳状态——既不过多也不过少时——才能促进成长)”可知，本句总结上文提到的“适度压力”的核心——主动走出舒适区但避免承受过度的压力。故G选项“换句话说，把自己推入水中并学习游泳，但别让自己陷入危险”符合语境，故选G。【38题详析】根据本段主旨“Staytruetoyourself(忠于自我)”以及后文“Ifitfeelsforced,it’sprobablyharmfulstress.Goodstressisn’taboutpositivelyconsideringbadstressasgoodstress.It’saboutpurposefullytakingontasksthatfulfillyou—likeajobthatfitsyourvalues.Goodstressshouldfeeltoughbutrewarding,liketrainingforamarathonyouwanttorun—notonesomeoneelsesignedyouupfor.(如果这种感觉显得很勉强，那很可能就是有害的压力。好的压力并非是将不良压力积极地视为良好的压力。好的压力是指有目的地承担那些能让你感到满足的任务——比如一份符合你价值观的工作。好的压力应该感觉艰难但有回报，就像你想要参加并为之努力训练的一场马拉松比赛——而不是你被别人安排去参加的那种比赛)”可知，本句说明段落主题“忠于自我”的内涵。故F选项“问问自己这个挑战是否与你真正在意的事物匹配”符合语境，故选F。【39题详析】根据本段内容“Physicallystressingyourselfinagoodwaycanhelpyoubecomementallystrongandviceversa(反之亦然).Forexample,exerciseenergetically,brieflyexpose(使……体验)yourselftoheatandcold,anddietcontrolnowandthenthroughtime-limitedeating.Thesepracticestrainyourbodytohandlestressbetterwhilealsobuildingmentalstrength,turningpossibleharmintorealtoughness.(以一种良好的方式对自身进行身体上的压力锻炼，能够帮助你增强心理素质，反之亦然。例如，进行高强度的运动，短暂地接触高温和低温环境，以及定期通过限时进食来控制饮食。这些做法能训练你的身体更好地应对压力，同时也能增强心理素质，将潜在的伤害转化为真正的坚韧)”可知，该段介绍了身心协同抗压的方法。故C选项“充分利用你的身心连接”符合语境，故选C。【40题详析】根据上文“Experiencingstressisnotamistake—it’spartofbeinghuman.Ourhumanhistoryisoneofovercomingstressandbecomingstrongerbecauseofit.Throughrepeatcyclesofstressandrecovery,weunlockournaturalstrength.(