广东省广州市增城区2024-2025学年高三下学期模拟测试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省广州市增城区2024-2025学年高三下学期模拟测试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASunshineJuniorGolfCampsSunshineJuniorGolfCampsforBeginnersaredesignedtointroduceyoutothefunsideofgolfthroughplayinggamesandcontests.Youwilllearnhowtohitballswithafullswing,andhowtochipandpitch.Mostimportantly,SunshineJuniorGolfCampsofferanopportunitytointeractwithotherkids,getagoodworkout,enjoytheoutdoorsandlearnasporttheycanenjoyfortherestoftheirlives!ScheduleTheBeginnerscampswillcoverthreeareas:thedrivingrange,puttinggreenandpitchinggreen.Dailycontestsforprizesarealwaysabighit.PreconditionsTheBeginnerscampsarespecifictojuniors,ages6-12yearsold,withlittletoZEROexperience.WhattoBringAregistrationconfirmationemailwithdetailsofwhatisneededwillbesentfromTomSmith,ManagerofSunshineJuniorGolfCamps.Forsafetyandadministrativepurposes,aphysicalexaminationreportisrecommendedandasafetyagreementwillbesignedduringcheck-in.CancellationPolicyPLEASE,NOTEOURREFUNDPOLICY:Theclasscancellationpolicyisarefundless18%ofregistrationfeeuntil7dayspriortothefirstdayofcamp.Therefundis50%ofregistrationfeeifcanceledwithin7daysofthefirstdayofcamp.Thereisnorefundifcanceledtwodays(SaturdayorSunday)beforethefirstclass.1.WhatisthemainpurposeofSunshineJuniorGolfCamps?A.Tobuildteamskillsviatournaments.B.Toconductadvancedtechnicaldrills.C.Tooffercoachingandequipmentrental.D.Toprovidefuntrainingwithpeerbonding.2.Whatisamustforcheck-in?A.Paymentinadvance.B.Signedpermissionform.C.Aphysicalexaminationreport.D.Anofficialemailfromthecamporganizer.3.Howmuchfeeisrefundedifcanceled8daysbeforecampstarts?A.Fullrefund. B.82%offee. C.50%offee. D.18%offee.【答案】1.D2.D3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了面向初学者的阳光青少年高尔夫夏令营的活动安排、注册要求及退款政策。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“SunshineJuniorGolfCampsforBeginnersaredesignedtointroduceyoutothefunsideofgolfthroughplayinggamesandcontests.Youwilllearnhowtohitballswithafullswing,andhowtochipandpitch.Mostimportantly,SunshineJuniorGolfCampsofferanopportunitytointeractwithotherkids(SunshineJuniorGolfCampsforBeginners旨在通过玩游戏和比赛向您介绍高尔夫的乐趣。你将学习如何用一个完整的挥杆击球，以及如何削球和投球。最重要的是，阳光青少年高尔夫夏令营提供了一个与其他孩子互动的机会)”可知，夏令营旨在通过游戏和比赛提供有趣的训练，并促进同龄人互动。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据WhattoBring部分“AregistrationconfirmationemailwithdetailsofwhatisneededwillbesentfromTomSmith(汤姆·史密斯将发送一封注册确认电子邮件，详细说明所需的内容)”可知，注册需提供夏令营组织者的官方确认邮件。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据CancellationPolicy部分“Theclasscancellationpolicyisarefundless18%ofregistrationfeeuntil7dayspriortothefirstdayofcamp.(取消课程的政策是在夏令营第一天的7天前退还注册费的18%。)”可知，提前7天以上取消可退还82%费用。故选B。B“Growingfruittreesisaverysimplewaytostayinlovewithourworld,”saysVivianKeh,dramawriteranddaughterofimmigrants.Sheholdsabasketofpersimmons(柿子)sheplantedtofeelconnectedtoherKoreanancestors.Kehisjustoneofthe50remarkablesubjectsinnaturewriterAmyStewart’sTheTreeCollectors:TalesofArborealObsession,abookofpeopletransformedbytheirloveoftrees.Initially,Stewartthoughtcollectingtreeswasstrange.Later,curiousaboutthesetreelovers,shediscoverededucators,protectorsandforward-thinkers,alldrawntoakindofcollection,motivatedbydifferentreasonsforplantingtrees.Theyplanttreesinallkindsofplaces,bigandsmall,publicandprivate,nurturing(培育)theirtreestohonorbeloveddead,attractwildlife,preserverarespecies,connecttohistory,investinthefuture,growfoodandcreatebeauty.Stewardcategorizesthesetreecollectorsaccordingtotheirsenseofpurpose.KennethHoegh,oneofthebook’s“ecologists”testswhichcold-lovingspeciesmightgrowinawarmingandhistoricallytreelessGreenland.“Healer”JoeHamiltonplantsloblollypinesonlandhegotfromhisenslavedancestors,intendingtocreateasustainableforestthatwillprovidelong-termwealthforhisfamily.ReaganWytsalucywantstorebuildtraditionalpeachgardensonNavajoland.She’spartofagroupcalled“communitybuilders”whoworktobringpeopletogether.Stewart’swatercolorillustrationsmakethebookevenmorecharming—Shepicturesthepeopleinherstoriesandalsocapturesthebeautyofthetrees,liketheuniqueeucalyptusseedsanddelicatecamelliaflowers.Afterspendingtimeinthisvariedcommunity,you’llundoubtedlyexperienceastrongdesiretorestundertheshadeofaleafytree.Butthere’smoretoit:thebookgivespeopleachancetosharewhattheylove.“Howoftendoanyofusgetachancetopourourheartsouttoastranger?”shewrites.“Somehow,talkingabouttreesmadeitpossible.”4.WhatmakesStewartchangeherattitudetowardstreecollectors?A.Protectionofwildlife. B.Fearoflosingtreespecies.C.Explorationoftheirmotivations. D.Honoroftheirbeloveddead.5.WhatisthemainpurposeofReaganWytsalucy’streeplantingproject?A.Todevelopraretreespecies. B.Tostrengthenpeople’ssocialbonds.C.Totestnewfarmingtechniques. D.Tocreatealastingfinancialsource.6.Whatdoesthequoteinthelastparagraphsuggestaboutdiscussingtrees?A.Itinspiresnewideas. B.Itallowsdeepemotionalsharing.C.Itrarelyhappensinpublic. D.Ithelpsresolveenvironmentalissues.7.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthebook?A.Inspiring. B.Conventional. C.Complicated. D.Abstract.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍自然作家艾米·斯图尔特的《树木收藏者》及书中人物对树木的热爱与种植动机。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Later,curiousaboutthesetreelovers,shediscoverededucators,protectorsandforward-thinkers,alldrawntoakindofcollection,motivatedbydifferentreasonsforplantingtrees.(后来，出于对这些树木爱好者的好奇，她发现了教育家、保护者和远见者，他们都被某种收集所吸引，出于不同的植树动机。)”可知，斯图尔特因探索树木收集者的种植动机而改变了对他们的看法。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ReaganWytsalucywantstorebuildtraditionalpeachgardensonNavajoland.She’spartofagroupcalled“communitybuilders”whoworktobringpeopletogether.(里根·怀特萨鲁西（ReaganWytsalucy）希望在纳瓦霍族土地上重建传统桃园。她隶属于一个名为“社区建设者”的组织，该组织致力于凝聚社区力量、促进人际联结。)”可知，里根·怀特萨鲁西的植树项目主要目的是加强人们的社会联系。故选B项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Howoftendoanyofusgetachancetopourourheartsouttoastranger?Somehow,talkingabouttreesmadeitpossible.(我们中有多少人有机会向陌生人倾诉心声？不知何故，谈论树木让这成为可能。)”可知，该引语暗示谈论树木能让人们进行深层次的情感分享。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Afterspendingtimeinthisvariedcommunity,you’llundoubtedlyexperienceastrongdesiretorestundertheshadeofaleafytree.Butthere’smoretoit:thebookgivespeopleachancetosharewhattheylove.(在这个多元社区度过一段时间后，你无疑会强烈渴望在枝叶繁茂的树下休憩。但这并非全部：这本书让人们有机会分享所爱之事。)”以及上下文可知，作者认为这本书鼓舞人心，会让读者爱上树以及向往书里的生活。故选A项。CWhydoweyawn(打哈欠)?Thisstrangethingpeopledowhentheyfeeltiredorboredisactuallypuzzling.Yawningcanbeincrediblyeasyto“catch”—whenyouseeotherpeopleyawning,youmayoftenfindyourselfwantingtoyawn,too.Evenreadingaboutyawningcanmakeyouyawn.AndrewGallup,ayawnexpertfromtheStateUniversityofNewYorkPolytechnicInstitute,explainsthatanaturalyawnhasnothingtodowithboostingoxygenlevels.Instead,itmaymakeyoufeelmoreawakeandseemstobecausedbyrisesinbraintemperature.Onestudy,fromBaylorUniversity,suggeststhatcatchingayawnisallaboutempathy(共情)—theabilitytofeeltheemotionsofothers.Thestudyshowsthatpeoplewhostruggletoempathizewithothersarelesslikelytofindayawncatching.It’snotjusthumanswhoyawn,though.Scientistshavestudiedthebehaviourinchimps(黑猩猩),wolves,sheep,seaanimalsandpetdogs.Doanimalsfeelempathytoo?AstudyoflionsinSouthAfricafoundthatafteryawning,theywouldsynchronizetheirmovements.Thisshowsthatagapingmouthcouldbeawayforthebigcatstofeeleachother’sfeelings,whichisparticularlyimportantforhighlysocialspeciessuchaslions.Bycopyingeachother,yawningmayactuallyincreasetheawarenessofagroupasawhole.Gallupsaysthatthisbehaviourmighthavedevelopedtokeepgroupsofhumanssafe.Seeingapersonyawningmightthereforecauseanobservertopaymoreattention.Gallupconductedastudytotestthistheory.Heshowedanumberofpeoplepicturesofsnakes,whichareseenasathreat,andfrogs,whicharenot,beforeandaftertheyhadwatchedavideoofothersyawning.Whilewatchingthevideodidn’taffecttheirabilitytospotthenon-threateningfrogs,theyweremuchbetteratspottingthreateningsnakesafterwatchingothersyawn.Sothenexttimesomeoneyawns,don’tassumeit’sbecausethey’rebored.Ayawncanmeanmanythings,fromshowingempathytocommunicatingwithothers,orevenprotectingthemfromdanger.8.WhatisthefindingoftheBaylorUniversitystudy?A.Peoplecanbuildempathywiththehelpofyawning.B.Naturalyawningmainlyhelpsincreaseoxygenlevels.C.Peoplewithlowempathyarelesslikelytocatchayawn.D.Yawningcancausebraintemperaturetorisesignificantly.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“synchronizetheirmovements”inparagraph3mean?A.Performactionsinharmony. B.Runindifferentdirections.C.Copyeachother’semotions. D.Moveupanddownrandomly.10.WhatcanweinferaboutyawningfromGallup’sstudy?A.Itcouldreduceourcapacitytomaintainattention.B.Itmayhelpimproveourabilitytorecognizethreats.C.Itcanmakeuslesssensitivetonon-threateningitems.D.Itmightgetustobemoreawareofoursurroundings.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toexplainthephenomenonofyawning.B.Tocompareyawninginhumansandanimals.C.Todescribetheculturalsignificanceofyawning.D.Toexploreimpactsofyawningonsocialbehaviour.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了打哈欠这一现象，介绍了打哈欠的原因，动物打哈欠的情况，还通过研究说明打哈欠可能带来的作用。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thestudyshowsthatpeoplewhostruggletoempathizewithothersarelesslikelytofindayawncatching.(这项研究表明，难以与他人产生共情的人不太容易被别人的哈欠“传染”)”可知，贝勒大学的研究发现共情能力低的人不太容易被别人的哈欠“传染”。故选C项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。划线短语后文“Thisshowsthatagapingmouthcouldbeawayforthebigcatstofeeleachother’sfeelings,whichisparticularlyimportantforhighlysocialspeciessuchaslions.(这表明张大嘴巴可能是这些大型猫科动物感受彼此情感的一种方式，这对狮子等高度群居的物种尤为重要)”可知，狮子也会感受彼此情感，会跟着张大嘴巴打哈欠，所以“AstudyoflionsinSouthAfricafoundthatafteryawning,theywouldsynchronizetheirmovements.(一项对南非狮子的研究发现，在打哈欠后，它们会……)”中划线部分是指有狮子打哈欠后，其它狮子也会做出同样的动作，“协调一致地执行动作”，与“erformactionsinharmony.”意思一致。故选A项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Heshowedanumberofpeoplepicturesofsnakes,whichareseenasathreat,andfrogs,whicharenot,beforeandaftertheyhadwatchedavideoofothersyawning.Whilewatchingthevideodidn’taffecttheirabilitytospotthenonthreateningfrogs,theyweremuchbetteratspottingthreateningsnakesafterwatchingothersyawn.(他让一些人在观看他人打哈欠的视频前后分别看被视为威胁的蛇和不被视为威胁的青蛙的图片。观看视频并没有影响他们发现无威胁的青蛙的能力，但在观看他人打哈欠的视频后，他们发现有威胁的蛇的能力大大提高了)”可知，从加尔洛普的研究可以推断出打哈欠可能有助于提高我们识别威胁的能力。故选B项。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Whydoweyawn(打哈欠)?Thisstrangethingpeopledowhentheyfeeltiredorboredisactuallypuzzling.(我们为什么会打哈欠？人们在感到疲倦或无聊时做的这个奇怪的动作实际上令人费解)”以及后文对打哈欠原因、动物打哈欠情况和打哈欠作用的介绍可知，本文的目的是解释打哈欠这一现象。故选A项。DForcenturies,whatmakeshumancreativitysopreciousisnotonlythefinalproductsityields,butalsotheeffortbehindtheircreation.ButinaworldwhereAIcangenerateanythingwiththeclickofabutton,howdowedistinguishwhattrulymatters?Howdoeshuman-madeartsurvive?Throughouthistory,themostfamousworksofart,literature,andmusichavecarriedasenseoflabor,dedication,andmastery.Wedon’tjustadmiretheendproduct;weadmirehowitcametobe.MasterpieceslikeVanGogh’s“StarryNight”sustainnotsimplyfortheirartisticbeauty,butforthehumanstoriestheycarry.Theyremindusthatartisnotjustaboutbeautyorskill—itisaboutintention,persistence,andwhatmakesushuman.AsAIfloodstheworldwithinstantbeauty,we’reenteringaneraof“aestheticinflation”,whereperfectlycomposedimages,poeticstyle,andmovie-likestorytellingareavailabletoanyone,instantlyandatnocost.Thismakesusthinkaboutwhenbeautyiseffortlessandendless,doeshumancreationsstillhavevalue?Buthumanimperfectionisn’taweakness—it’spartofwhoweare,shapingourunderstandingofhumanity.Ourstruggles,mistakes,andlimitationsaren’tjustdifficultiestoovercome—they’repartofwhatgiveslifemeaning.Inthislight,AI’sabilitytocreateperfectartfeelsalmostunnatural—arejectionofthestrugglethatgivescreativityitsweight.Itmayachievetechnicalperfection—butatthecostoftheoriginalenergythatmakesartstirfeelingswithinpeople.Evenatitsmostimpressive,AI-generatedartoftenfeelsempty.Ithasnorealemotionsorexperiences,andnoclearcreator,failingtocreateunexpectedsurprisesandarousesharedemotionwithaudience.Therefore,topreservemeaning,selectionandcontextbecomemorecrucial.AsAIcanproduceendlesscontent,thehumanelementslikecontext,narrativeandthereasoningbehindartbecomethetruevaluesource.Also,AIcanbeacreativecollaboratorratherthanareplacement,refiningideaswhilekeepinghumanimperfectionandfeeling,andactingasanamplifier(放大镜)ofhumanvision.12.Whydomasterpieceslike“StarryNight”remainvaluableintheAIera?A.Theyrepresentuniquehumancharacteristics.B.Theyshowcasebrilliantartisticcreationskill.C.Theyarecreatedthroughlongproductionprocesses.D.Theycontainhumanemotionaldepthandcreativeeffort.13.Whydoestheauthormention“aestheticinflation”inparagraph3?A.TodemonstrateAI’sefficiencyinartcreation.B.ToprovethatAI-generatedartismoreaffordable.C.Tocriticizetheoveruseoftechnologyinartcreation.D.Tostressthedevaluationofbeautyduetomassproduction.14.Howdoestheauthordeveloptheargumentinthepassage?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bygivingdefinitions.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bymakingclassifications.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AGuidetoPerfectArtwithAIB.HowtoCreateArtintheAgeofAIC.WhyHumanArtStillMattersintheAIAgeD.ANewRevolutioninArtCreationbroughtbyAI【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了在人工智能时代，人类艺术如何存续，指出人类艺术因包含情感深度和创作努力而仍具价值，AI可作为创作伙伴。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“MasterpieceslikeVanGogh’s“StarryNight”sustainnotsimplyfortheirartisticbeauty,butforthehumanstoriestheycarry.Theyremindusthatartisnotjustaboutbeautyorskill—itisaboutintention,persistence,andwhatmakesushuman.(像梵高的《星夜》这样的杰作之所以经久不衰，不仅仅是因为它们的艺术之美，还因为它们承载着人类的故事。它们提醒我们，艺术不仅仅关乎美或技巧——它关乎意图、坚持以及使我们成为人类的东西)”可知，《星夜》等杰作在人工智能时代仍有价值是因为它们承载着人类的故事，包含人类的情感深度和创作努力。故选D项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“AsAIfloodstheworldwithinstantbeauty,we’reenteringaneraof“aestheticinflation”,whereperfectlycomposedimages,poeticstyle,andmovielikestorytellingareavailabletoanyone,instantlyandatnocost.Thismakesusthinkaboutwhenbeautyiseffortlessandendless,doeshumancreationsstillhavevalue?(随着人工智能用即时之美充斥世界，我们正在进入一个“审美通胀”的时代，在这个时代，完美构图的图像、诗意的风格和电影般的叙事任何人都可以即时免费获得。这让我们思考，当美来得轻而易举且无穷无尽时，人类的创作还有价值吗?)”可知，作者提到“审美通胀”是为了强调由于大规模生产导致美的贬值。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Ourstruggles,mistakes,andlimitationsaren’tjustdifficultiestoovercome—they’repartofwhatgiveslifemeaning.Inthislight,AI’sabilitytocreateperfectartfeelsalmostunnatural—arejectionofthestrugglethatgivescreativityitsweight.Itmayachievetechnicalperfection—butatthecostoftheoriginalenergythatmakesartstirfeelingswithinpeople.Evenatitsmostimpressive,AIgeneratedartoftenfeelsempty.Ithasnorealemotionsorexperiences,andnoclearcreator,failingtocreateunexpectedsurprisesandarousesharedemotionwithaudience.(我们的奋斗、错误和局限不仅仅是需要克服的困难——它们是赋予生命意义的一部分。从这个角度看，人工智能创造完美艺术的能力几乎显得不自然——它拒绝了赋予创造力以分量的奋斗。它可能实现技术上的完美，但却以牺牲那种能让艺术在人们心中激起情感的原始活力为代价。即使在最令人印象深刻的时候，人工智能生成的艺术也常常让人感觉空洞。它没有真实的情感或体验，也没有明确的创作者，无法创造出意想不到的惊喜，也无法引起观众的共鸣)”可知，文章将人类艺术和人工智能生成的艺术进行了对比，由此推知，作者是通过作比较来展开论述的。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“ButinaworldwhereAIcangenerateanythingwiththeclickofabutton,howdowedistinguishwhattrulymatters?Howdoeshumanmadeartsurvives?(但在一个人工智能只需点击一下按钮就能生成任何东西的世界里，我们如何区分真正重要的东西呢?人类制作的艺术如何存续呢?)”和第二段中“Theyremindusthatartisnotjustaboutbeautyorskill—itisaboutintention,persistence,andwhatmakesushuman.(像它们提醒我们，艺术不仅仅关乎美或技巧——它关乎意图、坚持以及使我们成为人类的东西)”以及后文对人类艺术价值的阐述可知，本文主要探讨了在人工智能时代人类艺术为何仍然重要。故C项“WhyHumanArtStillMattersintheAIAge(为什么在人工智能时代人类艺术仍然重要)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Therehasbeenaveryseriousdeclineinthenumbersofshallow-waterfishasaresultofoverfishing.Peoplestillwanttoeatfish,sothefishingindustrymustlookatothersources,especiallythedeepwatersoftheAtlantic.____16____Conservationmeasureswillhavetobeputinplaceifthesedeep-seafisharetosurvive.Researchonfivesuchspeciesshowsthatnumbershavedeclinedbybetween87percentand98percent.____17____Manyspeciescouldwelldisappearcompletelyifthepresenttrendcontinues.Thesearespeciesthathavebeenswimminginouroceansforhundredsofmillionsofyears.Theproblemisemphasizedbythefactthatthedeclineinnumbershappenedinlessthantwentyyears.Deep-seafishtakealongtimetoreproduceandnormallyliveformanyyears.____18____Theaveragesizeofsuchfishalsodeclined,withonespeciesshowinga57percentdeclineinaveragesize.Thisisofparticularconcern,aslargefishtendtoproducemoreoffspringthansmallones.____19____Thedeep-seaspecieshavebeencaughtasiftheywerethefast-breeding(快速繁殖)fishlikesardineandherring.Itislikekillingelephantsasiftheyreproducedatthesamerateasrabbits.Thedamagedonebyoverfishinggoesbeyondtheseaenvironment.Millionsofpeoplemakealivinginthefishingindustry.____20____Measuresmustbetakentonotonlyconserveecosystems,butalsosustainlivelihoodsandensurefoodsecurity.A.Billionsofpeoplerelyonfishforprotein.B.Manypeoplenowchoosenottoeatdeep-seafish.C.Unfortunately,theirreproductionrateisverylow.D.Thisputstheminthecategoryof“criticallyendangered”.E.Noneofthesefactshasbeentakenintoaccountbythefishingindustry.F.Overfishingisamajorcauseofdeclineinpopulationsofoceanwildlife.G.Thishasresultedinasharpdeclineinthenumbersofmanyofthespeciescaught.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.E20.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了由于过度捕捞浅水鱼类的数量已经严重下降，以及由此导致的后果。【16题详析】根据上文“Peoplestillwanttoeatfish,sothefishingindustrymustlookatothersources,especiallythedeepwatersoftheAtlantic.”（人们仍然想吃鱼，因此渔业必须寻找其他来源，特别是大西洋的深水区）推知，选项承接上文说明以上做法导致的不良影响。故G选项“这导致许多被捕获物种的数量急剧下降”切题。故选G项。【17题详析】根据上文“Researchonfivesuchspeciesshowsthatnumbershavedeclinedbybetween87percentand98percent.”（对五种这样的物种的研究表明，数量下降了87%到98%）可知，数量下降到了一定程度，我们便称为它们为“极度濒危”物种。故D选项“这使得它们被归为“极度濒危”物种”切题，this指代上文提到的“numbershavedeclinedbybetween87percentand98percent.”。故选D项。【18题详析】根据上文“Deep-seafishtakealongtimetoreproduceandnormallyliveformanyyears.”（深海鱼类需要很长时间繁殖，通常可以活很多年）根据下文“Theaveragesizeofsuchfishalsodeclined,withonespeciesshowinga57percentdeclineinaveragesize.Thisisofparticularconcern,aslargefishtendtoproducemoreoffspringthansmallones.”（这些鱼的平均尺寸也在下降，其中一个物种的平均尺寸下降了57%。这一点值得特别关注，因为大鱼往往比小鱼生育更多的后代）可知，选项承接上下文说明深海鱼类的繁殖率非常低。故C选项“不幸的是，它们的繁殖率非常低”切题。故选C项。【19题详析】根据下文“Thedeep-seaspecieshavebeencaughtasiftheywerethefast-breeding(快速繁殖)fishlikesardineandherring.Itislikekillingelephantsasiftheyreproducedatthesamerateasrabbits.”（深海鱼类被捕获，仿佛它们是沙丁鱼和鲱鱼等快速繁殖的鱼类。这就像把大象当作繁殖速度飞快的兔子杀死一样）可知，渔业忽略了一些物种繁殖速度慢的事实。故E选项“渔业没有考虑到这些事实”故选E项。【20题详析】根据上文“Millionsofpeoplemakealivinginthefishingindustry.”（数百万人以渔业为生）可知，选项与上文为并列关系，说明渔业对人的重要作用。故A选项“数十亿人依赖鱼类获取蛋白质”切题。故选A项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasfirstgoingintothisfinalday,theJuniorSledDogChampionship.We’dtrainedtwoyearsandwantedtobeatBlake.IkneltdowntopatKenaiandmyhands___21___fromnervesandexcitement.Kenaitippeduphisfacetolickmychin.“Youare___22___,aren’tyou?”Justbeforethecountdownstarted,Blakeshotmea___23___grin,handstremblingtoo.ThenIheard,“Go!”___24___Icouldyell“Hike!”,Kenaileapedforward.Therestofthedogs___25___after.Westartedlast.Weflewdownthelonghill.Thenwe___26___acorner.Ileanedtokeepthesledsteady.KenaisawBlake’steambeforeIdid.Histailflewup,andhe___27___.Seeinghistonguestillfloppingforward,Ilethimgoallout.Weclosedthe___28___.Abridgelater,weinchedcloser.Onthenexthill,KenaidrewevenwithBlake’ssledandthenwepassedit.___29___oursledhitabranch.Therunnerscaught.Ilostmy___30___andfelloffthesled.Witnessingthesledcometoastop,IstruggledthroughthedeepsnowtoKenai.I___31___.Hisshoulderwasbleeding.“Kenai!No!”Myvoicecameoutahowl.Kenai___32___tostand.Helookedatme,hisblueeyes___33___tokeepon.Hewoulddoit,too.ForonefrozenmomentIsawmyselfonthewinner’sstandwiththetrophy(奖杯).Butno.Ibentandgently___34___Kenaiinablanket.TheracevetexaminingKenai,IwatchedBlakeacceptthetrophy.Kenaisquirminginmylap,Ileanedoveruponhim.Justatthatmoment,Ifeltawarmtongueonmywetcheek.IsmiledandrealizedthatIhadthe___35___thatreallycounted.21.A.softened B.shook C.withdrew D.extended22.A.clever B.thirsty C.helpful D.ready23.A.broad B.satisfied C.tight D.slight24.A.As B.Beyond C.Before D.After25.A.pulled B.charged C.jumped D.barked26.A.cut B.missed C.kept D.rounded27.A.tookoff B.flewaway C.turnedaround D.bentforward28.A.race B.difference C.gap D.goal29.A.Suddenly B.Finally C.Gradually D.Occasionally30.A.way B.hold C.temper D.sight31.A.quitted B.insisted C.sighed D.froze32.A.struggled B.decided C.refused D.pretended33.A.forcing B.begging C.ordering D.persuading34.A.tookup B.putup C.broughtup D.wrappedup35.A.achievement B.companion C.prize D.friendship【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.D32.A33.B34.D35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一场雪橇狗锦标赛中的情景。主人公希望击败对手Blake，但比赛中发生了意外。最终他们虽未获胜，但体验到了真正的奖励——与Kenai之间深厚的情感纽带。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跪下来给Kenai喂食，紧张和激动让我的手都在颤抖。A.softened软化；B.shook颤抖；C.withdrew抽出；D.extended延伸，伸出。根据后文“fromnervesandexcitement”可知“我”的手是颤抖的。故选B项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kenai仰起脸舔我的下巴。“你准备好了，是吧？”A.clever聪明的；B.thirsty渴的；C.helpful有帮助的；D.ready准备的。根据后文“Justbeforethecountdownstarted,Blakeshotmeagrin,handstremblingtoo.”可知在倒计时之前，做起跑准备。故选D项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在倒计时开始之前，Blake对我露出了一个紧张的笑容，手也在颤抖。A.broad宽的；B.satisfied满意的；C.tight紧的，紧张的；D.slight轻微的。根据“handstremblingtoo”可知Blake此刻也是紧张的，因此笑容是紧张的。故选C项。【24题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：然后我听到“出发！”还没等我喊“出发！”，Kenai就向前蹿了出去。A.As当……的时候；B.Beyond超越；C.Before在……之前。D.After在……之后。根据前文“Go!”可知在“我”喊出发之前，Kenai听到别人的“出发”后就蹿了出去。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其余的狗紧随其后。A.pulled拉；B.charged猛冲；C.jumped跳；D.barked狗叫。根据后文“Onthenexthill,KenaidrewevenwithBlake’ssledandthenwepassedit.”可知很多狗紧随其后一起向前猛冲。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们转过了一个弯。A.cut切；B.missed错过；C.kept保持；D.rounded绕过，环绕。分析语境可知，前文表示飞快地跑下了长长的山坡之后，到转弯处附近转弯。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：它的尾巴翘了起来，飞快地跑开了。A.tookoff起飞；B.flewaway飞走；C.turnedaround转身；D.bentforward向前弯。根据后文“Onthenexthill,KenaidrewevenwithBlake’ssledandthenwepassedit.”可知Kenai速度飞快很快超过了Blake。故选A项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们拉近了差距。A.race赛跑；B.difference不同；C.gap差距；D.goal目标。根据后文“Onthenexthill,KenaidrewevenwithBlake’ssledandthenwepassedit.”可知Kenai速度飞快，拉近了差距，很快超过了Blake。故选C项。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我们的雪撬撞上了树枝。A.Suddenly突然；B.Finally最终；C.Gradually逐渐；D.Occasionally偶然。根据后文“Therunnerscaught.”可知此刻出现了突发状况，我们的雪撬突然撞上了树枝。故选A项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没抓住，从雪橇上摔了下来。A.way方式；B.hold抓住；C.temper脾气；D.sight视线。根据后文“felloffthesled”可知“我”没抓住，从雪橇上摔了下来。故选B项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我愣住了，他的肩膀在流血。A.quitted退出；B.insisted坚持说；C.sighed叹气；D.froze愣住。根据后文“Hisshoulderwasbleeding.”可知看到Kenai肩膀流血，“我”很紧张，“我”的反应是愣在原地。故选D项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kenai挣扎着站了起来。A.struggled挣扎；B.decided决定；C.refused拒绝；D.pretended假装。根据前文“Witnessingthesledcometoastop,IstruggledthroughthedeepsnowtoKenai.”可知Kenai也挣扎地努力站起来想继续比赛。故选A项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看着我，蓝色的眼睛乞求我继续下去。A.forcing迫使；B.begging乞求；C.ordering命令；D.persuading劝说。根据后文“Hewoulddoit,too.”可知Kenai想继续下去，但因为受伤，乞求我继续下去。故选B项。【34题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我弯下腰，用毯子轻轻地把Kenai裹了起来。A.tookup占据；B.putup张贴；C.broughtup抚养；D.wrappedup包、裹。根据语境可知，我们没有赢得比赛，比赛结束后，我用毯子把它包裹起来去看兽医。故选D项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我笑了，意识到我得到了真正有价值的奖品。A.achievement成就；B.companion陪伴；C.prize奖；D.friendship友谊。根据前文“ForonefrozenmomentIsawmyselfonthewinner’sstandwiththetrophy( 奖杯 ).Butno.”可知我们没有赢得比赛，但是最后“我”收获了与Kenai之间深厚的情感纽带，这对“我”而言是真正重要的奖品。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InCaoxiancounty,Shandong,hanfuworkshopsareinnovatingtraditionaldesigns.LiZhen,____36____entrepreneur,explainedthatwhileclassichanfu’slengthmadesummersalesslow,____37____(shorten)styleslikehalf-skirtsnowmeetwarm-weatherdemand.“Werefineddesignsthroughonlineconsultations,”sheadded.Asane-commerceandhanfucenter,Caoxianistransformingsummer____38____apeakseason.AtYouaiYuncanghanfucenter,anamelessdresssoldout____39____(instant).“Itslightweight,fold-freedesignsuitsallagesfordailywear,”saidLiZhen.AsoneoftheHanfu____40____(enthusiast),shepraisedsummer-friendlyhorse-facedskirts:“They’restylishandbreathable.”Theneo-Chinesestyle,combininghistoricalelementswithmodernfashion,____41____(fascinate)youthinrecentyears.Duringgraduationseason,LiZhencooperatedwithuniversitiestointegratehanfupatternsintoacademicuniforms.“____42____(wear)theseclothesatculturalsitesmakesmefeelpartofaclassicalpainting,”sharedaShanghaivisitor.Thistrend____43____(drive)byPost-00sdesigners.ZhangZichen,afashiongraduate,joinedtheindustryafterahanfuexperiencelastOctober.“Thesummersalesprovesourwork,”shenoted.Caoxiannowhosts1,200ofChina’stop2,000onlinehanfustores,employing100,000locals.Thecounty’s5-kilometerproductionchain—fromdyeingtosewing—supportsacomplete____44____(industry)chain.KongFanxing,Caoxian’sculturedirector,believesyouth-ledcreati