广东省深圳市南山区某中学2025-2026学年度第二学期期中检测高一年级英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省深圳市南山区某中学2025-2026学年度第二学期期中检测高一年级英语试题第I卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACastleintheCloudsiscurrentlyofferingthenewestfieldtrippackage,withhelpfromtheCastleTeacherAdvisoryGroupwhoassessestheactivityeveryweek.Withthisfieldtrip,ourEducationTeamwillworkwithyouforavisitwhichbestmatchesyourcurriculum(课程)andaddressesthespecificdemandsofyourstudents.Usethechartbelowtobuildyourfieldtrip!StartbyChoosingOneGuidedTour·IncludeaLucknowHighlightstourfacilitatedbyourEducationTeam·Includeworkbookstouseduringthetour·Pre-visitandpost-visitactivities·A50-minutetourplus30minutesfortravellingtoandfromtheCastleonthestreetcar·Studentsmustbedividedintogroupsof8·1guardianforevery10studentsisfree·Price:$15perstudent*Timingisbasedon24students,themaximumnumberofstudentstheCastlecanaccommodateatatime.Self-GuidedTour·Includeworkbooksforstudents,astreetcarride,andpre-visitandpost-visitactivities·Abletotouratyourownpace,interactwithmuseuminterpreters,andreadExploreMoreCards·Werecommend60minutesforyourtourand30minutesfortravellingtoandfromtheCastleonthestreetcar·Studentsmustbedividedintogroupsof5·1guardianforevery5studentsisfree·Price:$10perstudent

WantMore?AddonaCastleExperience,$5perstudent*Pleasebookyouradd-onexperienceatleastonemonthinadvance.Hike·Landscape·History·Nature&EcologyGardenTourPhotographyArtIfinterested,pleasefillouttheFieldTripRequestForm!1.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A.Schoolteachers. B.Parents.C.Tourguides. D.Castlemanagers.2.WhatdoGuidedTourandSelf-GuidedTourhaveincommon?A.Lengthoftime. B.Providedmaterials.C.Travelexpenses. D.Groupsize.3.Whichcombinationsuitsanatureloverwhoenjoystravellingathisorherownpace?A.Self-GuidedTour+add-onHike. B.Self-GuidedTour+add-onArt.C.GuidedTour+add-onGardenTour. D.GuidedTour+add-onPhotography.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【语篇解读】文章介绍了云中之堡推出的实地考察相关套餐，包括两种参观类型、附加体验及相关注意事项。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Withthisfieldtrip,ourEducationTeamwillworkwithyouforavisitwhichbestmatchesyourcurriculumandaddressesthespecificdemandsofyourstudents.(通过此次实地考察，我们的教育团队将与您合作，打造一次最符合您课程要求、满足您的学生特定需求的参观活动。)”可知，该研学旅行的目标受众是学校教师。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据表格中GuidedTour部分“Includeworkbookstouseduringthetour(包含参观期间可使用的练习册)”及Self-GuidedTour部分“Includeworkbooksforstudents,astreetcarride,andpre-visitandpost-visitactivities(包含学生用练习册、有轨电车乘坐服务，以及参观前和参观后的活动)”可知，两种游览项目都包含练习册，提供的材料一致。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据表格中Self-GuidedTour(自助游览)部分“Abletotouratyourownpace(可按自己的节奏参观)”及附加体验中：徒步（Hike）包含“Nature&Ecology”（自然与生态），贴合自然爱好者需求，因此适合喜欢按自己节奏游览的自然爱好者的组合为自助游览及附加项目里的远足。BWhenyougetalessdesirablegift,peopleliketosay,“It’sthethoughtthatcounts.”Butwithmymother’sgifts,you’vereallygottowonder,“Whatthoughtwasthatexactly?”Mymother’spresentsarenevergiventobemean;theyarealwayspresentedwithwide-eyed,innocentexcitement.“Doyoulikeit?”shealwaysasksproudlyandexpectantly,andwenodourheadswhilewetrytofigureoutwhat“it”is.Overtheyears,mymother’sChristmaspresentshavebecomewell-knownfortheamusement—andsometimeshorror—thattheycouldcause.Once,shegavemeasweaterinneonpinkandprintedwithherownfaceonthefront.IwearitwhenImissher,butalsowhenIwanttoscaremyfriends.AnotherChristmas,Iopenedaboxtofindawind-up(上发条的)toyparrotthatrepeatedeverythingIsaidinacreepyvoice.Momthoughtitwould"keepmecompany."Severalyearsago,shespentdaysworkingonahandmadeclaysculpture(泥雕塑):alovinglycraftedbutscaryinterpretationofmyhead.Itooktheclayheadhomeandplaceditonmybathroomcounterasshetoldmeto.Isoondiscoveredthatfewthingswouldterrifymytwo-year-oldchildmorethanasmall,strange-lookingversionofhismother’sheadstaringathimwhilehewassittingonthetoilet.SomeoneaskedmewhatIhopedtogetforthisChristmasfrommymother.“Ohnothing,”Iexplained.Youdon’t“hope”forgiftsfromher.They’recoming—whetheryouwantthemornot.Buttheweird,clueless,endlessandenthusiasticlovethatcomeswithmymother’sgiftsisthesamelovewithwhichsheraisedme,andit’shersandhersalone.Shehasalwayslovedmeformyboringpersonalityunconditionally,andI—withallmyeyerollsandsighsbytheChristmastree—loveherunconditionallyaswell.There’snobettergifttogiveyourchildrenthanlettingthemknowthattheycanbeweirdorawkwardandstillfeelunconditionallyloved.4.Whydoestheauthoraskthequestioninparagraph1?A.Toexpressconcernaboutthegifts. B.Topointouthermother’slackoflove.C.Tosuggesthermom’sthoughtlessness. D.Tostressthestrangenatureofthegifts.5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheclaysculpture?A.Lovely. B.Expensive. C.Unimaginative. D.Horrifying.6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardhermother’sChristmasgiftsaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Hopingtheywillimprove. B.Amusedbytheirstrangeness.C.Acceptingthey’reunavoidable. D.Determinedtopreventtheirarrival.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.GiftIdeasforLovedOnes B.SpecialLoveinMother’sGiftsC.ArtofAcceptingUnwantedGifts D.FamilyTraditionsofGivingGifts【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.B【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了母亲送的礼物虽然古怪，但其中蕴含着母亲对作者无尽的爱。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenyougetalessdesirablegift,peopleliketosay,“It’sthethoughtthatcounts.”Butwithmymother’sgifts,you’vereallygottowonder,“Whatthoughtwasthatexactly?”(当你收到一个不太理想的礼物时，人们喜欢说：“心意才是最重要的。”但当我收到母亲的礼物时，你真的会想：“那到底是什么心意呢？”)”可知，作者提出这个问题是为了强调母亲送的礼物很奇怪。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Severalyearsago,shespentdaysworkingonahandmadeclaysculpture(泥雕塑):alovinglycraftedbutscaryinterpretationofmyhead.(几年前，她耗费数日制作了一座手工泥塑，用心雕琢，却塑造出了一个样貌怪异的我的头像)”可知，这个泥雕塑令人惊骇。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段““Ohnothing,”Iexplained.Youdon’t“hope”forgiftsfromher.They’recoming—whetheryouwantthemornot.(“哦，没什么，”我解释道。你不会“希望”从她那里得到礼物。不管你想不想要，它们都会来的)”可知，作者认为母亲的礼物是不可避免的。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“There’snobettergifttogiveyourchildrenthanlettingthemknowthattheycanbeweirdorawkwardandstillfeelunconditionallyloved.(给你的孩子最好的礼物就是让他们知道，他们可以很奇怪或尴尬，但仍然能感受到无条件的爱)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了母亲送的礼物虽然古怪，但其中蕴含着母亲对作者无尽的爱，因此B选项“SpecialLoveinMother’sGifts(母亲礼物中的特殊爱)”符合文章主旨，适合用作标题。CWeallloveourparentsandturntothemwhenwe’reinneed,butwouldyoulikethemtoheartheconversationsyouhavewithyourfriendsintheschoolplaygroundorlunchqueue?Socialnetworkingsiteshavebecomevirtualextensionsoftheschoolhallways,sowouldyouaddyourparentsas“friends”andallowthemtoviewyouronlineactivitiesandconversationswithfriends?Inthepastthegenerationgapincludedatechnologygap,wherechildrenwereuptodatewiththelatesttechnologyandparentswereleftbehind,contenttocontinuetheirday-to-daylivesastheyalwayshadbecausetheyhadnoneedtobetech-savvy(精通技术的).However,moreandmoreparentsarebeginningtorealizejusthowimportantsocialnetworksareintheirlives.Thisrealizationhasgivenmanyparentsthemotivationtoeducatethemselvesaboutsocialnetworkingsites.Thesedaysmanypeopleareattractedtosocialnetworkingsitesbecausetheycanchoosewhotheyhavearoundthem;there’salsoacertainamountofcontroloverprivacythatwedon’tgetinreallife.Sometimeswefeelthatprivacyisviolatedwhenwemustaccepta“friend”requestfromaparentorfamilymember.It’sadifficultchoicewhetherornottoallowaparenttobecomeapartofouronlinelives.Ontheonehandwedon’twantto“reject”theirrequestbecausethatmighthurttheirfeelingsormakethemfeelyouhavesomethingtohide.Ontheotherhand,ifyoudoaccept,thenyoucouldhaveasenseofbeingwatchedandnolongerfeelfreetocommentorcommunicatethewayyoudidbefore.Arecentsurveysuggestedthatparentsshouldn’ttakeitpersonallyiftheirchildignorestheirrequest:“Whenateenignoresaparent’sfriendrequest,itdoesn’tnecessarilymeanthattheyarehidingsomething,butitcouldmeanthatthisisonepartoftheirlifewheretheywanttoenjoytheirindependence.”Perhapstalkingwithparentsandgivingexplanationswouldhelpsoftentheblowwhenyoudochoosenottoaddthemtoyourfriendslist.8.Whydomanyparentswanttolearnaboutsocialnetworkingsites?A.Becausetheyareboredwiththeirdailylife. B.Becausetheystarttorealizetheirsignificance.C.Becausetheyareeagertoexploretechnologies. D.Becausetheywanttoknowabouttheirchildren.9.Whatisthemainreasonwhyteensrejecttheirparents’friendrequest?A.Theirparentsshownorespectfortheirprivacy.B.Theyseparatetheirfriendsfromfamilymembers.C.Theyfearthattheirprivacycannotbeguaranteed.D.Teensareimpatientwithteachingtheirparentsabouttechnology.10.Whyisthesurveymentionedinparagraph5?A.Tocomfortparents. B.Towarnparents.C.Tochallengeparents. D.Tocriticizeparents.11.Whatismostlikelytobetalkedaboutnext?A.Howtobridgethegenerationgap. B.Howtomakefriendsonsocialnetworks.C.Howtoexplaintoparentsabouttherejection. D.Howtousethesocialnetworkingsiteswisely.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.C【语篇解读】主要探讨青少年是否应在社交网站上加父母为好友这一话题。随着社交网站日益重要，父母开始认识到其意义并想要了解，而青少年因担心隐私无法保障常拒绝父母的好友请求，文章还提到调查结果以安慰父母，最后暗示接下来可能讨论如何向父母解释拒绝加好友一事。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“However,moreandmoreparentsarebeginningtorealizejusthowimportantsocialnetworksareintheirlives.Thisrealizationhasgivenmanyparentsthemotivationtoeducatethemselvesaboutsocialnetworkingsites.(然而，越来越多的父母开始意识到社交网络在他们生活中有多么重要。这种认识促使许多父母有动力去了解社交网站)”可知，许多父母想要了解社交网站是因为他们开始意识到社交网站的重要性。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thesedaysmanypeopleareattractedtosocialnetworkingsitesbecausetheycanchoosewhotheyhavearoundthem;there’salsoacertainamountofcontroloverprivacythatwedon’tgetinreallife.Sometimeswefeelthatprivacyisviolatedwhenwemustaccepta‘friend’requestfromaparentorfamilymember.(如今，许多人被社交网站所吸引，因为他们可以选择身边的人；在隐私方面也有一定程度的掌控，这是我们在现实生活中无法得到的。有时，当我们必须接受来自父母或家庭成员的‘好友’请求时，我们会觉得隐私受到了侵犯)”可知，青少年拒绝父母的好友请求，主要原因是他们担心自己的隐私无法得到保障。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Arecentsurveysuggestedthatparentsshouldn’ttakeitpersonallyiftheirchildignorestheirrequest:“Whenateenignoresaparent’sfriendrequest,itdoesn’tnecessarilymeanthattheyarehidingsomething,butitcouldmeanthatthisisonepartoftheirlifewheretheywanttoenjoytheirindependence.”(最近的一项调查表明，如果孩子忽略了他们的请求，父母不应该往心里去：“当一个青少年忽略父母的好友请求时，这并不一定意味着他们在隐瞒什么，而可能意味着这是他们生活中想要享受独立的一部分。”)”可知，提到这个调查是为了安慰父母，让他们不要因为孩子拒绝好友请求而难过。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Perhapstalkingwithparentsandgivingexplanationswouldhelpsoftentheblowwhenyoudochoosenottoaddthemtoyourfriendslist.(当你选择不把父母加到你的好友列表时，也许和他们交谈并给出解释会有助于减轻打击)”可知，接下来最有可能讨论如何向父母解释拒绝加好友这件事。DPolitenessEffectsinDirectiveCompliance(指示配合度):EffectswithPowerandSocialDistanceexamineshowpolitenessinfluenceswhetherindividualscomplywith(配合)requests,andhowthiseffectchangesdependingonthepowerstatusandsocialdistancebetweenthepeopleinvolved.Theresearcherssoughttounderstandthreemainquestions:First,doespolitenessincreasethelikelihoodthatsomeonewillcomplywitharequest?Second,howdoesthepowerstatusoftherequesteraffectcompliance?Third,howdoesthesocialclosenessordistancebetweentherequesterandtherecipientinfluencetheeffectivenessofpoliteness?Toexplorethesequestions,theresearchersconductedaseriesofexperimentswhereparticipantsweregivenrequeststhatvariedinpolitenessandcamefrompeoplewithdifferentlevelsofpoweranddifferentsocialrelationships.Forexample,somerequestscamefromauthorityfiguressuchasbosses,whileotherscamefromcolleaguesorstrangers.Thesocialdistancebetweentherequesterandrecipientalsovariedfromcloserelationshipstounfamiliarinteractions.First,participantsweremorelikelytoagreetorequestsmadepolitelycomparedtodirectorimpolitedemands.Politenessappearedtoeasesocialtensionandmadeparticipantsmorewillingtocooperate.Second,requestsmadebyindividualswithhigherauthorityweremorelikelytobefollowed.Whenapowerfulpersonusedpolitelanguage,compliancerateswereespeciallyhigh.However,whenapersonwithlowerpowermadepoliterequests,complianceimprovedbutnottothesamedegree.Third,amongclosefriendsoracquaintances,politenesshadlessimpactoncompliancebecausetherelationshipitselfalreadyencouragedcooperation.However,ininteractionsinvolvingstrangersordistantsocialconnections,politenessbecameasignificantfactorforgainingcompliance.Ithelpedtobridgethesocialgapandformpositiveresponses.Inconclusion,thestudydemonstratesthatpolitenessisakeyfactorinsecuringcompliancebutitseffectdependsonthecontext.Powerstatusandsocialrelationshipsguidehowpolitenessisperceived(感知)andhoweffectiveitis.Understandingthesefactorscanimprovecommunicationandcooperationinvarioussocialandprofessionalsettings.Thisresearchhighlightstheimportanceofpolitecommunication,especiallywhendealingwithstrangersorinrankedsituations,andprovidesinsightintohowpeoplemanagesocialinteractionstomaintainharmonyandrespect.12.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph1?A.Todescribeprinciplesoftheexperiment.B.Tobringupthestudy’smainresearchcontent.C.Toexplainthemeaningofpolitenessinrequests.D.Todiscusstheeffectsofpolitenessandsocialdistance.13.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“therecipient”inparagraph2?A.Thepersonwhomakesarequest. B.Thepersonwhorejectsarequest.C.Thepersonwhoworkswiththerequester. D.Thepersonwhomtherequestisdirectedto.14.Inwhichofthefollowingsituationsistherequestermostlikelytogeta“yes”?A.AmalecolleaguetellsCinderellatofetchacoffeeforhimatthecafé.B.AstrangerwithnoauthorityasksSamanthaforherphotoinapoliteway.C.AnewfrienddirectlydemandsJanetopickhimupattheairportatmidnight.D.ThemanagerrequestsJohnsontosendinthelatestreportwhenitisconvenient.15.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconclusionoftheresearch?A.Powerstatusandsocialclosenessdecidethesuccessofrequests.B.Politenessistheonlyfactorintheeffectofpeople’sreplytorequests.C.Directivecompliancedependsonpoliteness,power,andsocialdistance.D.Politenessoverpowerssocialdistanceorpowerwhentryingtogaincompliance.【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.C【语篇解读】主要介绍一项关于礼貌、权力地位和社交距离对人们接受他人请求配合度影响的相关研究与实验结论。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“PolitenessEffectsinDirectiveCompliance(指示配合度):EffectswithPowerandSocialDistanceexamineshowpolitenessinfluenceswhetherindividualscomplywith(配合)requests,andhowthiseffectchangesdependingonthepowerstatusandsocialdistancebetweenthepeopleinvolved.(礼貌在指示配合度中的影响：权力与社交距离效应，研究礼貌如何影响人们是否配合请求，以及该影响如何随当事人权力地位和社交距离产生变化。)”可知，第一段旨在引出这项研究的主要研究内容。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Third,howdoesthesocialclosenessordistancebetweentherequesterandtherecipientinfluencetheeffectivenessofpoliteness?(第三，提出请求者与recipient之间的社交亲疏距离如何影响礼貌的作用效果。)”可知，句中“requester”指的是“提出请求的人”，结合“betweentherequesterandtherecipient”的并列关系，可推断“recipient”指的是“请求所指向的接收方”，即被请求的人，因此D选项符合词义。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“First,participantsweremorelikelytoagreetorequestsmadepolitelycomparedtodirectorimpolitedemands.(首先，相比直白无礼的要求，人们更愿意答应礼貌提出的请求。)”以及“Second,requestsmadebyindividualswithhigherauthorityweremorelikelytobefollowed.(其次，地位更高的人提出的请求更容易被遵从。)”可知，身居管理职位且礼貌委婉提出请求，最容易得到对方应允，D项符合该条件。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Inconclusion,thestudydemonstratesthatpolitenessisakeyfactorinsecuringcompliancebutitseffectdependsonthecontext.Powerstatusandsocialrelationshipsguidehowpolitenessisperceived(感知)andhoweffectiveitis.(总之，研究表明礼貌是确保请求得到配合的关键因素，但其效果取决于环境背景，权力地位和社交关系主导着人们对礼貌的感知及其实际效用。)”可知，请求配合度取决于礼貌、权力地位以及社交距离三大因素。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。Therehavealwaysbeenalotofcommonlybelievedbutfalseideasaboutbeingfatanddoingexercise.____16____,whileothersholdthatiftheystopexercising,theirmuscleswillturnintofat.Herearesomemoremyths(谬见):I’llneverloseweight—IcomefromafatfamilyWrong!Whilewecan’tchangethebodytypewearebornwith,wecan’tblameourgenesformakingusfat.There’splentyofevidencethatfatnessrunsinfamilies.____17____.____18____.Wrong!Fatnessisnotcausedbyaslowmetabolism(新陈代谢).Infact,althoughfatpeopleconsumemoreenergythanslimpeople,theyalsofailtorealizehowmuchtheyeat!Keepingadiarycanhelpyouworkoutyourdailyfoodintakemoreaccurately(精确).ExerciseisboringWrong!____19____.Thekeyistodevelopabalancedandvariedprogramthat’sfunaswellasprogressive.IfyouenjoyaSundaywalk,takeadifferentroute.Ifyoudoyoga,tryataichiclass.Ifyoulikeswimming,setyourselfadistanceortimechallenge.Nopain,nogainWrong!Exerciseisnotmeanttohurt.Indeed,painmeansyourbodyistellingyousomething’swrong,andcontinuingtoexercisecouldleadtoseriousinjury.Youmayexperiencemilddiscomfortasyoubegintoexerciseregularly,butthisisyourbodyadaptingtothepositivechangesinyourlifestyleandtheachesshoulddisappearrelativelyquickly.____20____.A.IamfatbecauseIhardlyexerciseB.IamfatbecauseIburncaloriesslowlyC.Iftheydon’t,restandseekmedicaladviceD.AndtheonlyreasonisthattheirparentsarefatE.AnythingwillbecomeboringifyoudoitrepeatedlyF.However,themainreasonisthattheysharesimilarunhealthylifestylesG.Somepeoplebelievethattheycan’thelpputtingonweightastheygetolder【答案】16.G17.F18.B19.E20.C【语篇解读】本文驳斥了有关肥胖与运动的多种常见错误观点，逐一进行纠正，并给出科学合理的健身生活建议。【16题详析】由上文“Therehavealwaysbeenalotofcommonlybelievedbutfalseideasaboutbeingfatanddoingexercise.(关于肥胖和运动，一直有许多广为流传却错误的观点。)”以及下文“whileothersholdthatiftheystopexercising,theirmuscleswillturnintofat.(而另一些人则认为一旦停止锻炼，肌肉就会变成脂肪。)”可知，前后为some…others…并列结构，此处需列举一种错误观念，G项“Somepeoplebelievethattheycan’thelpputtingonweightastheygetolder.(有些人认为自己随着年龄增长难免会发胖。)”符合此处语境，并列列举错误观点。【17题详析】由上文“There’splentyofevidencethatfatnessrunsinfamilies.(有大量证据表明肥胖会在家族中遗传。)”以及作者认为这是错误观点可知，空格处转折说明家族肥胖并非只因基因，而是生活方式相近，F项“However,themainreasonisthattheysharesimilarunhealthylifestyles.(然而主要原因是他们有着相似的不健康生活方式。)”符合此处语境，转折纠正基因决定肥胖的误区。【18题详析】由下文“Wrong!Fatnessisnotcausedbyaslowmetabolism(新陈代谢).(错误！肥胖并不是由新陈代谢缓慢造成的。)”可知，本段误区围绕新陈代谢慢导致肥胖，B项“IamfatbecauseIburncaloriesslowly.(我胖是因为我消耗热量的速度很慢。)”符合此处语境，作为本段谬误总起句。【19题详析】由上文“ExerciseisboringWrong!(运动很无聊错误！)”以及下文建议多样运动可知，任何事情都可能变得无聊，E项“Anythingwillbecomeboringifyoudoitrepeatedly.(任何事反复做都会变得无聊。)”符合此处语境，承接上下文。【20题详析】由上文“Youmayexperiencemilddiscomfortasyoubegintoexerciseregularly,butthisisyourbodyadaptingtothepositivechangesinyourlifestyleandtheachesshoulddisappearrelativelyquickly.(开始规律运动时你可能会感到轻微不适，但这是身体在适应生活方式的积极改变，酸痛很快就会消失。)”可知，空格处承接说明若不适持续该如何做，C项“Iftheydon’t,restandseekmedicaladvice.(如果酸痛没有消失，就休息并寻求医疗建议。)”符合此处语境，衔接上文给出健康运动的收尾建议。第二部分语言知识运用完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastweek,Iwasstuckonacrosstownbusduringrushhour.Thebuswasfilledwithcold,tiredpeople____21____withoneanother.Twomenbarkedateachotherforanunintentional(非故意的)push.Anelderlywomangoton,andnobody____22____heraseat.Angerwasintheair;nokindnesscouldbefoundhere.Asthebus____23____SeventhAvenue,thedriver’swordscamefromthe____24____“Folks,”hesaid.“Iknowyou’vehada(n)____25____dayandthatyouaredepressed,butIwillhelpout.Wheneachofyouwalksbybeforegettingoff,____26____yourtroublesintomyhand.My____27____goesrightbytheHudsonRiver,intowhichI’llthrowthem.”Hearingthis,everyone____28____laughing—isthisguy____29____?However,atthenextstop,justas_____30_____,thedriverheldouthishand,palmup,andwaited.Andthe_____31_____passengers,withanairof_____32_____andcuriosity,performedthegestureofputtingsomethingintohispalmasinstructed.Thedriver_____33_____thesameactionateverystopthatfollowed.Magically,thesesmallgesturesseemedtohaveliftedeveryone’sspiritssomehowandmostpassengersleftinpleasure.Occasionallywemaysinkintoagreyworld,butsomeonecan_____34_____itlikearayoflight,showingushope.Whatifwearethelight?Actually,anyoneownsthe_____35_____toshineonothers’darkdays.21.A.confused B.impressed C.annoyed D.embarrassed22.A.lent B.offered C.lifted D.chose23.A.approached B.closed C.came D.went24.A.bus B.head C.loudspeaker D.air25.A.easy B.average C.important D.rough26.A.drop B.touch C.push D.take27.A.mind B.day C.time D.route28.A.gaveout B.burstout C.passedon D.wenton29.A.hard B.naive C.serious D.jealous30.A.promised B.needed C.reported D.told31.A.standing B.leaving C.sitting D.looking32.A.fear B.sadness C.uncertainty D.annoyance33.A.interpreted B.designed C.pretended D.repeated34.A.brighten B.break C.reward D.exchange35.A.courage B.idea C.power D.heart【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文讲述高峰时段公交车上氛围冷漠，司机用暖心幽默的方式让乘客“丢掉”烦恼，化解负面情绪，作者由此感悟人人都有能力照亮他人的灰暗时光。【21题详析】考查形容词。句意：公交车上挤满了冷漠、疲惫且彼此心生厌烦的人。A.confused困惑的；B.impressed印象深刻的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“Twomenbarkedateachotherforanunintentionalpush”可知，车厢氛围紧张，人们因小事争执，彼此都心生厌烦。【22题详析】考查动词。句意：一位老太太上车，却没有人给她让座。A.lent借出；B.offered主动提供；C.lifted举起；D.chose选择。根据上文“Thebuswasfilledwithcold,tiredpeoplewithoneanother”和“Anelderlywomangoton”可知，冷漠的乘客没有人为老太太主动让座，固定表达offersb.aseat表示“给某人让座”。【23题详析】考查动词。句意：当公交车驶近第七大道时，司机的声音从广播里传来。A.approached靠近；B.closed关闭；C.came来到；D.went行进。根据语境和后文“SeventhAvenue,thedriver’swordscame”可知，司机开始播报话语时，公交车正临近第七大道，用approach表示“靠近、临近”。【24题详析】考查名词。句意：当公交车驶近第七大道时，司机的声音从广播里传来。A.bus公交车；B.head头部；C.loudspeaker扬声器；D.air空气。根据上文“thedriver’swordscamefrom”以及公交车场景常识，司机对全体乘客讲话，声音通常来自车载扬声器。【25题详析】考查形容词。句意：我知道大家今天过得很不顺，心情低落，但我会帮大家排解。A.easy轻松的；B.average普通的；C.important重要的；D.rough艰难的。根据下文司机说的“youaredepressed”以及上文车厢里人们冷漠、争执的氛围可知，司机知道乘客们当天过得不顺心、很艰难。【26题详析】考查动词。句意：各位下车路过我身边时，把你们的烦恼都丢到我的手心里。A.drop丢下；B.touch触碰；C.push推；D.take带走。根据下文“thedriverheldouthishand,palmup”以及“puttingsomethingintohispalmasinstructed”可知，司机让乘客把烦恼“丢”到自己掌心，是一种暖心的比喻。【27题详析】考查名词。句意：我的行车路线刚好经过哈德逊河，我会把这些烦恼都扔进河里。A.mind思想；B.day日子；C.time时间；D.route路线。根据下文“goesrightbytheHudsonRiver,intowhichI’llthrowthem”并结合公交车司机的身份可知，此处指公交行驶路线途经哈德逊河。【28题详析】考查动词短语。句意：听到这话，所有人都突然大笑起来——这人是认真的吗？A.gaveout分发；B.burstout突然爆发；C.passedon传递；D.wenton继续。根据上文“Hearingthis”结合司机幽默的话语，人们的反应是突然大笑，固定搭配burstoutlaughing表示“突然大笑起来”。【29题详析】考查形容词。句意：听到这话，所有人都突然大笑起来——这人是认真的吗？A.hard艰难的；B.naive天真的；C.serious认真的；D.jealous嫉妒的。根据上文“everyoneburstout”可知，人们觉得司机的话很离奇，怀疑他是不是当真的。【30题详析】考查动词。句意：然而到了下一站，正如承诺的那样，司机伸出手掌静静等待。A.promised承诺；B.needed需要；C.reported报道；D.told告知。根据上文司机对乘客说的“Wheneachofyouwalksbybeforegettingoff,yourtroublesintomyhand”和下文“thedriverheldouthishand,palmup,andwaited.”可知，司机兑现了自己之前说过的承诺。【31题详析】考查形容词。句意：准备离开的乘客带着几分不确定与好奇，按照示意做出往他掌心放东西的动作。A.standing站立的；B.leaving离开的；C.sitting坐着的；D.looking观望的。根据上文“wheneachofyouwalksbybeforegettingoff”可知，此处指准备下车离开、路过司机身边的乘客。【32题详析】考查名词。句意：准备离开的乘客带着几分不确定与好奇，按照示意做出往他掌心放东西的动作。A.fear恐惧；B.sadness悲伤；C.uncertainty不确定；D.annoyance恼怒。根据上文人们怀疑司机是不是认真的，结合下文“curiosity”可知，乘客们既好奇又不确定，但仍然配合司机。【33题详析】考查动词。句意：在接下来的每一站，司机都重复着同样的举动。A.interpreted解读；B.designed设计；C.pretended假装；D.repeated重复。根据下文“thesameactionateverystopthatfollowed”可知，司机在每一站都做着和上一站一样的动作，即重复该举动。【34题详析】考查动词。句意：我们偶尔会陷入灰暗的境遇，但总有人能像一缕光一样照亮这片灰暗，带给我们希望。A.brighten照亮；B.break打破；C.reward回报；D.exchange交换。根据下文“likearayoflight,showingushope”可知，光线能照亮灰暗的境遇。【35题详析】考查名词。句意：事实上，每个人都拥有照亮他人灰暗日子的力量。A.courage勇气；B.idea想法；C.power力量；D.heart心意。根据上文司机用简单的举动温暖了一车人、化解了负面情绪，结合下文“toshineonothers’darkdays”可知，每个人都有能力、有力量去照亮他人的灰暗时光。第II卷第一节单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。36.Andthere,almost________inthebigchair,satherlittlebrother,________neverhadtobetoldtokeepquiet.A.havinglost;that B.losing;whomC.tobelost;which D.lost;who【答案】D【解析】句意：就在那儿，她的小弟弟几乎陷在大椅子里坐着，他从不需要被叮嘱保持安静。该句为全部倒装句，主语为herlittlebrother，第一空为非谓语动词作状语，lose与逻辑主语herlittlebrother之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式作状语；第二空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指herlittlebrother，指人，从句中缺少主语，所以此处用关系代词who引导。37.Shehastwotwinbrothers,________haveabackgroundinprofessionalbasketballtraining.A.bothofthem B.bothofwho C.bothofwhich D.bothofwhom【答案】D【解析】句意：她有两个双胞胎兄弟，他们两人都有职业篮球训练的背景。分析句子结构可知，“Shehastwotwinbrothers”是主句，“________haveabackgroundinprofessionalbasketballtraining”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词twotwinbrothers，指人，且关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以应用“bothofwhom”引导该定语从句。38.Ifyou________fullattentioninclassthen,you________thischallengingproblemwithoutdifficultynow.A.hadpaid;wouldsolve B.paid;wouldhavesolvedC.hadpaid;wouldhavesolved D.paid;wouldsolve【答案】A【解析】句意：如果你当时在课堂上全神贯注，现在你就能毫无困难地解决这个有挑战性的问题了。由then（当时）和now（现在）可知，本句为混合虚拟语气，从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had+过去分词；主句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用would+动词原形。39.________againandagaininclass,thetheorystillremains________bymoststudents.A.Explaining;misunderstood B.Havingbeenexplained;misunderstoodC.Beingexplained;misunderstanding D.Havingexplained;misunderstood【答案】B【解析】句意：尽管这个理论在课堂上被反复讲解，但大多数学生仍然没有理解它。“________againandagaininclass”在句中作状语，句子主语thetheory与动词explain之间为被动关系，且explain这一动作发生在主句谓语动词remains之前，且强调对现在造成的影响，即“大多数学生仍然没有理解它”，所以第一处应用现在分词的完成被动式Havingbeenexplained。第二处，remain为系动词，后面接形容词作表语，misunderstood为过去分词转化而来的形容词，意为“被误解的，不为人理解的”，符合题意。40.Thisistheonlymuseuminthecity________youcanenjoytheancientpaintings________fromtheTangDynasty.A.where;dating B.that;dated C.which;dating D.where;todate【答案】A【解析】句意：这是这座城市里唯一一座你能欣赏到可追溯至唐朝的古画的博物馆。第一空，先行词museum在定语从句youcanenjoytheancientpaintings中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句；第二空，datefrom表示“追溯到”，没有被动形式，所以用现在分词作定语。41.________withaseriesofunexpecteddifficulties,wehadnochoicebut________thetaskuntilthenextday.A.Facing;puttingoff B.Faced;toputoffC.Toface;putoff