河北百师联盟2026届高三下学期一模英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北百师联盟2026届高三下学期一模英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AViennaCityMarathon—2026RegistrationTheViennaCityMarathonisanannualeventheldinVienna,Austriasince1984.Startingwithfewerthan800participantsin1984,itisnowAustria’slargestroadrunningeventwithover30,000participantstakingpartinthetwo-dayraces.Theeventisspreadover2daysandincludesMarathon,HalfMarathon,MarathonTeamRelay,etc.EventsMarathonHalfMarathonMarathonTeamRelayDistance42.2km21.1km42.2kmFees€135€105€220DetailsVenue:ViennaSportsWorld,MarxHalle,Karl-Farkas-Gasse19,1030ViennaDate:Apr.17&Apr.18;Timings:9am-7pm.ParentalapprovalisrequiredforparticipationinMarathon(ifapplicantisaged16&17years)andHalfMarathon(ifapplicantisaged14&15years).ImportantPoints·Changeofdistance:Runnerscanchangefrommarathontohalfmarathondistanceduringtheracewithoutpriornotice.Atthefinishlinetheywillreceiveahalfmarathonmedalandwillbelistedinthehalfmarathonresults.However,thereisnorefund(退款)oftheentryfeedifference.Onthecontrary,itisnotpossibletoswitchfromthehalfmarathontothemarathon.·Dualeventparticipation:Participantscanrunboththehalfmarathon/marathonalongwithrelaymarathonaslongastheyhaveregisteredforbotheventsandarewearingbothbibs(号码布).·Aidstations:Therewouldbestaffedrefreshmentpoints/aidstationswithwaterandsportsdrinkevery5km,from15kmonwards.Bananaswouldalsobeavailable.ContactInformationWebsite:www.vienna-marathon.comEmail:office@1.What’srequiredofa17-year-oldrunnerparticipatingintheMarathon?A.Payingadditionalfees. B.Gettingparents’permission.C.Submittingthereportcard. D.Fillinginanextraregistrationform.2.Howmuchwillateenagerpayatleastfortheevent?A.€135. B.€67.5. C.€220. D.€105.3.Whatcanaparticipantdoduringtherace?A.Weartwobibsatthesametime.B.Receivearefundforregistration.C.Changefromhalfmarathontomarathon.D.Getwaterfromastationat10kmpoint.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了维也纳城市马拉松2026年的报名事宜。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据表格下方内容“ParentalapprovalisrequiredforparticipationinMarathon(ifapplicantisaged16&17years)andHalfMarathon(ifapplicantisaged14&15years).(参加马拉松比赛（若参赛者年龄在16岁至17岁之间）以及半程马拉松比赛（若参赛者年龄在14岁至15岁之间），均需获得家长的同意)”可知，17岁的参赛者参加马拉松需要获得父母同意，故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据表格内容可知，全马€135，半马€105，接力€220，规则允许符合年龄要求的青少年参加半马，因此青少年参赛的最低费用为€105，故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据ImportantPoints部分中“Participantscanrunboththehalfmarathon/marathonalongwithrelaymarathonaslongastheyhaveregisteredforbotheventsandarewearingbothbibs(号码布).(只要参赛者已报名参加两项赛事并且佩戴了两块号码布，他们就可以同时参加半程马拉松/全程马拉松以及接力马拉松比赛)”可知，同时报名两个项目的参赛者可以同时佩戴两块号码布参赛，故选A。BWhenAnneandDudleyO’Sullivandecidedtofinallydownsize(精减)attheageof89,theyweresurprisedthatthehardestpartwassayinggoodbyetotheirbelovedbookcollection.“Wehadthousandsofbookswehadcollectedovertheyears.Gettingridofsomewashard.Choosingwhattotakewasthebiggestdecision,”saysAnne.Withanageingpopulation,the“downsizingdilemma”isoneconfrontingthousandsofolderAustraliansatthemoment—adifficultdecisionthatinvolvessayinggoodbyetoafamilyhomethatcontainsmemoriesineveryroom.FortheSydneycoupletheyweren’tforcedtomove—therewasnourgenthealthcrisisoremergency.Butinsteadofwaitingforone,theymadethechoicetodownsizeintoindependentlivingbeforecircumstancestookthedecisionawayfromthem.“Weknewwedidn’tneedthelargespacewehadinouroldhouse.Wejustdecideditwastimetomove.Thehousewewereinmetallourneedsatthetime,butwearenothavingbigpartiesoranythinganymoresothat’smainlywhywewereready,”saysDudley.ForAnneandDudley,thedecisiontomoveinto“TheGrovebyElysium”,anewbenchmark(标杆)forseniorlivingwhichpresentsalifestylethatpromotesindependenceandactivelivinginasafeandsecureenvironment,wasaneasyone.Theycouldseetheirnewapartmentfromthebackbalconyoftheirexistinghouse.Evenwhenthedecisionisclear,theprocessoflettinggoisrarelysimple.TheirhomewasfilledwithitemsthatheldsentimentalvaluefromDudley’smother’s1927diningtabletofurniturepasseddownfromfamily.“Someofitwepasseddowntoourgrandchildren.Oneofourgranddaughtershastheolddiningtablenow,”saysAnne.SincemovingintoElysium,lifehasbecomeeasierandmoreenjoyableforthem.“Livinginasmallerspace,itissoeasytokeepclean.Wedon’thavetodoanymaintenance(维护).Ifanythinggoeswrong,wejustcallsomebodytocomeandfixit,”Annesays.4.Whatusuallytroublespeopleina“downsizingdilemma”?A.Gettingridoflimitations. B.Livingawayfromrelatives.C.Partingwiththeolditems. D.Adaptingtoanewenvironment.5.WhydidAnneandDudleydecidetomove?A.Topursuelargerlivingspace. B.Toescapeaseverehealthcrisis.C.Tomakeiteasiertoholdparties. D.Toliveanindependentlaterlife.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sentimental”meaninparagraph4?A.Practical. B.Emotional. C.Economical. D.Recreational.7.What’sAnne’stonelikeinthelastparagraph?A.Concerned. B.Curious. C.Satisfied. D.Ambitious.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了89岁的悉尼夫妇Anne和DudleyO’Sullivan决定从大家庭住宅搬到老年独立生活社区“TheGrovebyElysium”的故事，展现了他们在精简生活过程中面临的情感挑战以及搬迁后获得的便利与满足。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Withanageingpopulation,the“downsizingdilemma”isoneconfrontingthousandsofolderAustraliansatthemoment—adifficultdecisionthatinvolvessayinggoodbyetoafamilyhomethatcontainsmemoriesineveryroom.(随着人口老龄化，“精简困境”的难题正困扰着成千上万的澳大利亚老年人——这是一个需要做出艰难抉择的问题，因为这意味着要告别那座承载着每个房间回忆的家)”可知，“精简困境”通常困扰人们的是与旧物品说再见。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“FortheSydneycoupletheyweren’tforcedtomove—therewasnourgenthealthcrisisoremergency.Butinsteadofwaitingforone,theymadethechoicetodownsizeintoindependentlivingbeforecircumstancestookthedecisionawayfromthem.(对于这对悉尼夫妇来说，他们并非被迫搬家——也没有出现紧急的健康问题或紧急情况。但他们并没有等待这些情况出现，而是主动选择了缩小居住面积，实现独立生活，以免日后情况发生变化而被迫做出改变)”以及第四段中的“ForAnneandDudley,thedecisiontomoveinto“TheGrovebyElysium”,anewbenchmark(标杆)forseniorlivingwhichpresentsalifestylethatpromotesindependenceandactivelivinginasafeandsecureenvironment,wasaneasyone.(对于Anne和Dudley而言，选择入住“艾利西亚庄园”（“TheGrovebyElysium”）这一全新的高端养老社区是件轻而易举的事。该社区代表了一种倡导独立生活和积极生活的生活方式，且营造出一个安全、舒适的居住环境)”可知，Anne和Dudley决定搬家是为了过独立的晚年生活。故选D。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“fromDudley’smother’s1927diningtabletofurniturepasseddownfromfamily.(从Dudley母亲1927年的餐桌到家族传下来的家具)”可知，这些传承下来的物品承载着家族情感和回忆。由此可知，划线词sentimental与emotional“情感的”意思一致。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Livinginasmallerspace,itissoeasytokeepclean.Wedon’thavetodoanymaintenance(维护).Ifanythinggoeswrong,wejustcallsomebodytocomeandfixit,”Annesays.(“住在一个较小的空间里，保持整洁简直易如反掌。我们无需进行任何维护工作。要是有什么问题出现，我们只需叫人过来解决就行了，”Anne说道)”可推知，Anne的语气是满意的。故选C。CInspiredbybutterflywings,ateamofGermanresearchershavedevelopedanewkindofroboticwingsthatcanworkusingonlymagneticfields(磁场).ThenewwingscreatedbytheTechnicalUniversityofDarmstadtresearchersneednobatteriesorelectronics.Theresearchersdrewinspirationfromtheremarkableefficiencyandendurance(持久力)ofmonarchbutterflies,knowntohaveincrediblylongmigrationsbetweenCanadaandMexico.Everyautumn,millionsofMonarchbutterfliesstarta3,000-milejourneyfromtheirNorthAmericanbreedinggroundstothewarmerclimateofsouthwesternMexicoforthewinter.Thesenewroboticwingsachieveenergy-efficientflightbycombiningmovementwithpassivebending,whichwasrarelycopiedoutsidethenaturalworld.Theteam,ledbyProfessorOliverGutfleischandDr.DenysMakarov,usedacombinationofflexibleplasticfixedwithtinymagneticparticles(颗粒)tobuildthewings.Theteamfoundthatthemagneticparticles,whenexposedtoexternalmagneticfields,causedthewingstobendinamannersimilartothatofbutterflies.Achievingthedesireddesignprovedchallenging;however,aftertestingfewerthan12differentdesigns,theteamcoulddevelopwingsstrikinglysimilartothosethatevolvedinbutterflies.Lookingahead,thesenewwingscouldhaveawiderangeofapplications.Onecouldbeenvironmentalresearchinwhichwingedrobotsmonitorpollinatorpopulationsormeasureairquality.Theycouldalsobehelpfulindisasters,withtheirsmall,energy-efficientdesignenablingrobotstonavigatedangerousareasforsearchandrescueoperations.Theteamalsopointedoutthatthenewdesigncouldalsobereadilyadaptedformedicalsciences.Theprincipleofusingmagneticparticlesinthiswaycouldalsoopendoorsfordevelopingnewkindsofartificialmusclesorotherinnovativematerialsthatcanchangeshapeondemand.Whiletheroboticwingscurrentlyrelyonexternalmagneticfieldstochangeshape,theteamisoptimisticaboutintegratingman-mademagneticfieldgeneratorsintofutureupgradesofthetechnology.“Weplantoexplorewhatchangestomagneticfieldscanenablemorecomplexmovementsandcontrol,”explainedMuhammadBilalKhan,anotherleadauthor.8.What’sthedrivingpoweroftheroboticwings?A.Theairpressure. B.Themagneticfield.C.Therechargeablebattery. D.Theelectronicmotor.9.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.Thepotentialoftheroboticwings. B.Challengesfacingtheresearchteam.C.Theworkingprincipleoftherobots. D.Uncertaintiesindevelopingroboticwings.10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimplyabouttheroboticwings?A.Theyshouldstilldependonoutsidemagneticfields.B.Theiruseisstrictlylimitedtoenvironmentalmonitoring.C.Theyareexpectedtooperateincontrolledmagneticfields.D.Theirnewversionswillfunctionaswellashumanmuscles.11.Whichisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheMonarchButterfly’s3,000-MileJourneyB.RoboticsTakingWingsThankstoButterfliesC.ButterfliesRelyonMagneticFieldsforFlightD.ButterflyWingsHoldCluestoNaturalAdaptation【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了受蝴蝶翅膀启发，德国研究人员开发出仅靠磁场就能工作的新型机器人翅膀，阐述了其工作原理、应用潜力以及未来发展方向。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Inspiredbybutterflywings,ateamofGermanresearchershavedevelopedanewkindofroboticwingsthatcanworkusingonlymagneticfields(磁场).(受蝴蝶翅膀的启发，一组德国研究人员开发了一种新型的机器人翅膀，只需使用磁场即可工作)”可知，机器人翅膀的动力是磁场。故选B。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第五段“Lookingahead,thesenewwingscouldhaveawiderangeofapplications.Onecouldbeenvironmentalresearchinwhichwingedrobotsmonitorpollinatorpopulationsormeasureairquality.Theycouldalsobehelpfulindisasters,withtheirsmall,energy-efficientdesignenablingrobotstonavigatedangerousareasforsearchandrescueoperations.Theteamalsopointedoutthatthenewdesigncouldalsobereadilyadaptedformedicalsciences.(展望未来，这些新翅膀可能有广泛的应用。其中之一可能是环境研究，有翼机器人可以监测传粉昆虫的数量或测量空气质量。它们在灾难中也可能很有帮助，其小巧、节能的设计使机器人能够在危险区域进行搜索和救援行动。该团队还指出，新设计也可以很容易地应用于医学领域)”可知，第五段主要介绍了机器人翅膀的潜力。故选A。【10题详析】根据最后一段“Whiletheroboticwingscurrentlyrelyonexternalmagneticfieldstochangeshape,theteamisoptimisticaboutintegratingman-mademagneticfieldgeneratorsintofutureupgradesofthetechnology.“Weplantoexplorewhatchangestomagneticfieldscanenablemorecomplexmovementsandcontrol,”explainedMuhammadBilalKhan,anotherleadauthor.(尽管目前这种机器翅膀依靠外部磁场改变形状，研究团队对将人造磁场发生器整合进该技术的未来升级持乐观态度。另一位首席作者穆罕默德·比拉尔·汗解释道：“我们计划探索磁场的何种调整可以实现更复杂的运动和控制”)可推知，这种机器翅膀未来有望在可控磁场中运作。故选C项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Inspiredbybutterflywings,ateamofGermanresearchershavedevelopedanewkindofroboticwingsthatcanworkusingonlymagneticfields(磁场).(受蝴蝶翅膀的启发，一组德国研究人员开发了一种新型的机器人翅膀，只需使用磁场即可工作)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了受蝴蝶翅膀启发，德国研究人员开发出了一种仅靠磁场就能工作的新型机器人翅膀，所以“RoboticsTakingWingsThankstoButterflies(得益于蝴蝶，机器人展翅高飞)”适合作为文章标题。故选B。DWhatisart?Cavepaintingsareoftencalledthefirstartevermade.However,it’spossiblethepeoplewhocreatedthepaintingsthoughtofthemasmysteriousandpowerful,quitedifferentfromartaswethinkofittoday.In13th-and14th-centuryEurope,peopleusuallythoughtofartistslikeworkersorcraftspeoplebecausetheyusedtheirhandstomakethings.Itwasn’tuntilthe15thand16thcenturies,knownastheRenaissanceinEurope,thatartistsbegantoseethemselvesascreators,notjustcraftsmen.Abigchangehappenedin1436whenamannamedLeonBattistaAlbertiwroteafamousbookcalledOnPainting,whichclaimedthatartwasjustasimportantaspoetryandscience.Peoplestartedtothinkmoreaboutartistsasspecialindividuals.Artbegantobedividedintotwogroups.Thefirstwascalledthe“finearts”,whichincludedpainting,sculptureanddrawing.Thesewereseenasmoreimportantbecausetheyexpressedbigideasandemotions.Thesecondgroupwascalledthe“decorativearts”,likeglass-making,wood-carvingandbookdecorations.Thesewerethoughttobelessimportantbecausetheyweremoreaboutlookingniceorbeinguseful.Inthelate19thcentury,peoplestartedtolikethedecorativeartsmore,becauseartistswantedtofocusonhandmadethingsinsteadoffactory-madeitems.Butpaintingwasstillseenasanimportantkindofart.Then,in1914,aFrenchartistnamedMarcelDuchampchangedhowpeoplethoughtaboutart.Hestartedusingeverydayobjectsandturningthemintoartjustbychoosingthemandsigningthem.HismostfamousartwascalledFountain—itwasactuallyatypeoftoiletthathesignedwithafakename,“R.Mutt”,andtriedtoputinanartshowinNewYorkin1917.Duchampsaidthatpickinganordinaryobjectandcallingitartwasenoughtomakeitart,becausetheartistmadethechoice.Duchamphelpedchangeartbyshowingthatitisn’tjustaboutpaintingormakingstatues—it’salsoaboutideas.12.WhatwasthesignificanceofOnPainting?A.Itgavepaintinganewdirection. B.Itintroducedanewformofpoetry.C.Itenhancedthestatusofartists. D.ItmadeBattistaAlbertiwell-known.13.Whathappenedinthelate19thcentury?A.Thevalueoffineartsdeclined.B.Theenthusiasmforpaintingfaded.C.Factory-madeitemshadnomarket.D.Decorativeartsbecamefashionable.14.WhywasFountainconsideredanartpieceaccordingtoDuchamp?A.Itwasprettyanduseful. B.Itwasahandmadeobject.C.Ithadanartisticappearance. D.Itwaschosenbytheartist.15.Whatisthetextcenteredon?A.Thethinkingaboutart. B.Theclassificationofartworks.C.Theimpactofmasterpieces. D.Thesourceofartist’sinspiration.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是艺术观念的演变与发展，核心围绕人们对“艺术是什么”这一问题的思考和认知变化展开。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Peoplestartedtothinkmoreaboutartistsasspecialindividuals.(人们开始更多地将艺术家视为具有独特个性的个体。)”可知，《论绘画》这部作品提升了艺术家的地位。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Inthelate19thcentury,peoplestartedtolikethedecorativeartsmore,becauseartistswantedtofocusonhandmadethingsinsteadoffactory-madeitems.(在19世纪末期，人们开始更青睐装饰艺术，因为艺术家们希望将精力集中在手工制品上，而非工厂生产的物品上。)”可知，19世纪末装饰艺术变得流行起来。故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Duchampsaidthatpickinganordinaryobjectandcallingitartwasenoughtomakeitart,becausetheartistmadethechoice.(Duchamp说，选取一件普通物品并将其视为艺术品就已经足以使其成为艺术品，因为这是艺术家的选择。)”可知，根据Duchamp的观点，Fountain会被视为一件艺术品是因为它是由艺术家精心挑选的。故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“In13th-and14th-centuryEurope,peopleusuallythoughtofartistslikeworkersorcraftspeoplebecausetheyusedtheirhandstomakethings.Itwasn’tuntilthe15thand16thcenturies,knownastheRenaissanceinEurope,thatartistsbegantoseethemselvesascreators,notjustcraftsmen.(在13世纪和14世纪的欧洲，人们通常认为艺术家就像工人或工匠那样，因为他们是通过双手来制作物品的。直到15世纪和16世纪（即欧洲的文艺复兴时期），艺术家们才开始将自己视为创造者，而不仅仅是工匠。)”，第三段“Artbegantobedividedintotwogroups.(艺术开始被分为两个类别。)”和倒数第二段“Inthelate19thcentury,peoplestartedtolikethedecorativeartsmore,becauseartistswantedtofocusonhandmadethingsinsteadoffactory-madeitems.(在19世纪末期，人们开始更青睐装饰艺术，因为艺术家们希望将精力集中在手工制品上，而非工厂生产的物品上。)”可知，本文主要讲的是艺术观念的演变与发展，核心围绕人们对“艺术是什么”这一问题的思考和认知变化展开，因此这篇文章的中心内容是关于艺术的思考。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whydoweneedtodohomework?Ifyou’veeverstaredatyourhomeworkfeelingstuck,you’renotalone.____16____Whydoteacherskeepgivingyouworktodoathomewhenyou’vealreadyspenthourslearningatschool?Theavailableresearchsuggeststhathomeworkhelpsyoupractisewhatyou’velearned,rememberitbetterandbuildskillsliketimemanagementandindependence.However,researchshowsthathowyoufeelabouthomeworkdependsonafewthings.Ifyoufindyourhomeworkboring,itmightbebecausetheactivityyou’vebeengiventodoreallyisprettyboring.____17____Aworksheetthatdoesn’tconnecttoyourlessonsisnotsohelpful.Ataskthatchallengesyoutothink,create,orexploreconceptsandideasismuchbetter.Yourattitudetowardhomeworkisn’tjustaboutthetask.____18____Ifyouhaveparentsorguardianswhoencourageyou,helpyouplanyourtime,orshowinterestinyourwork,thiscanmakehomeworkfeelmorepositive.____19____Noteveryonehasaquietspacetowork,orsomeoneathomewhocanhelp.Thisiscalledthe“homeworkgap”anditcanmakeschoolfeelunfair.Someschoolsarerethinkinghomeworkaltogether.Theyarelookingathowtheycanmakehomeworkfairforeveryone.Homeworkisn’tgoingawayanytimesoon.____20____Whenit’swell-designed,supportedbyteachersandparents,andconnectedtolearning,itcanhelpyougrow—notjustasastudent,butasathinker.A.Notallhomeworkisequal.B.Yourvoicemattersaswell.C.Butitdoesn’thavetobeaburden.D.It’salsoaboutthepeoplearoundyou.E.Somechildrenalsofacebiggerchallenges.F.Theyarelookingtomakeitmorecreative.G.Manychildrensayitmakesthemfeelstressedorevenbored.【答案】16.G17.A18.D19.E20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了做作业的益处、影响作业感受的因素及作业差距，强调作业可助力成长。【16题详析】上文“Ifyou’veeverstaredatyourhomeworkfeelingstuck,you’renotalone.(如果你曾经盯着你的作业感觉卡住，你并不孤单)”提到如果你曾经盯着作业发呆，感觉被困住了，你并不孤单，G选项“Manychildrensayitmakesthemfeelstressedorevenbored.(许多孩子说这会让他们感到有压力甚至无聊)”进一步解释了孩子们面对作业时的感受，与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选G。【17题详析】上文“However,researchshowsthathowyoufeelabouthomeworkdependsonafewthings.Ifyoufindyourhomeworkboring,itmightbebecausetheactivityyou’vebeengiventodoreallyisprettyboring.(然而，研究表明，你对作业的感受取决于一些因素。如果你觉得你的作业很无聊，那可能是因为你被要求做的活动真的很无聊)”说明作业无聊的原因，A选项“Notallhomeworkisequal.(不是所有的作业都是一样的)”承接上文，说明作业有不同类型，引出下文“Aworksheetthatdoesn’tconnecttoyourlessonsisnotsohelpful.Ataskthatchallengesyoutothink,create,orexploreconceptsandideasismuchbetter.(一张与课程无关的工作表并没有太大帮助。一项挑战你思考、创造或探索概念和想法的任务要好得多)”对不同类型作业的举例说明，符合语境。故选A。【18题详析】上文“Yourattitudetowardhomeworkisn’tjustaboutthetask.(你对作业的态度不仅仅取决于作业本身)”说明对作业的态度还受其他因素影响，D选项“It’salsoaboutthepeoplearoundyou.(它也与你周围的人有关)”承接上文，说明还与周围的人有关，引出下文“Ifyouhaveparentsorguardianswhoencourageyou,helpyouplanyourtime,orshowinterestinyourwork,thiscanmakehomeworkfeelmorepositive.(如果你有父母或监护人鼓励你，帮助你规划时间，或者对你的作业表现出兴趣，这会让作业感觉更积极)”对周围的人如何影响对作业态度的举例说明，符合语境。故选D。【19题详析】下文“Noteveryonehasaquietspacetowork,orsomeoneathomewhocanhelp.Thisiscalledthe“homeworkgap”anditcanmakeschoolfeelunfair.Someschoolsarerethinkinghomeworkaltogether.Theyarelookingathowtheycanmakehomeworkfairforeveryone.(不是每个人都有一个安静的工作空间，或者家里有人可以帮忙。这被称为“作业差距”，它会让学校感觉不公平。一些学校正在重新考虑作业。他们正在研究如何让作业对每个人都公平)”说明一些孩子面临作业方面的挑战，E选项“Somechildrenalsofacebiggerchallenges.(一些孩子还面临更大的挑战)”承接上文，进一步说明一些孩子面临的挑战，符合语境。故选E。【20题详析】上文“Homeworkisn’tgoingawayanytimesoon.(作业不会很快消失)”说明作业会一直存在，C选项“Butitdoesn’thavetobeaburden.(但它不一定要成为负担)”转折说明作业不一定要成为负担，引出下文“Whenit’swell-designed,supportedbyteachersandparents,andconnectedtolearning,itcanhelpyougrow—notjustasastudent,butasathinker.(当它设计得很好，得到老师和家长的支持，并与学习相关时，它可以帮助你成长——不仅作为一名学生，而且作为一名思考者)”对作业不成为负担的情况进行说明，符合语境。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。WhileplayingattheZed&CoFree-rangeFarmsinVictoria,southeastAustralia,thefarmer’sdaughterandherfriendsheardastrangenoise.____21____,theylookedarounduntiltheyrealizedthatthenoisewascomingfromundertheirfeet.Soon,theylearnedthatitwasababylamb____22____inapipe.Somehow,ababylambhad____23____intoadrainingpipe(排水管)andgotstuck.Insteadof____24____,however,thelambpusheddeeperanddeeperintothepipeuntilitwasliterally____25____inthemiddleofthefield.____26____,thegirlswerearoundtohearthecriesofhelpfromthelittleanimal.Grabbingtheirparents,a____27____operationsoonbegan.Usingacircularsaw(圆锯),theadults____28____intotheblackplastictube.Sincethepipewassosmall,theyhadtobecarefulnotto____29____thelambduringtherescue.Tryingashardastheycould,theyfinallyopenedtheplastictubeenoughto_____30_____insidethedarkpipe.“Icanseeit...it’sstillalive...it’sblack,”thechildrensaidina_____31_____commentary(实况报道)duringtherescueoperation.Finally,thesheepwastakenoutbyoneofthechildrenwhohadastrong_____32_____tosavethelittlesheep.Withinmomentsyoucouldhearallthekidsaskingfortheir_____33_____toholdthelittlecreature.Atlastthelittleblacksheepwas_____34_____!Wetbutstillwarm.Operation“SaveLamb”wasdeclareda_____35_____.21.A.Shocked B.Annoyed C.Confused D.Delighted22.A.hidden B.trapped C.sheltered D.delivered23.A.wandered B.looked C.rushed D.knocked24.A.hurryingup B.givingup C.catchingup D.backingup25.A.lost B.buried C.settled D.banned26.A.Generally B.Initially C.Frankly D.Thankfully27.A.search B.military C.rescue D.training28.A.cut B.fitted C.launched D.jumped29.A.awake B.disturb C.restrict D.harm30.A.clean B.monitor C.see D.attack31.A.casual B.critical C.similar D.continuous32.A.feature B.desire C.influence D.position33.A.turn B.honor C.choice D.award34.A.lucky B.alive C.content D.free35.A.trick B.signal C.success D.miracle【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.D27.C28.A29.D30.C31.D32.B33.A34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了澳大利亚维多利亚州泽德&科自由放养农场的一群孩子发现一只小羊羔被困在排水管中，随后在大人的帮助下成功实施救援的故事。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们一脸困惑，四处张望，直到意识到那声音是从脚底下传来的。A.Shocked震惊的；B.Annoyed恼怒的；C.Confused困惑的；D.Delighted高兴的。根据上文“WhileplayingattheZed&CoFree-rangeFarmsinVictoria,southeastAustralia,thefarmer’sdaughterandherfriendsheardastrangenoise.”及下文“theylookedarounduntiltheyrealizedthatthenoisewascomingfromundertheirfeet”可知，孩子们听到了奇怪的声音，环顾四周。由此可知，她们一开始不知道声音来源，感到困惑。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，她们得知是一只小羊羔被困在管道里。A.hidden隐藏；B.trapped困住；C.sheltered庇护；D.delivered递送。根据下文“Somehow,ababylambhad____intoadrainingpipe(排水管)andgotstuck.”可知，小羊羔被困在管道中。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么回事，一只小羊羔走到排水管里，被困住了。A.wandered闲逛；B.looked看；C.rushed冲；D.knocked敲。根据下文“intoadrainingpipe(排水管)andgotstuck.”可知，小羊羔是闲逛时，走进排水管里的。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，小羊羔并没有后退，反而越钻越深，最后几乎整个身子都埋在了田地中间的管子里。A.hurryingup赶快；B.givingup放弃；C.catchingup赶上；D.backingup后退。根据下文“however,thelambpusheddeeperanddeeperintothepipe”可知，小羊没有后退。故选D。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.lost迷失的；B.buried埋葬的；C.settled定居的；D.banned被禁的。根据上文“however,thelambpusheddeeperanddeeperintothepipe”可知，小羊在管道里没有后退，反而越钻越深，排水管铺设在田野地下，因此小羊钻到田野中央的排水管里，相当于被埋在地下。故选B。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，女孩们当时就在附近，听到了那只小动物发出的求救声。A.Generally通常；B.Initially最初；C.Frankly坦率地；D.Thankfully幸运地。根据下文“thegirlswerearoundtohearthecriesofhelpfromthelittleanimal.”可知，女孩们在场听到了小羊的求救声，这是幸运的。故选D。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们叫来父母，一场救援行动很快就开始了。A.search搜索；B.military军事；C.rescue救援；D.training训练。根据下文“operation”及“Sincethepipewassosmall,theyhadtobecarefulnotto____thelambduringtherescue.”可知，这是一场救援行动。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：使用圆锯，大人们切开了黑色塑料管。A.cut切开；B.fitted安装；C.launched发射；D.jumped跳跃。根据上文“Usingacircularsaw(圆锯)”可知，大人们用圆锯切开管道。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于管道非常狭窄，他们在救援过程中必须格外小心，以免伤害到小羊。A.awake唤醒；B.disturb打扰；C.restrict限制；D.harm伤害。根据上文“Sincethepipewassosmall,theyhadtobecarefulnotto”可知，管道非常狭窄，他们格外小心，是为了不伤害到小羊。故选D。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们竭尽全力，终于把塑料管打开足够大，以便能看清那黑暗管道内的情况。A.clean清洁；B.monitor监控；C.see看见；D.attack攻击。根据下文““Icanseeit...it’sstillalive...it’sblack,”thechildrensaid”可知，他们打开管道是为了看见里面。故选C。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我能看见它……它还活着……它是黑色的，”孩子们在救援行动中进行连续的实况报道。A.casual随意的；B.critical批评的；C.similar相似的；D.continuous连续的。根据下文“commentary(实况报道)duringtherescueoperation.”可知，孩子们一直在连续地说话报道。故选D。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，羊被其中一个孩子有强烈愿望拯救小羊的孩子抱了出来。A.feature特征；B.desire愿望；C.influence影响；D.position位置。根据上文“strong”及下文“tosavethelittlesheep”可知，这个孩子有拯救小羊的强烈愿望。故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：片刻之间，你就能听到所有的孩子要求轮到他们抱这个小生物。A.turn轮流；B.honor荣誉；C.choice选择；D.award奖励。根据上文“Finally,thesheepwastakenoutbyoneofthechildrenwhohadastrong____tosavethelittlesheep.Withinmomentsyoucouldhearallthekidsaskingfortheir”可知，小羊被一个孩子抱出来后，其他的孩子们想轮流抱小羊。故选A。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后小黑羊自由了！A.lucky幸运的；B.alive活着的；C.content满足的；D.free自由的。根据上文“Finally,thesheepwastakenoutbyoneofthechildren”及下文“Wetbutstillwarm.”可知，小羊被救出来了，它自由了。故选D。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“拯救小羊”行动被宣布为成功。A.trick诡计；B.signal信号；C.success成功；D.miracle奇迹。根据上文“Finally,thesheepwastakenoutbyoneofthechildren”及下文“Wetbutstillwarm.”可知，小羊被救出来了，拯救行动是成功的。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ithasbeen10yearssinceXueying601,China’sfirstpolarfixed-wingplane,____36____(official)commenced(开始)serviceinChina’spolarexpedition.TheaircrafthasconductedeightAntarcticexpeditiontasks,operatedformorethan1,100daysandflownforover2,500hours,with____37____totalvoyagedistanceof800,000kilometers.InJanuary2016,itflewovertheKunlunStation,China’ssouthernmostresearchstationinAntarctica,atalowaltitude,____38____obtainedvaluableflightdataontakeoffandlandingunderhigh-altitudeplateauconditions.Oneyearlater,itsuccessfullytookoffandlandedatthestation,____39____(locate)atanaltitudeofmorethan4,000meters,settinganewrecord.“We____40____(acquire)scientificobservationdatacoveringmorethan200,000kmthroughXueying601forthepast10years,”saidCuiXiangbin,headoftheZhongshanStation.ThedatacollectionrangecoverskeyregionsinEastAntarctica,includingPrincessElizabethLand,____41____theGroveMountainsarelocated.Thankstothehigh-precisionscientificinstrumentsontheplane,aseriesof