江苏省扬州市树人集团2025-2026学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省扬州市树人集团2025-2026学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节！(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMakingCityPublicFacilitiesMoreEco-FriendlyTomeettheglobalgoalofcuttingcarbon(碳)pollutiontozero,citiesaroundtheworldareworkinghardtomakepublicfacilities(likebuses,streetlamps)uselessenergyandproducefeweremissions(排放).Thesefacilitiesareabigsourceofpollutionincities,andhere’showmuchpollutioneachmainpublicfacilitymadein2025:Type1:LandpublictransportType2:StreetlightingsystemType3:MarineandairlinepublictransportType4:Publicbuildingair-conditionersType5:UrbanwatersupplyTodealwiththepollutioncausedbythesefacilities,citieshavecomeupwithpracticalwaystomakethemmoreeco-friendly.TypesEco-solutionsAdvantagesPublictransportElectricBuses&HydrogenTaxisBusesreduce60%ofemissions;Taxiscandrivemuchfurther.StreetlightingsystemSolar-poweredLEDStreetLamps85%ofelectricityfromsolarenergy;LEDssave70%ofpower.Publicbuildingair-conditionersGround-sourceHeatPumpsReduce50%ofemissions;Suitableforlargebuildings.UrbanwatersupplyEnergy-recyclingWaterPumpsCaptureenergyfromwaterflow;Cut20%ofthesystem’semissions.“Theseeco-friendlychangesbringdoublebenefits—they’rekindtotheenvironmentandhelpsavethecity’soperatingcosts.By2030,ourcityaimstoapplythesegreensolutionsto60%ofpublicfacilities.Ifthisgoalisachieved,thepollutionfromthesefacilitieswilldropby45%from2025levels,”saysLinYue,acityplanner.1.Whatisthetotalpercentageofemissionsfromallpublicvehiclesin2025?A.63%. B.56%. C.38%. D.15%.2.Whicheco-solutionhelpsbothsavepowerandreduceemissions?A.ElectricBuses. B.Ground-sourceHeatPumps.C.Energy-recyclingWaterPumps. D.Solar-poweredLEDStreetLamps.3.WhatbenefitdothegreenchangesbringaboutaccordingtoLinYue?A.Reducingpollution. B.Controllingthenumberoffacilities.C.Cutting60%ofcosts. D.Speedingupfacilityconstruction.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是为达成全球碳污染归零的目标，世界各地的城市正努力让公共设施（如公交车、路灯等）降低能耗、减少排放，因为这些设施是城市污染的主要来源之一。【1题详析】细节理解题。Type1:Landpublictransport(类型1：陆地公共交通)和Type3:Marineandairlinepublictransport(类型3：海洋及航空公共交通)都是公共交通方式，根据饼状图里的Type1里的38%和Type3中的18%可知，2025年所有公共车辆的排放总量占比是38%+18%=56%，故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据表格最后一栏中的“Energy-recyclingWaterPumps(能量回收型水泵)”和“Captureenergyfromwaterflow;Cut20%ofthesystem’semissions.(从水流中获取能量；使系统排放量减少20%)”可知，能量回收水泵既能节省电力又能减少排放，故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Theseeco-friendlychangesbringdoublebenefits—they’rekindtotheenvironmentandhelpsavethecity’soperatingcosts.By2030,ourcityaimstoapplythesegreensolutionsto60%ofpublicfacilities.Ifthisgoalisachieved,thepollutionfromthesefacilitieswilldropby45%from2025levels,”saysLinYue,acityplanner.(城市规划师林悦表示：“这些环保举措带来双重益处——既有利于环境，又能帮助节省城市运营成本。到2030年，我们城市的目标是将这些绿色方案应用于60%的公共设施。如果这一目标得以实现，这些设施的污染排放量相较于2025年的水平将下降45%。”)”可知，林悦认为这些绿色变革带来的好处是减少了污染。故选A。BOnDec.26,Gelinnewashavingacupofcoffeeathome,gazingoutatfrozenBeardsRiver.Suddenly,hisdaughtercried“Look!”Gelinnelookedupjustintimetoseeasmallaircraftafewhundredyardsaway,comingdown.Astheplanedisappearedbehindthetrees,Gelinne,aformersailor,realizeditwouldlandintheriver.Withouthesitation,herandowntothewaterfront.Theplanehadslidtoastoponthebroad,frozenriver,farfromshore,sinking.Thepilotwasstandingonthewing.Gelinneknewfromhisprevioustrainingthatevenafewminutesintheicywatercouldkillthepilot.Gelinnetestedtheicewithhisfootanddecidednottotakeanychanceswalkingonit.Soheandhisson,John,pulledtwokayaks(皮划艇)out.“Ifitcanfloatonthewater,itcanslideontheice,”Gelinnesaid.Thekayaks’paddles(桨)provedtooweak,sothepairtriedusingstickstopushtheboatsalong.Theirfirstattemptsleftthemspinningincircles.Butwitheffort,theymadeprogress.WhenGelinnereachedtheplane,thepilotwasstandingonatailwing,surroundedbyopenwater.Gelinnepushedhiskayakofftheiceandintothewater,paddlingtowardthepilotandthinking,“Whatifhepanics?WhatifIfallover?”Withhissonnearby,Gelinnefocusedonkeepingthepilotcalm,joking,“Justhangontothekayakasifyouwerehuggingyourwife.”Thepilotgrabbedthekayak’sbow.Gelinneknewhehadtogetthepilotontotheshelfofunbrokenice.ButeachtimeGelinnetried,thekayakbrokethroughtheice.Heneededhelp.Soonapoliceofficerarrivedandradioedforhelp.AboatfromthelocalDepartmentofNaturalResourcesappeared.Itpickedupthepilot,Steve71,andrushedhimtosafety,whowouldbetreatedforminorinjuries.LatertheboatreturnedtohelpGelinne,exhausted,toshore.Theboathadarrivedjustintime,Gelinnerecalled.“I’m60yearsold,”hesays.“TherewasnowayIcouldgethimtoshore.”Still,hewassatisfied.4.WhatwasGelinne’sfirstreactiontotheaircrash?A.Hesitant. B.Concerned. C.Scared. D.Surprised.5.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph4?A.Theplanehadsunktothebottom.B.Thepilotwasnearlyfrozentodeath.C.Thekayaksgotstuckinfloatingice.D.Therescuewastougherthanexpected.6.WhydidGelinneneedhelp?A.Becausehissondidn’thelphim.B.Becausethekayakswerebroken.C.Becausetheicewasn’tsolidenough.D.Becausethepilotwastooexhausted.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGelinne?A.Honestandindependent. B.Modestandintelligent.C.Helpfulandhumorous. D.Generousandcautious.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述一位60岁的老人Gelinne，在12月26日，冒着严寒，克服困难去救由于飞机失事而落入水中的飞行员Steve的故事。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Astheplanedisappearedbehindthetrees,Gelinne,aformersailor,realizeditwouldlandintheriver.Withouthesitation,herandowntothewaterfront.(当飞机消失在树后时，曾经当过水手的杰琳意识到它将降落在河中。他毫不犹豫地跑到水边)”可知，他一看到飞机降落在河中，就毫不犹豫地跑到水边，所以推知是担心的。故选B项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thekayaks’paddles(桨)provedtooweak,sothepairtriedusingstickstopushtheboatsalong.Theirfirstattemptsleftthemspinningincircles.Butwitheffort,theymadeprogress.(皮划艇的桨太弱了，所以两人试着用棍子推动小船。他们的第一次尝试让他们在原地打转。但是经过努力，他们取得了进步。)”可知，救助过程非常比预想的要困难。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Withhissonnearby,Gelinnefocusedonkeepingthepilotcalm,joking,“Justhangontothekayakasifyouwerehuggingyourwife.”Thepilotgrabbedthekayak’sbow.Gelinneknewhehadtogetthepilotontotheshelfofunbrokenice.ButeachtimeGelinnetried,thekayakbrokethroughtheice.Heneededhelp.(儿子就在旁边，Gelinne专注于让飞行员保持冷静，他开玩笑说：“就像拥抱你的妻子一样，紧紧抓住皮艇。”领航员抓住皮艇的船头。Gelinne知道他必须把飞行员弄到没有破冰的架子上。但每次杰琳尝试，皮划艇都破冰而出。他需要帮助)”可知，因为冰不够坚固，导致皮划艇都破冰而出。他需要帮助。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。推理判断题。根据第二段“Astheplanedisappearedbehindthetrees,Gelinne,aformersailor,realizeditwouldlandintheriver.Withouthesitation,herandowntothewaterfront.(当飞机消失在树后时，曾经当过水手的杰琳意识到它将降落在河中。他毫不犹豫地跑到水边)”可知，他一看到飞机降落在河中，就毫不犹豫地跑到水边去救人，所以他是热于助人的，以及第五段“Withhissonnearby,Gelinnefocusedonkeepingthepilotcalm,joking,“Justhangontothekayakasifyouwerehuggingyourwife.”(儿子就在旁边，Gelinne专注于让飞行员保持冷静，他开玩笑说：“就像拥抱你的妻子一样，紧紧抓住皮艇。”)”可推知Gelinne是个幽默的人，所以Gelinne是乐于助人又幽默的。故选C项。CWhenthebiggestearthquakeinoveradecadehitKamchatkaPeninsulainJuly,expertsworldwideknewwithinmomentsthankstoglobalsensors,andnowAIissettoimproveearthquakeresearch—makingitfarfasterandrewritingscientists’understandingofhowquakeshappen.Scientistsareusingmachinelearningtospotmillionsoftinyandunseenearthquakesindatafromactiveearthquakeareas.Theseenlargeddatabaseshelplearnfuturequakerisks,andsomeevenapplymachinelearningtoaftershockforecasts.“Machinelearningopenedawholenewwindow,”notesMousavi,anexpertinthisfield.Earthquakesoccurwhenundergroundrocklayerspushagainsteachother,buildingstressuntiltherockbreaksandreleasesenergy.Thisenergyisrecordedbyprofessionaltools,whichhaveprovidedfarmoredatainrecentyears.Justadecadeortwoago,mostanalysis(分析)wasmadebyhuman,buttoday’slargenumberofdatamakesAI-poweredoperationnecessary.Onecommonapplicationisphasepicking,identifyingthearrivalofPandSwavesimportantfordiscoveringtheexactquakelocations.Thistaskcoststimeforhumans,butmachinelearningalgorithms(算法),trainedonpastdata,dothisfarfasterwithcomparableaccuracy(准确度),Mousavisays.Anotherareathathasalreadyseenbigdiscoveriesistheuseofmachinelearningtoenlargeearthquakecatalogs—listsofquakesinparticularregions.Forexample,researchersrecentlyusedAItocreateamoredetailedcatalogofamagnitude7.3quakeinApril2024,increasingitscompletenessbyaboutfivetimes,cuttingthetimefrommonthstooneday.Evenwiththeseimprovementsinfindingandrecordingquakes,AIisstillnotbetterthanoldmethodsatpredictingfutureearthquakes.Whileitmakesaftershockforecastsfaster,it’saboutasaccurateasusualways.Expertswarnnottotrustittoomuchandstressthatdouble-checkingisimportanttomakesureweunderstandAI’sresultsright.Still,earthquakescientistssay,“We’reontheway.”8.Whatisthebenefitofmachinelearninginquakeresearch?A.Decreasingfuturequakerisks.B.Predictingquaketimeexactly.C.Findingunnoticedsmallquakes.D.Correctinghumanwork’smistakes.9.Whyisphasepickingmentionedinparagraph4?A.ToproveAIcanprovideperfectdata.B.ToshowAIspeedsupquakeanalysis.C.TotellPwavesarefasterthanSwaves.D.TocomparethespeedofhumanandAI.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthe2024quakecatalog?A.AInowmakestraditionalmethodsuseless.B.AIisusedtobuildamoredetailedcatalog.C.AIworkswithouthistoricalearthquakedata.D.AIcanenrichthedataofthecatalogsooner.11.Whatistheresearchers’attitudetowardsusingAIinearthquakeprediction?A.Carefulbuthopeful.B.Doubtfulandworried.C.Concernedbuthelpless.D.Supportiveandconfident.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能（AI）在地震研究中的应用，包括其在发现微小地震、加速地震分析、丰富地震目录等方面的作用，同时也指出了AI在地震预测方面的局限性以及研究人员对其发展的谨慎乐观态度。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientistsareusingmachinelearningtospotmillionsoftinyandunseenearthquakesindatafromactiveearthquakeareas.(科学家们正利用机器学习从活跃地震区的数据中识别出数百万次微小且未被发现的地震。)”可知，机器学习在地震研究中的好处是发现未被注意到的小地震。故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thistaskcoststimeforhumans,butmachinelearningalgorithms(算法),trainedonpastdata,dothisfarfasterwithcomparableaccuracy(准确度),Mousavisays.(Mousavi说，这项任务对人类来说很耗时，但基于过去数据训练的机器学习算法能以相当的准确度快得多地完成这项工作。)”可知，第四段提到“phasepicking”是为了说明AI加速了地震分析。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Forexample,researchersrecentlyusedAItocreateamoredetailedcatalogofamagnitude7.3quakeinApril2024,increasingitscompletenessbyaboutfivetimes,cuttingthetimefrommonthstooneday.(例如，研究人员最近使用AI创建了2024年4月7.3级地震的更详细目录，将其完整性提高了约五倍，将时间从数月缩短到一天。)”可知，从2024年地震目录可以推断出，AI可以更快地丰富目录的数据。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Expertswarnnottotrustittoomuchandstressthatdouble-checkingisimportanttomakesureweunderstandAI’sresultsright.Still,earthquakescientistssay,‘We’reontheway.’(专家警告不要过于信任它，并强调反复检查对于确保我们正确理解AI的结果很重要。尽管如此，地震科学家说：‘我们正在路上。’)”可知，研究人员对在地震预测中使用AI的态度是谨慎但充满希望的。故选A。DHaveyoueverwonderedwhatmakespeoplehappy?Isitlotsofmoney,goodhealth,lovingrelationships,orsimplychocolate?AccordingtothelatestWorldHappinessReport,moneyisnotthemainsourceofhappiness.Whilehardshipcanmakeyouunhappy,onceyourbasicneedsaremet,moneyandmaterialthingsmatterfarless.Truehappinessdependsmoreonappreciatingwhatyoualreadyhavethanongettingmore.Sure,moneycanbuythelatestsmartphoneorfashionitem,andthosethingsbringyoujoyatfirst,butthatfeelingisoftenshort-lived.Thinkaboutyourbirthdaygiftsasachild.Nomatterhowoverthemoonyoufeelwhileopeningthem,theymaylieforgotteninadrawersoon.Thesamegoesforthequickthrillofeatingtoomuchchocolate,oftenresultinginstomachache.Lastinghappinesstendstocomefromintangiblethings.Onemajorfactorishumanrelationships.Thesupportoffamilyandfriendsmakesusfeelprotectedandrespected.Buthappinessmeansyouhavetogiveandtake.Performingactsofkindnessandgenerosityregularly,likelisteningtoafriendinneedorcarryinganeighbour’sshoppingbag,willmakeyoufeelpleased.Evenasimplesmilecanbeat2,000chocolatebars!Healthisanotherkeytohappiness.Poorhealthcanmakeanyonefeeldown.Butstayinghealthyrequiressomeeffort.Ahealthydietisimportantandsoisregularexercise.Exercisingfor20to30minutesadayhelpstoreduceanxietyandmakesyoufeelmorepositivebecauseitreleasesendorphins(feel-goodchemicals).So,ifyoufeelblueaboutyourexams,getexercising.You’llalsofindthatyousleepbetter.Talkingofsleep,doyouoftenwakeupfeelingtired?Ifso,it’sprobablybecauseyouhaven’thadenoughofit.Teenagersoftengotobedlateandgetupearly,somanysufferfromalackofsleep.Thistirednesswillcertainlyhaveabadeffectonyourmood,harmyourconcentrationandevenslowyourgrowth.Soifyouwanttobehappyanddowellatschool,trytogetatleasteighthoursofsleepanight.Nowthatyouknowmoreabouthappiness,whynotstartpractisingtoday?Smile,stayactive,careforothers,andrestwell.12.Whichofthefollowingcanbringlastinghappinessaccordingtothereport?A.Valuingwhatonealreadyhas. B.Owningthenewestsmartdevices.C.Eatingchocolateinmoderation. D.Earningmorethanbasicneeds.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intangible”meaninparagraph3?A.Secretandpersonal. B.Simpleandcommon.C.Unimportantandsmall. D.Immaterialandinvisible.14.Whatcouldbetheauthor’ssuggestionforteenagers?A.Studyhardertoimprovetheirschoolwork.B.Reducephysicalexercisetogetmoresleep.C.Connecthappinesswithmaterialgains.D.Valuethetruefoundationsofhappiness.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.BeyondSweets:Chocolate’sLimits B.BeyondBuying:SmilesandMeaningC.BeyondJoy:RealRoutestoHappiness D.BeyondWealth:HealthandRelationships【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍真正的幸福来源，指出金钱并非幸福关键，持久幸福源于珍惜当下、人际关系、健康和充足睡眠等。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Truehappinessdependsmoreonappreciatingwhatyoualreadyhavethanongettingmore.(真正的幸福更多取决于珍惜你已经拥有的，而非追求更多)”可推知，珍惜自己所拥有的能带来持久幸福，故选A。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Lastinghappinesstendstocomefromintangiblethings.Onemajorfactorishumanrelationships.(持久的幸福往往来自intangible的东西。其中一个主要因素是人际关系)”结合后文举例“Performingactsofkindnessandgenerosityregularly,likelisteningtoafriendinneedorcarryinganeighbour’sshoppingbag,willmakeyoufeelpleased.Evenasimplesmilecanbeat2,000chocolatebars!(经常做一些善举和慷慨的行为，比如倾听朋友的倾诉或者帮邻居拎购物袋，会让你感到愉悦。甚至一个简单的微笑也能抵得上2000块巧克力！)”可知，人际关系是抽象的、看不见摸不着的，与物质无关，因此可推知intangible意为“非物质的、无形的”，故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Nowthatyouknowmoreabouthappiness,whynotstartpractisingtoday?Smile,stayactive,careforothers,andrestwell.(既然你更了解幸福了，何不从今天开始践行？微笑、保持活力、关心他人、好好休息)”可推知，作者建议青少年重视幸福的真正基础，故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据文章第二段“Truehappinessdependsmoreonappreciatingwhatyoualreadyhavethanongettingmore.(真正的幸福更多地在于珍惜你已拥有的东西，而非一味地追求更多。)”等内容可推知，文章围绕“什么才能带来真正、持久的幸福”展开，最佳标题是BeyondJoy:RealRoutestoHappiness(超越快乐：通往幸福的真正途径)，故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowYouCanCreateLuckinEverydayLifeHavingapositivewayallowsyoutocreateyourownluckineverydaylife.Herearesometips.BeThankfulForWhatYouHaveSomepeoplearealreadylucky,andtheyjustdon’tknowit.____16____Younodoubthavesomewonderfulfriends,family,aroofoveryourheadandfoodonthetable.Byrecognizingthesethingsregularly,youcanimmediatelyfeelmorelucky.Network____17____Knowingdifferentpeoplecanmakeyougetaccesstoskills,chances,connectionsandmore.Youneverknowwhatwonderfulchanceseachindividualcouldbringtoyouorhowtheymightenrichyourlife,untilyougettoknowthem.BeGenerous(慷慨的)Ifyoueverwantotherpeopletogiveyouchances,youhavetoconsiderwhatsortofatmosphere(气氛)youareputtingoutintotheworld.____18____Begenerouswithyourtimeandattention,andyou’llbesurprisedhowmanyluckychancespeoplemayofferyou.TrySomethingNewLuckdoesn’tjusthappenuponus.____19____Tryingsomethingnewisagreatwayofgettingmorechances.Learninganewskill,visitinganewplace,ortryinganewhobbyareallgreatwaysofexpandingyourchancesandyourstateofmind.TakeActionYou’llnevercreateanyluckifyousittherewaitingforittofallontoyourlap.Takestepstowardsyourgoalsanddreamsandgreeteverychallengewithapositivestateofmind.____20____.A.Itcomestouswhenwe’reopen.B.Youcannotexpecttoreceiveifyounevergive.C.Begratefulforthegoodthatcamefromyourpast.D.Youwillfindyoucancreatemoreluckineverydaylife.E.Sometimespeoplewouldbepreparedtohelpusout.F.Themorepeopleyouconnectwith,theluckieryouwillbe.G.Insteadoffocusingonwhatyoudon’thave,lookathowluckyyoualreadyare.【答案】16.G17.F18.B19.A20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍在日常生活中创造好运的方法，包括感恩、社交、慷慨、尝试新事物和采取行动。【16题详析】根据前文“Somepeoplearealreadylucky,andtheyjustdon’tknowit.(有些人已经很幸运了，只是他们自己不知道。)”以及后文“Younodoubthavesomewonderfulfriends,family,aroofoveryourheadandfoodonthetable.(你无疑有很棒的朋友、家人，有遮风挡雨的住所和桌上的食物。)”可知，前文指出人们未察觉自身幸运，此空应建议关注自己已拥有的幸运，G选项“Insteadoffocusingonwhatyoudon’thave,lookathowluckyyoualreadyare.(与其专注于你没有的东西，不如看看你已经有多幸运。)”承接前后文，符合语境。故选G项。【17题详析】根据后文“Knowingdifferentpeoplecanmakeyougetaccesstoskills,chances,connectionsandmore.(认识不同的人能让你获得技能、机会、人脉等。)”可知，本段强调社交的重要性，F选项“Themorepeopleyouconnectwith,theluckieryouwillbe.(你联系的人越多，你就会越幸运。)”能概括本段主题，符合语境。故选F项。【18题详析】根据前文“Ifyoueverwantotherpeopletogiveyouchances,youhavetoconsiderwhatsortofatmosphere(气氛)youareputtingoutintotheworld.(如果你想让别人给你机会，你就要想想你向世界传递了什么样的氛围。)”可知，前文强调付出与收获的关系，B选项“Youcannotexpecttoreceiveifyounevergive.(如果你从不付出，就别指望得到回报。)”承接前文，点明慷慨付出的意义，符合语境。故选B项。【19题详析】根据前文“Luckdoesn’tjusthappenuponus.(好运不会凭空降临在我们身上。)”以及后文“Tryingsomethingnewisagreatwayofgettingmorechances.(尝试新事物是获得更多机会的好方法。)”可知，前文说明好运不会主动到来，此空应说明好运降临的条件，A选项“Itcomestouswhenwe’reopen.(当我们敞开心扉时，它就会向我们走来。)”承接前后文，符合语境。故选A项。【20题详析】根据前文“Takestepstowardsyourgoalsanddreamsandgreeteverychallengewithapositivestateofmind.(朝着目标和梦想迈出步伐，以积极的心态迎接每一个挑战。)”可知，前文建议采取行动创造好运，此空应总结行动带来的结果，D选项“Youwillfindyoucancreatemoreluckineverydaylife.(你会发现你可以在日常生活中创造更多好运。)”承接前文内容，总结全文，符合语境。故选D项。第三部分语言知识运用(共四节，满分55分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Amanwasemployedtopaintaboat.Hebroughtpaintand____21____andbegantopainttheboatastheownerwanted.Whilepainting,he____22____therewasaholeinthebodyoftheboatanddecidedtorepairit.Whenhefinishedpainting,hereceivedhis____23____andleft.Thenextday,theowneroftheboatvisitedthepainterand____24____himacheque(支票),muchhigherthanwhathewaspaidforthepaintingwork.Thepainterwas____25____.“You’vealreadypaidmeforpaintingtheboat,sir!”hesaid.“Thisisnotforthepaintjob.It’sforrepairingthe____26____intheboat.”“Ah!Butitwassuchasmallservice,”themansaid.“Certainlyit’snotworthpayingmesuchahighamountforsomethingso____27____!”“Mydearfriend,”theownersaid,“Youdon’tunderstand.Letmetellyouwhathappened.WhenIaskedyoutopainttheboat,I____28____tomentionthehole.Whenthepaint____29____,mykidstookitandwentonafishingtrip.Theydidnotknowthattherewasaholethere.Iwasnotathomeatthetime.SowhenI_____30_____andnoticedtheyhadtakentheboat,Iwas_____31_____.Imaginemyreliefand_____32_____whenIsawthemreturningsafelyfromfishing.”“Then,Iexaminedtheboatandfoundthatyouhadrepairedthehole!Younowseewhatyoudid?You_____33_____thelifeofmychildren!”EachofushasamoraldutytoofferKelp,wipetears,listencarefullyandrepairallthe“hole”we____34____inourlifejourney,becauseasmallactwillmakeabig_____35_____inthefuture.21.A.rulers B.knives C.brushes D.pens22.A.noticed B.heard C.sensed D.felt23.A.paint B.money C.boat D.fish24.A.bought B.threw C.sold D.offered25.A.puzzled B.anxious C.embarrassed D.happy26.A.chair B.hole C.paddle D.picture27.A.huge B.rude C.great D.small28.A.stopped B.regretted C.forgot D.remembered29.A.dried B.returned C.prepared D.completed30.A.rewarded B.shared C.returned D.drove31.A.hopeless B.disappointed C.excited D.careless32.A.belief B.worry C.sadness D.joy33.A.hurt B.saved C.broke D.designed34.A.comeafter B.comefrom C.comeinto D.comeacross35.A.achievement B.difference C.process D.progress【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.B27.D28.C29.A30.C31.A32.D33.B34.D35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个油漆工在给船喷漆时顺手修复了他发现的洞，这挽救了主人的孩子，他获得了主人的高额报酬。这个故事告诉人们有时候一个小小的举动往往能产生重大影响。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个男人受雇给一艘船喷漆，他带了油漆和刷子开始按照主人所想进行喷绘。A.rulers尺子；B.knives小刀；C.brushes刷子；D.pen钢笔。根据上文“Amanwasemployedtopaintaboat.”和常识可知，喷漆需要颜料和刷子。故选C项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：喷漆时，他注意到船身有一个洞并决定修复它。A.noticed注意到；B.heard听见；C.sensed意识到；D.felt感觉到。根据“therewasaholeinthebodyoftheboatanddecidedtorepairit.”可知，这个男人在喷漆时无意间注意到这个洞。故选A项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：结束工作后，他收到了工钱并离开了。A.paint颜料，油漆；B.money钱；C.boat船；D.fish鱼。根据前文，他是受雇工作的，且后文提到““You’vealreadypaidmeforpaintingtheboat,sir!””可知，他收到的是钱。故选B项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，主人来拜访油漆工并主动给了他一张支票。A.bought买；B.threw扔，投；C.sold卖；D.offered主动给，提供。根据后句“Thisisnotforthepaintjob.It’sforrepairingthe________intheboat.”可知，船的主人又主动额外付了一笔钱。故选D项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：油漆工感到困惑。A.puzzled困惑的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.happy开心的。根据下文“You’vealreadypaidmeforpaintingtheboat,sir!”可知，油漆工为此感到困惑。故选A项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是因为油漆的工作，而是因为您修补了船上的洞。A.chair椅子；B.hole洞；C.paddle桨；D.picture图片。根据上文“Whilepainting,he________therewasaholeinthebodyoftheboatanddecidedtorepairit.”推知，主人为修复的洞额外支付了酬劳。故选B项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，您为如此小的事情支付我高的酬劳是不值得的。A.huge巨大的；B.rude粗鲁的；C.great大的；D.small小的。根据下文“becauseasmallactwillmakeabig________inthefuture.”可知，文章主要在强调微小举动的积极影响。且上文“Butitwassuchasmallservice”也是提示。故选D项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我请您为我的船喷漆时，我忘记提到那个洞了。A.stopped停止；B.regretted后悔；C.forgot忘记；D.remembered记住。根据上文“Whilepainting,he________therewasaholeinthebodyoftheboatanddecidedtorepairit.”推知，主人并没有告知喷漆工船身有一个洞，他忘记了。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当油漆干时，我的孩子坐上它去钓鱼了。A.dried变干；B.returned返回，归还；C.prepared准备；D.completed完成。根据“mykidstookitandwentonafishingtrip”和常识可知，喷漆之后等油漆干了，孩子们才坐上它去钓鱼。故选A项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回来的时候，我注意到他们已经把船开走了，我感到很绝望。A.rewarded回报，报酬；B.shared分享；C.returned返回；D.drove驾驶。根据上文“Iwasnotathomeatthetime”可知，后来主人回到家并注意到了此事。故选C项。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回来的时候，我注意到他们已经把船开走了，我感到很绝望。A.hopeless绝望的；B.disappointed失望的；C.excited激动的；D.careless粗心的。根据上文“Theydidnotknowthattherewasaholethere.Iwasnotathomeatthetime.”推知，船主人以为孩子们开着有洞的船出去，作为父亲的心情此时是绝望的。故选A项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：想象一下当我看到我的孩子们从钓完鱼安全返回时我的宽慰和喜悦。A.belief信念；B.worry担忧；C.sadness悲伤；D.joy乐趣。根据“whenIsawthemreturningsafelyfromfishing.”推知，船主人看到孩子们安全回来了，心里的石头终于落地，焦虑消除，感到喜悦。故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你挽救了我的孩子们的生命。A.hurt伤害；B.saved挽救；C.broke打破；D.designed设计。根据上文“Isawthemreturningsafelyfromfishing.”可知，船主人认为油漆工的举动挽救了孩子们的性命。故选B项。【34题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在人生的旅程中，我每个人都有道德义务去提供帮助，拭去眼泪，仔细聆听并修复我们遇到的所有“洞”，因为一个小的举动在未来会产生重大影响。A.comeafter继……而来，随之而来；B.comefrom来自；C.comeinto进入；D.comeacross偶遇。根据语境可知，此处由油漆工修复主人船身的洞有感而发，每个人都应该修复生命中遇到的“洞”，故选D项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：在人生的旅程中，我每个人都有道德义务去提供帮助，拭去眼泪，仔细聆听并修复我们遇到的所有“洞”，因为一个小的举动在未来会产生重大影响。A.achievement成就；B.difference不同；C.process过程；D.progress进步。makeadifference产生影响，起作用。根据前文故事可知，油漆工一个小小的举动挽救了生命，产生了重大影响，makeadifference“有影响”是固定短语。故选B项。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InlateAugust,2005,HurricaneKatrina,oneofthemost____36____(destroy)hurricanesinAmericanhistory,hitthesouth-easternpartsofthecountry.ItbeganonAugust23,____37____(cause)onlyslightdamageinthebeginning.Butitsoongrewtobe____38____Category5hurricaneoverthewarmwatersoftheGulfofMexicoandcausedseveredamagealongitspath.NewOrleans,acitythatwasbuiltlargelybelowsealevel,wasworsthit.Inreaction____39____thecominghurricane,thecitygovernmentgaveanordertoclearthecityofall____40____(resident).However,manystayedinthecity.Someofthemchosetostaybecausetheybelievedthatthecity’sdefensesystemwouldkeepthemsafeandsound,____41____otherswereunabletoleavebecausetheyhadnoaccesstotransport.Thedefensesystemfinallyfailed.Asaresult,80%ofthecity____42____(flood).People____43____(trap)inthecityhadnopower,food,ordrinkingwater,____44____(anxious)waitingforrescue.ThehurricanediedawayonAugust31st,____45____ledtonearly2,000deaths,andleftmillionsofpeoplehomeless.【答案】36.destructive37.causing38.a39.to40.residents41.while42.wasflooded43.trapped44.anxiously45.which【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了2005年卡特里娜飓风袭击美国东南部及造成的严重后果。【36题详析】考查形容词。句意：2005年8月下旬，卡特里娜飓风，美国历史上最具破坏性的飓风之一，袭击了该国东南部地区。根据空后名词hurricanes可知，空处需用形容词作定语，destroy的形容词为destructive“具有破坏性的”。【37题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它始于8月23日，起初只造成轻微破坏。本句已有谓语began，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，此处表示伴随，所以空处需用现在分词causing。【38题详析】考查冠词。句意：但它很快在墨西哥湾温暖的海面上成长为5级飓风，并在其路径上造成了严重破坏。此处表示泛指“一场5级飓风”，Category是以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。【39题详析】考查介词。句意：作为回应，针对即将到来的飓风，市政府下令疏散城市中的所有居民。inreactionto“作为对……的反应”，固定短语，所以空处需用介词to。【40题详析】考查名词。句意：作为回应，针对即将到来的飓风，市政府下令疏散城市中的所有居民。all后需接可数名词复数，resident的复数为residents“居民”。【41题详析】考查连词。句意：他们中的一些人选择留下，因为他们相信城市的防御系统会保护他们的安全，而另一些人则因为无法获得交通工具而无法离开。根据空前后句意可知，此处前后句表示对比关系，所以空处需用连词while“而，然而”。【42题详析】考查时态和语态。句意：结果，城市80%的地区被洪水淹没。根据前文动词failed可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时；主语80%ofthecity和动词flood“淹没”之间是被动关系，所以空处需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/weredone，主语是单数，be动词需用was，flood的过去分词为flooded。【43题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：被困在城市里的人们没有电、食物和饮用水，焦急地等待救援。本句已有谓语had，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词，trap与其逻辑主语People之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词trapped作后置定语修饰名词People。【44题详析】考查副词。句意：被困在城市里的人们没有电、食物和饮用水，焦急地等待救援。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词waiting，anxious的副词为anxiously“焦急地”。【45题详析】考查定语从句。句意：飓风于8月31日减弱，导致近2000人死亡，数百万人无家可归。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导。第三节单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适