河南省开封某中学2026届高三诊断英语英语试题（解析版）（一）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省开封某中学2026届高三诊断（一）英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEveryschoolyear,RethinkWastehostsaPosterContestinthefall.ThePosterContestisopentoall3rdthrough8thgradestudentsattendingschoolslocatedintheRethinkWasteservicearea.Thereare2contestcategories:ElementarySchool(3rdthrough5thgrade)andMiddleSchool(6ththrough8thgrade).2026Theme:Compost(堆肥)CrittersDrawapostertoillustratethedecomposers!Theseimportantcritters&organismshelpbreakdownfoodandturnitintorichsoiltogivebacktotheEarth!Examplesofdecomposersincludebacteria,fungi,earthworms,centipedes,pillbugs,ants,beetlesandflies!ContestRequirements•Postersmustbecreatedindividually.Oneentryperstudent.•Postersmustuse8.5×11inchwhitepaperinlandscape(horizontal)orientation.Nolinedpaper.•Nocopyrightedmaterial,computergraphics(图表),orcharacters.Originalartworkonly.•Postersmustbe2Dandinanymedium(paint,markers,colorpencils,crayons,etc.).SubmissionInstructions•SubmissionsopenfromSeptember5th,2026throughOctober3rd,2026at11:59p.m.•Pleasecompletetheonlinesubmissionform.•Onlinesubmissionsmustincludeaclear,high-resolutionphotoorscanoftheposter.NotePleaseDONOTthrowawayyourposteraftersubmitting.WinnerswillberequiredtosubmittheiroriginalposterstoRethinkWaste.•Winningartpieceswillbeannouncednolaterthanmid-October.•AllwinnerswillberecognizedontheRethinkWastewebsite,socialmedia,andacelebratorycommunityevent.PrizesPrizeswillbeawardedtothe1stand2ndplacewinnersfromeachcontestcategory(ElementarySchoolandMiddleSchool).•1stPlaceWinners:PosterdisplayedonlocalRecologytruckandachoiceofgiftcard,item,orfunlocalactivity.•2ndPlaceWinners:Choiceofgiftcard,item,orfunlocalactivity.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthe2026PosterContest?A.Toteachkidsaboutthewasterecyclingsystem.B.Tointroducewastesortingprocedurestokids.C.Toraisefundsforvariouscommunityactivities.D.Tohelpkidsunderstandcompostingthroughart.2.Whichsubmissionwouldbequalified?A.Apaintingwithdownloadedgraphics.B.Ahand-madeworkaboutbacteria.C.AnAI-generatedlandscapedesign.D.Apostercreatedbyagroup.3.Whatdoyouneedtodototakepartinthecontest?A.UploadtheartworkbeforeSeptember5th,2026.B.SendtheoriginalpostertoRethinkWaste.C.Submittheclearscanoftheposter.D.Filloutthepaperentryformatschool.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【语篇解读】本文介绍RethinkWaste机构举办的年度秋季海报大赛，说明了参赛年级、2026年大赛主题、作品要求、提交方式、相关注意事项及获奖奖励等相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据2026Theme:Compost(堆肥)Critters(2026年主题：堆肥小生物)中“Drawapostertoillustratethedecomposers!(绘制海报来展示分解者)”可知，本次海报大赛旨在通过艺术形式让孩子们了解堆肥知识。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ContestRequirements下列“Postersmustbecreatedindividually.(海报需独立创作。)”、“Originalartworkonly.(只要原创。)”和“Nocopyrightedmaterial,computergraphics,orcharacters.(不得使用受版权保护的素材、电脑绘图及虚拟角色。)”可知，只有独立手绘原创作品符合要求。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据SubmissionInstructions下列“Onlinesubmissionsmustincludeaclear,high-resolutionphotoorscanoftheposter.(线上提交需包含清晰、高分辨率的海报照片或扫描件。)”可知，参赛需提交清晰的海报扫描件。BUgonnaNkemjikaisreadingaloudfromastorybookasaclassroomofchildrenfollowalong.Whensheturnsthepagetoanillustrationofariverfilledwithplasticbottles,astudent’shandshootsup.“Isthisourriver?”thegirlasks.Ms.Nkemjikanods,andtheroomfallssilent.Somestudentshavefetchedwaterfromtheriver;othershavewatchedfisherscasttheirnetsintoit.Yetthisisthefirsttimetheyhavebeenaskedtoconsiderthedangertheirriverisin,andhowtheycanhelp.Ms.NkemjikaisavolunteerwithProjectConserveOgunRiver(COR).“TheLoudCryofOgunRiver”,thebookthey’rereading,seekstoexplaintheriver’sdecline.SolomonEkundayo,whofoundedProjectCOR,wrotethebook.Asachild,Mr.EkundayoregularlycrossedtheOgunRiver,watchingfishersdotheirwork.Afterhegotinvolvedinfreshwaterconservation,hereturnedtotheOgunRiver,buthebarelyrecognizedit.Thewaterwasdarkerandfilledwithplasticwasteanduntreatedsewage.Fishingactivityhadplummeted,andinsomeareas,thesmellalonekeptpeopleaway.“Isawmoreplasticthanfish,”Mr.Ekundayorecalls.Inlate2022,Mr.EkundayolaunchedProjectCOR.Realizingcleanupsalonewereinsufficient,Mr.Ekundayoturnedtostorytelling,draftingandillustrating“TheLoudCryofOgunRiver”withvolunteers.“Whenchildrenlearnaboutconservation,theycarryithome,”Mr.Ekundayosays.“Theyquestiontheirparents.Overtime,thatknowledgebecomesculture.”ThebookalsoweavesinYorubaproverbstopassconservationlessonsoninafamiliarculturalway.TeenagerAdebayoFirefunmisaysheusedtothrowplasticbottlesofwater,commonlysoldbyNigerianstreetvendors(摊贩),intotheriverafterdrinking.“Everyonedidit,”hesays.“ButwhenIlearnedwhatplasticdoestotheriver,Ifeltbad.”Now,hesays,hediscardstrashresponsiblyandremindshisfriendsaboutthe“threeRsofreduce,reuse,andrecycle”whenheseesthemlittering.Mr.EkundayostillcrossestheOgunRiverregularly.Henoticessomethinghehasn’tseeninyears:fishswimmingfreelyamongthespindlyreedsthathugtheriverbank.4.Whydoestheauthordescribeaclassroomsceneatfirst?A.Topraiseavolunteer’steachingskill.B.Toshowchildren’sinterestinstories.C.Tointroducethetopicofriverprotection.D.Tohighlightstudents’familiaritywiththeriver.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plummeted”inparagraph4mean?A.Stabilized. B.Varied.C.Declined. D.Expanded.6.WhydidSolomonEkundayowrite“TheLoudCryofOgunRiver”?A.TopreserveYorubaculturalheritage.B.Todocumenthischildhoodmemories.C.Toentertainchildrenwithriverstories.D.Todevelopkids’environmentalawareness.7.WhatdoestheexampleofAdebayoFirefunmiillustrate?A.Thestorytellingapproachhastakeneffect.B.It’sdifficulttochangelitteringhabits.C.Streetvendorcultureistherootofpollution.D.Teenagersprefertofollowinothers’footsteps.【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.A【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了SolomonEkundayo发起COR项目，通过写书和讲故事的方式培养孩子们的环保意识来保护奥贡河。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“UgonnaNkemjikaisreadingaloudfromastorybookasaclassroomofchildrenfollowalong.Whensheturnsthepagetoanillustrationofariverfilledwithplasticbottles,astudent’shandshootsup.(UgonnaNkemjika正朗读一本故事书，全班孩子都在认真跟读。当她翻到一页画着满是塑料瓶的河流插图时，一个学生立刻举起了手。女孩问道：“这是我们那条河吗？”)”以及第二段中“Ms.Nkemjikanods,andtheroomfallssilent.Somestudentshavefetchedwaterfromtheriver;othershavewatchedfisherscasttheirnetsintoit.Yetthisisthefirsttimetheyhavebeenaskedtoconsiderthedangertheirriverisin,andhowtheycanhelp.(Nkemjika女士点了点头，教室里顿时安静下来。有些学生曾去这条河里打水，还有些看过渔民在河里撒网。但这是他们第一次开始思考：家乡的河流正面临怎样的危机，以及自己可以做点什么来保护它。)”可知，作者一开始描述教室里的场景是为了引出河流保护的话题。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Thewaterwasdarkerandfilledwithplasticwasteanduntreatedsewage.(河水变暗，充满了塑料垃圾和未经处理的污水)”以及后文“andinsomeareas,thesmellalonekeptpeopleaway(在一些地区，仅气味就让人远离)”可知，河水变暗，充满了塑料垃圾和未经处理的污水，由此可知，捕鱼活动减少了，故plummeted意思是“减少”。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Inlate2022,Mr.EkundayolaunchedProjectCOR.Realizingcleanupsalonewereinsufficient,Mr.Ekundayoturnedtostorytelling,draftingandillustrating“TheLoudCryofOgunRiver”withvolunteers.“Whenchildrenlearnaboutconservation,theycarryithome,”Mr.Ekundayosays.“Theyquestiontheirparents.Overtime,thatknowledgebecomesculture.”(2022年底，Ekundayo先生发起了COR项目。意识到仅仅清理是不够的，Ekundayo先生转向讲故事，与志愿者一起起草和绘制插图《奥贡河的呐喊》。Ekundayo先生说：“当孩子们了解保护环境的知识时，他们会把它带回家。他们会质疑自己的父母。随着时间的推移，这些知识就变成了文化。”)”可知，SolomonEkundayo写《奥贡河的呐喊》是为了培养孩子们的环保意识。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“TeenagerAdebayoFirefunmisaysheusedtothrowplasticbottlesofwater,commonlysoldbyNigerianstreetvendors(摊贩),intotheriverafterdrinking.“Everyonedidit,”hesays.“ButwhenIlearnedwhatplasticdoestotheriver,Ifeltbad.”Now,hesays,hediscardstrashresponsiblyandremindshisfriendsaboutthe“threeRsofreduce,reuse,andrecycle”whenheseesthemlittering.(青少年AdebayoFirefunmi说，他过去常常把尼日利亚街头小贩通常出售的塑料瓶装水喝完后扔进河里。“每个人都这么做，”他说。“但当我了解到塑料对河流的影响时，我感到很难过。”现在，他说，他负责任地扔垃圾，当他看到朋友们乱扔垃圾时，他会提醒他们“减少、再利用、再循环的三R原则”。)”可推知，该事例说明讲故事宣教的环保方式已经产生实效。CRoadkillisn’tthemostpleasantofsubjects.Asmuchaspeopletrytoavoiditandnotcontributetoit,theuntimelyanimaldeathsareanunfortunate,unavoidablebyproductofasocietyreliantoncars.InBrazilalone,it’sestimatedthattwotoeightmillionbirdsandmammalsarekilledonroadwayseveryyear.InEurope,thepotentialtallymayclimbashighas194million.Whileviralheadlinesoccasionallyhighlightdifferentkindsofroadkill,thedeadcreaturesactuallyhavemanyotherbenefits.Ateamofbiologistsinvestigatedwhathappenswhenscientistsfrequentlyusethesedeadcreaturesintheirownwork.Accordingtotheirfindings,roadkillisbeingusedforawiderangeofresearch—butthepossibilitiesareevengreaterandmoresustainablethanmostpeoplerealize.“Becausetheanimalsarealreadydead,researcherscanoftenavoidlivecaptureandhandling,aligning(一致)perfectlywithglobalanimal-ethicsprinciplesthatencouragereplacinginvasivemethodswhereverpossible,”biologistChristaBeckmannexplained.AlongwithcolleaguesfromWesternSydneyUniversity,DeakinUniversity,andTrentUniversity,Beckmannevaluated312peer-reviewedstudiesfrom67countriesaroundtheworldthatfocusedongoals“otherthancountingorreducingroadkill”.Theyrecordedatleast650species—mostlymammals,followedbyreptiles,birds,amphibians,andinvertebrates.Intotal,theteamidentifiedaround117differentscientificusesforroadkillinvariousscientificprojects.“Wefoundexamplesofsuccessfullyusingroadkilltomapspeciesdistributions,monitordiseaseandenvironmentalpollution,studydiets,trackinvasivespecies,andsupplymuseumcollections,Beckmannsaid.Insomeinstances,sheaddedthatroadkillalsohelpedidentifylocalpopulationspreviouslybelievedextinctandevenincludedspecies“previouslyunknowntoscience”.Beckmannknowstheroadkillisn’tappropriateforallresearchprojectsandcomeswithitsownbiosafetyconsiderations,butstillbelievestherearefarmoreuseswaitingtobeexplored.“Whileroadkillwillalwaysbetragic,usingtheselosseswiselycouldhelpdrivescientificdiscoveryandconservationforward,ratherthanlettingvaluableinformationdecomposebytheroadside,”shesaid.8.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphprimarilyemphasize?A.Theneedforsafertransportation.B.Theseverityoftheroadkillissue.C.Theimpactofroadkillanimals.D.Thecausesofdifferentcaraccidents.9.WhydoesBeckmannadvocateusingroadkillinresearch?A.Ithelpsavoidharmingliveanimals.B.Itminimizestheresearchexpenses.C.Itprovidesfreshbiologicalsamples.D.Ityieldsmoreaccurateresearchresults.10.Whatdothenumbersinparagraph4imply?A.Thecomplexityofresearchmethods.B.Thedevelopmentofinternationalcooperation.C.Thedeclininghealthofglobalecosystem.D.Theroadkill’sglobalscientificsignificance.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Roadkill—APossibleAlternativeinScientificResearch.B.Cars—TheMainThreattoAnimals.C.TheMoralConcernsAreRisingfromRoadkill.D.EffectiveMethodsofPreventingRoadkillAreinNeed.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.A【语篇解读】本文介绍公路车祸致死动物并非毫无价值，可作为科研材料，有广泛且待开发的科学用途。【8题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Roadkillisn’tthemostpleasantofsubjects.Asmuchaspeopletrytoavoiditandnotcontributetoit,theuntimelyanimaldeathsareanunfortunate,unavoidablebyproductofasocietyreliantoncars.InBrazilalone,it’sestimatedthattwotoeightmillionbirdsandmammalsarekilledonroadwayseveryyear.InEurope,thepotentialtallymayclimbashighas194million.(车祸致死动物并不是一个让人愉快的话题。尽管人们尽量避让、也不愿造成这类悲剧，但动物非正常死亡，是依赖汽车出行的社会所产生的令人遗憾且无法避免的附带后果。仅在巴西，据估计每年就有200万至800万只鸟类和哺乳动物死于公路。在欧洲，这一潜在死亡数量甚至高达1.94亿。)”可知，开篇点明车祸动物致死是难以避免的社会产物，再用巴西、欧洲的庞大死亡数据，凸显问题的严重程度。由此可知，第一段强调公路动物致死问题的严重性。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““Becausetheanimalsarealreadydead,researcherscanoftenavoidlivecaptureandhandling,aligning(一致)perfectlywithglobalanimal-ethicsprinciplesthatencouragereplacinginvasivemethodswhereverpossible,”biologistChristaBeckmannexplained.(生物学家克里斯塔・贝克曼解释道：“因为这些动物本就已经死亡，研究人员往往可以避开活体捕捉与处置，这完全契合全球动物伦理准则——准则倡导尽可能取代侵入性的活体研究方式。”)”可知，Beckman提倡科研使用公路致死动物是因为这有助于避免伤害活体动物。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“AlongwithcolleaguesfromWesternSydneyUniversity,DeakinUniversity,andTrentUniversity,Beckmannevaluated312peer-reviewedstudiesfrom67countriesaroundtheworldthatfocusedongoals“otherthancountingorreducingroadkill”.Theyrecordedatleast650species—mostlymammals,followedbyreptiles,birds,amphibians,andinvertebrates.Intotal,theteamidentifiedaround117differentscientificusesforroadkillinvariousscientificprojects.(贝克曼与来自西悉尼大学、迪肯大学、特伦特大学的同事一起，评估了全球67个国家的312项同行评审研究，这些研究的目标并非统计或减少公路动物死亡数量。他们记录到至少650个物种，以哺乳动物居多，其次是爬行动物、鸟类、两栖动物和无脊椎动物。研究团队总计发现，公路致死动物在各类科研项目中有约117种不同的科学用途。)”可知，来自全球67国的312项研究、650个物种、117种科研用途这些数据，体现公路致死动物在全球范围都有很高的科研价值。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Whileviralheadlinesoccasionallyhighlightdifferentkindsofroadkill,thedeadcreaturesactuallyhavemanyotherbenefits.Ateamofbiologistsinvestigatedwhathappenswhenscientistsfrequentlyusethesedeadcreaturesintheirownwork.Accordingtotheirfindings,roadkillisbeingusedforawiderangeofresearch—butthepossibilitiesareevengreaterandmoresustainablethanmostpeoplerealize.(虽然网络热搜新闻偶尔会报道各类公路动物遇难事件，但这些死去的动物其实还有诸多其他价值。一组生物学家开展了研究，探究科研人员频繁将这类动物遗体用于科研工作会带来怎样的作用。研究结果表明，公路动物遗体现已应用于各类广泛的科研领域，而它的潜在价值远比大多数人所想的更大，也更具可持续性。)”本文介绍公路车祸致死动物并非毫无价值，可作为科研材料，有广泛且待开发的科学用途。A选项“公路致死动物——科研领域的一种可行替代选择”贴合全文核心主旨。DAsthenewrobotcalledSproutwalksaroundaManhattanoffice,noddingitsrectangularhead,liftingitswindshieldwiper-like“eyebrows”andofferingtoshakeyourhandwithitsgrippers(钳子),itlooksnothingliketheshinyandthreateninghumanoidsbuiltbycompanieslikeTesla.Sprout’scharmisthepoint.A5-year-oldchildcouldcomfortablytalkateyelevelwiththishumanoid,whichstands1metertallandhasasoftexteriorofsage-greenfoam.ForgedbyFaunaRoboticsovertwoyears,Sproutaimstojump-startawholenewindustryofbuilding“approachable”robotsforhomes,schoolsandsocialspaces.Ifitsemotiveexpressionsandblinkinglightsseemslightlyfamiliar,itmightbefromgenerationsofStarWarsrobotsandotherroboticcompanionsdreamedupinanimationstudiosandchildren’sliterature.“Mostpeopleinthisindustrytakeinspirationfromthesciencefictionthatwegrewupwith,”saidFaunaRoboticsco-founderandCEORobCochran.“IthinksomedosofromWestworldandTerminator.WedofromWALL-E,BaymaxandRosieJetson.”Sproutcan’tliftheavyobjects,butitcandancetheTwistortheFloss,grabatoyblockorteddybear,orstandupfromachairtotakealongwalkalongthewoodfloors.Itwalksslowlybutsteadilyonunevenground.Onlyonceitcameclosetotrippingwhentakingasharpturntoavoidaperson.ItsfoothitatablewheelsolowthatitcouldnotbeseenbySprout’scameraeyes.Buttherobot,builttohandledisturbances,quicklyrecovereditsbalanceandkeptwalking,muchlikeaclumsypersonmight.Startingarobotcompanycanbeunforgiving,especiallyonedesigningpersonalrobots.WhathappensnextwithSproutwilldependonhowdevelopersplayaroundwithitandwhattheylearn.ForCochran,someofthemostimportant“judges”havealreadyapproved.Inahomevideohekeepsonhisphone,his2-year-oldtwinsexcitedlyjumpupanddownasSproutgreetsthem.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutSproutinparagraph1?A.Itsheavyweight.B.Itschild-friendlyappearance.C.Itssimplestructure.D.Itspowerfulfunctionality.13.WhatdoesCochrantrytoexplaininparagraph2?A.HowAIadvancesenabledtheirrobot.B.WheretheinnovationbehindSproutlies.C.WhatinspiredSprout’sdesign.D.Whyrobotsoftenlooklikemoviecharacters.14.WhatdoesSprout’snear-trippingincidentshow?A.Itshigh-speedmovementcapability.B.Itsdisadvantagesinkeepingbalance.C.Itshuman-likeadaptability.D.Itsbroadvisualrange.15.WhatisCochran’sattitudetothefutureofpersonalrobots?A.Conservative. B.Doubtful.C.Uncaring. D.Optimistic.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文介绍一款名为Sprout的新型人形机器人，外形亲和友好、适合儿童接触，设计灵感多来自经典动画机器人，具备灵活行动与自我恢复平衡的能力，研发创始人对个人机器人的未来持乐观态度。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“A5-year-oldchildcouldcomfortablytalkateyelevelwiththishumanoid,whichstands1metertallandhasasoftexteriorofsage-greenfoam.(一个五岁孩子可以和这个人形机器人平视轻松交流，它高一米，外表是鼠尾草绿色柔软泡沫材质。)”可知，Sprout有着适合儿童的亲和外形。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段““Mostpeopleinthisindustrytakeinspirationfromthesciencefictionthatwegrewupwith,”saidFaunaRoboticsco-founderandCEORobCochran.“IthinksomedosofromWestworldandTerminator.WedofromWALL-E,BaymaxandRosieJetson.”(“在这个行业里，大多数人都会从我们成长过程中接触的科幻作品中获取灵感，”福纳机器人公司的联合创始人兼首席执行官罗布·科查恩说道。“我认为有些人会从《西部世界》和《终结者》中获取灵感。而我们则会从《机器人总动员》、《大白》和《杰森一家》中获取灵感。)”可知，Cochran在解释Sprout的设计灵感来源。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Buttherobot,builttohandledisturbances,quicklyrecovereditsbalanceandkeptwalking,muchlikeaclumsypersonmight.(这款机器人专为应对突发状况设计，能快速恢复平衡继续行走，像笨拙的人一样。)”可知，险些绊倒的事例体现它具备类人的适应调节能力。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inahomevideohekeepsonhisphone,his2-year-oldtwinsexcitedlyjumpupanddownasSproutgreetsthem.(他手机里的家庭视频中，两岁双胞胎见到Sprout打招呼时兴奋蹦跳。)”可看出Cochran对个人机器人的未来持乐观态度。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weoftenassumethatresilience(韧性)andperseverancedisappearwhenwillpowerdriesup.Butyouaremostlikelytoquitwhenthedesireforimmediatereliefoutweighsthevalueofpushingthroughdiscomforttoachieveagoalthatrequireseverythingyou’vegot.____16____Goal-seekingbehaviorusuallybeginswithastrongsenseofpurposeandaseize-the-dayattitude.Butwhenexhaustionorboredomstealsin,resilienceoftenreduces.Ifthedesiretoeasediscomfortoutweighsthedesiretoreachthegoal,quittingbeginstofeelliketheonlylogicalchoice.____17____Successfulperseverancedependsonwhichsignalcontrolsyourmindinthepresentmoment.Iftheimmediatereliefofstoppingfeelsstrongerthantherewardoffinishing,thebrainreframesgivingupasthemostsensiblepathforward.Earlyinaneffort,thecostfeelslow,andtherewardfeelshigh.Butastirednessgrows,theurgetoslowdownbecomeshardtoignore.____18____It’ssimplyovershadowedbytherisingpriceofcontinuing.You’reconstantlyrenegotiatingthisconflictasconditionschange.Youessentiallymakeinternalbargainsthatweighthecostofhigheffortagainstthebenefitsofgivingiteverythingyou’vegottoachieveabarelyattainablegoal.Easingupstrategicallycanhelpyoufinishinsteadofquitting.Expecttheurge-to-quitpoint.Treattheurgetostopasasignalthatthecostofeffortishigh,notacommandtoobey.____19____Consciouslyrestatewhyfinishingmattersmorethansustainingall-outeffortandburningout.Adjustefforttoavoidburnout.Thisrestoresthegoal’spracticalityandallowsyoutofinishwithoutcausingharm.Ineverydaylife,perseveranceislessaboutpureforceofwillandmoreaboutwhereyoudirectyourfocusandhowyounegotiateinternalbargains.Motivationdecreasesduringtoughtimes.____20____A.Refreshyourgoalmidway.B.Thegoalhasn’tlostitsvalue.C.Soremindyourselftoslowdown.D.Long-termsuccessisofgreatimportance.E.Goalsareenergizingatthestartofachallenge.F.Discomfortshouldbeavoidedforyourgoal.G.Thishappensdespitethegoal’sgenuineimportance.【答案】16.E17.G18.B19.A20.C【语篇解读】文章分析了人们中途想放弃的心理原因，并给出应对建议。【16题详析】下文“Goal-seekingbehaviorusuallybeginswithastrongsenseofpurposeandaseize-the-dayattitude.(追求目标的行为一开始往往有着强烈的使命感和把握当下的心态。)”讲目标刚开始时人的状态，E选项“目标在挑战伊始时会让人充满动力。”中atthestart和下文beginswith呼应，符合语境。【17题详析】上文“Ifthedesiretoeasediscomfortoutweighsthedesiretoreachthegoal,quittingbeginstofeelliketheonlylogicalchoice.(如果缓解不适的欲望超过达成目标的渴望，放弃就成了唯一合理的选择。)”说明哪怕有目标、目标本身有意义，人依然会萌生放弃的想法。G选项“即便目标本身真的很重要，这种（想放弃的）情况依然会发生。”中This指代上文“觉得该放弃”这件事；despite表示转折，说明不是目标不重要，只是当下更想逃避难受，衔接自然。【18题详析】下文“It’ssimplyovershadowedbytherisingpriceofcontinuing.(它只是被继续坚持越来越高的代价掩盖了。)”说明目标价值依然存在，只是被付出的代价掩盖了。B选项“目标本身并没有失去价值。”中的thegoal与下文的It呼应。【19题详析】根据上文“Treattheurgetostopasasignalthatthecostofeffortishigh,notacommandtoobey.(把想要放弃的冲动看作是努力成本变高的信号，而不是必须服从的指令。)”和下文“Consciouslyrestatewhyfinishingmattersmorethansustainingall-outeffortandburningout.Adjustefforttoavoidburnout.(有意识地重新理清：把事情做完，远比一味全力硬撑、最终透支崩溃更重要。调整付出的力度，避免身心透支。)”可知，上下文提出策略：把放弃冲动当信号、调整努力节奏、避免透支，空处需要填一个建议做法。A选项：“中途重新审视你的目标”属于应对放弃冲动、调整状态的可行策略。【20题详析】上文“Motivationdecreasesduringtoughtimes.(困境中动力会下降。)”指出低谷期动力减退，空处需给出总结性建议。C选项“所以提醒自己放慢节奏。”给出建议：放慢脚步、不必硬撑，符合语境。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Greenishbluewaterssparkledsobrightthatitwasasifthestarshadfallenintotheseaovernight.Isatonthecliff(悬崖)edgebreathinginthemoment.John____21____nearby,operatingthedroneasitflewoverhead,___22___thebeautifulsceneryforus.OnthetrackupaheadIsawacouplewalkinginour____23____.“Goodmorning,”I____24____them.Theysmiledandnoddedastheypassed.TheywalkedalittlefurtheruntilthewomannoticedJohnwiththedrone.She____25____toobservewhathewasphotographing.Shecalledherpartnerover.Togethertheyraisedtheir____26____tolookattheareabeforethem.Theoceansparkledinthesun.____27____mountainsinthedistancewerecoveredingreenvegetation.Purpleandyellowwildflowers____28____fromclifffaces.Asoftbreezecarriedabirdintoview.Thecouplegaspedatthe____29____beforethem,asiftheywereseeingitforthefirsttime.Thewoman_____30_____hercameraandcapturedthescene.Asthecouplecontinuedontheirway,Ithoughtaboutoureveryday_____31_____.Howmanyroutinemomentsbecomeso_____32_____thatwenolongertrulyfeelthe_____33_____theybringtoourlives?Today,asyougoaboutyourday,takecareofyourlovedonesand_____34_____feelwhatyouareexperiencing.Whatdoyou_____35_____asifforthefirsttime?21.A.stood B.hid C.complained D.learned22.A.creating B.researching C.capturing D.describing23.A.company B.memory C.shadow D.direction24.A.recognized B.invited C.greeted D.interrupted25.A.pretended B.stopped C.failed D.hesitated26.A.heads B.voices C.spirits D.hands27.A.Rocky B.Snowy C.Flat D.Bare28.A.fellapart B.driedout C.sprangup D.brokedown29.A.chance B.beauty C.challenge D.event30.A.lookedfor B.checkedout C.putaway D.tookout31.A.encounters B.expectations C.concerns D.tasks32.A.private B.familiar C.painful D.strange33.A.pressure B.lesson C.pleasure D.award34.A.fully B.regularly C.possibly D.hardly35.A.change B.remember C.imagine D.notice【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.C25.B26.A27.A28.C29.B30.D31.A32.B33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】主要讲述作者海边偶遇一对夫妇沉醉自然风光，由此感悟人们应用心感受日常点滴美好的人生道理。【21题详析】考查动词。句意：约翰站在附近，操控着头顶飞行的无人机，为我们拍下美丽的景色。A.stood站立；B.hid躲藏；C.complained抱怨；D.learned学习。根据后文“operatingthedroneasitflewoverhead”可知，约翰在一旁站着操作无人机。【22题详析】考查动词。句意：约翰站在附近，操控着头顶飞行的无人机，为我们拍下美丽的景色。A.creating创造；B.researching研究；C.capturing拍摄；D.describing描述。根据前文“operatingthedrone”以及后文“whathewasphotographing”可知，无人机是用来拍摄美景的。【23题详析】考查名词。句意：在前方的小径上，我看见一对夫妇正朝着我们的方向走来。A.company陪伴；B.memory回忆；C.shadow影子；D.direction方向。根据后文“Theysmiledandnoddedastheypassed”可知，夫妇朝着作者所在的方向走来并擦肩而过。【24题详析】考查动词。句意：“早上好。”我向他们打招呼。A.recognized认出；B.invited邀请；C.greeted问候；D.interrupted打断。根据前文“Goodmorning”可知，这是作者向路人主动问候打招呼。【25题详析】考查动词。句意：她停下来观察他正在拍摄的景物。A.pretended假装；B.stopped停下；C.failed未能；D.hesitated犹豫。根据后文“observewhathewasphotographing.Shecalledherpartnerover.”可知，女士停下脚步，驻足观看无人机拍摄的景色。【26题详析】考查名词。句意：他们一起抬起头，眺望眼前的这片风景。A.heads头；B.voices声音；C.spirits精神；D.hands手。根据后文“lookattheareabeforethem”可知，两人抬起头部望向远方海景山色。【27题详析】考查形容词。句意：远处多岩石的山脉群山被绿色植被覆盖。A.Rocky多岩石的；B.Snowy积雪的；C.Flat平坦的；D.Bare光秃秃的。根据后文“werecoveredingreenvegetation”以及海边远景山峦语境可知，此处指的是指多岩石的山脉。【28题详析】考查动词短语。句意：紫色和黄色的野花从悬崖峭壁上蓬勃生长出来。A.fellapart破碎；B.driedout干枯；C.sprangup涌现，生长；D.brokedown出故障。根据后文“fromclifffaces”可知，野花从悬崖边上生长绽放。【29题详析】考查名词。句意：这对夫妇惊叹于眼前的美景，仿佛是第一次见到这般景致。A.chance机会；B.beauty美景；C.challenge挑战；D.event事件。根据前文“Theoceansparkledinthesun.______mountainsinthedistancewerecoveredingreenvegetation.Purpleandyellowwildflowers_______fromclifffaces.Asoftbreezecarriedabirdintoview.”可知，前文细致描绘了大海、青山、野花、飞鸟等自然风光，夫妇二人为此处美景发出赞叹。【30题详析】考查动词短语。句意：那位女士拿出相机，拍下了这一幕景色。A.lookedfor寻找；B.checkedout结账；C.putaway收好；D.tookout拿出。根据后文“capturedthescene”可知，女士拿出相机拍摄眼前美景。【31题详析】考查名词。句意：当这对夫妇继续前行时，我联想到了我们日常生活中的种种际遇。A.encounters际遇，偶遇；B.expectations期待；C.concerns担忧；D.tasks任务。根据前文“OnthetrackupaheadIsawacouplewalkinginour________.”以及作者与陌生夫妇海边偶遇、驻足共赏风景的情节，可知作者由这次偶遇联想到生活中的日常相逢与际遇。【32题详析】考查形容词。句意：有多少日常瞬间变得太过熟悉，以至于我们不再真正感受它们带给生活的愉悦。A.private私人的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.painful痛苦的；D.strange陌生的。根据后文“nolongertrulyfeel”可知，日常事物因太过熟悉，反而让人忽略其美好。【33题详析】考查名词。句意：有多少日常瞬间变得太过熟悉，以至于我们不再真正感受它们带给生活的愉悦。A.pressure压力；B.lesson教训；C.pleasure愉悦；D.award奖励。根据前文“Thecouplegaspedatthe______beforethem,asiftheywereseeingitforthefirsttime.”可知，夫妇由衷沉醉自然风光之美，由此可知，作者感慨人们渐渐忽略日常光景带给生活的美好与愉悦。【34题详析】考查副词。句意：在度过每一天时，请珍惜身边所爱之人，并全然用心感受当下的经历。A.fully全然地；B.regularly定期地；C.possibly可能地；D.hardly几乎不。根据前文“thatwenolongertrulyfeelthe________theybringtoourlives?”可知，人们因熟悉而麻木无感，由此可知，作者呼吁大家全身心、完整地去感受当下的生活经历。【35题详析】考查动词。句意：有哪些事物，你会如同初次遇见一般去留意和感知？A.change改变；B.remember记住；C.imagine想象；D.notice留意。根据前文“Today,asyougoaboutyourday,takecareofyourlovedonesand_______feelwhatyouareexperiencing.”可知，用心感受当下、以初见之心对待日常美好，由此可知，此处反问人们会以初次相见的心态去留意身边的事物。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。“Tomorrow,youareturningChinese,”acreatorsaysinaviralTikTokvideo,listingaseriesofdistinctChineselifestylehabits.Theplayfulpredictionhasgenerated____36____globalfever.Buildingontheinitialpost,internationalTikTokusershaveincreasinglypostedtheirownvideos,showcasingtheir“Chinese-style”lives,suchas____37____(drink)warmwaterinsteadoficedbeverages,practicingBaduanjin,preparingbasicChinese____38____(di