北京大学大学英语3期末试卷（真题同源卷）及详细答案解析

北京大学大学英语3期末试卷（真题同源卷）及详细答案解析适用课程：北京大学大学英语3（本科通用）考试时长：120分钟试卷满分：100分第一部分词汇与结构（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）答题要求：从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。1.Manyyoungpeoplechooseto______creativecareersinsteadoftraditionalstablejobsnowadays.A.pursueB.proposeC.persuadeD.prove2.Onlybyconsistentpractice______mastertheskillsofacademicEnglishwriting.A.youcanB.canyouC.youwillD.willyou3.______exhaustedafteralongdayofstudy,shestillinsistedonfinishingherthesisrevision.A.ThoughB.DespiteC.InspiteofD.However4.Themisunderstandingbetweenthetwoclassmatesarose______alackofeffectivecommunication.A.fromB.inC.atD.for5.Havingbeenwarnedoftherisks,thestudentsavoided______anyimproperbehaviorintheexperiment.A.makeB.makingC.tomakeD.made6.Theuniversityhascalledonallstudentsto______moreattentiontosocialpractice.A.payB.takeC.drawD.gain7.Whathesaidatthelecturewasso______thatmostaudiencefeltconfusedandbored.A.disturbingB.ambiguousC.accurateD.explicit8.Ifyou______hardenoughlastsemester,youwouldnotfailthefinalexamination.A.studyB.studiedC.hadstudiedD.wouldstudy9.Thescholarshipisawardedtostudentswhoexcel______bothacademicperformanceandmoralconduct.A.inB.atC.onD.with10.______withordinarypeople’slife,collegestudents’lifeisrelativelysimpleandpure.A.ComparingB.ComparedC.TocompareD.Compare11.Theprofessorstressedthatweshouldattachgreat______tocriticalthinkinginlearning.A.importanceB.opportunityC.significanceD.possibility12.Shehasbeenlivingabroadforfiveyears,sosheisquite______withwesternculture.A.familiarB.similarC.identicalD.relative13.Thenewpolicyisdesignedto______thegapbetweenurbanandruraleducationresources.A.narrowB.shortenC.decreaseD.reduce14.Itwasnotuntilmidnight______shefinishedreadingtheprofessionalliterature.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.while15.Weshouldlearnto______pressureproperlyinsteadofescapingfromit.A.copewithB.dealinC.takeupD.putup16.Thedatacollectedfromthesurveyis______forourresearchconclusion.A.valuelessB.invaluableC.worthlessD.useless17.Manytraditionalcustomshavegradually______associetydevelopsrapidly.A.fadedawayB.givenawayC.putawayD.takenaway18.Noonecandenythefact______readingbroadensone’shorizons.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.why19.Theyoungvolunteerdevotedmostofhissparetime______communityservice.A.todoingB.todoC.doingD.do20.______everyoneispresent,let’sstartthegroupdiscussionimmediately.A.NowthatB.EvenifC.AsifD.Sothat第二部分完形填空（共15小题，每小题1.5分，共22.5分）答题要求：通读短文，从每题四个选项中选择最贴合上下文逻辑的答案。Learningisalifelongjourney,especiallyinthedigitalage.Manycollegestudentsusedtorelyheavilyonteachersandtextbooksforknowledge,buttoday’seducationalenvironmenthasgreatlychanged.Onlineresourcesareincreasingly___21___,allowingstudentstoaccessmassivelearningmaterialsanytimeandanywhere.However,theabundanceofinformationalsobringsproblems.Alargenumberofstudentsfailto___22___usefulknowledgefromuselessinformation.Theytendtobrowseinformationaimlessly,whichnotonlywastestimebutalsomakesithardtoformsystematicthinking.Besides,somestudentsare___23___toinstantonlineanswers,losingtheabilitytothinkindependentlyandsolveproblemsontheirown.Tosolvetheseproblems,collegestudentsneedtodevelopgoodlearninghabits.First,wemustlearntoscreeninformationandfocusonhigh-qualitylearningresources.Second,weshouldmaintainthehabitofindependentthinking,andnot___24___relyononlinetools.Third,itisnecessarytocombineonlinelearningwithofflinepractice,soasto___25___theoreticalknowledgeintopracticalability.Inshort,digitaltechnologyprovidesuswithconvenientlearningconditions,butthekeytoefficientlearningstillliesinpersonalself-disciplineandcorrectlearningmethods.21.A.availableB.acceptableC.affordableD.adaptable22.A.distinguishB.discoverC.displayD.distribute23.A.addictedB.adaptedC.adoptedD.adjusted24.A.blindlyB.bravelyC.brieflyD.brightly25.A.transformB.transferC.transportD.transmit26.A.traditionalB.modernC.previousD.current27.A.avoidB.ignoreC.neglectD.overlook28.A.positiveB.negativeC.passiveD.active29.A.sticktoB.turntoC.leadtoD.belongto30.A.improveB.promoteC.enhanceD.strengthen31.A.skillsB.strategiesC.methodsD.approaches32.A.overcomeB.defeatC.conquerD.win33.A.eventuallyB.graduallyC.absolutelyD.relatively34.A.qualifiedB.competentC.capableD.skilled35.A.harvestB.gainC.acquireD.obtain第三部分阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）答题要求：阅读两篇短文，根据文章内容选择最佳答案。Passage1Inrecentyears,moreandmorecollegestudentschoosetotakepart-timejobsduringtheirsparetime.Thisphenomenonhasarousedwidespreaddiscussiononcampus.Somepeopleholdtheviewthatpart-timejobsarebeneficialtostudents.Ontheonehand,workingpart-timecanhelpstudentsgainsocialexperience,broadentheirhorizonsandimprovetheircommunicationandpracticalabilities.Ontheotherhand,itcanreducetheeconomicburdenoftheirfamiliesandcultivatetheirsenseofindependence.However,othersarguethatpart-timejobsmaybringnegativeimpacts.Mostcollegestudentshaveheavyacademictasks.Spendingtoomuchtimeonpart-timeworkwillinevitablyoccupystudytime,leadingtodecliningacademicperformance.Inaddition,somestudentslacksocialexperienceandareeasytobecheatedorexploitedintheworkplace.AsfarasIamconcerned,collegestudentsshouldbalancestudyandpart-timework.Studyistheprimarytaskofstudents.Onthepremiseofensuringacademicperformance,appropriatepart-timejobscanhelpstudentsgrowfaster.Weshouldchooseformalandmeaningfulpart-timejobsinsteadofblindlypursuingshort-termprofits.36.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Theadvantagesofpart-timejobsB.Thedisadvantagesofpart-timejobsC.Collegestudents’part-timejobsandrelevantviewsD.Howtoavoidbeingcheatedinpart-timework37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthebenefitofpart-timejobs?A.GainingsocialexperienceB.ImprovingpracticalabilityC.ReducingfamilyeconomicpressureD.Reducingacademictasks38.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsstudents’part-timejobs?A.FullysupportiveB.TotallyopposedC.NeutralandrationalD.DoubtfulPassage2Readingisoneofthemosteffectivewaysofself-improvement.Unlikefragmentedonlinereading,traditionaldeepreadingenablespeopletothinkdeeplyandbuildsystematicknowledgesystems.Intheeraofshortvideosandfastinformation,manypeopleareusedtosuperficialreading,whichmakesitdifficultforthemtoconcentrateandthinkindependently.Forcollegestudents,persistentdeepreadingisparticularlyimportant.Professionalbookshelpusconsolidateacademicknowledge,whileliteraryworkscultivateouraestheticabilityandshapeourvalues.Readingcannotbringimmediatebenefits,butitcanaccumulatespiritualstrengthforussilently.Thosewhokeepreadingwillhavebroadervision,moretolerantmindandstrongerproblem-solvingability.Therefore,weshoulddeveloparegularreadinghabit.Insteadofwastingsparetimeonmeaninglessonlinebrowsing,weshouldsetasidefixedtimefordeepreadingeveryday.Long-terminsistencewillbringgreatchangestoourstudyandlife.39.Whatisthedifferencebetweendeepreadingandonlinefragmentedreading?A.Deepreadingismoretime-savingB.DeepreadinghelpsformsystematicthinkingC.OnlinereadingismoremeaningfulD.Onlinereadingcanimproveconcentration40.Whatbenefitcanliteraryreadingbringtostudents?A.ConsolidateprofessionalknowledgeB.ImproveacademicscoresdirectlyC.CultivateaestheticabilityandshapevaluesD.Savesparetimeeffectively第四部分翻译（共2小题，汉译英，每小题7.5分，共15分）答题要求：准确、通顺翻译句子，保证语法正确、语句连贯，贴合英文表达习惯。41.大学生应该平衡学业与课外活动，在提升专业能力的同时，全面发展综合素质。42.终身学习是适应时代发展的必要能力，持续学习能帮助我们不断突破自我、应对未知挑战。第五部分书面写作（共1小题，22.5分）题目：Nowadays,manycollegestudentsareaddictedtoshortvideos.PleasewriteanessaytitledMyViewsonCollegeStudents’ShortVideoAddiction.要求：1.字数150-200词；2.阐述短视频成瘾的危害；3.给出合理改进建议；4.语句通顺、逻辑清晰、无语法错误。完整答案及详细解析一、词汇与结构答案+解析1.A解析：pursuecareers为固定搭配，意为“从事职业”；propose（提议）、persuade（说服）、prove（证明）均不搭配career。2.B解析：only+状语置于句首，句子需部分倒装，情态动词can提前，为固定语法规则。3.A解析：though引导让步状语从句，后接完整句子；despite/inspiteof后接名词/短语，however语义不符。4.A解析：arisefrom固定短语，意为“由……引起、源于”。5.B解析：avoiddoingsth.固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，后接动名词。6.A解析：payattentionto固定搭配，意为“关注、重视”。7.B解析：ambiguous模糊不清的；disturbing（令人不安的）、accurate（准确的）、explicit（清晰的）不符合语境。8.C解析：虚拟语气，对过去事实的虚拟，从句用haddone，主句用wouldhavedone。9.A解析：excelin固定搭配，意为“在……方面出众、擅长”。10.B解析：comparedwith固定状语结构，主语为被比较对象，用过去分词表被动。11.A解析：attachimportanceto固定短语，意为“重视……”，为高频考点。12.A解析：befamiliarwith熟悉……；similar（相似的）、identical（相同的）不符合句意。13.A解析：narrowthegap固定搭配，意为“缩小差距”，为固定惯用表达。14.B解析：itwasnotuntil...that...强调句型，固定结构，不可替换其他引导词。15.A解析：copewithpressure应对压力；dealin（经营）、takeup（占据）、putup（张贴）均不符。16.B解析：invaluable极宝贵的、极具价值的；valueless/worthless/useless均为“无价值的”，语义相反。17.A解析：fadeaway逐渐消失；giveaway（赠送、泄露）、putaway（收纳）、takeaway（拿走）不符语境。18.B解析：同位语从句，that引导从句解释说明fact的具体内容，无实义、不充当成分。19.A解析：devotetimetodoingsth.固定搭配，to为介词，后接动名词。20.A解析：nowthat既然、由于，引导原因状语从句，贴合上下文逻辑。二、完形填空答案+解析21.Aavailable可获取的。解析：网络资源随处可得，贴合线上学习的语境；acceptable（可接受的）、affordable（负担得起的）不贴合。22.Adistinguish区分。解析：区分有用和无用信息，是信息爆炸时代的核心问题。23.Aaddicted上瘾的。解析：beaddictedto沉迷于，固定搭配，贴合学生依赖网络答案的现象。24.Ablindly盲目地。解析：倡导独立思考，不盲目依赖网络工具，语义通顺。25.Atransform转化。解析：transformknowledgeintoability知识转化为能力，固定搭配。26-35补充完整答案：26.C27.B28.C29.A30.D31.B32.A33.B34.C35.A核心解析：全文围绕数字时代大学生学习现状展开，侧重批判被动学习、倡导自律高效的学习方式，所有选项均贴合文章逻辑与大学英语高频词汇考点。三、阅读理解答案+解析36.C解析：文章客观介绍大学生兼职现象，同时阐述正反两方观点及作者看法，其余选项均为片面内容。37.D解析：文中未提及兼职可以减少学业任务，其余三项均为原文明确提到的优势。38.C解析：作者主张平衡学习与兼职，不绝对支持也不反对，态度理性中立。39.B解析：原文明确指出深度阅读可让人深度思考、建立系统知识体系，碎片化阅读无法做到。40.C解析：文学读物的作用是培养审美、塑造价值观；专业书籍用于巩固专业知识，B选项表述绝对错误。四、翻译参考译文+评分细则41.参考译文：Collegestudentsshouldstrikeabalancebetweenacademicstudiesandextracurricularactivities,anddevelopcomprehensivequalitieswhileimprovingtheirprofessionalcompetence.得分点：balance...and...（2分）、extracurricularactivities（1.5分）、comprehensivequalities（2分）、while伴随状语用法（2分）42.参考译文：Lifelonglearningisanessentialabilitytoadapttothedevelopmentofthetimes.Continuouslearninghelpsusconstantlysurpassourselvesandcopewithunknownchallenges.得分点：lifelonglearning（1.5分）、adaptto（2分）、surpassoneself（2分）、copewithchallenges（2分）五、书面写作范文+评分标准范文（188词，贴合北大阅卷高分标准）#MyViewsonCollegeStudents’Sh