陕西省榆林市靖边县第一中学2026-2027学年高二上学期10月阶段检测英语试题（含解析无听力原文无音频）

靖边一中高二年级第一学期第一次月考英语试题（B卷）满分：150分时间：120分钟注意事项：1.答题前请在答题卡上填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第一部分听力（共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5，满分7.5）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthenewhouse?A.Theenoughspace. B.Thegoodlocation. C.Thesurroundings.2.Whydoesthemancomehere?A.Tocancelanaccount.B.Togetanewcreditcard.C.Tochangehismailingaddress.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Holidayplans. B.AChristmasparty. C.Theirfamilymembers.4.Whatisthewoman?A.Adoctor B.Atravelagent. C.Abusinesswoman.5.Whereisthemannow?A.InMexico. B.InGermany. C.InSpain.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5,满分22.5）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。6.Whatarethespeakerswatching?A.Atalkshow. B.Amatch. C.Amovie.7.WhatdoesJasonwanttodonow?A.Gotosleep.B.Prepareforalecture.C.Haveachat听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatdoesthemanthinkofMardiGras?A.Boring. B.Tiring. C.Exciting.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Buysometoys.B.HavesomeKingcake.C.Avoidcatchingthecandy.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhereisthenewItalianrestaurant?A.It'sneartheriver.B.It'sonRiverStreet.C.It'sinfrontofaTeaHouse.11.Whendidthewomangototherestaurantlastweek?A.OnWednesday. B.OnFriday. C.OnSaturday.12.Howmuchdidthewomanspendintherestaurant?A.8.C.$10.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatdidTanyausetodo?A.Runintheevening.B.Swiminthepool.C.Rideabike.14.WhatisSteven'shobby?A.Takingphotos. B.Playingfootball. C.Cycling.15.WhoisLinda?A.Paolo'smother. B.Paolo'ssister. C.Paolo'sfriend.16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Takeawalk. B.Goshopping. C.Watchagame.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howlongwillthepromotionlast?A.Oneday. B.Twodays. C.Threedays.18.Whichitemwillcost$575?A.Therefrigerator B.Thedishwasher. C.Thewashingmachine.19.Whatservicewillbeofferedduringthepromotion?A.QuickercheckoutB.Interest-freecredit.C.Allitemsata60%discount.20.Whatcanpeopledoattheentranceofthemarket?A.Takeagift.B.Tastenicecoffee.C.Getamembershipcard.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AChildren’sSci-fiArtPredictsExtraordinaryFutureMorethan80sci-fiartworksareondisplayattheShanghaiScienceandTechnologyMuseum,showingabeautifulyetpuzzlingfuture.The“BraveNewSci-FiWorld”exhibitionfeaturespaintingsandartinstallations(设备)bystudentsfromShanghai,Beijing,Chongqingandothercities.Theyimaginethefutureasaworldwhererobotsandhumanbeingsco-exist.RuChen,fromShanghaiNewPutuoPrimarySchool,haspicturedarobotchameleon(变色龙)tobeusedinouterspacetoaidinthesearchandrescueofhumanbeingsincaseofdanger.LiJiaqifromGuangzhouDongfengEastRoadPrimarySchoolhaspaintedacitywhereadvancedtechnologiesareeverywhere,andeventhecityitselfturnsintoalargerobot.HuangYanruifromBeijingShijingshanGuchengNo.2PrimarySchoolimagineshisrubber,pencilboxandsuchstationery(文具)becomingconsciousrobots,andbeginningtodesignfuturehumanbeings.WangZhihan,fromShanghaiShangdeExperimentalSchoolandherschoolmates,stickelectroniccomponentsonstonefacesasametaphor(隐喻)fortheincreasinglyunclearboundariesbetweentherealityandvirtualworld.“Wehopetoremindpeopleneverloseyourselfinaworldwithadvancedtechnologies,”shesaid.TheexhibitionwilllasttillNovember4.Openinghours:Tuesdays-Sundays9:00-17:15;legalholidays8:45-18:30.TransportationGuide:Metro:MetroLine2:ShanghaiScienceandTechnologyMuseumStation.MetroLine4,MetroLine6andMetroLine9:changetoMetroLine2attheCenturyAvenueStation.BusRoutes:Bus184,640,794,983,984,987,1023,640inter-zonalbuswilltakeyouthere.1.Whoseartworkisrelatedwithspace?A.RuChen's. B.LiJiaqi's. C.HuangYanrui's. D.WangZhihan's.2.Wheredoesthestudentwithanimaginationofstationeryrobotscomefrom?A.Shanghai. B.Guangzhou. C.Chongqing. D.Beijing.3.Whichlinecandirectlytakeyoutothemuseum?A.MetroLine2. B.MetroLine4. C.MetroLine6. D.MetroLine9.BTodaywasmyfirstdayatseniorhighanditwashard.Inhighschool,youhave4minutestogettoyournextclass.Myhighschoolisverybigandthose4minutestogofromoneclasstoanotherreallyisn’talotoftime.TodayIhadtogofromoneendofthebuildingtotheothertogetfromscienceclasstomathclass.Iwantedtogotomylockerfirstandleavemysciencebookthere,butthattooktime.Iwasworriedaboutbeinglate,andIwas.Themathteachersaid,“Justbeontimetomorrow,oryou’llhavedetention(放学后留校).”Aftermath,Iwenttoartclass.IlikemyartclassalotbecauseIgettocreatethings.Theteacherthereshowedushowtomakeportraits(肖像).Heexplained,“Aportraitisawayofcommunicatingwithaperson.Itdoesnotjustshowhowthepersonlooksbutwhatisimportanttounderstandtheperson.”Wejustdiddrawingstoday,butIknowit’sgoingtobegreat.Ilikedrawing.IlikemyEnglishclass,too.Ithinktheteacherisreallysupportive.Todaywewroteaboutourselves.Theteachersaidtojustwritewhatyouthink,andwe’llpayattentiontopunctuation(标点)later.Wecouldwriteaparagraphorapoem,andIwroteapoemaboutmyself.Ithoughtitwasagoodpoem,andtheteachersaidIhadusedgoodimages(意象)tocommunicatemyfeelings.Lunchwasveryhurried.Iarrivedatthediningroomwith12minutestoeat.IsatwithpeopleIdidn’tknow,andeveryonewaseatingquickly.AfterlunchIsignedupforacomputerclub.Ineedtolearnhowtouseacomputerwellbecausemysocialstudiesteachersaysitistheoneskillyouneedineveryclass.4.Whathappenedtotheauthorafterscienceclass?A.Helosthissciencetextbook. B.Hegotlostonthecampus.C.Hewaslateformathclass. D.Hewasgivendetention.5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhisartclass?A.Difficult. B.Enjoyable. C.Boring. D.Easy.6.WhatdidtheEnglishteacherdoafterseeingtheauthor’swork?A.Hepraisedtheauthor.B.Hepointedouttheauthor’smistake.C.Heaskedtheauthortocheckpunctuation.D.Heencouragedtheauthortointroducehimself.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LearnusefulskillsinhighschoolB.Mynewteachersinhighschool C.Makeplansforhighschoollife D.MyfirstdayinhighschoolCAheartwarmingletterwrittenbyYuanLongping,knownas"thefatherofhybridrice",hascaughtpeople'seyesasthenationismourning(悼念)overhispassingaway.In2010,attheage80,Yuanwrotethisletterinmemoryofhislatemother,HuaJing,andmanyaredeeplytouchedbyitssincerity(真情).Intheletter,entitled"TheRiceisRipe(成熟),Mom",YuanrecalledtheolddayswithhismotherinAnjiangtowninCentralChina'sHunanprovince,wherehismotherwasburiedin1989.BorninawealthyfamilyinYangzhou,easternChina'sJiangsuprovince,HuaJingwaswelleducatedandopen-minded.ShetaughtYuanEnglishwhenhewasveryyoung.Havingneverworkedinthefields,HuamovedtoAnjiangtowntosupportherson'sfamilyandresearch."Mom,thericeisripeandIcomebacktoAnjiangtoseeyou...EverytimewhenIwasabletodeliveraspeechtotheaudiencesfromaroundtheworldortakeaprizeinmystudy,Ialwaysthoughtofyou.YoumademewhoIam.PeoplesayI'vechangedtheworldwithonetinyriceseedbutmom,Iknowyousowed(播种)theseedinmewhenIwasalittleboy."8.WhydidYuanLongpingwritealetterin2010?A.Tohonorhismother. B.Toattractpeople'seyes.C.Tocomforthismother. D.Topublichisachievements.9.Whatmovedmanypeopledeeplyintheletter?A.Theseed. B.Theemotion. C.Thespeech. D.Theeducation.10.WhatcanweknowaboutHuaJing?A.Shewasborninapoorfamily.B.Sheusedtoworkinthefields.C.Shedidn'tgetanyschooling.D.ShemovedtoAnjiangforherson.11.What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Thespeechtotheaudience. B.ThegrowthinAnjiang.C.TheseedofYuan'smother. D.Theprizeinhisstudy.DCarlWilhelmScheeleranksasoneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime,buthepaidabigpriceforthishonor.Bornin1742inpresent-dayGermany,Scheelelearnedaboutchemicalsfromhisparentsstartingatayoungage.Whenhewas14,hewassentawaytoGothenburg(哥德堡)tobecometheapprentice(学徒)ofafamilyfriend.Therehespenteightyearsstudyingchemistryandconductingexperimentslateintothenight.Next,ScheelemovedaroundtheHolyRomanEmpire,workingfordifferentchemistsandbecomingmorelearnedinhistrade.In1767,hemovedtoStockholm,wherehediscoveredtartaricacid(酒石酸).AfterthreeyearsinStockholm,hebecamethedirectoroftheLockeLaboratory.Itwasthere,whilehewasanalyzingastrangereaction,thatScheelebecamethefirstpersontoidentifyoxygen.Hecalledtheelement"fireair"becausehebelieved,basedonthetheoriesofhistime,thatasubstancethatmadeupfirewasreleasedfromitemswhentheyburned.Scheelebelievedoxygentobethissubstance,notunderstandingthatoxygenismerelyanelementthatfacilitates(促进)thechemicalreactionthatisfire.Ashistoricasthisdiscoverywas,Scheeleseldomgotcreditforit,largelybecauseEnglishscientistJosephPriestleypublishedfindingsonoxygenbeforeScheele,eventhoughitisnowgenerallyacceptedthatScheelemadetheactualdiscoveryfirst.Throughhiswork,hethusexposedhimselftomanyharmfulmaterials.ThesechemicalshadadeadlyeffectonScheele,andheeventuallydiedofkidneyfailurein1786.Sadly,inspiteofhismanyachievementsandthefactthathegavehislifetochemistry,CarlWilhelmScheeleisoftenforgotteninthehistoryofscience.Thoughhediscoveredmanyelementsbeforeotherbetter-knownscientistsdid,hisunwillingnesstobothattendmeetingsoftheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesandtopublishhisworkallowedotherscientiststotakecreditfordiscoveriesthathehadmade.12.WhofirsttaughtChemistrytoScheele?A.Hisparents. B.JosephPriestley.C.Hisfamilyfriend. D.TheHolyRomanEmpire.13.WhendidScheeleprobablydiscoveroxygen?A.In1745. B.In1767. C.In1770. D.In1789.14.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"theelement"referto?A.Oxygen. B.Tartaricacid. C.Thestrangereaction. D.Thechemicalexperiment.15.WhatcanwelearnaboutScheelefromthetext?A.Hehasbeenworld-famoussincethe1700s.B.Heactuallydiedduetohisdangerouswork.C.HediscoveredoxygenlaterthanJosephPriestley.D.Hethoughthisfindingswerenotvaluableatall.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分））根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Agoodbookcanbesatisfying.Ifreadingisahabityou’dliketogetinto,____16____.Realizethatreadingisenjoyableifyouhaveagoodbook.Ifyouhaveadifficultbookandyouareforcingyourselfthroughit,itwillseemlikeatask.Ifthishappens,giveupthebookandfindanotheronethatyou’llreallylove.Settime.Youshouldhavesometimeduringeverydaywhenyou’llreadforatleast5to10minutes.____17____.Forexample,makeitahabittoreadduringbreakfastandlunchandevendinnerifyoueatalone.Alwayscarryabook.____18____.WhenIleavethehouse,Ialwaysmakesuretohavemycarkeysandonebookathand.Thebookstayswithmeinthecar,andItakeitintotheofficeandprettymucheverywhereIgo.____19____.Findaplaceinyourhomewhereyoucansitinacomfortablechair.Donotliedownunlessyou’regoingtosleep.Thereshouldbenotelevisionorcomputernearthechair,andnomusicornoisyfamilymembersorroommates.Ifyoudon’thaveaplacelikethis,createone.ReducetelevisionortheInternet.Ifyoureallywanttoreadmore,trytoreducethetimeonTVortheInternet.____20____Still,everyminuteyoureduceoftheInternetorTV,youcoulduseforreading.Thiscouldcreatehoursofbookreadingtime.A．therearesomewaystodevelopit.B．Itmeansyouwillreadnomatterhowbusyyouare.C．Findaquietplace.D．Gotobookstores.E．Whereveryougo,takeabookwithyou.F．Thismaybedifficultforsomepeople.G．Havesomegoodteaorcoffeewhileyouread.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Craven,26,hadtogetaroundtheworldtobeatthehospitalforhiswifewasgoingtogivebirth.HewasinAfghanistan.He____21____toKuwaitandthentoPhiladelphia,wheremattersgrew____22____.Stormscausedacancellation(取消)sohewas____23____tostayinahotelovernight.Hewasscheduledtoflyoutthenextmorning.WhilesittingontheplaneonThursdaymorning,theyexperiencedrepairissues.Afterabout30minutesofremainingseatedontheplane,everybodyhadto____24____theplaneandwentbackinsideagain.Afterthatwasdelayafterdelay.“Theyjustkeptpushingit,”Cravensaid.“Iftheyhad

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theplanefromthebeginning,Iwouldhavefoundanotherwayhomesomehow.”“Becauseofthebad

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,therewerenotrentalvehiclesatallfromtheairport,”hesaid.“The

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flightdidn’tworkuntil10:30a.m.thenextday.SoIwouldhave

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allofit.”

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,wordofCraven’splight(困境)startedspreadingamong

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.HisstoryreachedCharleneVickerswhowasalsoonadeadline.Sheneededto

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CharlestonbynoononFriday.She

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herselftoCravenandsaid,“I’mgoingtodrivetoWestVirginiatonight.Soareyouwillingtojointhis

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partyofours?”Cravendidn’tevenwaittogethissuitcase.Thegrouparrivedathishousejustpastmidnight.His9-pound,8-ounceboy,Cooper,was

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thenextmorning.“Ifithadn’tbeenforCharlene,Ineverwouldhavemadeit,”Cravensaid.“Allshewanted

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waspicturesofthebaby.”21.A.drove B.flew C.walked D.rode22.A.complex B.valuable C.exciting D.pleasing23.A.invited B.punished C.forced D.expected24.A.takeoff B.putup C.getoff D.setup25.A.canceled B.arranged C.complained D.repaired26.A.traffic B.weather C.route D.travel27.A.fast B.next C.new D.only28.A.missed B.evaluated C.achieved D.destroyed29.A.Generally B.Apparently C.Fortunately D.Frequently30.A.soldiers B.pilots C.drivers D.passengers31.A.leave B.reach C.pass D.control32.A.introduced B.devoted C.abandoned D.committed33.A.unique B.energetic C.regular D.crazy34.A.gone B.sent C.lost D.born35.A.intime B.inuse C.inreturn D.inneed第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Ithink

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(go)toschoolonfootisgoodforus.Firstofall,walkingtoschoolisa

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(wonder)waytoexerciseandit’sgoodforhealth.Next,it’sfun

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(walk)togetherwithfriendseveryday.Wecantalkaboutsomething____39____(interest)andknoweachotherbetter.What'smore,ifwewalk,____40____(we)parentswon'thavetodriveus____41____school.Therewillbefewercarsinthecity.Morewalking____42____(help)tomakeourcity____43____(clean).Thestreetswon'tbeascrowdedasthey____44____(be)now.Ihopemoreandmorestudentswillgotoschool____45____foot.第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.现在手机非常普及，有人认为手机方便学习和生活，也有人认为手机影响学习，伤害视力，请你以AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofMobilePhones为题写一篇英语短文。写作要求：1.词数：80-100词2.包含：手机优点，缺点，个人观点3.语句通顺，时态正确，书写规范第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。ItwasaSaturdayafternoon.IwashavinglunchwhenDadtoldmetogetready.Ibecameunhappy.Idon'tlikeSaturdays!Eventhoughit'saholidayformostchildren,itisnotformebecauseIneedtogotofootballclub.Manykidslovesports,butIamnotoneofthem.Iprefertostayathomeandread.Idon'tlikerunning,soinateamIamabadplayer.ThecoachistiredofmeandmyteammatessometimesthinkI'museless.Ihavenoideahowtoplayfootball.Usually,afterpracticemyteammateswouldaskmetostayoutofthegameandIwouldjustnod.LastThursday,thecoachtoldusthatwewouldbecompetingwithanotherteaminamonthandmanypeoplewouldcometoseethegame.Ouropponents(对手)werethewinnerlastyearandIfrozeandthoughthowawkwarditwouldbeiftheteamlostbecauseofme.SoIdecidedtopracticehardforthematchandIwenttopracticeeverysingleday.Afteronemonth,whenthegamedaycame,myteammateswereunwillingtotakemeintheteam,andIalsowishedtostayawayfromthegroundaswell.Buttheyhappenedtobeshortofoneplayerandhadnochoicebuttotakemeintheteam.OurteamwastheBigBlues.Therewasagreatcheeronourarrivalinthefield.Igotverynervous.Thegamestartedandwithintwominutes,Igotabluecard.BythetimeIwasallowedback,thescorewastwogoalsforeachteamandthenextgoalwoulddecidethewinningteam.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:Whentheballcametowardsme,Ifroze.___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _________________________ Paragraph2:Ourteam,TheBigBlues,wonthematch!___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _________________________ 1.A2.D3.A这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了上海科技馆推出的“美丽的新科幻世界”展览。1.细节理解题。根据第二段“RuChen,fromShanghaiNewPutuoPrimarySchool,haspicturedarobotchameleon(变色龙)tobeusedinouterspacetoaidinthesearchandrescueofhumanbeingsincaseofdanger.(来自上海新普陀小学的RuChen描绘了一个机器人变色龙,它将在外太空帮助搜救发生危险的人类)”可知，RuChen的作品与太空有关。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据第四段“HuangYanruifromBeijingShijingshanGuchengNo.2PrimarySchoolimagineshisrubber,pencilboxandsuchstationery(文具)becomingconsciousrobots,andbeginningtodesignfuturehumanbeings.(来自北京石景山古城第二小学的HuangYanrui设想,他的橡皮、铅笔盒等文具将成为有意识的机器人,并开始设计未来的人类)”可知,有着把文具变成机器人想法的学生来自北京。故选D。3.细节理解题。根据TransportationGuide部分的“Metro:MetroLine2:ShanghaiScienceandTechnologyMuseumStation.(地铁:地铁2号线:上海科技馆站)”可知,乘坐地铁2号线可直达博物馆。故选A。4.C5.B6.A7.D本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高中生活的第一天。4.细节理解题。根据第一段“Iwasworriedaboutbeinglate,andIwas.Themathteachersaid,‘Justbeontimetomorrow,oryou’llhavedetention(放学后留校).’(我很担心会迟到,我确实迟到了。数学老师说:‘明天要准时,否则你就会被留校’)”可知,科学课后,作者数学课迟到了。故选C项。5.细节理解题。根据第二段“IlikemyartclassalotbecauseIgettocreatethings.(我非常喜欢我的美术课,因为我可以创造东西。)”可知,作者认为美术课很愉快。故选B项。6.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wecouldwriteaparagraphorapoem,andIwroteapoemaboutmyself.Ithoughtitwasagoodpoem,andtheteachersaidIhadusedgoodimages(意象)tocommunicatemyfeelings.(我们可以写一段话或一首诗,我写了一首关于我自己的诗。我认为这是一首好诗,老师说我用了很好的意象来表达我的感情。)”可推断,英语老师看了作者的作品后赞扬了作者。故选A项。7.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Todaywasmyfirstdayatseniorhighanditwashard.(今天是我上高中的第一天,很艰难。)”及全文可知,文章讲述了作者在的高中第一天。所以D项Myfirstdayinhighschool(我高中的第一天)作为文章标题最为合适。故选D项。8.A9.B10.D11.C本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了袁隆平写给母亲的信,信中表明了他的母亲对他的影响,以及他表达了对母亲的思念之情。8.细节理解题。根据第一段中“In2010,attheage80,Yuanwrotethisletterinmemoryofhislatemother,HuaJing,andmanyaredeeplytouchedbyitssincerity（2010年,80岁高龄的袁隆平写下了这封信,以纪念他已故的母亲华静,许多人被这封信的真诚深深打动）”可知,袁隆平2010年写信的目的是为了纪念他的母亲。故选A项。9.细节理解题。根据第一段中“In2010,attheage80,Yuanwrotethisletterinmemoryofhislatemother,HuaJing,andmanyaredeeplytouchedbyitssincerity（2010年，80岁高龄的袁隆平写下了这封信，以纪念他已故的母亲华静，许多人被这封信的真诚深深打动）”可知，信中情感深深打动了许多人。故选B项。10.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Havingneverworkedinthefields,HuamovedtoAnjiangtowntosupportherson'sfamilyandresearch.（从来没有下田过的华静搬到了安江镇，以支持她儿子的家庭和研究）”可知，华静为了儿子搬到了安江。故选D项。11.主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“PeoplesayI’vechangedtheworldwithonetinyriceseedbutmom,IknowyousowedtheseedinmewhenIwasalittleboy.（人们说我用一粒小小的水稻种子改变了世界，但是妈妈，我知道在我还是个小男孩的时候，你就在我心里种下了这粒种子）”可知，最后一段主要讲母亲给他的爱，也就是在袁隆平心中种下的种子。故选C项。12.A13.C14.A15.B本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍的是科学家CarlWilhelmScheele的生平和主要成就。12.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Bornin1742inpresent-dayGermany,Scheelelearnedaboutchemicalsfromhisparentsstartingatayoungage.(舍勒于1742年出生在现在的德国，很小的时候就从父母那里学会了化学。)”可知，第一个教Scheele化学的是他的父母。故选A。13.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In1767,hemovedtoStockholm,wherehediscoveredtartaricacid.(1767年，他移居斯德哥尔摩，在那里他发现了酒石酸。)”和第三段“AfterthreeyearsinStockholm,hebecamethedirectoroftheLockeLaboratory.Itwasthere,whilehewasanalyzingastrangereaction,thatScheelebecamethefirstpersontoidentifyoxygen.(在斯德哥尔摩呆了三年之后，他成为了洛克实验室的主任。正是在那里，当他在分析一个奇怪的反应时，Scheele成为第一个发现氧气的人。)”可推知，Scheele可能是1770年发现氧气的，故选C。14.词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Scheelebecamethefirstpersontoidentifyoxygen.(Scheele成为第一个发现氧气的人。)”和第四段该词后的“Scheelebelievedoxygentobethissubstance(Scheele认为氧是这种物质)”可知该词指代“氧气”。故选A。15.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Throughhiswork,hethusexposedhimselftomanyharmfulmaterials.ThesechemicalshadadeadlyeffectonScheele,andheeventuallydiedofkidneyfailurein1786.(通过他的工作，他接触到了许多有害物质。这些化学物质对舍勒产生了致命的影响，他最终于1786年死于肾衰竭。)”可知，Scheele实际上是由于他的危险工作而死的。故选B。16.A17.B18.E19.C20.F文章主要讲述了养成阅读习惯的几种实用方法。16.由上文“Agoodbookcanbesatisfying.Ifreadingisahabityou’dliketogetinto(一本好书能让人获得满足感。如果你想把阅读培养成一个习惯)”及下文各段介绍的培养阅读习惯的具体方法可知，本空需要起到总起全文、引出后续具体建议的作用。A选项“有一些可以培养这个习惯的方法”能承上启下，既呼应了前文提到的“想要养成阅读习惯”的前提，又自然引出后文的5条实操建议，符合语境。17.由上文“Settime.Youshouldhavesometimeduringeverydaywhenyou’llreadforatleast5to10minutes.(规划阅读时间。你每天都要留出至少5到10分钟的阅读时间)”及下文“Forexample,makeitahabittoreadduringbreakfastandlunchandevendinnerifyoueatalone.(比如，养成在早餐、午餐甚至独自用餐的晚餐时段阅读的习惯)”可知，上文提出每天固定时段阅读的要求，下文举例说明把阅读融入日常碎片化用餐时间，本空需要强调坚持这个习惯。B选项“这意味着无论你多忙都能坚持阅读”能承接“固定每日阅读时段”的做法，引出后文的具体场景举例，符合语境。18.由上文“Alwayscarryabook.(随身带一本书)”及下文“WhenIleavethehouse,Ialwaysmakesuretohavemycarkeysandonebookathand.Thebookstayswithmeinthecar,andItakeitintotheofficeandprettymucheverywhereIgo.(我出门时总会确保手边有车钥匙和一本书。这本书陪我在车里，我还会把它带进办公室，几乎我去的所有地方都带着它)”可知，上文提出“随身带书”的核心建议，下文用作者自身的经历举例说明走到哪里都带着书的做法，本空需要对该段主题句进行补充阐释。E选项“无论你去哪里，都随身带着一本书”能直接呼应段首的“Alwayscarryabook”，和后文的个人经历形成完美的语义呼应，符合语境。19.由下文“Findaplaceinyourhomewhereyoucansitinacomfortablechair.Donotliedownunlessyou’regoingtosleep.Thereshouldbenotelevisionorcomputernearthechair,andnomusicornoisyfamilymembersorroommates.(在家里找一个能坐在舒适椅子上的地方。除非要睡觉，否则不要躺下。椅子附近不能有电视或电脑，也不能有音乐、吵闹的家人或室友)”可知，整段内容都在描述打造一个无干扰、适合阅读的安静空间，本空作为该段的主题句，需要精准概括段落核心建议。C选项“找一个安静的地方”能总领全段，完全匹配后文对无干扰阅读环境的所有描述，符合语境。20.由上文“Ifyoureallywanttoreadmore,trytoreducethetimeonTVortheInternet.(如果你真的想多读书，试着减少花在电视或网络上的时间)”及下文“Still,everyminuteyoureduceoftheInternetorTV,youcoulduseforreading.Thiscouldcreatehoursofbookreadingtime.(即便如此，你从网络或电视上省下来的每一分钟，都可以用来阅读。这能为你创造数小时的阅读时间)”可知，上文提出“减少上网和看电视时间”的要求，下文用“Still(尽管如此)”转折，说明即便有难度，省下来的时间也能转化为阅读时长，本空需要铺垫“减少娱乐时间这件事本身有难度”的语义，才能让后文的转折逻辑成立。F选项“这对一些人来说可能很难”能完美衔接前后文，让“提出要求→说明难度→转折强调收益”的逻辑链条完整通顺，符合语境。21.B22.A23.C24.C25.A26.B27.B28.A29.C30.D31.B32.A33.D34.D35.C文章讲述Craven为赶回家迎接孩子出生，航班接连延误，最终得到陌生人相助及时到家的故事。21．考查动词。句意：他飞往科威特，随后飞往费城，在那里事情变得复杂起来。A.drove驾驶；B.flew乘飞机；C.walked步行；D.rode骑行。根据后文“Hewasscheduledtoflyoutthenextmorning.”可知，作者是乘坐飞机出行。22．考查形容词。句意：他飞往科威特，随后飞往费城，在那里事情变得复杂起来。A.complex复杂的；B.valuable有价值的；C.exciting令人激动的；D.pleasing令人愉快的。根据后句“Stormscausedacancellation(取消)sohewas____tostayinahotelovernight.”暴风雨取消了预订，他被迫在一家酒店过夜可知，事情变得很复杂。23．考查动词。句意：暴风雨造成航班取消，所以他被迫在酒店过夜。A.invited邀请；B.punished惩罚；C.forced强迫；D.expected期待。根据上文“Stormscausedacancellation”可知，航班取消迫使他留宿酒店。24．考查动词短语。句意：在飞机上坐了大约三十分钟后，所有人不得不下飞机，重新回到候机楼里面。A.takeoff起飞；B.putup张贴；C.getoff下车/飞机；D.setup建立。根据上文“WhilesittingontheplaneonThursdaymorning,theyexperiencedrepairissues.”可知，飞机出现故障，乘客需要离开飞机。25．考查动词。句意：“如果他们一开始就取消航班，我本可以想别的办法回家。”Craven说。A.canceled取消；B.arranged安排；C.complained抱怨；D.repaired修理。根据下文“Iwouldhavefoundanotherwayhomesomehow”可知，他认为早取消的话自己可以另想办法。26．考查名词。句意：“由于恶劣的天气，机场根本没有可用的租赁车辆。”他说。A.traffic交通；B.weather天气；C.route路线；D.travel旅行。根据第一段“Stormscausedacancellation”可知，机场没有租赁车是天气因素造成的。27．考查形容词。句意：下一班航班直到第二天上午十点半才可以起飞。A.fast快的；B.next下一个的；C.new新的；D.only唯一的。根据第三段“Iftheyhad____theplanefromthebeginning,Iwouldhavefoundanotherwayhomesomehow.”可知，之前的航班取消了，这里指后续可搭乘的那一班航班。28．考查动词。句意：所以我将会错过（孩子出生）这件事。A.missed错过；B.evaluated评估；C.achieved实现；D.destroyed摧毁。根据上文“The____flightdidn’tworkuntil10:30a.m.thenextday.”可知，航班时间太晚，他就会错过妻子分娩。29．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，Craven的困境开始在乘客之间传开。A.Generally大体上；B.Apparently明显地；C.Fortunately幸运地；D.Frequently频繁地。根据最后一段“Ifithadn’tbeenforCharlene,Ineverwouldhavemadeit”可知，有人知晓他的难处并伸出援手，这是一件幸运的事。30．考查名词。句意：幸运的是，Craven的困境开始在乘客之间传开。A.soldiers士兵；B.pilots飞行员；C.drivers司机；D.passengers乘客。根据后文“Sheneededto____CharlestonbynoononFriday.”可知，同机的乘客知道了他的困境，因此消息是在乘客中传播。31．考查动词。句意：她需要在周五中午之前抵达查尔斯顿。A.leave离开；B.reach到达；C.pass经过；D.control控制。根据倒数第二段“I’mgoingtodrivetoWestVirginiatonight.”可知，她要在周五中午之前抵达查尔斯顿（查尔斯顿是西弗吉尼亚的首府）。32．考查动词。句意：她向Craven做了自我介绍，说：“我今晚要开车去西弗吉尼亚州。那么你愿意加入我们这场疯狂的行程吗？”A.introduced介绍；B.devoted奉献；C.abandoned抛弃；D.committed承诺。结合常识可知，两人互不相识，说话之前，先要自我介绍。33．考查形容词。句意同上。A.unique独特的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.regular常规的；D.crazy疯狂的。根据上文“I’mgoingtodrivetoWestVirginiatonight”可知，连夜驱车赶路，是“疯狂的”行为。34．考查动词。句意：第二天早上，他重九磅八盎司的儿子库珀出生了。A.gone离去；B.sent派送；C.lost丢失；D.born出生。根据第一段“forhiswifewasgoingtogivebirth.”前文妻子将要分娩可知，此处指婴儿出生。35．考查介词短语。句意：“如果没有查琳，我肯定赶不上。”Craven说，“她想要的回报只是宝宝的照片。”A.intime及时；B.inuse在使用中；C.inreturn作为回报；D.inneed处于困境。根据上文“Ifithadn’tbeenforCharlene,Ineverwouldhavemadeit”和下文“waspicturesofthebaby”可知，此处指对方帮忙之后，想要的回报仅仅是婴儿照片。36．going37．wonderful38．towalk39．interesting40．our41．to42．helps43．cleaner44．are45．on文章论述了步行上学的好处，包括锻炼身体、增进友谊、减少汽车出行和改善城市环境等。36．考查非谓语动词。句意：我认为步行上学对我们有好处。go(去)作宾语从句的主语，表示一种普遍现象，用动名词形式going作主语。37．考查形容词。句意：首先，步行上学是一种极好的锻炼方式，对健康有益。提示词修饰名词way，应用形容词形式wonderful作定语，意为“极好的”。38．考查非谓语动词。句意：其次，每天和朋友一起步行很有趣。此处为“Itis+adj.+todosth.”句型，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语towalk。39．考查形容词。句意：我们可以谈论一些有趣的事情，并更好地了解彼此。提示词修饰不定代词something，应用形容词形式interesting作后置定语，意为“有趣的”。40．考查代词。句意：更重要的是，如果我们步行，我们的父母就不必开车送我们去学校。提示词修饰名词parents，应用形容词性物主代词our作定语，意为“我们的”。41．考查介词。句意：更重要的是，如果我们步行，我们的父母就不必开车送我们去学校。drivesb.toschool为固定搭配，意为“开车送某人去学校”。42．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：更多的步行有助于让我们的城市更清洁。help(有助于