专业英语八级模拟试卷319

专业英语八级模拟试卷319

一、听力复合式听写(本题共io题，每题i.o分，共

10分。)

I.Urbanproblems1)problemstobothdevelopedanddevelopingcountries,like[1]

etc.2)problemspeculiartodevelopingcountries:theneedtocreate[2]

.II.MainconsequencesofuncontrolledurbanizationI)[3]ofpeople

fromthecountrytothecity2)[4]ofruralareas3)urbanpopulation[5]

4)pressureonthesupplyofsocialservicesinurbanareas-health:[6]

madeworsebyovercrowdingpeoplefromthecountrytothecity—education:needfor

moreschoolsand[7]5)anexcessoflaborsupply,whichinturnleadsto[8]

activitiesDI.Policiestostemuncontrolledurbanizationindevelopingcountries

l)topromoteamoreequal[9]2)toimprovethesupplyofsocialservicesinthe

ruralareas,particularlyinhealthandeducation3)togive[10]toagriculture,

especiallytosmalllandowners

1、[1]

标准答案：poorhousing/unemployment/trafficproblems

知识点解析：暂无解析

2、[2]

标准答案：(a)basicinfrastructure

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、[3]

标准答案：migration

知识点解析：暂无解析

4、[4]

标准答案：depopulation

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、[51

标准答案：increases

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、[6]

标准答案：endemicdiseases

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、[7]

标准答案：teachers

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、[8]

标准答案：low-productivily

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、[9]

标准答案：landdistribution

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、[10]

标准答案：financialassistance

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、听力对话组题（本题共5题，每题分，共5

分。）

11、Whetheryoukeepallthereceiptsinashoeboxoruseonlinebanking,youshouldbe

clearabout

A、（hesafetyofthetradingprocess.

B、howtomakethemostmoney.

C、eachsumyouhaveearnedandspent.

D、yourabilitytomakemajorpurchases.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Sharon在访谈中对于以何方式存放单据的态度是不拘一格的，但她

认为重要的是要清楚地知道自己所花的每笔钱，并反复强调“knowwhatyou

have”，因此C为正确答案。

12、Whydocouplesneedaseparateaccount?

A、Forsmallpurchases.

B、Formajorpurchases.

C、Forhouseholdexpenses.

D、Formortgagepayment.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：访谈中，Shanm提到拥有夫妻独立账户和家庭共同账户的重要性。

她解释道，separaieaccount用于夫妻各自需要的大宗消费，如妻子每月做水疗，丈

夫买船等这些仅由一方出钱的情况。因此，B为正确答案。

13、WhichofthefollowingisNOTSharon'sadviceoncheckingyourcreditscores?

A^Keepacopyofyourcreditreport.

B、Showyourpartnerthecreditreport.

C、Trytoknowyourcreditscore.

D、Lockyourcreditreportaway.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：考查Sharon关于核对信用分数的建议。选项D访谈中未提及，

Sharon并未提到要把信用报告束之高阁，因此为正确选项。

14、HowdoesSharondescribe"moneydate"?

A^It'srelaxing.

It'sunromantic.

C、It'spainful.

D、It'sdevastating.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Sharon提到夫妻之间应该安排moneydate,用以讨论财务问题。她表

示财务约会不一定是unromantic的；相反，它应该是轻松的经历，可以在轻松愉

快的环境中进行。可见，A符合说话人的观点，因此为正确答案。

15、Tofindareliablefinancialadviser,youhavetodoallthefollowingEXCEPT

A、searchhisinformationonsomewebsites.

B、seehowyourfriendscommentonhim.

C、makesurehe'salwaysdcncagoodjob.

D、（ellhimthatyouhavehighcreditrecord.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：访谈接近尾声时，Sharon提到物色财务顾问时的注意事项，这包

括：可以在一些相关网站上查找自己所在地财务顾问的信息，故A符合；应找有

良好历史记录的人，故C符合；此外，她建议征询朋友的意见，故B符合；D未

提及，故为正确答案。

三、听力新闻（本题共5题，每题7.0分，共5分。）

16、ThefollowingarethedecisionsmadebyEuropeanUniononWednesdayEXCEPT

that.

A、MicrosoftshouldputanendtoitsbusinessinEurope

B、Microsoftshouldpayaboutsixhundredmilliondollars

C、MicrosoftshouldgiveinformationaboutitsWindowssystem

D、MicrosoftshouldmakeanotherversionofWindowswithoutusingitsownsoftware

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、WhatpercentagedoesMicrosoftaccountforinthesoftwareforpersonalcomputers

in(heworld?

A、19%.

B、90%.

C、40%.

D、70%.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、What'sMicrosoft^reac:iontothedecisionmadebyE.U.?

A、Microsoftdidnottakeitseriously.

B、Microsoftwasopposedtothedecision.

C、MicrosoftdecidedtodoasE.U.required.

D^Microsoftacceptedthedecisionbutdidnottakeanymeasures.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、TheGroupofSevenfinanceministersregularlymeetto.

A、discusshowtopromoteinternationaleconomicgrowth

B、setpolicydirectionfbrInternationalMonetaryFund

C、talkabouthowtomeetthechallengesposedhyglobalization

D、discusshowtocontrolproduction

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

20、Canada,sfinanceministerwasconcernedabout.

A、theimpactofglobalization

B、theimpactofU.S.budgetdeficit

C、theriseofunemploymentrateinChina

D、thedebtreliefofthepoorcountries

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、常规阅读理解(本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20

分。)

Ifyouwanttoseewhatittakestosetupanentirelynewfinancialcenter(andwhatisbest

avoided),headforDubai.Thisflay,sun-bakedpatchofsandinthemidstofawar-tom

andisolatedregionstartedwithfewadvantagesotherthanalongtraditionasahubfor

MiddleEasterntrademutes.ButoverthepastfewyearsDubaihasbuiltanewfinancial

centerfromnothing.Dozensoftheworld'sleadingfinancialinstitutionshaveopened

officesinitsnewfinancialdistrict,hopingtograbaportionofthe$2trillion-plus

invesimenrfrom(heGulf.Somesaythereismorehype(hanbusiness,butfewbigfirms

mwillingtoriskmissingout.DealmakinginDubaicentersaroundTheGate,acube-

shapedstructureattheheartoftheDubaiInternationalFinancialCentre(DIFC).A

brainchildoftherulingAl-Maktoumfamily,theDIFCisatax-freezoneforwholesale

financialservices.Firmslicensedforitarenotapprovedtoservethelocalfinancial

market.TheDIFCaimstobecometheleadingwholesalefinancialcentreintheGulf,

offeringone-stopshoppingforeverythingfromstockstosukuk(Islamic)bonds,

investmentbankingandinsurance.InAugusttheDubaiboursemadeabidforabigstake

inOMX,aScandinavianexchangeoperatorthatalsosellstradingtechnologycomanyof

theworld'sexchanges.Dubaimayhavegeneratedthebiggestsplashthusfar,butmuchof

theGulfregionhasseenasurgeofactivityinrecentyears.Recordflowsofpetrodollars

haveenabledgovernmentsintheareatospendbillionsoninfrastructureprojectsand

development.Personalwealthtooisgrowingrapidly.AccordingtoCapgeminiand

MerrillLynch,thenumberofpeopleintheMiddleEastwithmorethan$lminfinancial

assetsrosebynearly12%lastyear,to300,000.Qatar.BahrainandAbuDhabialsohave

bigaspirationsfortheirfinancialhubs,thoughtheykeepalowerprofilethanDubai.

They,too,arctryingtolearnfrommoreestablishedfinancialcenterswhattheymustdo

toachievethemagicmixoftransparentregulation,goodinfrastructureandloworno

taxes.Someofthefiercestcompetitionamongthemisfortalent.MostEnglish-speaking

professionalshavetobeimported.EachoftheGulfhubs,though,hasitsowndistinct

characteristics.AbuDhabiistryingtopresentitselfasamorecultured,lesscongested

alternative(oneighboringDubai,andisbuildingahugeGuggenheimmuseum.Energy-

richQatarisanimportanlhuhforinfrastructurefinance,withambitionstodevelop

furtherbusinessinwealthmanagement,privateequity,retailbankingandinsurance.

BahrainiswellestablishedinIslamicbanking,butitisfacingnewcompetitionfrom

London,KualaLumpurandotherhubsthathavecaughtontoIslamicfinance."Ifyou've

gotonesiringtoyourbowandsuddenlysomeonetakesitaway,you'reintrouble,"says

StuartPearceoftheQatarFinancialCentreaboutBahrainSacdiArabia,byfarthe

biggesteconomyintheGulf,iscreatingaclusterofitsowneconomiczones,including

KingAbdullahCity,whichisaimedatforeigninvestorsseekingapresenceinthe

country.Tryingtocutdownonthenumberof"suitcasebankers"whoflyinfromnearby

centersratherthanliveinthecountry,theSaudisnowrequirefirmsworkingwiththemto

havelocalbusinesslicenses.Yetthebulkoftheregion'smoneyisstillflowingto

establishedfinancialcentersinEurope,AmericaandotherpartsofAsia.Thefinancial

hubsthereofferlessonsforaspiringcentersinotherpartsofthedevelopingworld.

Buildingtheconfidenceoffinancialmarketstakesmore(hannewskyscrapers,taxbreaks

andincentives.TheDIFC,fbrinstance,initiallysufferedfrorr.suspicionsofgovernment

meddlingandfromahighturnoveramongseniorexecutives.Tradingonitsstockmarket

remainsthin,andthegovernmentseemsunwillingtofloatitsmostsuccessfulcompanies

there.Makingthedesertbloomwasnevereasy.

21、Accordingtothepassage,Dubaihasbuiltanewfinancialcenter

A、becauseofitsinnateadvantagesoverothercountries.

B、thanksto(he$2trillion-plusinvestmentfromtheGulf.

C、fromitspasttraditionasatradecenterintheGulf.

D、fbrit'sawar-tomandisolatedregionintheworld.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题干中的内容在原文第2段第1句出现，通读各选项，可知本题要找

原因。该段第2句说到众多金融机构进入迪拜，是为了在海湾两万亿的投资中分得

一杯羹，据此可推断这两万亿的投资是迪拜能建成一个新的金融中心的重要原因，

因此选Bo

22、According(o(hepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutDubaiisINCORRECT?

AsItenjoysrecordflowsofpetrodollars.

B、Personalwealthtooisgrowingrapidly.

C、ItisthebiggesteconomyintheGulf.

D^Billionsarespentoninfrastructure.

标准答案；C

知识点解析：倒数第2段第1句表明沙特阿拉伯是海湾地区最大的经济实体，C不

符题于中的Dubai,故选Co

23、Thefiercestcompetitionamongthecountriesaspiringfortheirfinancialhubsis

A、regulation.

B、infrastructure.

C、tax.

D、talent.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第5段倒数第2句提到，他们之间最大的竞争是人才的竞争，因此选

Do

24、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutSaudiArabia?

A、Itisbuildingaclusterofitsowneconomiczones.

B、Itistryingtodecreasethenumberof"suitcasebankers".

C^Itisverystrictaboutgrantinglocalbusinesslicenses.

D、Itcan'tattractthebulkoftheregion'smoneytoflowin.

标准答案：C'

知识点解析：倒数第2段第2句后一分句require…have…licenses只是说沙特人要

求与他们合作的公司必须持有当地经营许可证，并不能体现strictabout…，C中的

说法无原文支持，故为答案。

25、Bysaying"makingthedesertbloomwasnevereasy"inihelastparagraph,the

authormeans

A^newskyscrapersneedtobebuilttoguaranteetheconfidenceoffinancialmarkets.

B、cuttingontaxesandgivingmoreincentivesbringstheconfidenceoffinancial

markets.

C、thegovernmentistryingcobringtheconfidenceoffinancialmarketsdown.

D^ittakesgreateffortstobuildtheconfidenceandprosperityoffinancialmarkets.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从最后一段以及前文的描述不难总结出，建立金融市场的信心仅仅靠

建几座摩天大楼、减税及政策性激励是不够的，它需要多方面的努力，应选D。

Mostpeoplehaveexperienced(hefeeling,afterataxingmentalwork-out,thatthey

cannotbebotheredtomakeanymoredecisions.Iftheyareforcedto,theymaydoso

intuitively,ratherthanbyreasoning.Suchapathyisoftenputdowntotiredness;buta

studypublishedrecentlyinPsychologicalSciencesuggeststheremaybemoretoitthan

that.Whetherreasonorintuitionisusedmaydependsimplyonthedecision-maker's

blood-sugarlevel—whichis,itself,affectedbytheprocessofreasoning.E.J.Masicampo

andRoyBaumeisterofFloridaStateUniversitydiscoveredthisbydoingsome

experimentsonthatmostpopularoflaboratoryanimals,theimpoverishedundergraduate.

Theyasked121psychologystudentswhohadvolunteeredfortheexperimenttowatcha

silentvideoofawomanbeinginterviewedthathadrandomwordsappearinginbold

blackletterseverytensecondsalongtheperimeterofthevideo.Thiswasthepartofthe

experimentintendedtobementallytaxing.Halfof(hestudencsweretoldtofocuson(he

woman,to(rytounderstandwhatshewassaying,andtoignorethewordsalongthe

perimeter.Theotherhalfweregivennoinstructions.Those(hathadtofocuswere

exertingconsiderableserf-controlnottolookattherandomwords.Whenthevideowas

over,haftofeachgroupwasgivenaglassoflemonadewithsugarinitandhalfwas

givenaglassoflemonadewithsugarsubstitute.Twelveminuteslater,whentheglucose

fromthelemonadewithsugarinithadhadtimetoenterthestudents'blood,the

researchersadministeredadecision-makingtaskthatwasdesignedtodetermineifthe

participantwasusingintuitionorreasontomakeuphismind.Thestudentswereaskedto

thinkaboutwheretheywantedtoliveinthecomingyearandgiventhreeaccommodation

optionsthatvariedbothinsizeanddistancefromtheuniversitycampus.Twoofthe

optionsweregood,butindifferentways:onewasfarfromthecampus,butverylarge;

theotherwasclosetocampus,butsmaller.Thethirdoptionwasadecoy,similartoope

ofthegoodoptions,butobviouslynotquiteasgood,ffitwasclosetocampusandsmall,

itwasnotquiteascloseasthegoodcloseoptionandslightlysmaller,ifitwasfarfrom

campusandlarge,itwasslightlysmallerthanthegoodlargeoptionandslightlyfarther

away.Psychologistshaveknownforalongtimethathavingadecoyoptioninadecision­

makingtaskdrawspeopletochooseareasonableoptionthatissimilartothedecoy.Dr.

MasicampoandDr.Baumeislersuspectedthatstudentswhohadbeenaskedtoworkhard

duringthevideoandthenbeengivenadrinkwithoutanysugarinitwouldbemorelikely

torelyonintuitionwhenmakingthisdecisionthanthosefromtheotherthreegroups.

Andthatiswhathappened;64%ofthemwereswayedbythedecoy.Thosewhohad

eithernothadtoexertmentalenergyduringtheshowingofthevideoorhadbeengiven

glucoseintheirlemonade,usedmasonintheirdecision-makingtaskandwerelesslikely

tobeswayedbythedecoy.Itisnotclearwhyintuitionisindependentofglucose.Itcould

hethathumansinheritedadefaultnervoussystemfromothermammalsthatwassimilar

tointuition,andthatcouldmakesnapdecisionsaboutwhethertofightorfleeregardless

ofhowmuchglucosewasinthebody.Whateverthereason,theupshotseemstobethat

thinkingis,indeed,hardwork.Andimportantdecisionsshouldnotbemadeonanempty

stomach.

26、Theword"taxing"inthefastparagraphmeans

A^tiring.

B、imposingtaxation.

C、payingtaxation.

D、relaxing.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第1段第1句中提到人们在经历了脑力劳动之后根本无法集中注意力

进行决策活动，结合该段第3句中出现的tiredness一词可以推断出taxing应为“费

劲的，累人的”之义，因此选A。

27、InE.J.MasicampoandRoyBaumeister'sstudy,aboutstudentswhoreceivedno

instructionsin(hevideowatchingweregivenaglassoflemonadewithsugarini(.

A、121

B、60

C、30

D、15

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第2段第2句表明共有121人参加了本次实验；倒数第2句表明其中

一半的人，即约60人在看录像时没有受到任何指示：第3段第1句表明每组60人

中，又有一半的人，即约30人在看录像后喝了加糖的柠檬汁。因此答案应选C。

28、Whichgroupofstudentstendedtobeswayedbythedecoy,accordingtothestudy?

A、Theno-watching-instructionsgroupthathadbeengivenglucoseintheirlemonade.

B、Theno-watching-instructionsgrouphavingbeengivensugarsubstituteintheir

lemonade.

C、Themental-energy-exertinggroupthathadbeengivenglucoseintheirlemonade.

D、Themcntal-cncrgy-excrtinggroupthathadbeengivensugarsubstituteintheir

lemonade.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第5段第2句中的studentswhohadbeenaskedtoworkhard实际指的

就是mental-energyexertingstudents,D的内容是原文该句的同义表达，符合题

意,故选D。

29、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue,accordingtothestudy?

A^People'sblood-sugarlevelisaffectedbytheprocessofreasoning.

B、Whetherpeopleresorttoreasoningorintuitionmaydependontheirblood-sugar

level.

C、Bothreasoningandintuitionarecertainlyaffectedbypeople'sblood-sugarlevel.

D^Itisnotwisetomakeimportantdecisionswhenoneishungry.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：倒数第2段第I句表明直觉不受葡萄糖水平的控制，C的说法与这句

不符，故为答案。此外，C中的certainly太过绝对，通常这种选项的说法都与原文

不符。

30、Thelastparagraphsuggeststhat

A^peoplearenotabletomakeimportantdecisionswhenhungry.

B、decisionsmadeonanemptystomachmaybeunreasonable.

C、peoplearelessintelligentwhentheyarehungry.

D、peoplearemoreintelligentwhentheyarehungry.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章最后一句中用shouldnot表建议，表明“做重要的决定时不能空

着肚子”，由此可推断空着肚子做出的决定是不合理的，故B对。

ConsideringhowjazzistranscribedinChinese(jueshi),youmaybemisledinto

assumingthatitisanaristocraticculturalform.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetroth.It

originatedamongblackAmericansattheendofthe19thcentury,atatimewhenthey

occupiedtheverybottomoftheAmericansocialheap.Sohowhassomethingthatwas

createdbyaoncedowntroddenanddespisedminorityacquiredacentralplaceintoday's

Americanculture?PerhapstheessenceofAmericaisthatyoucouldnevergettwo

Americanstoagreeonjustwhatthatmightbe.Afterthinkingaboutitforawhile,we

mightchuckleandsay,"Hmm,seemslikebeingAmericanisabitmorecomplicatedthan

wethought."Certainlythingslikeindividualism,success(the"AmericanDream"),

innovationandtolerancestandout.Butthesethingscometogetherbecauseofourability,

(oworkwithoneanotherandfindcommonpurposenomatterhowdiversewemightbe.

Some,likeAfrican-AmericanwriterRalphEllison,believethatjazzcapturestheessence

ofAmerica.Forgoodreason,forinjazzallofthecharacteristicsImentionedabovecome

together.Thesolosareacelebrationofindividualbrilliancethatcan'ttakeplacewithout

thegroupeffortsoftherhythmsection.Beyondthat,though,jazzhasaconnectiontothe

essenceofAmericainamuchmorefundamentalway.ItisanexpressionoftheAfrican

rootsofAmericancukuie,amusicalmediumthatexemplifiesthecultureoftheAfricans

thatcametodominatemuchofwhatisAmerican.That'sright,inmanyrespects

America'srootsarcinAfrica.ReadRalphEllison'sperceptivedescriptionofthe

transformationofseparateAfricanandEuropeanculturesatthehandsoftheslaves:"…

thedancingofthoseslaveswho,lookingthroughthewindowsofaplantationmanor

housefromtheyard,imitatedthestepssogravelyperformedbythemasterswithinand

(henaddedtothemtheirownspecialflair,burlesquingthewhitefolksandthengoingon

(oforcethestepsintoachoreographyuniquelytheirown.Thewhites,lookingoutatthe

activityintheyard,thoughtthattheywerebeingflalteredbyimitationandwereamused

bytheincongruityoltatteredblacksdancingcourtlysteps,whilemissingcompletelythe

factthatbeforetheireyesaEuropeanculturalformwasbecomingAmericanized,

undergoingametamorphosisthroughthemockingactivityofapeoplepartiallysprung

fromAfrica."JazzbroughttogetherdementsfromAfricaandEurope,fusingthemintoa

newculture,anexpressionuniquetotheAmericas.Outofthisfusioncameanideathat

weAmericansbelievecentraltoouridentity:tolerance.Bothculturesrepresentedin

Ellison'spassageeventuallycametorealizeeachother'svalue.Americansacknowledge

thatindiversityisourstrength.Welearneverydaythatotherculturesandpeoplesmay

makevaluablecontributionstoourwayoflife.Jazzmusicistheembodimentofthis

ideal,combiningelementsfromAfricanandEuropeancultureintoadistinctlyAmerican

music.JazzreflectstwocontradictoryfacetsofAmericanlife.Ontheonehanditisa

teameffort,whereeverymusicianiscompletelyimmersedinwhatthegroupdoes

together,listeningtoeachoftheotherplayersandbuildingontheircontributionsto

createamusicalwhole.On（heotherhand,thebandfeaturesasoloistwhoisan

individualattheextreme,ageniuslikeCharlieParkerwhoexploresmusicalterritory

wherenoonehasevergonebefore.Inthesamesense,Americanlifeisalsoa

combinationofteamworkandindividualism,acombinationofindividualbrilliancewith

theabilitytoworkwithothers.

31、Accordingtothepassage,Jazzis

A、actuallyanaristocraticculturalform.

B、aculturalformpeculiartotheupperclass.

C、aculturalformdespisedbytheAmericans.

D^aculturalformoriginatedinAmerica.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第I段最后一句表明爵上乐源于美国黑人，D指出爵士乐起源于美

国，意思符合原文该句内容，故选D。

32、Accordingtothepassage,theessenceofAmericais

A^the"AmericanDream".

B、innovation.

C^notaunitaryconcept.

D、tolerance.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第2段第2句提到，没有哪两个美国人对美国精髓有着相同的看法，

第4句又提到强调个性，获取成功（即“美国梦”），创新以及包容综合在一起都是美

国精髓的内容，因此可知美国精髓并不是单一的概念，所以选C。

33、TosaythatjazzcapturestheessenceofAmericaisforallthefollowingreasons

EXCEPTthat

A^itexpressestheAfricanrootsofAmericanculture.

B、injazzallcharacteristicsoftheessenceofAmericacometogether.

C^individualbrillianceoutshinesthegroupeffortsoftherhythmsection.

D、itshowstheAfricanculturedominatedmuchofwhatisAmerican.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：原义第3段第3句中的can'ttakeplacewilhoul表明个人才气的展现得

依赖整个乐队的节奏伴奏，C中的outshines一词与原文不符，故选C。

34、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue,accordingmthepassage?

A、Americansbelieveindividualismiscentraltotheiridentity.

B、Americanlifecombinatesteamworkwithindividualism.

C、JazzreflectstwoconflictingfactorsofAmericanlife.

D^JazzfusedelementsfromAfricaandEuropeintoanewculture.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：原文第6段第1句指出美国人特征的核心是tolerance,A的

individualism与原文该句不符，故选A。

35、Thispassageismainlyabout

A^Jazzanditshistory.

B、JazzandthesoulofAfrica.

C、Jazzanditsprospects.

D、JazzandthesoulofAmerica.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章的第I段说爵士乐的起源，而第2-7段都是围绕着爵士乐何以进

入美国文化的主流地位而展开，其中第3段第1句指出了爵士乐抓住了美国的精

髓，后面几段都是结合美国精髓来说明爵士乐成为主流文化的原因，故文章主要是

关于爵士乐和美国精髓，选D。

Thefirstintimation,apparently,waswhenthree-year-oldYvestoldhismotherthather

shoesdidnotgowithherdress.TheywereathomeinOran,adullcommercialtownin

French-ruledAlgeria,whereYves'sfathersoldinsuranceandranachainofcinemas,and

Mrs.Mathieu-Saint-Laurentcutanelegantfigureincolonialsociety.Oranhadonce

enjoyedsomesmallrenownasthewesternmostoutpostoftheOttomanempire,andwas

togainmorelaterasthesettingforAlbertCamus's"ThePlague".Butafter1936ithada

geniusinthemaking.So,atanyrate,thetribute-payersarcsaying."Puregenius","the

world'sgreatestfashiondesigner'*,"themostimportantdesignerofthe.20thcentury":

suchsuperlativeshavebeenlavishedonYvesSaintLaurentforyears,andperhapsthey

arenotmeanttobetakenatfacevalue.Thefashionbusinessis,afterall,apartofthe

entertainmentindustry,wheresycophancy,exaggerationandgushinginsincerityarenot

unknown.Mr.SaintLaurentfittedperfectlyintoit.Hewas,forastart,quiteliterallya

showman,ashyandstage-frightenedone,butwhatshowshecouldputon!Dazzlinggirls

smarteddownthecatwalk,wearingstartlingcreationsofgauze,orvelvet,orfeathers,or

notmuchatall.Hewasanartist,adelicate,attenuatedfigurewhodrewhisinspiration

fromthepagesofMarcelProust,thepaintingsofBraque,Matisse,PicassoandVan

Gogh,andthecounselsofhisassistant,LouloudelaFalaise.Andhewastroubled:by

drink,bydrugsandbyphysicalfrailty.Heteeteredperpetuallyonthebrinkofemotional

collapseandsometimesfelloverit.In1961,whenMt.SaintLaurentsetupshopinParis

underhisownname,mostcouturierswerenotquitelikethis.Butthetimeswere

propitiousforsomethingnew.HehadbythendoneastintattheHouseofDior,whose

reputationhehadrestoredwithsomedramaticdesignsand.in1958.afterthefamous

founderhaddied,aniconoclasticcollectionofhisown.Thesiimmoustodomilitary

service,aghastlymentaldegringoladeanddismissalfromDiorthenintervened,and

mighthavecutshortagreatcareerhadhenotgoneintopartnershipwithMr.Berg6.Asit

was,aseriesofinnovationsfollowed,withMr.SaintLamentresponsibleforthedesigns,

Mr.Berg6forthebusiness,includingthescents,scarves,unguentsandover100other

productsmarketedwithaYSLlabel.ThedressdesignsnowstartedflyingoffMr.Saint

Laurent'sdrawingboard,thoughincreasinglyoftenwiththeaidofhelpers.Manywere

short-lived,thisbeingfashionandfashionbeing,bydefinition,ephemeral.Buttwo

departuresweretolast.Onewasthathautecouture,hithertoavailableonlytothevery

richorvicariouslythroughmagazinesandnewspapers,shouldbesoldworldwidein

ready-to-wearshopsatafractionoftheposhprice.Theotherwasthatwomenshouldbe

putintomen'sclothes—safarioutfits,smokingjackets,trenchcoatsand,mostenduringly,

trousersuits.Women,forsomereason,saw(hisasliberation.Hewasalways

imaginative,takinginspirationnotjustfromartistslikeMondrianbutalsofromAfrica

andRussianballet.Hewasalsocapableofcreatingtheabsurd,producing,forexample,a

dresswithconicalbosomsmorelikelytoimpalethantosupport.Buthisclothes,however

outr6,wereusuallyredeemedbywonderfulcolorsandexquisitetailoring.Aboveall,they

werestylish,andthebesthavecertainlystoodthetestoftime.Thatisnodoubtbecause

mostwereunusuallywearable,evencomfortable.Atareverentialextravaganzain(and

outside)thePompidouCentreinParisin2002,soonafterMr.SaintLaurenthad

announcedhisretirement,manyoftheguestsworealovinglypreservedYSLgarment.

The"anarchist",asMr.Berg6recentlycalledhim;hadbynowbecomemore

conservative,seeing(hemeritsof"timelessclassics"andlamentingthebanishmentof

"eleganceandbeauty"infashion.Hebelieved,hesaid,in"thesilenceofclothing”.Yet

perhapshemusttakesomeoftheblameforthenewcacophony.Thetrousersuitprepared

thewayfortheoff-tracktracksuit;andlesserdesigners,believingtheysharehisflairand

originality,nowthinktheyhavealicensetomakeclothesthataremerelyidiotic.Perhaps

itwouldhavehappenedwithouthim.Inanindustrylargelydevoidofanysenseofthe

ridiculous,hewasusuallyanexception.Hebelievedinbeauty,recognizeditinwomen

and,amidthemeretricious,createdhisshareofit.

36、Accordingtothepassage,

A、Mr.SaintLaurentfirstshowedhistalentforfashionin1958whenheworkedfor

Dior.

B、thesuperlativeshavingbeenlavishedonMr.SaintLaurentweremeantto

uxagguralions.

C、Mr.SaintLaurentwasnotfreefromphysicalandemotionalsufferingsinhislife.

D^Mr.SaintLaurentmanagedtobuilduphisownbrandnameallbyhimselfin1961.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：原文第3段倒数第2句表明Mr.SaintLaurent在身体方面遭受折磨，

最后一句表明他精神方面也终生受困，C是原文这两句的同义表达，故正确。

37、Theword"sycophancy"inthesecondparagraphmeans

A、slander.

B、calumny.

C.fame.

D^flattery.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第2段提到，最高级形式的溢美之词亳不各啬地用在了伊夫-圣洛朗

的身上，而在娱乐界，“sycophancy”，夸大其词和虚伪做作并非罕见。从里思衔接

上来看,“sycophancy”应该与exaggerationandgushinginsincerity一起呼应前面提到

的superlativesoD中的flattery“阿谀奉承”符合语境，故正确。

38、BythetimeMr.SaintLaurentsetupshopinParisunderhisownname,behad

alwaysworkedasa(n