内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市西四旗联考2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市西四旗联考2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AForourannualBestoftheWorldList,weshareourpicksforthetopmuseums,festivals,andotherculturalspotsandexperiencesworthatripthisyear.Theseplacesshowyoutraditions,communitiesandhistory-andinspireyoutodigdeeper.NationalWWIIMuseum,NewOrleans,theUSTheNationalWWIIMuseumhasseveralbuildings,eachcoveringdifferentaspectsofthewar.Latelastyear,itopenedtheLiberationPavilion,whichexploresthefinalyearsofthewar.Visitorscanstepintore-creationsofthesecretbuildinginAmsterdamwhereAnneFrank’sfamilylivedandthesaltminewherepeopleuncoveredtreasuredworksofarthiddenbytheNazis.LiamuigaNaturalFarms,St.KittsOnPhillipsMountain,inSt.Kitts,thiscoffeefarmhasrecentlystartedhostingthree-courselunchesforvisitors.TheKellysandtheMikes,thetwofamiliesrunthefarm,servedishesusinglocalproduceandspecialtiesincludingchips,saltfishandhomemadecoffeeicecream.“AsyouexploreLiamuigaNaturalFarms,you’renotjustaguest,”saysco-ownerTiffanyMike,“you’reapartofourworktoprotecttheenvironment,upholdKittiiantraditions,andcreateabetterfuture.”CanadianCanoeMuseum,Ontario,CanadaWhatisoneofthebestthingsaboutvisitingtheworld’slargestcollectionofcanoes(独木舟)?Youcanactuallypaddle(划船)uptoit.Theboat-shapedbuilding,whichhasitsopeninginMay,islocatedbythelakesideinPeterborough.Afteradmiringthemuseum’scollectionortakingalessoninmakingpaddlesfromAnishinaabeartists,visitorscanstartagroupboattourofLittleLake.NorEsteTrail,PuertoRicoAnhour’sdriveeastofSanJuan,PuertoRico’sfirstbackpackingpath,theNorEsteTrailletsvisitors“hikeinarainforest,beonamountaintopintheclouds,andgotothebeach,allinthesameday,”ElYunqueforestsupervisor(主管)KeenanAdamssaid.OrganizationslikeLoveinMotionconnecthikerswithlocalculturethroughfamily-ownedtraditionalfoodstandsalongthe40-milejourney.1.WhatdoestheLiberationPavilionfocuson?A.Theriseofacity. B.TheendofWWII.C.Americanartists. D.Modernbuildings.2.WhatisapurposeofLiamuigaNaturalFarms?A.Tocoverlatestevents. B.Toshowhowtomakeameal.C.Tokeeplocaltraditions. D.Toteachtouriststorunafarm.3.Whichwillattractvisitorswhowanttoexplorearainforest?A.NorEsteTrail. B.NationalWWIIMuseum.C.LiamuigaNaturalFarms. D.CanadianCanoeMuseum.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个适合游玩的景点。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据NationalWWIIMuseum,NewOrleans,theUS部分中“Latelastyear,itopenedtheLiberationPavilion,whichexploresthefinalyearsofthewar.(去年年底，它开放了解放馆，探索了战争的最后几年)”可知，LiberationPavilion聚焦二战末期的历史。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据LiamuigaNaturalFarms,St.Kitts部分中““AsyouexploreLiamuigaNaturalFarms,you’renotjustaguest,”saysco-ownerTiffanyMike,“you’reapartofourworktoprotecttheenvironment,upholdKittiiantraditions,andcreateabetterfuture.”(“当你探索Liamuiga自然农场时，你不仅仅是一个客人，”共同所有者TiffanyMike说，“你是我们工作的一部分，保护环境，维护基蒂亚传统，创造更美好的未来。”)”可知，开办LiamuigaNaturalFarms的目的之一是为了弘扬当地的传统。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据NorEsteTrail,PuertoRico部分中“Anhour’sdriveeastofSanJuan,PuertoRico’sfirstbackpackingpath,theNorEsteTrailletsvisitors“hikeinarainforest,beonamountaintopintheclouds,andgotothebeach,allinthesameday,”ElYunqueforestsupervisor(主管)KeenanAdamssaid.(在波多黎各第一条背包旅行路线圣胡安以东一小时车程的地方，诺雷斯特步道让游客“在雨林中徒步，在云中登上山顶，去海滩，所有这些都在同一天完成，”埃尔云克森林主管基南亚当斯说。)”可知，NorEsteTrail对那些热爱丛林探险的游客有吸引力。故选A。BPaulTown,bornandraisedinEccleshill,hashadanunbelievablejourneyfromalocalartisttooneofthemostrecognizedfootballpaintersintheUK.Hisloveforfootballandartbeganatayoungage.Whenhewasfour,hesawthefloodlightsofParkAvenuegroundforthefirsttimefromthewindowofabusgoingupCanterburyAvenueonavisittohisgrandparents.Themomentremainedwithhimandbythetimehewas10,ithaddevelopedintoafirmbeliefthatonedayhewouldpaintfootballgrounds!However,Paul’sjourneytobecomingafull-timeartisttooktime.Formanyyears,heworkedasabuilder,developedaconstructionbusiness,andraisedtwodaughterswithhiswife,Lindsay.Whileconstructionworkprovidedagoodliving,Paulalwaysfeltthatitwasnothistruecalling.Inhisearlyforties,afterreceivingaboxofacrylicpaintsfromhisparents,Paulpickeduphisbrushesagain,rediscoveringhisloveforart.Hisbreakthroughcamein2013,whenhesoldapaintingoftheoldVetchFieldgroundtoaSwanseaCitysupporterattheLeagueCupFinalatWembley.Fromthatmoment,Paul’scareerasafootballartisttookoff.Hehassincebeencommissioned(委托)manytimestopaintParkAvenue,theclubhisgrandfathersupported.ParkAvenueholdsaspecialplaceinhisheart,andhehaspainteditmanytimes,capturing(刻画)itsuniquedesignandhistory.Paul’sworkisnotjustaboutfootball;it’saboutcapturingthespiritandhistoryofthegame.Hispaintingscelebratespecialmoments,likematchesandfamousvictories,bringingtheexcitementoffootballtolife.It’shislovethathasledhimtotravelthelengthandbreadthofthecountrytoexploregrounds-andhispaintingsnowhangincountlesshomesandclubboardrooms.4.WhatexcitedPaul’sinterestinartwhenhewasyoung?A.Afloodoffootballfans. B.Thescenehesawonabus.C.Anarrowcrowdedstreet. D.Hisgrandparents’support.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPaul’sjourneytopainting?A.Successful. B.Unpleasant.C.Dangerous. D.Expectable.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A.Wembley. B.VetchField.C.ParkAvenue. D.SwanseaCity.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torecommendafootballclub. B.Toreflectonhisloveforfootball.C.Torememberafootballplayer. D.Tointroduceafinefootballartist.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了PaulTown从一名当地艺术家成长为英国最知名的足球画家之一的非凡历程，包括他的成长背景、职业转变、突破性时刻以及他的艺术风格和成就。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Whenhewasfour,hesawthefloodlightsofParkAvenuegroundforthefirsttimefromthewindowofabusgoingupCanterburyAvenueonavisittohisgrandparents.Themomentremainedwithhimandbythetimehewas10,ithaddevelopedintoafirmbeliefthatonedayhewouldpaintfootballgrounds!(四岁那年，他乘公交车去看望祖父母，当车子驶过坎特伯雷大道时，他第一次从车窗里看到了帕克大道球场的泛光灯。那一刻深深烙印在他的记忆里，到10岁时，他已坚定地相信，自己终有一天会画下足球场的模样！)”可知，Paul四岁时在公交车上第一次看到帕克大道球场的泛光灯，这一情景在他心中留下深刻印象，并促使他产生了将来要画足球场的想法，即Paul在公交车上看到的场景激发了他对艺术的兴趣。故选B。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Hisbreakthroughcamein2013,whenhesoldapaintingoftheoldVetchFieldgroundtoaSwanseaCitysupporterattheLeagueCupFinalatWembley.Fromthatmoment,Paul’scareerasafootballartisttookoff.Hehassincebeencommissioned(委托)manytimestopaintParkAvenue,theclubhisgrandfathersupported.(2013年，他迎来了事业的突破。在温布利球场举行的联赛杯决赛上，他把一幅老维奇球场的画作卖给了一位斯旺西城队的球迷。从那一刻起，Paul作为足球主题画家的职业生涯开始腾飞。此后，他多次受委托绘制帕克大道球场——那是他祖父支持的俱乐部。)”可推知，Paul的绘画之路是成功的。故选A。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在语境“Hehassincebeencommissioned(委托)manytimestopaintParkAvenue,theclubhisgrandfathersupported.ParkAvenueholdsaspecialplaceinhisheart,andhehaspainteditmanytimes,capturing(刻画)itsuniquedesignandhistory.(此后，他多次受委托绘制帕克大道球场——那是他祖父支持的俱乐部。帕克大道球场在他心中有着特殊的地位，他画了无数次，用画笔定格下它独特的设计与历史。)”可推测，此处的“it”指代前文反复提到的“ParkAvenue”，即他多次绘制的是这座球场。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“PaulTown,bornandraisedinEccleshill,hashadanunbelievablejourneyfromalocalartisttooneofthemostrecognizedfootballpaintersintheUK.(PaulTown在埃克莱希尔出生长大，他有着一段令人难以置信的历程，从一名当地艺术家成长为英国最知名的足球画家之一。)”结合文章内容可知，文章围绕PaulTown的生平展开，从他年少时对足球场产生绘画兴趣，到中年重拾画笔，再到2013年事业突破成为知名足球主题画家，详细介绍了他的成长经历、职业转型和艺术成就，由此推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一位优秀的足球艺术家。故选D。CForyears,Canadahasbeenoneofthefewwealthycountrieswithoutanationalschoolfoodprogram.Instead,wehavesmall,localprogramsthatdependonpiecemealfunding,andvolunteers.That’ssettochange.ThispastApril,thegovernmentofCanadadedicated(拨付)$1billionoverfiveyearstocreatetheNationalSchoolFoodProgram,whichwilloffermealstohundredsofthousandsofkidsannuallystartingthisyear.PoordietisawidespreadissueinCanada，affectingchildrenfromallincome(收入)levels.Manychildreneattoomanyprocessedfoodslikegranolabarsandcandy,whilenotgettingenoughfruitsandvegetables.Evenmykidsdon’teatwellduringtheschoolday.Providinghealthymealsatschool,wherechildrenspendmuchoftheirtime,isagreatwaytoimprovetheirdietsandreducehealthproblems.Studentswhousetheseprogramsgetbettergradesanddon’tmissschoolasmuch.Forexample,inonestudyofamorningmealprogramintheTorontoDistrictSchoolBoard,studentswhoateamorningmealmostdaysinaschoolweekdidbetterinareaslikeindependentacademicwork,classparticipationandproblem-solving.Rightnow,schoolfoodprogramsareoftenaimedatneedykids.Somestudentswhocouldbenefitfromschoolfoodprogramsmaynotparticipatebecausetheydon’twanttobeseenaspoor.ButthestudyfromtheU.S.tellsusthatwhenallkidsareinvitedtoparticipate,theshamerelatedtotheprogramvanishes.Iexpectwewillgraduallyseeuniversalprogramslikethatrollout.Underanationalpolicy,schoolfoodprogramswillcontinuetovary.Differentplaceshavedifferentneeds.Thegovernmentcouldhostameetingofinternationalexpertstohelpuslearnfromthebestschoolfoodprogramsaroundtheworld.Ifwe’regoingtoputthemoneyin,weneedtomakesurethattheprogramsarethebesttheycanbe.8.WhatistheproblemfacingCanadaaccordingtothetext?A.Therearesuddenrisesinfoodprices.B.Manyfamiliescan’taffordhousingcosts.C.Therearenofoodprogramsforallstudents.D.Teachersdon’tsupportschoolfoodprograms.9.Whydoestheauthormentionthestudyinparagraph3?A.Toshowthebenefitsofschoolfoodprograms.B.Toexplainwhychildrenmusteatatastymeal.C.Tostressthestudents’abilitytosolveproblems.D.Tohonourtheserespectedteachersintheschool.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vanishes”inparagraph4mean?A.Happens. B.Recovers. C.Advances. D.Disappears.11.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionforthegovernmentabouttheprograms?A.Managethembasedonthesameneeds.B.Seekprofessionaladvicefortheplanning.C.Encourageparentstoputthemoneyin.D.Hostaworkconferenceonadailybasis.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了加拿大启动国家学校供餐计划的背景、意义及实施建议。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Foryears,Canadahasbeenoneofthefewwealthycountrieswithoutanationalschoolfoodprogram.Instead,wehavesmall,localprogramsthatdependonpiecemealfunding,andvolunteers.(多年来，加拿大一直是少数几个没有全国性学校食品计划的富裕国家之一。相反，我们只有一些小型的地方性项目，依赖零星的资金和志愿者。)”可知，加拿大长期以来没有全国性的学校食品计划，只有小型、地方性的项目，即加拿大面临的问题是没有面向所有学生的食品计划。故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“Providinghealthymealsatschool,wherechildrenspendmuchoftheirtime,isagreatwaytoimprovetheirdietsandreducehealthproblems.Studentswhousetheseprogramsgetbettergradesanddon’tmissschoolasmuch.Forexample,inonestudyofamorningmealprogramintheTorontoDistrictSchoolBoard,studentswhoateamorningmealmostdaysinaschoolweekdidbetterinareaslikeindependentacademicwork,classparticipationandproblem-solving.(孩子们大部分时间都在学校度过，在学校提供健康的膳食是改善他们饮食、减少健康问题的好方法。参与这些计划的学生成绩更好，缺课也更少。例如，在多伦多学区一项关于早餐计划的研究中，一周内大多数日子都在学校吃早餐的学生，在自主学习、课堂参与和解决问题等方面表现得更好。)”可知，第三段开头指出在学校提供健康膳食是改善儿童饮食、减少健康问题的好方法，并提到参与这些计划的学生成绩更好、缺课更少。随后列举多伦多学区的早餐计划研究，具体说明每周多数日子在学校吃早餐的学生在自主学习、课堂参与和解决问题等方面表现更好。由此推知，作者提到该研究是对前文观点的举例支撑，为了具体展示学校食品计划的好处。故选A。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在语境“Somestudentswhocouldbenefitfromschoolfoodprogramsmaynotparticipatebecausetheydon’twanttobeseenaspoor.ButthestudyfromtheU.S.tellsusthatwhenallkidsareinvitedtoparticipate,theshamerelatedtotheprogramvanishes.(一些本可以从这些计划中受益的学生可能不会参与，因为他们不想被视为穷人。但美国的一项研究告诉我们，当所有孩子都被邀请参与时，与该计划相关的羞耻感就会……。)”可推测，上文提到一些学生因不想被视为穷人而不参与食品计划，即存在与计划相关的羞耻感。随后转折指出当所有孩子都被邀请参与时，这种羞耻感就会vanishes。结合逻辑，当计划覆盖所有学生时，因贫困被特殊对待的情况消失，羞耻感自然会消失，故画线词意思是“消失”，选项D“disappears”意为“消失”，与此相符。故选D。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Thegovernmentcouldhostameetingofinternationalexpertstohelpuslearnfromthebestschoolfoodprogramsaroundtheworld.(政府可以召集国际专家开会，帮助我们借鉴世界各地最好的学校食品计划。)”可知，作者建议政府召集国际专家开会，借鉴全球最好的学校食品计划，即寻求专业建议来规划项目。故选B。DTheAmericanburyingbeetle(葬甲)hasseenitspopulationnotablyfallduetohabitat(栖息地)lossandadropinwildlifespecies.Oncewidespreadin35U.S.statesandthreeCanadianprovinces,itisnowfoundonlyinsmallpocketsin10states.However,recentdatashowapositivechange.InsouthwesternNebraska’sLoessCanyons,thebeetlepopulationhasincreasedoverthelastdecade.Thisisthefirstregionalgrowthsincethebeetlewaslistedasendangeredin1989.ResearchersreportthisfindingintheJanuaryBiologicalConservation.CalebRoberts,aresearchecologist,callsthissuccessthebestresultinprotectingnature.“Theincreaseinbeetlenumbersisahopefulsignforthehealthofthesurroundinggrasslandecosystems,”hesays.Americanburyingbeetlescleanupdeadbodies,whichhelpsrecyclenutrients(营养物)intheenvironment.Thebeetlesneedcarcassesthatweighbetween100to200grams,roughlythesizeofasmallrabbit,tofeedthemselvesandtheiryoung.However,thenumberofsuitablecarcasseshasdroppedasmanyspeciesthatonceprovidedfood,suchasprairiedogsandpassengerpigeons,havedisappeared.From2007to2019,researchersstudiedbeetlepopulationsintheLoessCanyonsbyusingdeadlaboratoryratsasbait.Thedatashowedanincreaseof17%inbeetlenumbers,from168to196beetlesacrossalltraps.ThebeetlesstronglypreferNebraska’snativegrasslands,especiallywhentheseareasarefreefrominvasivetreeslikeeasternredcedar.Ifgrasslandscoverabout75%ofthearea,beetlepopulationsareexpectedtodouble.However,whentreecoverincreases,beetlenumbersdropalot.ThepositivetrendintheLoessCanyonsisduetoeffortsbyover100privatelandownerswhohaveworkedtorestoretheirgrasslandsbyreintroducingfiretocontrolcedartreegrowth.Thishashelpedreducetreecoverandcreatedamorediversehabitat,whichsupportsmorewildlife,includingthebeetles.12.WhatcanbelearnedaboutAmericanburyingbeetles?A.Theyusedtohavealargepopulation.B.Theycauseddamagetowildlifehabitat.C.TheyarethebesthunterinNorthAmerica.D.TheyarefoundonlyinCanadianprovinces.13.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.Deadbodiesharmnaturalenvironment.B.Thegrowthofgrasslandliesinthebeetle.C.It'sgoodpracticetogetclosetonature.D.Thebeetlesplayakeyroleinecosystems.14.Americanburyingbeetlesprefertolive__________.A.intherainforest B.inthegrasslandC.onthefarmland D.ontheleafyisland15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThePastYearsSeeaChangeinWeatherB.AFarmWasBuiltfortheBuryingBeetleC.AThreatenedInsectIsMakingaComebackD.TheLoessCanyonsAreHometoAllBeetles【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了美国葬甲数量下降后，在特定地区出现积极增长的消息，介绍了相关研究数据、生态意义、数量变化的原因以及背后的保护努力。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“TheAmericanburyingbeetle(葬甲)hasseenitspopulationnotablyfallduetohabitat(栖息地)lossandadropinwildlifespecies.Oncewidespreadin35U.S.statesandthreeCanadianprovinces,itisnowfoundonlyinsmallpocketsin10states.(美国葬甲的数量因栖息地丧失和野生动物物种减少而显著下降。这种甲虫曾经广泛分布于美国35个州和加拿大3个省，如今却仅在10个州的小范围内能见到它们的踪迹)”可知，美国葬甲曾经广泛分布于美国35个州和加拿大3个省，说明它们过去的数量很多。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Americanburyingbeetlescleanupdeadbodies,whichhelpsrecyclenutrients(营养物)intheenvironment.(美国葬甲以清理动物尸体为生，这有助于促进环境中营养物质的循环)”可推知，葬甲在生态系统中承担着重要的角色——促进物质循环，对生态平衡至关重要。故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“ThebeetlesstronglypreferNebraska'snativegrasslands,especiallywhentheseareasarefreefrominvasivetreeslikeeasternredcedar.Ifgrasslandscoverabout75%ofthearea,beetlepopulationsareexpectedtodouble.(这种甲虫非常偏爱内布拉斯加州的原生草原，尤其是当这些区域没有像东部红雪松这样的入侵树种时。如果草原覆盖面积达到该区域的75%左右，葬甲的数量有望翻倍)”可知，美国葬甲尤其偏爱内布拉斯加州的原生草原，尤其是没有入侵树种的草原区域。这直接表明它们更喜欢生活在草原中。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“TheAmericanburyingbeetle(葬甲)hasseenitspopulationnotablyfallduetohabitat(栖息地)lossandadropinwildlifespecies.(美国葬甲的数量因栖息地丧失和野生动物物种减少而显著下降)”以及第二段中“However,recentdatashowapositivechange.InsouthwesternNebraska’sLoessCanyons,thebeetlepopulationhasincreasedoverthelastdecade.(然而，最近的数据显示了一个积极的变化。在内布拉斯加州西南部的黄土峡谷，甲虫的数量在过去十年中有所增加)”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了美国葬甲这一濒危物种的数量正在增加，C选项“AThreatenedInsectIsMakingaComeback(一种受威胁的昆虫正在回归)”能概括全文内容，适合作为标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Allkindsofpollutionandwastearedoingharmtotheearth.____16____.Soeveryonecandosomethingtohelptheenvironment.Hereareafewideas.Saveenergy.Firstofall,turnofftheunusedlightsintimeandconsiderusingenergy-savinglightbulbs(灯泡),whichcansavemuchelectricity.____17____.Forexample,youcantakeshortershowers.Also,turningoffthetapasyoubrushyourteethcansavemuchwater,too.____18____.Iftheplaceyouwanttogoisnotfaraway,pleaserideabikeinsteadofdrivingacar.Ridingseemstobeabetterchoice,becauseitcanhelpcutdowntheairpollution.Youcanalsochoosepublictransportation,suchastakingabusorsubway.Saynotowaste.____19____.Don’ttakemorethanyoucaneat.Growingfoodneedsmuchwork.Moreover,getlonglifeoutofthingsyouownbytakinggoodcareofthem.Ifsomethingisbroken,don’tjustthrowitaway.Youcantrytofixitoruseittomakesomethingelse.Usereusablethings.Whenyougoshopping,don’tuseapapergiftbag,becauseitisnotenvironmentallyfriendly.Disposable(一次性的)plasticandpaperbagscanpolluteoceansandthesoil.Theyarehardtobreakdown.____20____A.ThenuselesswaterB.ChoosegreentravelC.YoushouldeatlessfoodD.RideabiketoschoolorworkeverydayE.AreusableclothbagwillbeawisechoiceF.However,smallstepsadduptomakeabigdifferenceG.Theeasieststepyoushouldtakeistoavoidwastingfood【答案】16.F17.A18.B19.G20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要保护环境的一些方法。【16题详析】上文“Allkindsofpollutionandwastearedoingharmtotheearth.

(各种污染和废物对地球造成伤害。)”指出各种污染和废物对地球造成伤害。下文“Soeveryonecandosomethingtohelptheenvironment.(因此，每个人都可以做一些事情来帮助环境。)”指出每个人都可以做一些事情来保护环境，由此可知，上下文是转折关系，F项“但是，小步骤加起来有很大的作用”符合，指出我们可以做一些小事来保护环境，故选F。【17题详析】上文“Firstofall,turnofftheunusedlightsintimeandconsiderusingenergy-savinglightbulbs(灯泡),whichcansavemuchelectricity.(首先，及时关闭未使用的灯并考虑使用节能灯泡，这可以节省大量电力)”介绍了节约能量的一些方法，下文“Forexample,youcantakeshortershowers.

(例如，你可以进行较短时间的淋浴。)”举例子说明要节约用水，A项“然后使用更少的水”承上启下，符合语义，故选A。【18题详析】此处是本段小标题，根据下文“Iftheplaceyouwanttogoisnotfaraway,pleaserideabikeinsteadofdrivingacar.Ridingseemstobeabetterchoice,becauseitcanhelpcutdowntheairpollution.Youcanalsochoosepublictransportation,suchastakingabusorsubway.(如果你想去的地方不远，请骑自行车而不是驾驶汽车。骑行似乎是一个更好的选择，因为它可以帮助减少空气污染。你也可以选择公共交通工具，例如乘公共汽车或地铁)”可知，本段主要建议要绿色出行，B项“选择绿色出行”符合语义，能概括本段内容，故选B。【19题详析】下文“Don’ttakemorethanyoucaneat.(不要拿超过你能吃的食物)”指出要避免浪费食物，G项“你最简单的步骤是避免浪费食物”符合语义，引起下文，故选G。【20题详析】上文“Whenyougoshopping,don’tuseapapergiftbag,becauseitisnotenvironmentallyfriendly.Disposable(一次性的)plasticandpaperbagscanpolluteoceansandthesoil.Theyarehardtobreakdown.

(当你去购物时，不要使用纸质礼品袋，因为它不环保。一次性塑料和纸袋会污染海洋和土壤。它们很难分解)”指出不要用纸质礼品袋和一次性塑料以及纸袋，要使用布袋，E项“可重复使用的布袋将是明智的选择”符合本段主题“Usereusablethings.(使用可重复使用的东西。)”，故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。VirginiaSquierchaperoned(陪伴)agroupofmiddleschoolstudentsonatourofEngland.She___21___alongherdaughter,Chambers,whowaseightyearsoldatthetime.Thatday,Squier,herdaughterandtheschoolgroupjustgotoffthetrainintheLondonUndergroundandstoodonaplatform(站台)getting___22___toheadtotheirnextdestination.Itwas5pmandthestationwas___23___.SquiertookholdofChambers’handandbegan___24___herstudents.Justthen,a___25___arrivedattheplatform.“___26___,mydaughterletgoofmyhand,jumpedonthetrain,andthedoorsbeganto___27___,”Squiersaid.“Asthetraingathered___28___,Iranalongsidetryingtoforcethedooropen.Ontheothersideoftheglass,Icouldseemydaughter’s___29___face.”Thelast___30___SquiersawbeforethetrainpulledoutofthestationwasChamberscrying.Behindher,ayoungman___31___fromhisseatandstartedmovingtowardChambers.Shocked,Squier___32___aworkeratthestationforhelp,butshefoundtheworkerwasnotanativeEnglishspeaker,whichmadeexplaininghersituation___33___.About10minuteslater,oneofherstudentsshouted,“She’sback!”Theyoungmanonthetrainsawwhathadhappened.HecomfortedChambersand___34___heroffthetrainatthenextstop.Theythen___35___anothertrainheadedbacktohermother.21.A.looked B.worked C.sang D.brought22.A.ready B.willing C.nervous D.messy23.A.cold B.artistic C.crowded D.empty24.A.praising B.counting C.lecturing D.protecting25.A.train B.taxi C.car D.bus26.A.Finally B.Slowly C.Suddenly D.Naturally27.A.close B.open C.break D.shake28.A.force B.heat C.power D.speed29.A.frightened B.satisfied C.interested D.bored30.A.event B.sight C.accident D.race31.A.escaped B.retired C.cried D.rose32.A.referredto B.pickedup C.turnedto D.wokeup33.A.orderly B.acceptable C.joyous D.difficult34.A.pushed B.guided C.watched D.greeted35.A.booked B.missed C.boarded D.stopped【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.A26.C27.A28.D29.A30.B31.D32.C33.D34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Squier带着8岁女儿Chambers和学生们在伦敦地铁站时，女儿突然跳上即将关闭的列车，幸得好心乘客帮助，在下一站下车并安全返回。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她带着当时8岁的女儿Chambers同行。A.looked看；B.worked工作；C.sang唱歌；D.brought带来。根据上文“VirginiaSquierchaperoned(陪伴)agroupofmiddleschoolstudentsonatourofEngland.”可知，Squier是在陪同中学生到英国旅游时，带着自己的女儿同行。故选D。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天，Squier、她的女儿和学校的学生们刚从伦敦地铁下了车，站在站台上准备前往下一个目的地。A.ready准备好的；B.willing愿意的；C.nervous紧张的；D.messy凌乱的。根据上文“stoodonaplatform(站台)”和下文“headtotheirnextdestination”可知，他们一行人是站在地铁站台上，准备前往下一个目的地，短语getreadytodo意为“准备做某事”。故选A。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时是下午5点，车站里挤满了人。A.cold寒冷的；B.artistic艺术的；C.crowded拥挤的；D.empty空的。根据上文“Itwas5pm”及生活常识可知，下午5点是地铁出行的高峰期，车站里应该是挤满了人。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Squier抓住Chambers的手，开始数她的学生。A.praising赞美；B.counting数数；C.lecturing讲课；D.protecting保护。根据上文“VirginiaSquierchaperoned(陪伴)agroupofmiddleschoolstudentsonatourofEngland.”和“Thatday,Squier,herdaughterandtheschoolgroupjustgotoffthetrainintheLondonUnderground”可知，他们一行人是在外旅游，此时在地铁站台上，身为陪同人员的Squier应该是数她的学生，确保没有人走失。故选B。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，一辆列车到站了。A.train列车；B.taxi出租车；C.car汽车；D.bus公交车。根据下文“mydaughterletgoofmyhand,jumpedonthetrain”可知，Chambers跳上了列车，因此是一辆列车到站了。故选A。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“突然，我的女儿放开了我的手，跳上了列车，车门开始关闭，”Squier说。A.Finally最后；B.Slowly慢慢地；C.Suddenly突然地；D.Naturally自然地。根据上文“SquiertookholdofChambers’hand”和下文“mydaughterletgoofmyhand,jumpedonthetrain”可知，原本Squier抓着Chambers的手，Chambers放开Squier的手，跳上列车应该是突然间发生的事。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“突然，我的女儿放开了我的手，跳上了列车，车门开始关闭，”Squier说。A.close关闭；B.open打开；C.break打破；D.shake摇晃。根据下文“Iranalongsidetryingtoforcethedooropen”可知，Squier试图强行打开车门，因此车门是开始关闭。故选A。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着列车加速，我跑到旁边，试图强行打开车门。A.force力量；B.heat热量；C.power权力；D.speed速度。根据下文“beforethetrainpulledoutofthestation”可知，后来列车驶出车站，结合生活常识可知，地铁列车等乘客上去后会慢慢加速，驶出车站，短语gatherspeed意为“加速”。故选D。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在玻璃的另一边，我可以看到我女儿害怕的脸。A.frightened害怕的；B.satisfied满意的；C.interested感兴趣的；D.bored无聊的。根据下文“Thelast______SquiersawbeforethetrainpulledoutofthestationwasChamberscrying.”可知，列车驶出车站前，Chambers在哭泣，因此Squier看到的是她害怕的脸。故选A。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Squier在列车驶出车站前看到的最后一个景象是Chambers在哭泣。A.event事件；B.sight景象；C.accident事故；D.race比赛。根据下文“Chamberscrying”可知，Chambers在哭泣是Squier看到的最后一个景象。故选B。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她身后，一个年轻人从座位上站起来，开始向Chambers走去。A.escaped逃脱；B.retired退休；C.cried哭泣；D.rose起身。根据下文“fromhisseatandstartedmovingtowardChambers”可知，原本坐着的年轻人是从座位上站起来，再向Chambers走去，短语risefrom意为“从……站起来”。故选D。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Squier震惊了，她向车站的一名工作人员求助，但她发现这名工作人员的母语不是英语，这让她很难解释自己的处境。A.referredto提到；B.pickedup捡起，学会；C.turnedto转向，求助于；D.wokeup醒来。根据下文“aworkeratthestationforhelp”可知，Squier是向车站的一名工作人员求助，短语turntosb.forhelp意为“向某人求助”。故选C。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Squier震惊了，她向车站的一名工作人员求助，但她发现这名工作人员的母语不是英语，这让她很难解释自己的处境。A.orderly有序的；B.acceptable可接受的；C.joyous快乐的；D.difficult困难的。根据上文“theworkerwasnotanativeEnglishspeaker”可知，这名工作人员的母语不是英语，因此Squier很难解释自己的处境。故选D。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他安慰Chambers，并引导她在下一站下车。A.pushed推；B.guided引导；C.watched观看；D.greeted问候。根据上文“HecomfortedChambers”可知，年轻人安慰Chambers，他很友善，因此会引导坐错车的她在下一站下车。故选B。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他们登上了另一辆开往她母亲的列车。A.booked预订；B.missed错过；C.boarded登上；D.stopped停止。根据上文“About10minuteslater,oneofherstudentsshouted,“She’sback!””可知，Chambers在年轻人的帮助下坐车回来了，因此两人是登上了另一辆开往她母亲的列车。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。QingmingFestivalisatraditionalChineseholiday___36___(observe)torememberancestors(祖先)andhonourthedead.FallingaroundearlyApril,Qingminghasgreatcultural___37___(important)inChinesesociety.The___38___(tradition)ofQingmingFestivalwerenotformedovernight;instead,theycamefromtheColdFoodFestivalandasadstoryaboutJieZitui,afollowerofDukeWenfromthestateofJinduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.WhenDukeWenwasinexile(流放),JieZituihelpedhimsurvive.Wenwassomovedthathepromised___39___(reward)Jieoneday.However,Jiewasnotthetypeofperson___40___soughtrewards.Later,Wenbecametherulerandrewardedhisfollowers.However,JieZituirefusedanyrewardandmovedtoamountain.WhenWen___41___(eventual)discoveredJie’swhereabouts,heorderedhisarmytosettheforestonfire,forcingJieout.Whenthefirestopped,Jie___42___(find)deadunderaburntwillowtree.Inmemory___43___Jie,WenannouncedthatnofiresshouldbelitonthedayofJie’sdeathandpeopleshouldeatcoldfood,___44___(give)risetotheColdFoodFestival.Atfirst,onlythestateofJinfollowedthiscustom,butlater,____45____festivalspreadacrossChina.【答案】36.observed37.importance38.traditions39.toreward40.who/that41.eventually42.wasfound43.of44.giving45.the【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。