陕西省西安市长安区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期第一次质量检测英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省西安市长安区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期第一次质量检测英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.Whatistheman’smainreasonforbuyinganelectriccar?A.Thelowrunningcost. B.Theenvironmentalprotection. C.Thegovernment’sfinancialsupport.2.Howdoesthemansound?A.Confused. B.Hesitant. C.Curious.3.WhydidMrs.Jonesmakethephonecallthismorning?A.Toscheduleameeting. B.Toshareherdecision. C.Togetsomeinformation.4.Whatisthepurposeofthe“greenpoints”system?A.Toreduceappusage. B.Topromotegreentravel. C.Tosellmorebustickets.5.Whyisthewomansurprisedaboutthepackage?A.Itarrivedquickly. B.Itcostalot. C.Itwasmisplaced.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdoesthemandecidetodofirst?A.Signupforayearlymembership.B.Bookapersonaltrainingsession.C.Choosethemonthlymembershipplan.7.Whatisthecostofasinglepersonaltrainingsession?A.$25. B.$30. C.$250.8.Whatisincludedinthemembership?A.Accesstogroupclasses. B.Adiscountonyearlyplans. C.Freepersonaltrainingsessions.9.Whatcanweinferabouttheman?A.Heisnewtofitnesstraining.B.Heisonlyinterestedingroupclasses.C.Heprefersflexibilityinthemembership.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatistheman’sfirstpieceofadviceforthewoman?A.Settingoffatherownspeed. B.Wearingahelmetatalltimes. C.Exploringdifferentroutes.11.Wheredoesthemannormallygocycling?A.Alongthecoast. B.Inthenearbypark. C.Inthemountains.12.Whatisthelongestdistancethemanhascycled?A.50kilometers. B.100kilometers. C.150kilometers.13.Whydoesthemanenjoygrouprides?A.Theyhelpbreakhiscyclingrecord.B.Theygivehimasenseofbelonging.C.Theyusuallyinvolveintensecompetition.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.Whyisthedogsenttothetrainingschool?A.Heneedstolearnsomenewskills.B.Hehasbeenactinginanoddway.C.Heistroubledbyhisvisionproblem.15.HowwillSophiegettoherclassroomtoday?A.Withthehelpofhersister. B.Byrelyingontheman. C.Undertheguidanceofadog.16.WhatwillSophieneedtodotoday?A.Goshopping. B.Trainadog. C.Takeatest.17.WhoisprobablyMr.Andrew?A.Sophie’steacher. B.Sophie’shairdresser. C.Sophie’sdoctor.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whoisthespeakertalkingtoprobably?A.Workers. B.Students. C.Employers.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutvolunteerjobs?A.Theyarebeneficialtothevolunteers.B.MostofthemareofferedinAutumn.C.Schoolsarebadlyinneedofvolunteers.20.Whatisthespeakerrecommending?A.Aschool. B.Acompany. C.Ajobwebsite.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyou’reheadingforyournearestbranchofWaterstones,thebiggestbookretailerintheUK,insearchoftheDuchessofSussex’snewchildren’sbookTheBench,youmighthavetobepreparedtohuntaroundabit,thesamemaybetrueofThePresident’sDaughter,thenewthrillerbyBillClintonandJamesPatterson.BothofthesebooksarepublishednextweekbyPenguinRandomHouse(PRH),acompanycurrentlyinvolvedinastand-offwithWaterstones.Theproblembeganlatelastyear,whenPRHconfirmedthatithadintroducedacreditlimitwithWaterstones“ataverysignificantlevel”.ThetrademagazineTheBooksellerreportedthatWaterstonesbranchmanagerswerebeingtoldtoremovePRHbooksfromprominentareassuchastables,displayspacesandwindows,andwere“quietlyretiringthemtotheirrelevantsections”.PRHdeclinedtocommentontheissue,butaspokespersonforWaterstonestoldme:“WaterstonesarecurrentlyoperatingwithreducedcredittermsfromPRH,theonlypublisherintheUKtoplaceanylimitationsonourabilitytotrade.WearenotboycottingPRHtitlesbutwearedoingourutmosttoensurethatavailabilityforcustomersremainsgooddespitetheloweroveralllevelsofstock.”“Wearehopefulwithourshopsnowopenagainthatnormalitywillreturnandthatwewillbeallowedtobuyappropriately.Certainly,ourshopsareexceptionallybusy.ThesalesforourMayBooksoftheMonthsurpassedanymonthsince2018.”Inthemeantime,PRHauthorshavebeenthelosers.Big-namePRHauthorsmaysufferabit,butit’sthosemid-listauthors,whonormallyrelyonWaterstonesstaff’spassionforpromotingbooksbylesser-knownwriters,whowillbeprayingforanendtothedispute.ItcomesatatimewhenauthorsarealreadyworriedabouttheconsequencesoftheproposedmergerbetweenPRHandanotherbigpublisher,Simon&Schuster—thereductioninthenumberofunalignedUKpublishersislikelytoleadtofewerbiddingwars,loweradvances,andmoreconformityintermsofwhatispublished.“Thisisallpartofawiderchangetowardsconcentrationofpower,”saysliteraryagentAndrewLownie.“Thepublishingindustrytalksaboutdiversityintermsofauthorsandstaffbutitalsoneedsapluralityofwaysofdeliveringintellectualcontact,choiceanddifferentvoices.Afterall,manyofthemostinterestingbooksinrecentyearshavecomefromsmallpublishers.”Weshallseewhetherthatpluralityisacasualtyofthecurrentneedamongpublisherstobebigenoughtotakeonall-comers.21.TheauthormentionstwobooksinParagraph1topresent________.A.anongoingconflict. B.anintellectualconcept.C.aprevailingsentiment. D.aliteraryphenomenon.22.WhatmessagedoesthespokespersonforWaterstonesseemtoconvey?A.Theirstockisunderestimated. B.Theircustomersremainloyal.C.Thebookmarketisratherslack. D.Thecreditlimitwillberemoved.23.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestrepresentsLownie’sview?A.Smallpublishersoughttosticktogether.B.Bigpublisherswilllosetheirdominance.C.Thepublishingindustryishavingahardtime.D.Themergerofpublishersisaworryingtrend.BScientistsatFinland’sAaltoUniversityhavefoundthatusingartificialintelligence(AI)almostremovesandreverses(逆转)theDunning-Krugereffect,aphenomenonthatpeoplewhoaren’tverygoodatagiventaskareoverconfident,whilepeoplewithhighabilitytendtounderestimatetheirskills.Theirresearchshowedthatwhenusingcommonchatbotstosolveproblems,everyone(regardlessoftheirskilllevel)tendedtoputtoomuchfaithinthequalityoftheanswers,withthemostexperiencedAIusersdoingsothemost.Inthestudy,scientistsgave500subjectslogicalreasoningtasks,withhalfallowedtouseChatGPT.BothgroupswerelaterquizzedonboththeirAIliteracyandhowwelltheythoughttheyperformed,andpromisedextrarewardsiftheyassessedtheirownperformanceaccurately.Thereasonsbehindthefindingsarevaried.BecauseAIuserswereusuallysatisfiedwiththeiranswerafteronlyonequestionorprompt(提示),acceptingtheanswerwithoutfurthercheckingorconfirmation,theycanbesaidtohaveengagedinwhatRobinWelsch,anAaltoUniversitycomputerscientist,calls“cognitive(认知)offloading”—exploringthequestionwithreducedreflection,andapproachingitinamore“shallow”way.Suchlessengagementinourownreasoningmeanswebypasstheusualfeedbackprocessofcriticalthinking,whichreducesourabilitytoassessourperformanceaccurately.EvenmorerevealingwasthefactthatwealloverestimateourabilitieswhenusingAI,regardlessofourintelligence,withthegapbetweenhigh-andlow-skillusersreducing.Thestudyowedthistothefactthatlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)helpeveryoneperformbettertosomedegree.Meanwhile,theAaltoteamwarnedofseveralpotentialimpactsasAIbecomesmorewidespread.Firstly,metacognitiveaccuracyoverallmightsuffer.Withoutreflectingonresults,errorcheckingordeeperreasoning,weriskweakeningourabilitytosourceinformationreliably,thescientistssaidinthestudy.What’smore,theflatteningoftheDunning-KrugerEffectwillmeanwe’llallcontinuetooverestimateourabilitieswhileusingAI,withthemoreAI-literateamongusdoingsoevenmore—leadingtoanincreasedclimateofmiscalculateddecision-makingandadropintheirskills.24.WhatdidAaltoUniversityresearchersdiscoveraboutAIchatbotuse?A.Low-abilityusersbecamelessconfident.B.ItstrengthenedtheDunning-KrugerEffect.C.Usersgenerallyover-trustedthechatbot’sanswers.D.Onlybeginnersoftenthoughthighlyoftheirabilities.25.Whichaspectoftheresearchisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thepurpose. B.Theprocess. C.Thesubjects. D.Thefindings.26.Whydotheusersoftenoverestimatetheirabilities?A.LLMs’aidimprovesusers’taskperformance.B.Usersoftenskiptheprocessofcriticalthinking.C.AItoolscontributetousers’metacognitiveaccuracy.D.Thegapbetweenhigh-andlow-skillAIusersisbridged.27.Whatwillbeprobablytalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.RegulationsfornarrowingAIusers’skillgap.B.Guidelinesforsourcinginformationreliably.C.Methodsforpreventingusers’cognitivedecline.D.Tipsforimprovingthesubjects’performance.CTimeissomethingwefeeleveryday—rushingtoschool,glancingatwatches,countingdownminutes.Yet,surprisingly,modernphysicsstrugglestoexplainwhytimemovesforwardatall.Einstein’stheoryofrelativitydescribestimeaspartofafixed4Dspacetime,wherepast,present,andfuturecoexistlikepagesinabook.Quantummechanics(量子力学)doesnotnaturallytreatstimeasspecial—manyprocessescouldrunbackwardjustaswell.Sowheredoestime’sflowcomefrom?Agroundbreakingperspectivewasproposedin1983byscientistsPageandWootters.Theyproposedthattimeisanillusion(幻觉)createdbyquantumentanglement(纠缠).Theyenvisionedtheuniverseasatimelessquantumstate.Whenonepartactsasa“clock”andbecomesentangledwiththerest,timeseemstoemerge—justlikepagenumbershelpusreadastoryinorder.Experimentalsupportisaccumulating.Ina2024study,scientistscreatedamodelusingentangledquantummagnetsandaspring.Theentiresystemwasstatic(静态的),yetthespring’sstatechangedovertimerelativetotheclock,demonstratinghowtimemightarisefromentanglement.Butwhatcouldserveastheuniverse’srealclock?ItalianphysicistPaolaVerruccipointstoblackholes.Theyareisolated,highlyenergetic,and—thankstoHawkingradiation—canentanglewiththeoutsideworld.“It’saperfectclock,”shesays.“Youcan’ttouchit,butyoucanbelinkedtoit.”Morestrikingly,Verrucciarguestime’sdirectionmaycomefromquantummeasurement.Eachtimeweobservereality,possibilitiescollapseintofacts—aone-wayprocess.“Youcreatetime,”shesays,“whenyouaskwhattimeitis.”Thisviewtransformsourrolefrompassivewitnessesoftimetoactiveparticipants.Timemaynotbeapre-existingrivercarryingus,butastoryweco-writethroughourinteractionswithaquantumuniverse.28.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph1?A.Thetheoryofrelativityviewstimeasindependentofspace.B.Modernphysicscanexplainwhytimemovesforwardeasily.C.Quantummechanicsspeciallyfocusesonthestudyoftime.D.Ourunderstandingoftimevariesfromphysicsperspectives.29.Whydidthescientistscreatethemodel?A.Toexplainthequantumentanglement.B.Tosupportatimelessquantumstate.C.Toshowhowtimecomesfromentanglement.D.Toconfirmtimeexistsinastaticuniverse.30.WhichviewpointmightVerrucciagreewith?A.Hawkingradiationgeneratedtime. B.Thereisnoidealclockinuniverse.C.Observingtimehelpstocreatetime. D.Timeexistedasariverbeforehumans.31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Topresentthehistoryofquantummechanics.B.Toexploretheoriginoftimefromquantumlinks.C.Tocompareacoupleofknownspacetimetheories.D.Toillustratetechnologyofquantumentanglement.DTheLouisCreekValleyinBritishColumbiaisgreenwithDouglasfirs(花旗松),butJoeGilchrist,afirekeeperand30-yearfirefighter,seesdangerfirst.“Over100yearssinceburningwasbanned,treeshaveovergrown,”heexplains.“Deadtreesandfallenbranchesaddtofuel.Amajorfireiswaiting.”Untilthe1860s,theSecwepemcpeoplewereregularlysettingsmallfiresinspringandfall.Theseburnsclearedundergrowthsafely,preventingcrownfiresthatjumpbetweentreetops.“Megafires(特大火灾)justweren’tpossible,becausetheforestitselfwasbiodiverse,”saysGilchrist.“Itwasn’tasingle-speciesstandoftreesthataretooclosetogether,tooover-aged,andwithlotsoffuelontheground.”Thispracticewascommonacrosspre-ColumbianAmericas.Europeansettlersdescribeditindiariesaswastefulbutnow,expertsseethattheyknewwhattheyweredoing.LoriDaniels,aprofessoroftheUniversityofBritishColumbia,hasmatchedfirescarsontreeringswithnativeoralhistory,findingevidenceoftherepeatedlow-scaleburning.OnetreeinTobaccoPlainssurvived52fires,butfire-scarringsceasedinthe19thcenturywhensettlersbannedtraditionalburning.“AfterWorldWarII,firecontroltechnologyimproved,butforestsbecameweakerasfuelcollected.65%-85%oftoday’streesgrewafternativeburningstopped,”saysDaniels.“Thethickforestsweseeexistbecausefireswerecontrolledfordecades.”Now,climatechangehascreatedaterrifyingnewnormal.Hottertemperatures,drierconditions,andincreasedfuelhaveturnednorthernforestsintofiretraps.In2023,Canadianfiresburnedover37millionacres,releasingabout647millionmetrictonsofcarbondioxide.Someforestsmayneverrecover,andrepeatedbigfirescouldturnthemintograsslands.Worse,northernpermanentfrozensoilholdshugecarbon;asglobalwarmingmeltsit,firestherecanburnformonths,releasingcarbontrappedforthousandsofyearsandpushingEarthtowardaclimatetippingpoint.AsexpertFlanniganwarns,“We’reonadownwardpath.Untilweaddresstherootcause—ourrelianceonfossilfuels—warmingandfireswillworsen.There’snowayaroundit.”32.WhydoesJoeGilchristseedangerfirstintheLouisCreekValley?A.Forestsarebeingcutdown. B.Toomuchfirefuelexists.C.Climatebecomesextremelydry. D.Deadtreesarenotclearedtimely.33.WhatdoesProfessorLoriDaniels’sresearchdemonstrate?A.Nativeburningwasrandomlyarranged.B.Nativeburningburntdownmostoftheforests.C.Nativeburningwasonceaneffectivepractice.D.NativeburningwasrecordedbyEuropeansettlers.34.Whichisamentionedconsequenceoflarge-scaleforestfires?A.Balanceofclimatesystem. B.Controloffuelaccumulation.C.Meltingofpermanentfrozensoil. D.Reductionofforests’carbonstorage.35.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NativeWisdom:KeytoPreventingForestFiresB.ClimateChange:RootofAllForestDisastersC.FromControlledBurnstoMegafires:AForestCrisisD.FireControlTechnology:ASolutiontoForestFires第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouhaveeverfeltliketheoddoneout,themisunderstoodartist,ortherebel(叛逆者)withoutacauseinyourfamily,youhavelikelywornthe“blacksheep”title.Thetermisnotjustacatchyphrasebutalivedexperienceformany.___36___Beingtheblacksheepcancomewithitsshareofpsychologicalchallenges.Onemayfeelleftout,misunderstoodandevenrejected.Luckily,therearewaystohealfromachildhoodspentastheblacksheep.Beginbyembracingyourindividuality.Youneedtorecognizethatyourdifferencesarenotweaknessesbutstrengths.___37___Andthereisenormousvalueinthat.So,celebrateyourdistinctpathandallthequalitiesthatsetyouapart.Settinghealthyboundariesiscrucialtoyourrelationship.Itisokaytosayno,todistanceyourselffromnegativeenergy,andtochooseyourownwell-being.___38___Plus,you’dbetterfindacommunityoflike-mindedindividuals,whichcanprovidegreatsupport.Sharingexperiencesinanunderstandingenvironmentcanberemarkablyhealing.___39___Still,sometimes,theimpactofgrowingupastheblacksheepcanbeintense,affectingone’smentalhealthandrelationships.___40___Therapyprovidesasafespacetoexploreyourfeelings,understandthedynamicsthatshapedyourrolewithinthefamily,anddevelopstrategiestomoveforwardinahealthyway.A.Youruniqueviewpointsandchoicesdefinewhoyouare.B.Therefore,reconciling(和解)withyourfamilyshouldbeyourgoal.C.Afterall,therearemanyfolksouttherewhocanrelatetoyourjourney.D.Thisiswhyisolatingyourselftoavoidfurtherpainisacommonreaction.E.Thishelpsprotectyourmentalhealthandstrengthenyoursenseofself-worth.F.Insuchcases,seekingtheguidanceofahealthprofessionalcanbeinvaluable.G.Thisroleistypicallyassignedtosomeonewhogoesagainstthefamily’sexpectations.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。OgnjenKrnetiéisaranger(护林员)intheprotectedareaoftheGradacRiverGorge(峡谷)andamemberoftheGradacEnvironmentalSociety.HehasspentdecadesmakingsurethatGradac____41____thatway.Hegrewupinafamilythatprotectednaturebeforeitevenbecameaprofession.Thisfamilytraditionofresponsibleuseofnatureand____42____forestandwaterledOgnjentothejobhedoestoday—

heisthemanwhomakessuretheGradacRiverwillkeep____43____forhischildrentoenjoy.Inrecentyears,Gradachasfallenvictimtoitsown____44____.Whenmoreandmorepeoplebeganto____45____natureescapesnearcities,thegorgehasexperiencedtheentryof____46____intoitsprotectedareas:unauthorizedcamping,firesstartedwhereitis____47____,andswimmingspotscrowdedwithbathers.Despiteall____48____,thelocalcommunityremains____49____tothevisionofkeepingGradaccleanandlifeful.Theproject“NaturalMeasuresforEcologicalGradac”ispartofthecommunity’seffortto____50____thevariouschallengestheriverfaceswithsmart,nature-basedsolutions.ForOgnjenKrnetiéandlocalresidentslivingnearGradac,eachofthese____51____ismorethantypicalnatureconservation—itisawayto____52____apartoftheiridentityandfamilytradition.Itisalsoa(n)____53____forthechildrenwhorunalongtheshoresofGradactodaytobringtheirown____54____tothesamerivertomorrow,underthesamewillowtrees,and____55____say,“Youknowyoucandrinkthewaterstraightfromtheriverhere.”41.A.works B.forms C.stays D.stretches42.A.gettingonwith B.makinguseof C.keepingcontactwith D.takingcareof43.A.clean B.quiet C.calm D.colourful44.A.pollution B.responsibilities C.popularity D.location45.A.avoid B.seek C.permit D.change46.A.visitors B.animals C.opponents D.victims47.A.admired B.prohibited C.expected D.ignored48.A.disasters B.efforts C.difficulties D.possibilities49.A.addicted B.opposed C.exposed D.committed50.A.address B.analyze C.create D.record51.A.challenges B.measures C.traditions D.barriers52.A.preserve B.illustrate C.integrate D.adapt53.A.routine B.opportunity C.alternative D.way54.A.workmates B.parents C.friends D.children55.A.willingly B.gently C.proudly D.simply第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheMilkyWayformedaround13.5billionyearsago,butit'snotpossibletotravelbackintimetoseeexactlyhowit___56___(happen).StudiesoftheGalaxy'sancientstarsoffersomeclues,asdosimulations(模拟),___57___theobservablelightfromourhomegalaxy(星系)wasemitted(发出)toorecently___58___(enable)astronomerstoexamineitsbeginningsdirectly.OnewayaroundthisproblemistostudyothergalaxiesthatresembletheMilkyWay.MowlausedobservationsfromtheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST)toinvestigate___59___distantgalaxywithamassthatmatchestheexpectedmassoftheMilkyWay___60___(short)afteritsformationintheearlyuniverse.Whenastronomersobservedistantgalaxies,theyseelightthatwasemittedbillionsofyearsago,becauseittakestime___61___lighttotravelacrossspacetotheirtelescopes.___62___(earth)distancefromsuchfar­awaygalaxies,andthushowlongagotheirlightwasemitted,canbemeasured,thankstotheconstant___63___(expand)oftheuniverse.Aslightjourneysacrossthevastnessofspace,itswavelengthisstretchedalongwiththeexpandingfabricofspace,___64___(make)itseemredderthanitwaswhenitwasemitted.Andthechangeinthewavelength___65___(determine)bythedistancethelighttravelsandtheageoftheuniverseatthetimeofemission.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）66.你校英语社团举办主题为“LaborShapesUs”演讲活动,请你以上周参与的一次校园食堂帮厨劳动实践，写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：1.具体劳动过程；2.你的劳动感悟。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。LaborShapesUs____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。OnanearlyrainyNovembermorning,theskywasstilldark.EdColeman,atruckdriverfromSappBrothersPetroleum,wasdrivingalong