重庆部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1重庆部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVolunteertourism,whichcombinestravelwithcommunityservice,hasgrowninpopularityamongglobaltravelersseekingmeaningfulexperiences.TheTelegraphrecentlyfeaturedthreeshort-termvolunteerprogramsfocusedonculturalheritagepreservationidealforthosewantingtocontributewhileexploringnewdestinations.Herearekeydetails:ProgramNameLocationDuration&ScheduleCoreDutiesProgramFee(perperson)TempleRestorationProjectLuangPrabang,Laos2weeks(Mon-Fri:8:30-11:30,14:00-17:00)Assistwithminortemplerepairs;documentancientmurals$650IndigenousCraftRevivalOaxaca,Mexico3weeks(Tue-Sat:9:00-16:00,breaksincluded)Teachbasicdigitalskills;helprecordcrafttechniques$820OralHistoryCollectionKyoto,Japan1week(Wed-Mon:10:00-18:00,1dayoff)Translateinterviews;organizetraditionalstoryarchives$580AdditionalInformation:Accommodation:Allprogramsincludestayswithlocalfamilies(2-3volunteersperhousehold),providingculturalimmersion.Inclusions:Programfeescoveraccommodation,dailymeals,andlocaltransportationduringworkhours.Flightsandtravelinsuranceareexcluded.Requirements:Noprofessionalskillsneeded,butbasicconversationalEnglishisrequired.Apassionforculturalpreservationisessential.ApplicationDeadline:For2025summerprograms,applicationsmustbesubmittedbyMarch31,2025.SuccessfulapplicantswillbenotifiedbyApril15.Thisselectionaimstohighlightprogramsthatprioritize“responsibleengagementratherthanone-sidedassistance,”asnotedbyTheTelegraph’straveleditor.Eachprojectisco-designedwithlocalcommunitiestoensurelong-termbenefits.1.HowmanyhoursdoesavolunteerworkperweekintheTempleRestorationProject?A.20hours. B.25hours. C.30hours. D.35hours.2.Whatisamustforthoseapplyingforthevolunteerprograms?A.FluentEnglishforformalinterviews.B.Previousvolunteerexperienceintravel.C.Professionalskillsinculturalpreservation.D.Astronginterestinprotectingculturalheritage.3.Whatdothethreeprogramshaveincommon?A.TheyarelocatedinAsiancountries.B.Theircoredutyistotranslateinterviews.C.Theirprogramfeesincludeflightsandinsurance.D.Theyaredevelopedincooperationwithlocalcommunities.BManyyearsago,mydadwasfacingaseriousheartcondition.Hewasunabletodoasteadyjob.Hesuddenlyfellillandhadtobeadmittedtothehospital.Hewantedtodosomethingtokeephimselfbusy,sohedecidedtovolunteeratthelocalchildren’shospital.Mydadlovedkids.Itwasaperfectjobforhim.Heendedupworkingwiththeseriouslyillchildren.Hewouldtalk,play,anddoartswiththem.Oneofhiskidswasagirlwithararediseasethatparalyzed(使瘫痪)herfromtheneckdown.Shecouldn’tdoanything,andshewasverydepressed.Mydaddecidedtotrytohelpher.Hestartedvisitingherinherroom,bringingpaints,brushesandpaper.Hestoodthepaperup,putthepaintbrushinhismouthandbegantopaint.Hedidn’tusehishandsatall.Allthewhilehewouldtellher,“See,youcandoanythingyousetyourmindto.”Attheendoftheday,shebegantopaintusinghermouth,andsheandmydadbecamefriends.Soonafter,thelittlegirlwassenthomebecausethedoctorsfelttherewasnothingelsetheycoulddoforher.Mydadalsoleftthechildren’shospitalforalittlewhilebecausehebecameill.Sometimelateraftermydadhadrecoveredandreturnedtowork,incamethelittlegirlwhohadbeenparalyzedandonlythistimeshewaswalking.Sheranstraightovertomydadandhuggedhimreallytight.Shegavehimapictureshehaddoneusingherhands.Atthebottomitread:“Thankyouforhelpingmewalk.”Mydadwouldcry,everytimehetoldusthisstoryandsowouldwe.Hewouldsaysometimesloveismorepowerfulthandoctors,andmydad—whodiedjustafewmonthsafterthelittlegirlgavehimthepicture—lovedeverysinglechildinthathospital.4.Whydidtheauthor’sfatherworkatthelocalchildren’shospital?A.Tomakehisseriousheartconditionlessserious. B.Tokeephimselfoccupiedandpleased.C.Torealizehischildhooddream. D.Toearnmoneytopayfortreatment.5.Howdidtheauthor’sfatherhelptheparalyzedgirl?A.Hehelpedherpracticewalking. B.Hevisitedherandmadeatoyforher.C.Heshowedherthatshecouldstilldothings. D.Hepaintedspecialpicturesforher.6.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheparalyzedgirlaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Sheeventuallybecameauniquepainter.B.Shewassenthomeandneverseenagain.C.Shegraduallyrecoveredandwalked.D.Shesenttheauthor’sdadapicturepaintedwithhermouth.7.Whatmessagedoesthepassagemainlyconvey?A.It’sbettertogivethantoreceive. B.Asickpersonshouldnotfocusonhisdisease.C.Volunteeringisaworthwhilethingtodo. D.Lovecansometimesbringgreatresults.CScientistshavedevelopedavirtualbrainnetworkthatcanpredictthebehaviorofindividualneurons(神经元)inalivingbrain.Thismodelisbasedonthevisualsystemofafruitfly,allowingscientiststoquicklytestideasonacomputerbeforeconductingtime-consumingexperimentswithactualfliesorotherlabanimals.SriniTuraga,agroupleaderattheJaneliaResearchCampus,partoftheHowardHughesMedicalInstitute(HHMI),explained,“Now,wecanbeginwithanassumptionabouthowthefruitflybrainmightfunctionbeforetakingexperimentalmeasurements.”PublishedinthejournalNature,thisresearchalsosuggeststhatenergy-intensiveartificialintelligence(AI)systemscouldconsumesignificantlylesspowerbyadoptingcomputationalstrategiesfoundinlivingbrains.Thefruitflybrain,withonlyaround100,000neurons,is“smallandenergy-efficient”,accordingtostudyco-authorJakobMacke,aprofessorattheUniversityofTübingen.Despiteitssize,thefruitflycanperformarangeofcomplextasks,includingflying,walking,detectingpredators(捕食者),andmating.Incontrast,modernAIsystemsoftenrelyoncomputerswithbillionsoftransistors(晶体管)andconsumeasmuchenergyasasmallcountry.BenCowley,acomputationalneuroscientistatColdSpringHarborLaboratory,believesthatborrowingcomputationalmethodsfromthefruitflybraincouldmakeAIsystemsmorepower-efficient.Thisvirtualbrainnetworkwasmadepossiblebymorethanadecadeofresearchonthestructureofthefruitflybrain,largelysupportedbyHHMI.Usingdetailedmapsofthebrain’sneuronsandconnections,theresearchteamcreatedamodelimitatingthefruitfly’svisualsystem.Thevirtualnetwork,composedof64typesofneurons,analyzedvideoclipsofdifferenttypesofmovement,andanAIsystemwasusedtostudytheneuronresponses.Thismodelaccuratelypredictedtheactivityofneuronsinboththevirtualandrealfruitflybrains,offeringavaluabletoolforbothneuroscienceandAIresearch.Futureversionsofthemodelcouldextendbeyondthevisualsystemtoincludemorecomplextasks.8.Whatisthebasisofthevirtualbrainnetworkmodel?A.Thehumannervoussystem. B.Thefruitfly’svisualsystem.C.Labanimal’sbehavior. D.AnadvancedAIsystem.9.Whyisthefruitflybraindescribedasenergy-efficient?A.Itcontrolsvisualprocesses. B.Itusesbillionsoftransistors.C.Itfunctionswithoutconsumingenergy. D.Itperformscomplextaskswithfewerneurons.10.WhatcanAIlearnfromthefruitflybrain?A.IncreasingAIenergyconsumption. B.PredictingAIresponses.C.MakingAIsystemsmoreefficient. D.ImprovingAIaccuracy.11.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureofthemodel?A.Itmaybeexpandedtoadditionaltasks. B.Itwillrequiremoreenergytooperate.C.Itwillbelimitedtovisualtasks. D.Itwillreplaceactualfruitflyinresearchsettings.DTherearebetween6and8basichumanemotions,orsomosttheoriessuggest.PsychologistPaulEkmanlistsjoy,sadness,anger,fear,disgust,andsurprise,whilepsychologistRobertPlutchikaddstrustandanticipationtothemix.Thesebasicemotionscanbecombinedinmultipleways–forexample,fearplusjoy,thecombinationoftwocontrastingemotions,createsexcitement.Considerthefeelingofwaitinginlineforarollercoasterride:yourheartraceswithbothfearandjoy.Emotionscanmixorcontrastmuchlikecoloursinart.Primarycolourssuchasred,yellow,andbluecombinetoformnewshadeslikeorange,green,orpurple.Whenthesemixfurther,wegetin-betweentonessuchasred-orangeoryellow-orange,oftengivenmorevividnameslikescarletoramber.In1962,Plutchikwentsofarastoarrangehiseightprimaryemotionsonawheel,inspiredbythecolourwheel,placingcontrastingemotionsoppositeeachother(joyoppositesadness;surpriseoppositeanticipation).Eachprimaryemotionhasthreelevelsofintensity.Joy,forinstance,canrangefromserenityatlowintensity,tojoy,andfinallytoecstasyatitspeak.Angercansimilarlyrangefrommildannoyance,throughangeritself,tofull-blownrage—theemotionalequivalentoffire-enginered.The‘spaces’betweenprimaryemotionsarefilledbymixturesoftwoemotions:joycombinedwithtrustproduceslove(muchlikeredandyellowmakeorange),whilefearandsurprisetogethercancreateawe.AlthoughPlutchik’s‘WheelofEmotions’maybesomewhatsimplistic,itunderscoresthatemotionsexistalongaspectrum(光谱),varyinintensity,andoftenoccurincomplexcombinationsratherthanasisolatedstates.Justasanartistcarefullybringstogetherdifferentshadeswhencreatinganartwork,ourlives,too,areshapedbyemotionalcombinations.Byconsciouslyaddingmorepositiveemotions—likeserenity,acceptance,andinterest—wenotonlyincreaseourcapacityforjoy,optimism,andlove,butwecanalsosoftentheintensityofthelessfavourableemotionsthatweexperienceinlife.Emotionscanhijackourminds.Theyprepareusforaction,andtheyneighbourourperception.Buttheyalsorevealwhatmatterstousmost.[…]Thebasicemotions—anger,fear,sadness,disgust,surprise,andhappiness—areuniversal,recognisableacrossculturesandevenspecies.Theyareshort-lastingbutpowerful,automaticresponsesthathelpusdealwithoursocialworld.Butwealsodevelopcomplexemotionsthatmixthesebasicones.Andimportantly,wecanlearntorecognisethemicro-expressionsandtinyhintsonpeople’sfacestounderstandtheiremotionalstates.Thisisnotjustuseful—itcarriesmoralsignificance.Beingemotionallyliterateincreasesourcapacityforunderstanding,andpeacefulcoexistence.Emotionalawareness,then,isnotonlyaboutcontrolbutaboutconnection.—PaulEkman,EmotionsRevealed12.Whydoesthewritermentioncolourtheory?A.Toexplainhowartistsuseemotionintheirwork.B.ToillustratetheprinciplebehindtheWheelofEmotions.C.Toshowthatcolourscanexpressfeelingsbetterthanwords.D.Tocompareartisticandscientificwaysofunderstandingemotions.13.WhichstatementismostprobablytrueaccordingtoPlutchik’stheoryofemotions?A.Loveisoneofthemostimportantemotions.B.Oppositeemotionscanhardlyhappentogether.C.Acceptancecanbeamixtureofbasicemotions.D.Primaryemotionsoccuratafixedlevelofintensity.14.HowdoesthewritercommentonPlutchik’stheoryofemotions?A.Itfailstoconnectemotionswithreal-lifeexperiences.B.Itdownplaysemotionalcomplexitybutconveysakeyidea.C.Itprovidesadetailedandscientificexplanationofemotions.D.Itfocusesmoreonartisticimagerythanonemotionalreality.15.WhatdoesPaulEkmanmeanby“Emotionscanhijackourminds”?A.Emotionsarecreatedbyexternalevents.B.Emotionsareseparatefromourthoughts.C.Emotionscanmomentarilytakecontrolofus.D.Emotionscanbecontrolledthroughlogicalthinking.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeoplehavefallenintothehabitofneglectingtoexpressgratitudetoothersandfailingtotakemomentstoappreciatetheinvisibleyetwonderfulaspectsoflife.____16____However,thereareseveraleffectivetipstohelpcultivateahabitofgratitude.Practicemindfulness.Itishighlybeneficialforexpressinggratitude,asitenablesindividualstofullyengagewithandappreciatethepresentmoment,accordingtoMichelleMaidenberg,atherapistinprivatepracticeinHarrison,NewYork,whoalsoteachesagraduatecourseinMindfulnessPracticeatNewYorkUniversity.____17____Keepagratitudejournal.____18____Theideaisthatyou’llgetinthehabitofnoticingthosethingsyouappreciatemoreregularlythroughoutthedayandmorefrequently.____19____Noticethethingsthatarearoundyouthatareimportanttoyouormeetyourvalues.Forexample,ifyoulovenature,takeaminutetoenjoywhenthesunisout.Giveback.Practicinggratitudecanalsobegivingbackthroughcharityworkandserviceforothers.Gratitudeisn’tjustaboutspeaking,it’sinthedoing.Oneexampleistolookforthegoodthatcancomeoutofacrisis,suchascollectingsuppliesforpeopleaffectedbyahurricane.Reframe.Reframingyourmindsetisapowerfulwaytobringmoregratitudeintoyourlife.____20____Forexample,insteadofsayingorthinking“Ihavetogotoworktoday,”reframeitas“Igettogotoworktodayandusemyskillsandtalents.”A.Sopracticingmindfulnesscanhelp.B.Writeathank-younotetosomeoneeveryweek.C.Takethetimetoappreciatewhatyoutrulyenjoy.D.Towardtheendofthedaywritedownyourdailygratitude.E.Andyoudothisbychangingthewayyouspeakorthewayyouthink.F.Avoiddiscussingnegativeexperiencestofocusonlyonpositivethings.G.Thislackofappreciationharmsrelationshipsandblockslife’ssmallpleasures.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。InaremotevillageinZambia,whereroadsseemtostretchendlesslybeforereachingthenearesttown,aclassroomisfilledwiththeenergyofitsyounglearners.Thedesksarebasic,thebooksare___21___,andtheroomiscrowdedbeyondcapacity—butsomething___22___ishappeninghere.Andrew,a38-year-oldteacher,has___23___hisunder-resourcedandovercrowdedclassroom.StudentsinAndrew’sclasstravel5to15kilometerseachdaytoattendhislessons.Thedaily___24___reflectsthebroaderbarriersto___25___inZambia,whereover800,000primaryschool-agedchildrenareoutofschool.Andrew___26___toletthesebarrierslimitthepotentialofthe___27___younglearnerswhomakethedailyjourneytohisclassroom.Drawingfromlocalculture,he___28___traditionalgames—likeskippingrope.These___29___helpedchildrenunderstandnumbersanddevelopfoundationalskillsin____30____ways.Atthesametime,he____31____supportfromtheschooladministrationandfellowteachers,evenusinghisownfundstoobtainessentialteachingmaterials.____32____todevelopingasenseofprofessionalismand____33____amongteachers,AndrewandhiscolleaguesprintedT-shirtsdecoratedwith“Catch-UpProgramTeacher”.Itwasasmallbutpowerful____34____thatreinforcedtheiridentityasteachersdedicatedtotransforminglearningoutcomes.Oneofhisstudents____35____Andrew’simpactbest:“MymotheraskedmewhyIgotoschool.Ireplied,tobecomejustlikemyteacherwhenIgrowup.”21.A.inappropriate B.insufficient C.inexpensive D.incredible22.A.extraordinary B.shocking C.urgent D.amusing23.A.decorated B.equipped C.occupied D.transformed24.A.struggle B.exercise C.schedule D.choice25.A.transportation B.education C.communication D.accommodation26.A.managed B.tended C.refused D.threatened27.A.determined B.straightforward C.generous D.talented28.A.appreciated B.named C.included D.created29.A.beliefs B.missions C.instructions D.activities30.A.attractive B.complex C.typical D.abstract31.A.withdrew B.secured C.confirmed D.ignored32.A.Contrary B.Committed C.Sensitive D.Addicted33.A.humour B.justice C.pride D.relief34.A.lesson B.organization C.routine D.gesture35.A.gotover B.benefitedfrom C.summedup D.broughtabout第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ShiGuangquan:ProtectorofLingyinLabaFestivalCustomsBorninMarch1961,ShiGuangquan,aChinesefolkartist,hasspentallhislifepreservinganddevelopingthe____36____(tradition)LabaFestivalcustoms.In1989,hebecameamonkatFaguangTempleinHaimen,Jiangsu,and____37____(begin)learningtherituals(宗教仪式)andcookingskillsofthetemple’sLabaFestival—anancientfestivalcelebratingharvest,andcommunitykindness.Duringthetime____38____helivedintempleslikeLonghuainShanghaiandGuangfuinChongming,hecontinuedtopracticeandleadthesecustoms.In2007,ShijoinedLingyinTempleinHangzhouasthemainleaderof____39____temple,whereheactivelypromotedthecustoms.Heintroducedafreeticketpracticeforthetempleduringthefestival,____40____(allow)localpeopletojointhecelebrations.Moreimportantly,hemadeabiggroupactivityofgivingoutLabaporridgetocitizens,turningthetemple____41____animportantcentreforcommunitywarmth.____42____(keep)thetraditionalive,heworkedwithhisteamtocreatenewworkplaces,suchasinteractiveworkshops,mixingoldritualswithmodernlife.Shi’s____43____(effort)havemadeLingyin’sLabaFestivalafamousprovincialintangible(非物质的)culturalheritage,____44____(list)in2017.Hisworkshowshowtraditionalculturecanremainlivelyandhavemeaningfortoday.Byconnectingthepastandpresent,hehashelpedpeopleunderstandthevalueofpreservingtheirculturalroots,makingthefestivalnotjustaritual,_____45_____alivingpartofcommunitylife.第四部分写作(共三节，满分40分)第一节单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)根据首字母，填入必修二unit3和unit4中所学的单词，每空限填一个形式正确的单词。46.TheInternethasbroughttoomuchc________toourlives.(根据首字母单词拼写)47.Iamsureeveryonewillb________alotfromthisactivi