2026海上风电在小岛屿发展中国家能源安全中的新兴作用报告（英文版）

TheEmergingRoleof

OffshoreWindforEnergySecurityinSmallIsland

DevelopingStates

THEEMERGINGROLEOFOFFSHOREWINDFORENERGYSECURITYINSMALLISLANDDEVELOPINGSTATES

PAGE:1//10

Foreword

AmishaPatel,

ExecutiveDirectorGOWA

Theimpactsofprolongedfossil-fuel

dependencyandageopoliticallychangingworldmakethecaseforrenewableenergytransitionhardtoignore.Wind,sun,andotherrenewableenergysourcesprovideanopportunityforcountriestostrengthenenergysecurity,reduceexposuretofossil-fuelpricevolatilityandsupporteconomicresilience.Reliableandaffordableenergysystemsalsocreatetheconditionsfor

broadereconomicdevelopment.

Foremerginganddevelopingeconomies,accesstoaffordablefinancetoadvance

bothrenewableprojectsandrelated

infrastructurecanbeachallenge.ThisisalsothecaseforSmallIslandDevelopingStates(SIDS),whoseenergysystemsoftenfacehighgenerationcostsduetolimiteddomesticrelianceonfuelimportsand

outdatedinfrastructure.

Despitethesechallenges,SIDShave

alreadydemonstratedastrong

commitmenttoadvancingtheirenergy

transitions,havingproactivelyestablishedpolicyandregulatoryconditions,

andcelebratedsomefirstsuccessesinrenewableenergydeployment.Tofurtheradvancethistransitionat

scale,SIDSneedstrongregionaland

internationalpartnershipsthatcanhelpaddresssystemicbarrierstofinance,

supportfeasibilityassessmentsandgridinvestment,strengthensupplychains,andfacilitateaccesstoknowledgeandexperiencefrommorematuremarkets.

ManySIDShavestrongoffshorewind

resourcesandcouldbenefitfrom

implementingahighcapacitytechnologythatdoesnotcompeteforscarceland.

That’swhysomegovernmentsarealreadylookingtooffshorewindasalong-term

optionalongsideotherrenewables.Whilstthetransitionwilllookdifferentacross

SIDS,theysharetheopportunitytobuildmoresecureandresilientenergysystems,andtheneedtoaddressconcreteactionsinplanning,supplychainandfinancetocontinuecourseintheenergytransition.

Thispublicationhighlightsthe

opportunitiesoffshorewindcanbringtoSIDSandthekeyissuesthatneedtobe

addressedinthecomingyearstoenablelong-termdeployment.ThePre-COP31’sfocusontheneedsofPacificnations

providesanimportantplatformtodiscussandactonthesepriorities.AspartoftheCOPActionAgenda,GOWAstandsreadytosupportcountriesandtheinternationalcommunityinacceleratingoffshore

wind’scontributiontoclimateactionandtheenergytransition.

PhotocourtesyofUnsplash,Artist:MatheoJbt

THEEMERGINGROLEOFOFFSHOREWINDFORENERGYSECURITYINSMALLISLANDDEVELOPINGSTATES

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SmallIslandDevelopingStates(SIDS)face

structuralchallengesintheirenergysystems,

includinghighelectricitygenerationcosts,

limitedlandavailabilityandrelianceonvolatile,importedfuels.Offshorewind,combinedwith

otherrenewableandocean-basedtechnologies,canhelpimproveelectricitycosts,reduceimportexposure,strengthenresilienceandsupport

energyandwatersecurity.Long-termplanningandcollaborationbetweenislandgovernmentsandinternationalfinanceandimplementationpartnersisessentialtocreatetheconditionsforoffshorewindtobecomeaviableoption.

PhotocourtesyofAdobeStock,Artist:DBER

THEEMERGINGROLEOFOFFSHOREWINDFORENERGYSECURITYINSMALLISLANDDEVELOPINGSTATES

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WhytheenergytransitionisimportantforSIDS

The39SmallIslandDevelopingStates(SIDS)arehometoover65millionpeopleandhold

over16%oftheworld’sexclusiveeconomic

zones.1SIDScontributelessthan1%toglobalGHGemissionsandinmostcases,percapitaemissionsarelowerthanglobalaverage.2

Despitetheirhistoricallylowemissions,SIDShaveshownconsistentcommitmenttoclimategoals,giventheirvulnerabilitytotheimpactsofclimatechange.

ForSIDS,thecaseforthegreateruseofnaturaloffshorerenewableenergypotentialextendsbeyondclimateaction.Ithasthepotentialtoreducepersistentdependenceonimported

fossilfuels,strengthenenergyandwatersecurity,supportelectrificationandbuildeconomicresilience.

Energysecurityandindependence

Fossilfuelsmakeuparoundthree-quartersoftheenergymixinSIDS,andinsomecountries,relianceonimportedfossilfuelsforelectricitygenerationisasmuchas90%.3SIDSreport

someofthehighestelectricitypricesinthe

world.Fossilfuelsubsidiesaddburdento

publicfinances,whilstimportsabsorblimitedforeigncurrencyreservesandincrease

relianceoninternationaldevelopmentsupport.Inaddition,manySIDSfaceconstraintsin

accessingaffordabledevelopmentfinance.

Reducingfossilfueldependencethroughthedeploymentofrenewabletechnologiescan

strengthenSIDS’independenceandfreefundsforinvestmentsinclimateadaptation.4

Fossilfueldependencealsohaswider

implicationsforotherkeyeconomicsectors,includingtourism,agriculture,fisheries

andtransport:Reliableaccesstofossil

fuelsdependsonseamlesssupplychains,portsandstorageinfrastructure.Therefore,

disruptionstothissupplychain,inducedby

geopoliticalorextremeweatherevents,can

leadtodisruptioninenergyservices.Followingthe2026crisisintheStraitofHormuzand

compoundedbyacyclone,severalPacific

islandsexperiencedblackoutsduetofuel

shortages.TuvaluandtheMarshallIslands

declared,respectively,astateofemergency

andaneconomicemergency.5InMay2026,

concernsoverfuelshortagesandrising

pricespromptedPacificislandstoinvokethe

BiketawaDeclaration“tosupportacoordinatedregionalresponsetotheemergingenergycrisisaffectingthePacificregion”.6Jointongoing

monitoringandaligningtechnicaladvice

acrosssectorsispredictedtohelpcountriesadjusttotheeconomicimpactsofthecrisis.

Watersecurity

Watersecurityisalsoimpactedbyarelianceonfossilfuels.InsmallarchipelagicislandslikeSaintVincentandtheGrenadines,wherethereislimitedfreshwaterresourceandno

“ForSIDS,harnessing

vastoffshorewind

andoceanrenewable

energyresourcesoffers

anopportunitytostrengthen

energysecurity,buildresilienceanddrivelong-term,sustainabledevelopment.

Throughstronginternational

partnershipsandaccesstoblended

finance,wecanturnourrenewable

potentialintolastinginfrastructureforresilientenergysupplyandbuildthe

Pacific’snet-zerofuture.”

RonaldMeketa

PacificSeniorEnergyOfficialsChair;

ManagingDirectoroftheNationalEnergyAuthorityandNationalClimateChangeBoardChairman,PapuaNewGuinea

1.UnitedNations(n.d.),SmallIslandDevelopmentStates(SIDS)–

LINK

.

2.Haveaetal.(2024),WindandsolarenergyinSmallIslandDevelopingStatesformitigatingglobalclimatechange,iScience–

LINK

.

3.UNDP(2024,AdvancingaJustEnergyTransitioninSIDS,PolicyPaper–

LINK

4.UNDP(2024),AdvancingaJustEnergyTransitioninSIDS,PolicyPaper–

LINK

;IRENA(2024),Smallislandstatesatacrossroads:Thesocio-economicsoftransitioningtorenewables–

LINK

;UnitedNations(n.d.),SmallIslandDevelopmentStates(SIDS)–

LINK

.

5.UNNews(2026),MiddleEastconflictchokesendofsupplychainaslightsgooutinthePacific(15.April2026)–

LINK

.

6.PacificIslandsForum(2026),Release:ForumLeadersInvokeBiketawaDeclaration–

LINK

.

THEEMERGINGROLEOFOFFSHOREWINDFORENERGYSECURITYINSMALLISLANDDEVELOPINGSTATES

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rivers,communitiesrelyonthetransportofpotablewaterbyboat,rainwaterharvestinganddesalination.

Desalinationplantstypicallydependon

importeddiesel,whichcanbecostly,and

vulnerabletofuelpricefluctuationsand

weather-relateddisruptions.Thisfurther

underscorestheimportanceofrenewable

energy-powereddesalinationandother

resilientwatermanagementsolutions.Whilstfossilfueloptionshavebeenperceivedas

morereliable,challengesaroundcostanddependencyposethreatstooverallsupplyreliability.Anestimated71%ofSIDSfacetheriskofwatershortagewhichincreasesto91%inareaswithlowestaltitudesiftheyremainfossil-fueldependent.7Maintainingenergyservicesforcriticalinfrastructure,enabledbyreliablegenerationanda

resilientpowergrid,isthereforeakeypriorityformanySIDSgovernments.

PhotocourtesyofUnsplash,Artist:JaredRice

Economicresilience

Althoughrenewableenergysystemscan

requirehigherupfrontinvestmentsthan

fossilfuel-basedpowerplants,theyareoftenmorecost-effectiveoverthemediumand

long-term.Byusinglocalrenewableenergy

sources,SIDScanstrengthenthereliability

andindependenceoftheirenergysupply,

supportingbotheconomicresilienceand

energysecurityamidstshiftsinglobal

markets.8Jobcreationmayalsobecomepartofthesuccessstory,withNationallyDeterminedContributions(NDC)-alignedimplementationofonshorewindandsolarPVestimatedto

create10000jobsinSIDSby2030.9

AccordingtoIRENA,electrificationwillbe

themainstructuraldriverbehindtheglobal

declineoffossilfuelsacrossbuildings,

transportandindustry;supportedbythe

enhancementofrenewableelectricity,grid

infrastructureandenergyefficiency.For

example,electricvehicleshavemuchhigherefficiencycomparedtotheirfossilfuel

counterpartsandcanhelpreduceprimary

energydemandwhilstcuttingemissions.Thisshifttowardselectrificationalsopresentsan

opportunityforSIDStomeetgrowingenergydemand,forinstancefromportelectrification,electricferries,andtransportingeneral;andcontributetoreducingpollution.

Adiversifiedenergymix

SIDShavealreadymadeprogressinexpandingrenewableenergy.Between2014and2025,

renewablesinSIDSgrewfrom3.4GWto11.2GW,agrowthofapproximately230%.10SolarPV

deploymentaccountsformostofthisgrowth,withonshorewindalsoplayingaminorrole.

Asrenewableenergyexpands,however,

utilityscalePVandwindpowerplantsmay

facelandavailabilitychallengesinSIDS

duetocompetingdemandsforhousing,

agriculture,tourism,infrastructureand

natureconservation.Thischallengeisalso

commonlyfacedindenselypopulatedcoastalcitiesofdevelopedeconomies.Toovercome

thesechallenges,scalingrenewableenergy

mayrequirecountriestolookbeyondonshorerenewablesandconsidertheuseofoffshoretechnologiesaspartoftheirrenewableenergydeploymentstrategies.

7.UNESCO(2023),Smallislands:meetingthechallengesoffreshwaterresilience–

LINK

.

8.IRENA(2024),Smallislandstatesatacrossroads:Thesocio-economicsoftransitioningtorenewables–

LINK

.

9.IRENA(2024),Smallislandstatesatacrossroads:Thesocio-economicsoftransitioningtorenewable–

LINK

.

10.IRENA(2026),RenewableCapacityStatistics2026–

LINK

.IRENA(2026),SIDSLighthousesInitiativeAnnualProgressReport2025-2026–

LINK

.

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Offshorewindcanformpartofthese

strategiesandenableSIDStoaccesshigh-qualitywindresourceswithoutplacing

additionalpressureonscarceland.Wheretechnicallyandeconomicallyappropriate,itcanalsoprovidelarger-scalerenewablegenerationtocomplementsolarand

otherdistributedtechnologies.

Globally,offshorewindisnowamature

renewabletechnology,surpassingthe

thresholdof90GWofinstalledcapacity

worldwidein2025.11Advancesintechnology,includingfloatingfoundations,arealso

progressivelyexpandingtherangeoflocationsinwhichoffshorewindcanbeconsideredbyenablingdeploymentindeeperwaters.

Offshoretechnologiesare

gainingpoliticalmomentuminSIDS

Offshoretechnologies,includingoffshore

wind,aregainingpoliticalmomentuminbothnationalandregionalsettings.

Onaregionallevel,thePacificRegionalEnergy&TransportMinisters’MeetinginMay2026

recognisedthe“advancementofinnovative

solutionssuchasocean-basedrenewables”intheManubadaCalltoAction,andinitiatedthePacificRenewableOceanEnergyReadiness

Programme(PROERP),ledbyUNIDOand

thePacificCentreforRenewableEnergy

andEnergyEfficiency(PCREEE),toexplore

optionsforoceantechnologies’deployment,

includingoffshorewind.12Theprogrammewilladdressreadinessgapsamongstpacificislands

withinpolicyandregulation,knowledge

managementandawareness,qualificationandqualityinfrastructure,technology,investmentandmarketdevelopment.13InSeptember

2026,thePacificCommunity,PCREEEand

partnerslaunchedtheworkonidentifyinganinvestmentpipelinefora“100%RenewableBluePacific”atthe55thPacificIslandsForumLeadersMeeting.14

IntheCaribbean,the51stCARICOMSummit

recognisedthat“risingpricesweredominantconsumerconcerns,andthatinflation,drivenbyglobalshocks,includinggeopoliticalevents,wasalsoaffectingenergyandsupplychains.”15UndertheleadershipofCARICOM’sCaribbeanCentreforRenewableEnergyandEnergy

Efficiency(CCREEE),incollaborationwith

internationalpartners,theregionhasstartedbuildinganoffshorewinddeliverystrategy.16

WithintheAtlantic,IndianOceanandSouth

ChinaSea(AIS),SIDSmembersoftheIndian

OceanRimAssociation(IORA)havestarted

knowledgesharingincollaborationwithIRENAonoffshorerenewables.17

Atcountrylevel,PapuaNewGuinea,Saint

LuciaandTrinidadandTobagohavejoined

theGlobalOffshoreWindAlliancetostayon

topofmarketdevelopmentandcreatethe

baseforfuturedevelopmentswithintheirownwaters.18AndinDominica,publicinstitutionshavebegunexploringoffshorewind,includingthroughpreliminarystudiessupportedbytheWorldBank.19

Additionally,manySIDSparticipatedin

arecentsurveybytheSIDSLighthouses

Initiative,coordinatedandfacilitatedby

IRENA,whichfoundbroadinterestamongst

11.IRENA,COP31andGRA(2026),DeliveringontheUAEConsensus:Trackingprogresstowardtriplingrenewableenergycapacityanddoublingenergyefficiencyby2030–

LINK

.

12.Foliaki,K.(2026),StrengtheningOceanEnergyReadinessinthePacific–PresentationdeliveredatSeniorEnergyOfficialsMeeting(SEOM)of6thPacificRegionalEnergy&TransportMinistersMeeting(PRETMM6),4-5May2026.

13.Foliaki,K.(2026),StrengtheningOceanEnergyReadinessinthePacific–PresentationdeliveredatSeniorEnergyOfficialsMeeting(SEOM)of6thPacificRegionalEnergy&TransportMinistersMeeting(PRETMM6),4-5May2026.

14.PCREEEetal.(2026),100%RenewableBluePacificInvestmentProspectus(Livingdocument,retrieved02.10.2026)–

LINK

.

15.Caricom(2026),Communique.Fifty-firstRegularMeetingoftheConferenceofHeadsofGovernmentoftheCaribbeanCommunity,

LINK

.

16.CCREEE,AquateraandtheCarbonTrust(2024),CaribbeanOffshoreWind:Deliverystrategy;resourceandmarketanalysis;andfiveyearroadmap,

LINK

.

17.IRENA(2026),TowardsOceanEnergyReadinessinIndianOceanRimAssociationMemberStates(YouTube)–

LINK

.

18.Sakellariou,N.,etal(2023),SettingthePathforWindEnergyGenerationinTrinidad&Tobago–

LINK

.

19.EnergiayMinas(2023),Direcciondeplanificationydesarrollo.Informedemonitoreoplanoperative–

LINK

.

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SIDSinexploringtheopportunitiesofoffshoretechnologies,thoughoffshorewindwasnot

perceivedasanear-termavailableoption.

Buildingrenewablesinharmonywithnature

Therichbiodiversityofislandecosystemsisnotonlyuniquebutalsosensitive

tochangesinitsenvironment.Whilst

theindustryisworkingonstrategiesto

minimiseimpact,20governmentscanenableresponsibleoffshorewinddeployment

withwell-developedMSPprocesses.Forallrenewables,principlessuchasthorough

sitingprocessesthatavoidhighlysensitiveareas,co-utilisationwithotheractivities

wherepossible,extendingthelifeof

designatedsitesforaslongastheyremainuseful,restoringsitesafteruse,andongoingmonitoringandadaptationcansupport

responsibledeployment.Consultationandcommunityparticipationarealsoessentialtobuildingpublicsupport;utilisinglocaltraditionalandscientificknowledgewill

contributetothelong-termsuccessandsustainabilityoftheproject.21

OffshorewindpotentialandfuturefeasibilityforSIDS

ManySIDSholdvasttechnicaloffshorewindpotential(Table1),buttheeconomicviabilityofthisresourceforindividualislandsystemshasyettobeproved.Offshorewindwillnot

beappropriateforeverySIDS,norshouldit

beconsideredinisolation.Itsrolewilldepend

onresourcepotential,electricitydemand,

evolvinggridcapacity,projecteconomics,

environmentalandsocialconsiderations,andaccesstoaffordablefinance.Assessingthis

feasibilityisastep-by-stepprocess.22

OffshorewindshouldthereforebeconsideredaspartofatechnologymixwhenSIDSdeveloplong-termenergyandinfrastructureplans.

Forislandstatesseekingtosubstantially

increaserenewableelectricitywhilstfacingfundamentalconstraintsonland,theoceanrepresentsanimportantextensionofthe

renewableenergyresourcebase.

Globally,technologicalinnovationand

economiesofscalehavecontributedtomassivepricedecreasesinrenewabletechnologies,andSIDSareexpectedtobenefitfromthisinthe

long-term.

Oneoftheocean-basedtechnologiesthathasreachedcommercialstateisfixed-bottom

offshorewind.23Forfixed-bottomoffshore

windprojectscommissionedin2025,theglobalweighted-averagelevelisedcostofelectricity

(LCOE)wasUSD78/MWh,representinga63%declinesince2010.Thereare,however,strongregionaldifferencesinprojectcosts,andcoststendtorisewithwaterdepths.24

Floatingoffshorewind,wheretheturbine

floatsbutisanchoredinplaceviadifferent

typesofmooringsystems,hasrecentlyseen

multipleGWtendersinEurope,25butstillfacessignificantbarrierstowardscommercialisationatscale.26Becauseapproximately70%ofSIDS’offshorewindpotentialislocatedinwaters

suitedtofloatingstructures,asshownin

Table1,thetotalbenefitsoffloatingoffshorewindmaynotberealiseduntilcostsdeclinefurtherbasedoncontinuedinnovationanddeploymentinotherregions.27

20.GlobalOffshoreWindAlliance(n.d.),Workinginharmonywithnature–

LINK

.

21.IRENA(2025),ExpertInsights:SixPrinciplestoEnsuretheEnergyTransitionIsinHarmonywithNature–

LINK

.

22.IRENA(2025),Pre-feasibilitySiteAssessment–

LINK

.

23.IRENA(2021),OffshoreRenewables.AnActionAgendaforDeployment.AContributiontotheG20Presidency–

LINK

.

24.IRENA(2026),Renewablepowergenerationcostsin2025–

LINK

.

25.IRENA(2026),Renewablepowergenerationcostsin2025–

LINK

;IRENA(2024),FloatingOffshoreWindOutlook–

LINK

.

26.GlobalOffshoreWindAllianceandCarbonTrust(2026),Whitepaper.Establishingfloatingoffshorewindasamainstreamenergysolution–

LINK

.

27.Sinha,S.(2026),World-first16MWtyphoon-resistantwindplatform–

LINK

;OffshoreWindBiz(2026),Japan’sFirstCommercialFloatingWindFarmEntersOperation–

LINK

.

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Table1:OffshorewindtechnicalpotentialofSmallIslandsDevelopingStates,1GWandabove,rounded.

Technicalpotentialdoesnotequalfeasibility.Source:WorldBankGroup(2021),GlobalOffshoreWind

TechnicalPotential:CountryLevelTechnicalPotentialforFixedandFloatingFoundations–

Link

.Thisdatasetislicensedunder

CreativeCommonsAttribution4.0(CCBY4.0)

.Tableshowsselectedcountriesfrom

datasetandroundedfigures.

TerritoryRegionFixedFloating

AntiguaandBarbuda

Caribbean

9

30

TheBahamas

Caribbean

98

60

Barbados

Caribbean

0.1

15

CaboVerde

Atlantic,IndianOceanandSouthChinaSea

4

22

Cuba

Caribbean

41

46

Dominica

Caribbean

0.1

4

DominicanRepublic

Caribbean

12

53

Fiji

Pacific

27

159

Grenada

Caribbean

4

24

Jamaica

Caribbean

20

30

MarshallIslands

Pacific

18

36

PapuaNewGuinea(EEZ)

Pacific

92

56

SolomonIslands

Pacific

1

5

SaintKittsandNevis

Caribbean

2

15

SaintLucia

Caribbean

0.9

7

SaintVincentandtheGrenadines

Caribbean

5

8

Suriname

Caribbean

14

22

Tonga

Pacific

9

118

TrinidadandTobago

Caribbean

3

30

VanuatuPacific291

ThistableillustratestheoffshorewindtechnicalpotentialofselectedSmallIslandDevelopingStates.Technical

potentialisbasedonwindspeed,arealimitsandwaterdepthanddoesnotequalpracticaloreconomicfeasibility,

whichisinfluencedandlimitedbymanyfactorsthatcanvaryinsizeandimpactacrosscountries.28Forinstance,

Irelandhasatheoreticalpotentialof48GWfixedbottomwindalone.Astudyfurthernarrowingdownthepotentialandtakingintoaccountfactorslikecost-effectivenessandselectedtechnicalconstraintsprovidesamorepractical

potentialofupto26GW(including8.3GWplannedcapacitypipeline).29ANationalDesignatedMaritimeAreaPlan(DMAP)thatfurtherqualifiessiteswasreleasedinSeptember2025.30

28.WorldBankESMAP(n.d.),OffshoreWindTechnicalPotential,AnalysisandMaps–

LINK

.

29.BVGAssociates(2025),OffshoreWindPotentialinIreland,AreportforDepartmentoftheEnvironment,ClimateandCommunications–

LINK

.

30.DepartmentofClimateEnergyandtheEnvironment(2025),NationalDesignatedMaritimeAreaPlan(DMAP)forOffshoreRenewableEnergy–

LINK

.

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Forexample,SIDScouldlearnfromearly

projectssuchasDenmark’sSamsø23MW

park,34ortheBlockIsland30MWWind

FarmintheUnitedStates,35notingthat

theseislandshaveamainlandgridlink.

ExperiencesofIreland,theUnitedKingdom

andSouthKorea’sJejuislandalsoprovide

examplesthatSIDScanbuildon,evenwhereapproachescannotbedirectlyreplicated.

Thesecountrieshavegatheredsignificant

experienceinprocesseslikeMSP.Given

theimportanceofmarineecosystemsand

biodiversitytoSIDS,suchprocesseshelp

governmentsplanoffshorewindresponsiblyandincoordinatedmannerwithotheruses

ofoceanspace,includingtourism,fisheries,

andoceanandcoastalprotection.MSPalso

includesmitigationpracticesandtechnologiestoreducetheimpactsonmarineecosystems.

Enablingconditionsfor

offshorewinddevelopment

Offshorewindprojectsrequiresufficient

pipelinevisibilitytocreateinvestmentsecurity.Developersthereforeneedgovernmentsto

communicateandcoordinateauctionschedulesthatjustifysupplychaininvestments.ForSIDS,theabilitytobuildandbenefitfromthese

supplychainscandependontheirproximitytolargermarketsandotherislands.Islands

locatedclosetootherislandsorcontinental

landmassesmaybebetterpositionedtobenefitfromsharedandoptimisedsupplychainsthanhighlyisolatednations.

WhilstmanySIDSgovernmentshaverepeatedlydemonstratedthepoliticalwilltoaddress

regulatoryhurdlestorenewablesdeployment,physicalinfrastructure,especiallypower

PhotocourtesyofShutterstock,Artist:NguyenQuangNgocTonkin

grids,isakeychallengethatrequiressupportfrominternationalpartners.InmanySIDS,theprioritywillnotsimplybegridenhancement

butestablishingintegratedplanningprocessesfromthebeginning.Bycombiningcentralisedgenerationwithdistributedsolutions,SIDS

canreducerelianceonlegacyinfrastructure

andsupporttheshifttowardsmoreresilient

andlowcarbonpowersystems.31Atthesame

time,manycountriesfacechallengestoaccessaffordablefinanceforgrids.32Thesefinancingandinfrastructureconstraintscanbeaddressedinpartthroughinternationalcollaboration.

Countriesandinstitutionswithrelevant

experienceinoffshorewindcanpartnerwithSIDSonknowledgeexchangeoninfrastructureandprojectdevelopment,andexploreavenuestomakefinancemoreaccessible.

ReflectingtheprioritiesoftheAntigua

andBarbudaAgendaforSIDS(ABAS)2024-

2034,33SIDSmayalsobenefitfromdeepeningexchangeswithotherislandsnations.

31.IRENA(2026),Electrificationwithrenewables–

LINK

;IRENA(2026),Transitioningawayfromfossilfuels:Aroadmappoweredbyrenewables,electrificationandgridenhancement–

LINK

.

32.GreenGridsInitiative(2025),ClimateFinancePrinciplestoUnlockGridFinancing–

LINK

.

33.UN-OHRLLS(2024),TheAntiguaandBarbudaAgendaforSIDS2024-2034.ChartingtheCourseTowardsResilientProsperity–

LINK

.

34.UNFCCC(n.d.),Samsø:AnIslandCommunityPointingtotheFuture–

LINK

.

35.Orsted(n.d.),BlockIslandWindFarm–