考研英语二2019年真题解析版含答案详解完形阅读翻译写作精讲可打印

2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）（科目代码：204）☆考生注意事项☆答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂2B铅笔填涂。考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。（以下信息考生必须认真填写）考生编号考生姓名SectionI UseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Weighingyourselfregularlyisawonderfulwaytostayawareofanysignificantweightfluctuations.1,whendonetoooften,thishabitcansometimeshurtmorethanit2.Asforme,weighingmyselfeverydaycausedmetoshiftmyfocusfrombeinggenerallyhealthyandphysicallyactive,tofocusing3onthescale.Thatwasbadtomyoverallfitnessgoals.Ihadgainedweightintheformofmusclemass,butthinkingonlyof4thenumberonthescale,Ialteredmytrainingprogram.ThatconflictedwithhowIneededtotrainto5mygoals.Ialsofoundthatweighingmyselfdailydidnotprovideanaccurate6ofthehardworkandprogressIwasmakinginthegym.Ittakesaboutthreeweekstoamonthtonoticesignificantchangesinyourweight7alteringyourtrainingprogram.Themost8changeswillbeobservedinskilllevel,strengthandincheslost.Forthese9,Istoppedweighingmyselfeverydayandswitchedtoabimonthlyweighingschedule10.Sinceweightlossisnotmygoal,itislessimportantformeto11myweighteachweek.Weighingeveryotherweekallowsmetoobserveand12anysignificantweightchanges.ThattellsmewhetherIneedto13mytrainingprogram.Iusemybimonthlyweigh-in14togetinformationaboutmynutritionaswell.Ifmytrainingintensityremainsthesame,butI’mconstantly15anddroppingweight,thisisa16thatIneedtoincreasemydailycaloricintake.The17tostopweighingmyselfeverydayhasdonewondersformyoverallhealth,fitnessandwell-being.I’mexperiencingincreasedzealforworkingoutsinceInolongercarrytheburdenofa18morningweigh-in.I’vealsoexperiencedgreatersuccessinachievingmyspecificfitnessgoals,19I’mtrainingaccordingtothosegoals,notthenumbersonascale.Ratherthan20overthescale,turnyourfocustohowyoulook,feel,howyourclothesfitandyouroverallenergylevel.[A]Besides[A]helps[A]initially[A]recording[B]Therefore[B]cares[B]solely[B]lowering[C]Otherwise[C]warns[C]occasionally[C]explaining[D]However[D]reduces[D]formally[D]accepting5.[A]modify[B]set[C]review[D]reach6.[A]definition[B]depiction[C]distribution[D]prediction7.[A]dueto[B]regardlessof[C]asidefrom[D]alongwith8.[A]orderly[B]rigid[C]precise[D]immediate9.[A]claims[B]judgments[C]reasons[D]methods10.[A]instead[B]though[C]again[D]indeed11.[A]track[B]overlook[C]conceal[D]report12.[A]dependon[B]approveof[C]holdonto[D]accountfor13.[A]share[B]adjust[C]confirm[D]prepare14.[A]results[B]features[C]rules[D]tests15.[A]bored[B]anxious[C]hungry[D]sick16.[A]principle[B]secret[C]belief[D]sign17.[A]request[B]necessity[C]decision[D]wish18.[A]disappointing[B]surprising[C]restricting[D]consuming19.[A]if[B]unless[C]until[D]because20.[A]obsessing[B]dominating[C]puzzling[D]triumphingSectionII ReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）Text1asainaofto–isintobeaInthepopularimagination,ofcourse,guiltstillgetsabadrap.Itisdeeplyuncomfortable–theemotionalequivalentofwearingajacketweightedwithstones.thisunderstandingisoutdated.“Therehasbeenakindofrevivalorarethinkingaboutwhatguiltisandwhatroleguiltcanserve,”saysAmrishaapsychologyresearcherattheUniversityofaddingthatthisrevivalispartofalargerrecognitionthatemotionsaren’tbinary–feelingsthatmaybeadvantageousinonecontextmaybeharmfulinanother.Jealousyandanger,forexample,mayhaveevolvedtoalertustoimportantinequalities.muchhappinesscanbedestructive.Andguilt,bypromptingustothinkmoredeeplyaboutourgoodness,canencouragehumanstomakeupforerrorsandfixrelationships.Guilt,inotherwords,canhelpholdacooperativespeciestogether.Itisakindofsocialglue.inthislight,guiltisanopportunity.byMalti,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofsuggeststhatguiltmaycompensateforanemotionaldeficiency.Inanumberofstudies,Maltiandothershaveshownthatguiltandsympathymayrepresentdifferentpathwaystocooperationandsharing.Somekidswhoarelowinsympathymaymakeupforthatshortfallbyexperiencingmoreguilt,whichcanreinintheirnastierimpulses.Andviceversa:Highsympathycansubstituteforlowguilt.Ina2014forexample,Maltilookedat244children.Usingcaregiverassessmentsandthechildren’sself-observations,sheratedeachchild’soverallsympathylevelandhisorhertendencytofeelnegativeemotionsaftermoraltransgressions.Thenthekidswerehandedchocolatecoins,andgivenachancetosharethemwithananonymouschild.Forthelow-sympathykids,howmuchtheysharedappearedtoturnonhowinclinedtheyweretofeelTheguilt-proneonessharedmore,eventhoughtheyhadn’tmagicallybecomemoresympathetictotheotherdeprivation.“That’sgoodnews,”Maltisays.“Wecanbeprosocialbecausewecausedharmandwefeelregret.”Researchersthinkthatguiltcanbeagoodthingbecauseitmayhelp .regulateachild’sbasicemotionsimproveaintellectualabilityfosterachild’smoraldevelopmentintensifyapositivefeelingsAccordingtoParagraph2,manypeoplestillconsiderguilttobe .deceptiveburdensomeaddictiveinexcusableholdsthattherethinkingaboutguiltcomesfromanawarenessthat .emotionsarecontext-independentemotionsaresociallyconstructiveemotionalstabilitycanbenefithealthanemotioncanplayopposingrolesMaltiandothershaveshownthatcooperationandsharing .mayhelpcorrectemotionaldeficienciescanresultfromeithersympathyorguiltcanbringaboutemotionalsatisfactionmaybetheoutcomeofimpulsiveactsTheword“transgressions”(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto .teachingsdiscussionsrestrictionswrongdoingsText2Forestsgiveusshade,quietandoneoftheharderchallengesinthefightagainstclimatechange.Evenaswehumanscountonforeststosoakupagoodshareofthecarbondioxideweproduce,wearethreateningtheirabilitytodoso.Theclimatechangewearehasteningcouldonedayleaveuswithforeststhatemitmorecarbonthantheyabsorb.Thankfully,thereisawayoutofthistrap–butitinvolvesstrikingasubtlebalance.Helpingforestsflourishasvaluable“carbonsinks”longintothefuturemayrequirereducingtheircapacitytoabsorbcarbonnow.Californiaisleadingtheway,asitdoesonsomanyclimateefforts,infiguringoutthedetails.TheproposedForestCarbonPlanaimstodoubleeffortstothinoutyoungtreesandclearbrushinpartsoftheforest.Thistemporarilylowerscarbon-carryingButtheremainingtreesdrawagreatershareoftheavailablemoisture,sotheygrowandthrive,restoringthecapacitytopullcarbonfromtheHealthytreesarealsobetterabletofendoffinsects.Thelandscapeisrenderedlesseasilyburnable.Evenintheeventofafire,fewertreesareconsumed.Theneedforsuchplanningisincreasinglyurgent.Already,since2010,droughtandinsectshavekilledover100milliontreesinCalifornia,mostofthemin2016alone,andwildfireshaveburnedhundredsofthousandsofacres.Californiaplanstotreat35,000acresofforestayearby2020,and60,000by2030–financedfromtheproceedsoftheemissions-permitauctions.onlyasmallshareofthetotalacreagethatcouldbenefit,abouthalfamillionacresinall,soitwillbevitaltoprioritizeareasatgreatestriskoffireordrought.Thestrategyalsoaimstoensurethatcarboninwoodymaterialremovedfromtheforestsislockedawayintheformofsolidlumberorburnedasbiofuelinvehiclesthatwouldotherwiserunonfossilfuels.NewresearchontransportationbiofuelsisalreadyunderStategovernmentsarewellaccustomedtomanagingforests,buttraditionallythey’vefocusedonwildlife,watershedsandopportunitiesforrecreation.Onlyrecentlyhavetheycometoseethevitalpartforestswillhavetoplayinstoringcarbon.California’splan,whichisexpectedtobefinalizedbythegovernornextyear,shouldserveasamodel.Bysaying“oneoftheharderchallenges,”theauthorimpliesthat .globalclimatechangemaygetoutofcontrolpeoplemaymisunderstandglobalwarmingextremeweatherconditionsmayariseforestsmaybecomeapotentialthreatmaintainforestsasvaluable“carbonsinks,”wemayneedto .preservethediversityofspeciesinthemacceleratethegrowthofyoungtreesstrikeabalanceamongdifferentplantslowertheirpresentcarbon-absorbingcapacityCalifornia’sForestCarbonPlanendeavorsto .cultivatemoredrought-resistanttreesreducethedensityofsomeofitsforestsfindmoreeffectivewaystokillinsectsrestoreitsforestsquicklyafterwildfiresWhatisessentialtoCalifornia’splanaccordingtoParagraph5?handletheareasinseriousdangerfirst.carryitoutbeforetheyearof2020.perfecttheemissions-permitauctions.obtainenoughfinancialsupport.Theauthor’sattitudetoCalifornia’splancanbestbedescribedas .ambiguoustolerantsupportivecautiousText3oftoanCongresshasobstructedeffortstocreateamorestraightforwardvisaforagriculturalworkersthatwouldletforeignworkersstaylongerintheU.S.andchangejobswithintheindustry.Ifthisdoesn’tchange,Americanbusinesses,communities,andconsumerswillbethelosers.PerhapshalfofU.S.farmlaborersareundocumentedimmigrants.Asfewersuchworkersenterthecountry,thecharacteristicsoftheagriculturalworkforcearechanging.Today’sfarmlaborers,whilestillpredominantlyborninMexico,aremorelikelytobesettledratherthanmigratingandmorelikelytobemarriedthansingle.They’realsoaging.Atthestartofthiscentury,aboutone-thirdofcropworkerswereovertheageof35.Nowmorethanhalfare.Andpickingcropsishardonolderbodies.Oneoft-debatedcureforthislaborshortageremainsasimplausibleasit’sbeenallalong:NativeU.S.workerswon’tbereturningtothefarm.Mechanizationisn’ttheanswer,either–notyet,atleast.Productionofcorn,cotton,rice,soybeans,andwheathasbeenlargelymechanized,butmanyhigh-value,labor-intensivecrops,suchasstrawberries,needlabor.Evendairyfarms,whererobotsdoasmallshareofmilking,havealongwaytogobeforethey’reautomated.Asaresult,farmshavegrownincreasinglyreliantontemporaryguestworkersusingtheH-2Avisatofillthegapsintheworkforce.Startingaround2012,requeststoofTheH-2Avisahasnonumericalcap,unliketheH-2Bvisafornonagriculturalwork,whichislimitedto66,000ayear.Evenso,employerscomplaintheyaren’tgivenalltheworkerstheyneed.Theprocessiscumbersome,expensive,andunreliable.OnesurveyfoundthatbureaucraticdelaysledtheaverageH-2Aworkertoarriveonthejob22dayslate.Theshortageiscompoundedbyfederalimmigrationraids,whichremovesomeworkersanddriveothersunderground.Ina2012survey,71percentoftree-fruitgrowersandalmost80percentofraisinandberrygrowerssaidtheywereshortoflabor.SomewesternfarmershaverespondedbymovingoperationstoMexico.From1998to2000,14.5percentofthefruitAmericansconsumedwasimported.Littlemorethanadecadelater,theshareofimportswas25.8percent.Ineffect,theU.S.canimportfoodoritcanimporttheworkerswhopickit.Whatproblemshouldbeaddressedaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?DiscriminationagainstforeignworkersintheU.S.BiasedlawsinfavorofsomeAmericanbusinesses.FlawsinU.S.immigrationrulesforfarmworkers.DeclineofjobopportunitiesinU.S.agriculture.OnetroublewithU.S.agriculturalworkforceis .therisingnumberofillegalimmigrantsthehighmobilityofcropworkersthelackofexperiencedlaborerstheagingofimmigrantfarmworkersWhatisthemuch-arguedsolutiontothelaborshortageinU.S.farming?attractyoungerlaborerstofarmwork.getnativeU.S.workersbacktofarming.usemorerobotstogrowhigh-valuecrops.strengthenfinancialsupportforfarmers.AgriculturalemployerscomplainabouttheH-2Avisaforits .slowgrantingprocedureslimitondurationofstaytightenedrequirementscontrolofannualadmissionsWhichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthistext?U.S.AgricultureinDecline?ImportFoodorLabor?AmericaSavedbyMexico?Manpowervs.Automation?Text4ArnoldSchwarzenegger,DiaMirzaandAdrianGrenierhaveamessageforyou:It’seasytobeatplastic.They’repartofabunchofcelebritiesstarringinanewvideoforWorldEnvironmentDay–encouragingyou,theconsumer,toswapoutyoursingle-useplasticstapleslikestrawsandcutlerytocombattheplasticscrisis.ThekeymessagesthathavebeenputtogetherforWorldEnvironmentDaydoincludeacallforgovernmentstoenactlegislationtocurbsingle-useplastics.Buttheoverarchingmessageisdirectedatindividuals.Myconcernwithleavingituptotheindividual,however,isourlimitedsenseofwhatneedstobeachieved.Ontheirown,takingourownbagstothegrocerystoreorquittingplasticstraws,forexample,willaccomplishlittleandrequireverylittleofus.Theycouldevenbedetrimental,satisfyinganeedtohave“doneourbit”withouteverprogressingontobigger,bolder,moreeffectiveactions–akindof“morallicensing”thatallaysourconcernsandstopsusdoingmoreandaskingmoreofthoseincharge.Whiletheconversationaroundourenvironmentandourresponsibilitytowarditremainscenteredonshoppingbagsandstraws,we’reignoringthebalanceofpowerthatimpliesthatas“consumers”wemustshopsustainably,ratherthanas“citizens”holdourgovernmentsandindustriestoaccounttopushforrealsystemicchange.It’simportanttoacknowledgethattheenvironmentisn’teveryone’spriority–orevenmostpeople’s.Weshouldn’texpectittobe.Inherlatestbook,WhyGoodPeopleDoBadEnvironmentalThings,WellesleyCollegeprofessorElizabethR.DeSombrearguesthatthebestwaytocollectivelychangethebehavioroflargenumbersofpeopleisforthechangetobestructural.Thismightmeanimplementingpolicysuchasaplastictaxthataddsacosttoenvironmentallyproblematicaction,orbanningsingle-useplasticsaltogether.Indiahasjustannounceditwill“eliminateallsingle-useplasticinthecountryby2022.”Therearealsoincentive-basedwaysofmakingbetterenvironmentalchoiceseasier,suchasensuringrecyclingisatleastaseasyastrashdisposal.DeSombreisn’tsayingpeopleshouldstopcaringabouttheenvironment.It’sjustthatindividualactionsaretooslow,shesays,forthattobetheonly,orevenprimary,approachtochangingwidespreadbehavior.Noneofthisisaboutwritingofftheindividual.It’sjustaboutputtingthingsintoperspective.Wedon’thavetimetowait.Weneedprogressivepoliciesthatshapecollectiveaction(andreininpollutingbusinesses),alongsideengagedcitizenspushingforchange.Somecelebritiesstarinanewvideoto .demandnewlawsontheuseofplasticsurgeconsumerstocuttheuseofplasticsinvitepublicopinionontheplasticscrisisdisclosethecausesoftheplasticscrisisTheauthorisconcernedthat“morallicensing”may .misleadusintodoingworthlessthingspreventusfrommakingfurthereffortsweakenoursenseofaccomplishmentsuppressourdesireforsuccessBypointingoutouridentity“citizens”,theauthorindicatesthat .ourfocusshouldbeshiftedtocommunitywelfareourrelationshipwithlocalindustriesisimprovingwehavebeenactivelyexercisingourcivilrightsweshouldpressourgovernmenttoleadthecombatDeSombrearguesthatthebestwayforacollectivechangeshouldbe .awin-winarrangementaself-drivenmechanismacost-effectiveapproachatop-downprocessTheauthorconcludesthatindividualefforts .canbetooaggressivecanbetooinconsistentarefarfromsufficientarefarfromrationalPartBDirections:Readthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumntoitscorrespondinginformationintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Inchoosinganewhome,CamilleMcClain’skidshaveasingledemand:abackyard.McClain’slittleonesaren’ttheonlykidswhohaveanopinionwhenitcomestohousing,andinmanycasesyoungsters’viewsweighheavilyonparents’realestatedecisions,accordingtoa2018HarrisPollsurveyofmorethan2,000U.S.adults.Whilemorefamiliesbuckanolder-generationproclivitytoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealestatedecisions,realtyagentsandpsychologistshavemixedviewsaboutthefinancial,personalandlong-termeffectskids’opinionsmayhave.Theideaofinvolvingchildreninabigdecisionisagreatideabecauseitcanhelpthemfeelasenseofcontrolandownershipinwhatcanbeanoverwhelmingprocess,saidHooper,clinicalpsychologistinChicago.“Childrenmayfaceseriousdifficultiesincopingwithsignificantmoves,especiallyifitremovesthemfromtheircurrentschoolorsupportsystem,”hesaid.GregJaroszewski,realestatebrokerwithGagliardoRealtyAssociates,saidhe’snotconvincedthatkidsshouldbeinvolvedinselectingahome–buttheiropinionsshouldbeconsideredinregardstoproximitytofriendsandsocialactivities,ifpossible.Youngerchildrenshouldfeellikethey’rechoosingtheirhome–withoutactuallygettingachoiceinthematter,saidAdamBailey,realestateattorneybasedinNewYork.Askingthemquestionsaboutwhattheylikeaboutthebackyardofapotentialhomewillmakethemfeellikethey’rebeingincludedinthedecision-makingprocess,Baileysaid.Manyoftheaspectsofhomebuyingaren’taconsiderationforchildren,saidTraceyHampson,arealestateagentbasedinSantaClarita,Calif.Andplacingtoomuchemphasisontheiropinionscanruinafantastichomepurchase.“Speakingwithyourchildrenbeforeyoumakearealestatedecisioniswise,butIwouldn’tbasethepurchasingdecisionsolelyontheiropinions.”Hampsonsaid.Theotherissueisthatmanychildren–especiallyolderones–maybasetheirrealstateknowledgeonHGTVshows,saidAaronNorrisofTheNorrisGroupinRiverside,Calif.“TheyloveChipandJoannaGainesjustasmuchastherestofus,”hesaid.“HGTVhasseriouslychangedhowpeopleviewrealestate.It’snotshelter,it’salifestyle.Withthatmindsetchangecomesomeseriousmoneyconsequences.”Kidstendtogetstuckinthefeaturesandtheimmediatebenefitstothempersonally,Norrissaid.Parentsneedtoremindtheirchildrenthattheirneedsanddesiresmaychangeovertime,saidJulieGurner,arealestateanalystwithFitSmallB.“Theiropinionscanchangetomorrow,”Gurnersaid.“Harshasitmaybetothatdecisionshouldlikelynotbemadecontingentonachild’sopinions,butratherbest–andgivethemanopportunitytocustomizeitabitandmakeittheirown.”Thisadviceismorerelevantnowthaneverbefore,evenasmoreparentswanttoembracetheideasoftheirchildren,despitethecurrenthousingcrunch.[A]remarksthatsignificantmovesmayposechallengestochildren.41.RyanHooper[B]saysthatitiswisetoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealestatedecisions.42.AdamBailey[C]advisesthathomepurchasesshouldnotbebasedonlyonchildren’sopinions.43.TraceyHampson[D]thinksthatchildrenshouldbegivenasenseofinvolvementinhomebuyingdecisions.44.AaronNorris[E]notesthataspectslikechildren’sfriendsandsocialactivitiesshouldbeconsidereduponhomebuying.45.JulieGurner[F]believesthathomebuyingdecisionsshouldbebasedonchildren’sneedsratherthantheiropinions.[G]assumesthatmanychildren’sviewsonrealestateareinfluencedbythemedia.SectionIII TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)ItiseasytounderestimateEnglishwriterJamesHerriot.Hehadsuchapleasant,readablestylethatonemightthinkthatanyonecouldimitateit.HowmanytimeshaveIheardpeople“Icouldwriteabook.Ijusthaven’tthetime.”Easilysaid.Notsoeasilydone.JamesHerriot,contrarytopopularopinion,didnotfinditeasyinhisearlydaysof,asheputit,“havingagoatthewritinggame”.Whileheobviouslyhadanabundanceofnaturaltalent,thefinal,polishedworkthathegavetotheworldwastheresultofyearsofpracticing,re-writingandreading.Likethemajorityofauthors,hehadtosuffermanydisappointmentsandrejectionsalongthebutthesemadehimallthemoredeterminedtosucceed.Everythingheachievedinlifewasearnedthehardwayandhissuccessintheliteraryfieldwasnoexception.SectionIV WritingPartADirections：SupposeProfessorSmithaskedyoutoplanadebateonthethemeofcitytraffic.Writehimanemailtosuggestaspecifictopicwithyourreasons,andtellhimaboutyourarrangements.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyouronename.Use“LiMing”instead.Donotwriteyouraddress.(10points)PartBDirections:Writeanessaybasedonthechartbelow.Inyourwriting,youshouldinterpretthechart,andgiveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）试题参考答案与解析1.答案【D】【解析】前句说定期称重有助于掌握体重波动，本句说称得太勤有时害处大于益处，前后转折，However正确；Besides此外、Therefore因此、Otherwise否则都不表转折。2.答案【A】【解析】thehabitcansometimeshurtmorethanit___与hurt相对，指“益处不及害处”，helps正确；cares在意、warns警告、reduces减少都不能与hurtmorethan构成对照。3.答案【B】【解析】causedmetoshiftmyfocus...tofocusing___onthescale需要一个强调“只盯体重秤”的副词，solely（仅仅）正确；initially最初、occasionally偶尔、formally正式均不合。4.答案【B】【解析】thinkingonlyof___thenumberonthescale后文说肌肉增加却减训练，说明他只想“降低”数字，lowering正确；recording记录、explaining解释、accepting接受都不合。5.答案【D】【解析】ThatconflictedwithhowIneededtotrainto___mygoals指“达成”健身目标，reach正确；modify修改、set设定、review审查都不能与trainto搭配表示“实现目标”。6.答案【B】【解析】didnotprovideanaccurate___ofthehardworkandprogress指体重秤无法准确“反映”努力与进步，depiction（描绘、写照）正确；definition定义、distribution分布、prediction预测均不合。7.答案【A】【解析】Ittakesaboutthreeweekstoamonthtonoticesignificantchangesinyourweight___alteringyourtrainingprogram指由训练计划改变“引起”的变化，dueto（由于）正确；regardlessof无论、asidefrom除……之外、alongwith与……一起都不表因果。8.答案【D】【解析】Themost___changeswillbeobservedinskilllevel,strengthandincheslost与“三周到一月才见体重变化”对照，说明这些变化“最快显现”，immediate正确；orderly有序、rigid僵化、precise精确都不表“迅速”。9.答案【C】【解析】Forthese___,Istoppedweighingmyselfeveryday指上述原因，reasons正确；claims主张、judgments判断、methods方法都不合。10.答案【A】【解析】switchedtoabimonthlyweighingschedule___表示“改为”另一种做法，instead正确；though虽然、again再次、indeed确实都不表替代。11.答案【A】【解析】itislessimportantformeto___myweighteachweek指“追踪”体重，track正确；overlook忽视、conceal隐瞒、report报告都不如track贴合“记录监测”。12.答案【D】【解析】allowsmetoobserveand___anysignificantweightchanges与observe并列，指“说明、解释”变化，accountfor正确；dependon依赖、approveof赞成、holdonto保留均不合。13.答案【B】【解析】ThattellsmewhetherIneedto___mytrainingprogram指据体重变化“调整”计划，adjust正确；share分享、confirm确认、prepare准备都不合。14.答案【A】【解析】Iusemybimonthlyweigh-in___togetinformationaboutmynutrition指称重得到的“结果”，results正确；features特征、rules规则、tests测试均不合。15.答案【C】【解析】ifmytrainingintensityremainsthesame,butI'mconstantly___anddroppingweight指“总感到饿却掉体重”，hungry正确；bored无聊、anxious焦虑、sick生病都不与dailycaloricintake（热量摄入）呼应。16.答案【D】【解析】thisisa___thatIneedtoincreasemydailycaloricintake指一种“信号”，sign正确；principle原则、secret秘密、belief信念都不合。17.答案【C】【解析】The___tostopweighingmyselfeverydayhasdonewonders指“决定”，decision正确；request请求、necessity必要性、wish愿望均不如decision与tostopdoing搭配自然。18.答案【A】【解析】nolongercarrytheburdenofa___morningweigh-in指每天称重带来的“令人失望”的负担，disappointing正确；surprising令人惊讶、restricting限制性的、consuming耗费性的都不如disappointing贴合“负担”。19.答案【D】【解析】greatersuccessinachievingmygoals,___I'mtrainingaccordingtothosegoals后句为原因，because正确；if如果、unless除非、until直到都不表因果。20.答案【A】【解析】Ratherthan___overthescale,turnyourfocustohowyoulook指“纠结于体重秤”，obsessingover为固定搭配（过度关注）；dominating支配、puzzling困惑、triumphing获胜均不合。21.答案【C】【解析】首段说内疚感随儿童对社会与道德规范的把握而出现，儿童并非天生会说“对不起”，又说适量的道德内疚是好事，即有助于道德发展，fosterachild'smoraldevelopment正确；A调节基本情绪、B提高智力、D强化积极情绪均不符。22.答案【B】【解析】第二段称内疚Itisdeeplyuncomfortable–it'stheemotionalequivalentofwearingajacketweightedwithstones，即让人感到沉重负担，burdensome正确；deceptive欺骗性、addictive致瘾、inexcusable不可原谅均不符。23.答案【D】【解析】第二段Vaish说这一转变源于emotionsaren'tbinary–feelingsthatmaybeadvantageousinonecontextmaybeharmfulinanother，即同一情绪可起相反作用，anemotioncanplayopposingroles正确；A情绪与情境无关（反义）、B情绪具社会建设性、C情绪稳定有益健康均不符。24.答案【B】【解析】第四段称guiltandsympathymayrepresentdifferentpathwaystocooperationandsharing，并说同情低的孩子可用更多内疚来弥补，说明合作与分享可由同情或内疚产生，canresultfromeithersympathyorguilt正确；A纠正情感缺陷、C带来情感满足、D冲动行为的结果均不符。25.答案【D】【解析】transgressions所在句为aftermoraltransgressions，语境为“做了违背道德的事”之后产生负面情绪，故该词意为wrongdoings（过错、不端行为），wrongdoings正确；teachings教导、discussions讨论、restrictions限制均不合。26.答案【D】【解析】首段指出人类依赖森林吸收二氧化碳，却威胁其这种能力，气候变化可能使森林排放的碳多于吸收的碳，即森林可能成为潜在威胁，forestsmaybecomeapotentialthreat正确；A气候失控、B公众误解、C极端天气均非该句含义。27.答案【D】【解析】第二段明确Helpingforestsflourishasvaluable“carbonsinks”...mayrequirereducingtheircapacitytoabsorbcarbonnow，lowertheirpresentcarbon-absorbingcapacity正确；A保护物种多样性、B加速幼树生长、C平衡不同植物均无据。28.答案【B】【解析】第三段称该计划aimstothinoutyoungtreesandclearbrush，即降低部分林区的密度，reducethedensityofsomeofitsforests正确；A培育抗旱树、C更有效杀虫、D火灾后快速恢复均不符。29.答案【A】【解析】第五段说可受益林地总面积约五十万英亩而年处理量仅3.5/6万英亩，故itwillbevitaltoprioritizeareasatgreatestriskoffireordrought，即优先处理最危险区域，Tohandletheareasinseriousdangerfirst正确；B2020年前完成、C完善排放许可拍卖、D获得足够资金支持均非该段强调的关键。30.答案【C】【解析】全文称加州leadingtheway，其计划shouldserveasamodel，态度为支持，supportive正确；ambiguous含糊、tolerant宽容、cautious谨慎均不符。31.答案【C】【解析】首两段指出农工短缺的抱怨unlikelytostopwithoutanoverhaulofimmigrationrulesforfarmworkers，且国会阻挠更便利的农业务工签证，问题在于移民规则缺陷，FlawsinU.S.immigrationrulesforfarmworkers正确；A、B、D均非这两段所指。32.答案【D】【解析】第三段说农场劳工They'realsoaging...Nowmorethanhalfareover35，即农工老龄化，theagin