考研英语二2024年真题解析版含答案详解完形阅读翻译写作精讲可打印

2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）☆考生注意事项☆4.填(书)写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。(以下信息考生必须认真填写)考生姓名can8periodsoflonelinesstoo,suchasretirement,changingparent.Ontheotherhand,it's14possibletohavetoomuchofasociallife.Ifyousociallimitandit'Lowmood,lowenergy,irritabilityandrequiresnewwaysofthinkingaboutprogress.“Whateverwemeanbytheeconomygrowing,bythingsgettingbetter,thegainswillhavetobemoreevenlyshintherecentpast,"shewrites.“Aneconomyoftechmillionairesorbillionairesandgigworkers,withmiddle-insustainable.”greateruseofdigitaltechnologiestoboostproductivityinvarioussectors,includingthechangesifthey'renotseeingthebenefits—ifthey'rejustseeinggoodjobsbeingtransformativetechnologiesthatchangethewayswespendourInstead,saysCoyle,resentmentissimmeringamongmanyAccordingtotheBrookingsInstitution,ashortlistofeightAmericancitiesthatjobsby2019.NewAItechnologiesareparticularlyconcentrated:Brookings'sMarkthatgeographicaldipoliticalandsocialufthatdifferentpartsofthecountrycaremostabo21.CoylearguesinhernewbookthateconomicgrowthshouldTheUKisfacingafutureconstructioncrisisbecauseoproducewood,Conforhassupplyofwoodforfuturegenerations.Currentlyonrequirementishome-grownwhileitremainsthesecond-largestnetimporteroftimberbenefitsofplantingthemtoboosttimbersupplies."Notonlyarewefacingacarbontoplanttreestoproducewood,"saidStuartGoodall,chiefexecutiveofConfor."ForleavingusexposedtofluctuatingpricesandfightingforfuTheUKhasidealconditionsforgrowingwoodtobuildlow-carisagloballeaderincertuseofhome-grownwoodinEnglandisonlyaround25percent.Thecausesoftheforestrytothedecimationoftreesbygreysquirrels.ItalsoencomWhileproductivetreeplantingcandeliverrealfinancialbenefitstoruraleconomiesandcontributetotheUK'supportcontinuestobeonfoodproductionandtherewiwoodlandsolelyforbiodivers“WhiletheUKgovernmenthasstateditsambitionformoretreeplanting,therehasbeenittleactionontheground.Conforisnowcal[D]willbetoocostl28.TheUK'sexposuretofluctuatingwoodpricesisaresultof[A]SubsidisethebuildingOneofthebiggestchallengesinkeepinguconvincingthemthatit'stimetoturnoverthekeys."It'sacomwhensomeonestops—orisforcedtostop—driving,saidformeandpublicsafety,andwherethephysician'sadvicetodiscontinueisignored,itisdesirableandethicaltonotifytheDepartmentofMotorVehiclMenkewrote.“SomestaaddressedpiecemealbydifferentprofessionswitsaidgerontologistElitroubledrivingbecausetheycan'tturntheirheadsorrememberwheretheyareproblemsofcrashes,said[A]upgradingself-driIfyoulookattheappsonyourphone,chancesareyouhaveatleastoneryourhealth—andprobablyseveral.Whethaconnectedhealthdevfederalprivacylegislationseemsunlikelyinthdata.CaliforniahasbeenattheforefrontofstateprivacyeffortswiththeCaliforniaparticipateinalitanyofextracurricularactivitieshopingtobolsteadmissiontoaselectiveundergraHowever,collegeadmissionsexpertssaythatthequalitextracurricularactivitiesmattersmoreSchool,saysitisnotnec"Nocollegewillexpecthattheyhavebeenpassionatelyinvolvedineachforanextendedperiodoftime,"“Thecompetitiontostandoutandmakeanimpactisgoingtobemuchstiffer,JosephAdegboyega-Edun,aMarylandhighschoolguidancecounselor,saysquestionshighschoolsenioruncommonextracurricularactivityvs.aconventionaloneisanaExpertssaydemonstratingtalenthecollegeadmissionsprocess,especiallyattop-tierundergraduateinstitut"Distinguishingyourselfinonefocusedtypeofextrpositiveintheadmissionsqualityorhookthatwillappealtoadmissionsofficersthestudentmightcomeandenrichtheircampuscommunity.”applicationarebeneficial,expertssuggest."IfyoualreadanextracurricularthatfitsintothatmajorcanbeabigpluWiththesmellofcoffeeandfreshbreadfloatingintheair,stallsbucolourfulvegetablesandtemptingcheeses,Writeanessaybasedonthechartb感觉到心情舒畅2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）试题参考答案与解析1.答案【C】【解析】空格前后为对照关系：Someofusfeelenergisedbyspendinglotsoftimewithothers...someofusmayfeeldrained，前后语义相反，须用转折连词whereas（然而）；because因果、unless除非、until直到都不表对比。2.答案【B】【解析】本段主旨是“社交过多与过少都有害”，故findinga___inyoursociallifeiskey应选balance（平衡）；contrast对比、link联系、gap缺口都无法概括“适度”。3.答案【A】【解析】Spendingtoomuchtimeonyourown,not___others与前文“独自待太久”并列，指“不见他人”，seeing（见面、接触）最合；pleasing取悦、judging评判、teaching教导均偏离“社交往来”。4.答案【D】【解析】canmakeyoufeellonelyand___与lonely并列，需要一个描述“与外界脱节”的词，disconnected（疏离的）最贴切；misguided误入歧途、surprised惊讶、spoiled被宠坏都不合。5.答案【A】【解析】Lonelinessisknowntoimpactonyourmentalhealthand___alowmood前后为递进并列，需要一个表示“导致”的动词，contributeto（促成）最合；relyon依赖、interferewith干扰、goagainst违背都与“影响健康”的因果关系不符。6.答案【C】【解析】此处以“居家办公、错过办公室闲聊”举例说明“任何人都可能感到孤独”，插入语应表举例，forexample正确；infact事实上、ofcourse当然、onaverage平均都不引出例证。7.答案【B】【解析】youare___ontheusualsocialconversationsthathappeninanoffice指因居家而“错过”办公室日常交流，missingout（错过）与on搭配；cuttingback削减、breakingin打断、lookingdown俯视均不合。8.答案【B】【解析】Otherlifechangescan___periodsoflonelinesstoo指生活变化“引发”孤独期，trigger（触发）最合；shorten缩短、follow跟随、interrupt打断都不能表示“成为诱因”。9.答案【D】【解析】Therearewaysto___asociallife指“重新获得、重建”社交生活，regain（重获）最贴切；assess评估、interpret解释、provide提供都不与asociallife搭配表达“恢复”。10.答案【A】【解析】butitcanfeeloverwhelming___与前文“重建社交生活的方法存在”构成让步，指“起初会觉得无从下手”，atfirst（起初）最合；inturn转而、ontime按时、bychance偶然都不表时间起点。11.答案【D】【解析】findgroupsandactivities...whereyouwillbeabletomeet___people指与“志趣相投”的人相识，like-minded（志同道合的）正确；far-sighted有远见、strong-willed意志坚定、kind-hearted心地善良都不是“因共同爱好相聚”的核心特征。12.答案【A】【解析】groupsaimedat...thosewhowantto___anewsportforthefirsttime指“初次尝试”一项运动，try最合；promote推广、watch观看、describe描述都不与forthefirsttime搭配。13.答案【B】【解析】networkingeventsforthoseinthesameprofessiontomeetupand___ideas指同行聚会“交流”想法，share正确；test检验、accept接受、revise修订都不如shareideas自然贴切。14.答案【C】【解析】Ontheotherhand,it's___possibletohavetoomuchofasociallife与上段“社交太少有害”相对，提出“过多同样可能有害”，also（也）承接最顺；already、thus、only都会破坏这一并列推进。15.答案【C】【解析】thereisneverany___inyourcalendarfordowntime指日程里没有“空档”，space与inyourcalendar搭配最自然；list清单、order顺序、boundary界限都不表“空余时间”。16.答案【A】【解析】youcouldsuffersocialburnoutorsocial___与burnout并列，指“社交疲劳”，fatigue正确；criticism批评、injustice不公、dilemma两难均不合。17.答案【C】【解析】Lowmood,lowenergy,irritabilityandtroublesleepingcouldallbe___ofpoorsocialhealth指这些表现是“征兆”，signs最贴切；sources来源、standards标准、scores分数都不表“外在表现”。18.答案【D】【解析】Makesureyou___sometimeinyourdiary指在日程中“划出”时间，markout（标出、划出）正确；takeover接管、wipeoff擦去、addup相加都不合。19.答案【B】【解析】whenyou're___forsocialisingandusethistimetorelax指“不安排社交、留给自己”的时段，unavailable（无空的）最合；ungrateful不感激、responsible负责、regretful后悔都不表“不接待社交”。20.答案【D】【解析】usethistimetorelax,___andrecover与relax、recover构成同义并列，rest（休息）最贴切；react反应、repeat重复、return返回都不合。21.答案【C】【解析】首段引Coyle观点thegainswillhavetobemoreevenlysharedthanintherecentpast，即增长成果须更公平地共享，benefitpeopleequally正确；A引发创新、B职业多元、D强力推进均非其主张。22.答案【C】【解析】第二段requiregreateruseofdigitaltechnologiestoboostproductivityinvarioussectors明确目的为提高各部门生产率，raiseoverallworkefficiency正确；A立刻繁荣、B减轻工作量、D促进跨部门合作均不符。23.答案【D】【解析】第三段Coyle担心社会不接受：peoplecan'tbeexpectedtoembracethechangesifthey'renotseeingthebenefits，并列socialbuy-in之必要，故担心技术可能不受公众欢迎，Theymaybeunwelcometothepublic正确；A、B、C均无据。24.答案【A】【解析】第四、五段列举八城占38%科技岗位、15城占三分之二AI资产，用以说明技术与资源在地理上高度集中，theunevendistributionofAItechnologiesintheUS正确；B、C、D均非举例目的。25.答案【D】【解析】末两段作者建议loosenthestrangleholdthatBigTechhasondefiningtheAIagenda并broadenourdigitalimaginationstoconceiveofAItechnologiesthatdon'tsimplyreplacejobsbutexpandopportunities，即重新界定AI技术的作用，redefiningtheroleofAItechnologies正确；A筹款、B合作研究、C防范副作用虽有涉及但不是核心主张。26.答案【A】【解析】首段Confor呼吁reducethecountry'srelianceontimberimportsandprovideastablesupplyofwood，即提高本国木材供给，increaseitsdomesticwoodsupply正确；B减少需求、C降低成本、D放松进口管制均与原意相反或无据。27.答案【A】【解析】第二段thetradebodysaysthesedon'tgofarenoughandfailtopromotethebenefitsofplantingthemtoboosttimbersupplies，说明新激励措施力度不足、难以解决建材危机，canhardlyaddressaconstructioncrisis正确；B、C、D均非Confor的评价。28.答案【B】【解析】第二段wehavenottakenresponsibilityforinvestinginourdomesticwoodsupply,leavingusexposedtofluctuatingprices，即投入不足导致受制于价格波动，inadequateinvestmentingrowingwood正确；A政府对进口不作为、C国内贸易商竞争、D生产者逐利均属曲解。29.答案【D】【解析】第三段列举原因时指出significanthesitationonbehalfoffarmersandotherlandownerstoinvestinlonger-termplantingprojects，即农民不愿种植，Farmers'unwillingnesstoplanttrees正确；A过度消耗、B条件不利（原文称UKhasidealconditions）、C技术陈旧均不符。30.答案【C】【解析】第四、五段Goodall强调政府支持重心仍偏食品生产与生物多样性，呼吁muchgreaterimpetus，即应更多支持生产性植树，Providemoresupportforproductivetreeplanting正确；A补贴低碳住宅、B关注乡村经济、D优先净零战略都不是他的直接主张。31.答案【C】【解析】首段Oneofthebiggestchallengesinkeepingunsafeagingdriversofftheroadisconvincingthemthatit'stimetoturnoverthekeys，说明难度很大，canbeatoughtasktocomplete正确；A新措施、B争议问题、D有益健康均不符。32.答案【D】【解析】第二段Somestatesrequirephysicianstoreport,othersallowbutdonotmandate,whileafewconsiderareportabreachofconfidentiality，各州态度不一，hasmetwithdifferentresponses正确；A获司机支持、B普遍不现实、C被认为是多余的均无据。33.答案【B】【解析】第三段Dugan指出difficultiesareaddressedpiecemealbydifferentprofessionswithdifferentfocuses，并呼吁更好的证据与协同，needtobewellcoordinated正确；A已带来巨变、C获公众认可、D需要法律支持均非其观点。34.答案【B】【解析】第五段提到troubledrivingbecausetheycan'tturntheirheadsorrememberwheretheyaregoing，记忆力衰退是原因之一，haveaweakenedmemory正确；A坏习惯、C慢性疼痛、D忽视保养均未提及。35.答案【B】【解析】末段Dugan说Ifwe'regoingtohave100-yearlives,weneedcarsthata90-year-oldcandrivecomfortably，主张开发适老车型，developingsenior-friendlycars正确；A升级自动驾驶（她认为解决不了问题）、C改造交通设施、D调整年龄限制均不符。36.答案【A】【解析】首段引用350,000healthappswereavailable,90,000ofwhichlaunchedin2020alone，用以说明健康类应用之普及，theprevalenceofhealthapps正确；B、C、D均非数据引用目的。37.答案【A】【解析】第二段指出现行法律Thehealthinformationtheseapps...typicallydoesnotreceivethesamelegalprotections，言下之意保护范围应扩大，Itscoverageneedstobeextended正确；B加强执法、C遏制医疗不当行为、D令保险公司失望均不符。38.答案【D】【解析】第三段ConsentOrderrequiringthecompanytogetappusers'expressaffirmativeconsentbeforesharingtheirhealthinformation，即须获得明确许可，obtaintheirexplicitpermission正确；A需FTC批准、B寻找合格第三方、C删除无关数据均属曲解。39.答案【B】【解析】第四段therateatwhichthesehealthappsarehittingthemarketdemonstratesjusthowimmenseofachallengethisis，挑战在于新应用涌现太快，Therapidincreaseinnewhealthapps正确；A、C、D均非该句所指。40.答案【D】【解析】末段Virginia,ColoradoandUtahhavealsorecentlypassedstateconsumerdataprivacylegislation，说明部分州已立法支持健康数据保护，hasgainedlegislativesupportinsomestates正确；A被开发者接受、B成为联邦政策重点（原文称短期不现实）、C在加州遭反对均不符。41.答案【C】【解析】SueRexford认为不必在申请中列满10项活动，务实的招生官不会期待一长串课外活动清单，对应CUndertakingtoomanyextracurricularactivitieswillhardlybeseenasaplusbycolleges。42.答案【E】【解析】SaraHarberson说若选择热门活动，就要bethebestatit，对应EHighschoolstudentsparticipatinginapopularactivityshouldexcelinit。43.答案【A】【解析】KatieKelley强调在某一聚焦领域Distinguishingyourself...especiallyforhighlyselectiveinstitutions，对应AStudentswhostandoutinaspecificextracurricularactivitywillbefavoredbytop-tierinstitutions。44.答案【G】【解析】MayghinLevine表示havinganextracurricularthatfitsintothatmajorcanbeabigplus，对应GItisadvisableforstudentstochooseanextracurricularactivitythatisrelatedtotheirfuturestudyatcollege。45.答案【B】【解析】EricaGwyn提到通过课外活动对社区产生积极影响者可获奖学金，对应BStudentswhoseextracurricularactivityhasbenefitedtheircommunityarelikelytowinascholarship。46.参考答案空气中飘着咖啡与新鲜面包的香气，摊位上堆满五颜六色的蔬菜和诱人的奶酪，还有友好交谈的嗡嗡声响——农贸市场是一场感官盛宴。它同时提供了一个机会：与种植、养殖你食物的人当面交谈，支持本地经济，并挑选新鲜的时令农产品——这些事可以一次完成。农贸市场通常每周或每月举办，多设露天摊位，让农民或生产者直接把食物卖给顾客。市场规模与举办频率随季节而变，取决于当地的农事历，一年中不同时段上市的农产品也各不相同。由于省去了中间商，农民能从自己的农产品中获得更多利润；购物者也从中受益，能清楚看到自己的钱花到了哪里、付给了谁。【解析】首段为景物描写，afeastforthesenses译“一场感官盛宴”最贴切；stallsburstingwithcolourfulvegetables中burstingwith表“堆满、摆满”，不可直译“爆裂”；thebuzzoffriendlychats译“友好交谈的嗡嗡声”。第二段weeklyormonthlyevents译“每周或每月举办的活动”，dependingonthearea'sagriculturalcalendar译“取决于当地的农事历”，Bycuttingoutthemiddlemen译“通过省去中间商”。末句where—andtowho—theirmoneyisgoing需译出“钱花在何处、付给了谁”两层意思。47.参考答案DearJack,Iamwritingtosharemyplanforoursurveyontheprotectionofoldhousesintheancienttown.Myideaistoworkinthreesteps:first,wewalkthroughthemainstreetsandtakephotosofhousesinpoorcondition;second,weinterviewseverallong-timeresidentsandthelocalheritageofficetolearnthehistoryandthedifficultiesofrepair;third,wedesignashortonlinequestionnaireforvisitors,askingwhethertheywouldsupportarestorationfund.IsuggestwestartnextSaturdaymorning,whenthestreetsarequietandthelightisgoodforphotographing.Pleasetellmewhetherthestepsseemworkabletoyou,andifyouw