中考阅读理解专题训练

1、中考阅读理解专题训练序言解题技巧指导1、 阅读理解题的解题技巧 1如果文长题少，则可以略读的方式先读一遍，而后带着问题去查阅，求得要找的答案。 2如果文短题多，则应先仔细阅读该短文，再去做题。遇到某个题答不上来时，可带着该问题去查阅有关细节。3如果问题要求解答数字、人名、地名、时间等，则可直接用查阅的方法来寻求答案，也可先略读而后查阅。二、阅读理解的三种阅读策略 根据不同的阅读目的，同学们应采用不同的阅读策略，主要可使用的阅读策略有快读、跳读和细读。 1快读 即快速浏览文章，其目的在于了解文章的大意。快读时注意力要高度集中，阅读时可不必去记忆细节，遇到个别生词及难句，均大致扫过，以求对全文总体

2、意思有个了解。在快读时，还要特别注意文章的首句、首段以及结束句、结束段，因为它们往往是对文章内容的概括，读懂它们会有助于对文章大意的理解。2跳读 即根据问题信息有选择地阅读文章的某些段落或某些句子，其目的在于加强阅读的针对性、节约阅渎时间和提高阅读效率。跳读法尤其适合看了题目后带着问题阅读，即看了文章所设的题目后，带着问题跳读文章，以求找到答题依据。 3细读即认真仔细地阅读文章，目的在于弄清文章的各个细节，从而把握文章的细节内容、判断推测文章的言外之意或对文中的内容作出合乎逻辑的推理判断：细读时若遇到生词，要根据上下文的意思进行猜测；遇到难句，要根据自己学过的语法知识进行分析。同时，同学们要注

3、意的是，在大多数情况下，需要细读的不一定是整篇文章，而是文中的部分句子或段落。三、阅读理解题的解题步骤 1通篇略读，了解大意 阅读理解的主旨是要求学生通过阅读，理解文章大意。不管是短文、对话，还是图表，都要先快速地通读一遍，舍弃无关紧要的细节，全力捕捉全文的中心思想。弄清大意，特别要注意事情的起因、时间、地点、涉及的人物、结局。为便于快速查找，还可以边阅读边做一些标记。 在阅读过程中，目光要快速移动，千万不要停顿或复视，要对准关键词、句；同时要不断地对内容作出预测，使大脑的逻辑思维、推理判断贯穿于整个阅读的始终。这样就可以大幅度地节省阅读时间，起到“会当凌绝顶，一览众山小”的效果，从而迅速而准

4、确地抓住全文的大意。 2细读全文，注重关键词句 针对题目中的问题细读材料，可以缩小阅读范围，迅速找到与问题有关的信息，细读与题目相关联的词、句、段。在这一过程中，对有关细节可放慢速度，精读有关部分，一边阅读一边归纳，加快做题速度，求得一次性正确的答案。 同学们在逐句的阅读过程中，目光要瞄准短文中的实词，尤其是名词和动词。同时抓住一些敏感的信息，如时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果以及某些词汇、词语等。一般说来，这些问题会在文章中有交代说明，运用查阅法是不难找到线索的。 3分析信息，确定答案 很多阅读理解题的答案一般都可直接在短文中找出，所以在阅读时最好先看清楚下面的题目，记住其中的关键词，然后

5、再在阅读时在文章中寻找这些关键词，这样题目的答案也就容易得出了。还有些题目的答案需要对文章中所给信息进行简单的比较、计算、分析或归纳后才能得出，这就要求同学们在做题时要认真、仔细，要抓住文章所给的全部信息，准确理解文章意思，不能出现漏读或误渎。 4复读全文，检查答案 这是最后一步，也是最重要的一步。答完题后要核对一下文章和答案，看前后是否一致，意义与语法是否与原文一致，是否合乎逻辑，一旦发现问题，要及时纠正。四、走出阅读误区 （一）、在做阅读理解题时应注意下面几个方面： 1有时遇到看不懂的难句，读了几遍仍然不懂，可作记号，暂时放下，等其他题全做完了再回来处理。千万别停在这里冥思苦想，个别生词不

6、会，并不影响你答题。如果生词和问题有关，可从上下文中猜出大意，所以不必惊慌，更不要放弃。 2不要凭主观印象答题。做题时一定要排除自身的生活经验和已有的知识干扰，按文章实际反映的情况来选择。 3答题时不要草率，仓促定案。在未完全读懂的情况下匆忙定案，往往会选错。如果遇到尚未读懂的地方，可放慢速度，联系上下文帮助理解。 （二）、在阅读过程中应注意下面几个方面： 1采用默读办法，避免唇读 一般来说，默读速度大约要比说话的速度快两倍，要提高阅读速度，就必须克服嘴巴蠕动的习惯，养成默读的习惯。 2.采用目视阅读，不要指读 同学们最常见的一种阅读毛病是在阅读时为了集中注意力，用手指、铅笔或尺子等指着，一个

7、单词一个单词地读。这样自然就减慢了阅读速度。阅读时，注意力应集中在阅读内容上，而不是每个单词上。 3集中注意力，克服回视的习惯 阅读时，遇到单词或句子没有看清楚或看不懂，再回过头来看，这是自然的。但是，有时候即使没有生词和难句，因为不放心已读过的词句，还要回过头来重读，这就养成了回视的不良习惯。阅读中要尽量避免回视，尽可能提高阅读速度。 4意群阅读有的同学阅读时喜欢以单词为单位，这样的阅读方式不但速度慢，而且也不利于对文章的全面理解。正确的做法是：以句子或意群为单位进行阅读，这样不仅可提高速度，而且有利于对文章的整体理解。Unit 1A Often, doctors tell some peo

8、ple to go on diets(节食 ). The doctors hope the diets will make the people feel better. They hope the diets will make the people healthy. Mrs Brown was only 28 years old, but she was on a diet. Mrs Brown was very fat. She was a 168-kilogram heavy woman. Dont eat meat, sweets and cakes, her doctor said

9、 to her. Im going to stop her eating them, doctor. her husband said. The next morning, Mrs Brown made a delicious big cake , and cut a very small piece of the cake and ate it. In a few minutes, she finished the cake. My husband is going to be very angry, she said. What am I going to do? She made ano

10、ther cake very quickly, ate half of that , and left half on the table. Her husband came back later. He saw the half of the cake on the table and was very happy.1. The doctor told Mrs Brown not to eat meat and cakes because（ ）. A. Mr Brown liked them B. meat, sweets and cakes would make her fatter C.

11、 Mr Brown told him to say so D. meat, sweets and cakes are not good food2. The next morning Mrs Brown made a cake for（ ）. A. her husband B. herseff C. her children D. the doctor3. Which is true?（ ） A. Mr Brown ate half of the cake and left the other haft for his wife. B. Mrs Brown ate half a cake th

12、at morning. C. Mrs Brown ate one cake and a half that morning. D. Mrs Brown didnt eat any cakes that morning.4. Mrs Brown made another cake because（ ）. A. she was good at making cakes B. her husband loved cakes C. she wanted to eat some more D. her husband would be angry if he knew she had eaten the

13、 cake5. Why was Mr Brown very happy when he saw the half of the cake on the table?（ ） A. Because he was hungry. B. Because cakes were his favourite food and beautiful. C. Because the cake was delicious. D. Because he thought his wife began to stop eating cakes.B When you feel sad, tears will roll do

14、wn your cheeks(脸颊). When you are happy, especially when you laugh very hard, tears also will roll down your face. But tears have a more important job than showing how you feel. Tears keep your eyes clean and healthy. They washed away dirt(灰尘)and germs(细菌)and other things that get in your eyes. Your

15、eyes also need tears to keep them wet. Your eyes must be wet so that they can move smoothly(光滑地). Your eyes are busy looking here and there all day long. They move quickly from one thing to another. If you didnt have tears,your eyes couldnt move, and soon you would be blind. But where do these tears

16、 come from? Under each eyelid ( 眼睑)are tiny sacs (液囊) called tear glands. Thats where tears are made. Every time you blink your eyes, some tears are pushed out of these glands. The tears wash over your eyes and soothe ( 滋润) them. When youre not laughing or crying your tears away ,where do they go? T

17、hey go away through small holes in your lower eyelid. Some of these holes lead into your nose. Many times when you cry, the tears drip（滴下）down through your nose-and it starts to ran. The drops that fall from your nose are your tears. Maybe you dont like baths, but your eyes cant do without them.1. T

18、his story tells us （ ）. A. why people cry people have tears B. why people cry when they are happy C. what makes people sad D. why people cry when they are unhappy2. Tears help you by （ ）. A. filling up your tear glands B. washing your cheeks and nose C. washing things from your eyes D. showing how y

19、ou feel3. You probably get extra tears in your eyes when（ ）. A. it is dark and rainy. B. it is dusty and windy C. it is hot and damp(潮湿的) D. it is cold4. If your eyes were not wet, you could not （ ）. A. look at things as quickly B. see without your glasses C. show people what you think D. laugh or c

20、ry 5. If your eyes need to be soothed, the first thing that must happen is（ ）. A. your nose must start to run B. your eyes must blink to make tears C. your tears must go into small holes in your lower eyelid D. your eyes must open widelyC Mr Turner liked fishing. It was his favourite sport. He often

21、 fished for hours without catching anything. But this did not worry him. Some fishmen couldnt catch fish. Sometimes they caught old boots or rubbish. Mr Turner was even worse than the fishermen. He never caught anything-not even old boots. After he spent whole morning on the river, he always went ho

22、me with an empty bag. You must give up fishing! his friends said, Its a waste of time. But they dont realize one important thing. Im not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all. It can make me forget the noise of the city and live quietly for

23、some time. he always said to himself.1. Mr Turner always went fishing because （ ）. A. he could sell the fish and get some money B. he thought it was a good sport C. he could cook the fish for supper D. he could sit in a boat2. Mr Turner liked to fish （ ）. A. by the river B. in a boat on the river C.

24、 in the river D. with the fishermen3.He always went home with an empty bag because （ ）. A. he couldnt fish at all B. there werent any fish in the river C. he gave the fish to the fishermen D. he didnt pay attention to fishing at all4. His friends told him （ ）when they knew he couldnt catch anything.

25、 A. to learn how to fish B. to change the way of fishing C. not to fish any more D. to buy fish to eat5. From the story we know Mr Turner（ ）. A. lived in the country B. was a good fisherman C. was interested in fishing D. disliked the noise of the cityD Happiness(幸福) is for everyone. You need to car

26、e about(关心) those people who have beautiful houses with large garders and swimming pools or those who have nice cars and a lot of money and so on. Why? Because those who have big houses may often feel lonely and those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads at their free time. In fact, h

27、appiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. When you are in trouble at school, your friends will help you; when you study hard at your lessons, your parents are always taking good care of your life and your health; when you get success, your friends will say congratulations（祝贺）to yo

28、u; when you do something wrong, people around you will help you to correct it. And when you do something good to others, you will feel happy too. All these are your happiness. If you notice them, you can see that happiness is always around you. Happiness is not the same as money. It is a feeling of

29、your heart. When you are poor, you can also say you are happy, because you have something else that cant be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties, you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have something else that cant be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties, you

30、can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge (挑战) yourself. So you cant always say you are poor and you have bad luck. As the saying goes, life is like a revolving(旋转) door. When it closes, it also opens, If you every take chance to get, you can be a happy and lucky

31、person. 1. Happiness is for（ ）. A. those who have large and beautiful house B. those who have cars C. those who have a lot of money D. all people 2. When you do something wrong,（ ）. A. people around you will help you B. you will have no chance to challenge yourself C. your classmates will laugh at y

32、ou D. you will be happy 3. Which is TRUE according to the passage?（ ） A. When you get success, your friends will be very proud of you. B. You can get help from others when you make mistakes. C. You can still be a happy person even if you have little money. D. All the above. 4. Why do we say Happines

33、s is not the same as money? Because（ ）. A. money always brings happiness B. money doesn t always,bring happiness C. everything can be bought with money D. only rich people have happiness 5. Which is the best title of the passage? A. Happiness B. Happy and LuckyC. Do Something Good to Others D. Money

34、Unit 2A Frenchman went to a small Italian town and was staying with his wife at the hotel. One night, he went out for a walk alone. It was late and the small street was dark and quiet. Suddenly he felt someone behind him. He turned his head and saw an Italian young man who quickly walked past him. T

35、he man was nearly out of sight when the Frenchman suddenly found that his watch was gone. He thought that it must be the Italian who had taken his watch. He decided to follow him and get back the watch. Soon the French caught up with the Italian. Neither of them understood the others language. The F

36、renchman frightened (威胁) the Italian with his fist (拳头) and pointed at the Italians watch. In the end the Italian gave up his watch to the Frenchman. When he returned to the hotel, the Frenchman told his wife what had happened. He was greatly surprised when his wife pointed to the watch on the table

37、. Now he realized(意识到) that by mistake he had robbed（抢劫）the watch and it was the Italians.1. The Frenchman went to a small town（ ）. A. alone B. with his wife C. with his friend D. with an Italian2. One night he went out to for （ ） alone. A. a ride B. a walk C. a drink D. rest3. Suddenly he found his

38、 （ ） was gone. A. watch B. money C. book D. ring 4. The Italian gave up his watch to him at last because（ ）. A. he had stolen(偷) the watch from the Frenchman B. he understood what the Frenchman wanted c. he had picked up the watch on his way from work D. he was afraid of the Frenchman5. Who was robb

39、ed of the watch on earth?（ ） A. The Frenchman was B. The Italian was C. Both of them were D. Neither of them wasB Most of the time, magicians(魔术师) give good shows, but every magician has given a show that was terrible or has tried to do a trick (戏法)that didnt go right. Howard Thurston, a famous magi

40、cian, made some interesting mistakes on the stage. Thurston did a famous Indian trick with a girl. The girl climbed into a box. Then the box was pulled up above the stage. Thurston shouted, Iasia, garawallah, go! The box opened and the girl was gone. Wonderful! Wonderful ! One night, after the show,

41、 a man asked the magician, Please tell me where you learned your magic words? Thurston answered, Ive traveled in India and often heard garawallah on the street there. I thought it was a good word for an Indian trick. The man smiled and said, Im from India. That word means Hey, bus ! Another mistake

42、stayed in Thurston s show. In one trick, he cut off the heads of two chickens and two ducks and put ttleir bodies inside a magic box. Then he opened the box and found four living birds with heads on them. This was the way the trick was done. The birds heads were tied under their wings. Then false he

43、ads were tied on the birds heads before they were brought on the stage. Thurston cut off these false heads and put the birds in the box. His helper was also in the box. He could put new false heads on the birds faster than he could untie the true heads. So after Thurston put the birdsinside the box,

44、 his helper tied on false heads. One night, the helper made a mistake. He tied the chicken heads on the ducks and then tied the duck heads on the chickens. The birds came out of the box, and the people laughed and laughed.1. Garawallah means（ ）. A. after Thurston shouted the word, the girl being gon

45、e B. the people in India asking for the traffic C. the birds coming out of the box and making the people laugh D. an Indian trick2. According to the story, which of the following is TRUE?（ ） A. The tricks of magicians never go wrong. B. The Indian man isnt interested in the magic words at all. C. Th

46、e birds heads should be tied under the ducks wings. D. The people enjoyed the magic tricks very much.3. The best title of the story could be（ ）. A. A Careless Helper B. A Magicians Mistakes C. Good Shows D. Terrible Tricks4. How many people were there in the story?（ ） A. Four. B. Seven. C. Eight. D.

47、 Twelve.5. In fact, the second trick was a wonderful show. Could you guess what excuse the magician would say?（ ） A. Sorry, my helper made a mistake. B. Oh, dear! Whats the matter with the birds? C. Look ! How magic my birds are ! D. Oh, I really dont know what has happened.C Dustin Tarbell, 7 years

48、 old, and his little brother David, 4 years old, were at their baby-sitters house. Suddenly, Dustin heard screams (尖叫声) from the clothes dryer. The machine was on, and David was tumbling around inside. Just before, Dustin and David were playing hide-and-seek with friends. There were no clothes in th

49、e dryer, and David got inside to hide. Then another child closed the door and turned the dryer on. Dustin pulled open the door of the dryer and reached inside. Usually a dryer stops when someone opens the door, but this machine was broken, and it kept turning as David screamed. Dustin grabbed his br

50、others shirt. He tried to pull him out, but he couldnt. He left his arms twist, but he hung on. Then Dustin heard his arms crack. He still didnt let go. At last the dryer stopped, and Dustin pulled David out. Dustin went to the hospital. He had two broken arms. But he smiled as he hugged his little

51、brother. Kim and Robin Tarbell, the boys parents, said they were very proud of their son Dustin. David said, Dustins a superhero. Later, the baby-sitter tried to mend the dryer. He was a strong man. He tried to stop the dryer with his hands, but he couldnt stop it. Nobody could understand how a big,

52、 strong man couldnt stop the dryer, but a 7-year-old boy could. Everyone said, Its a miracle. 1. Why was David in the dryer?（ ） A. He was trying to mend the machine. B. He played the hide-and-seek with the friends. C.He wanted to wash the clothes in the dryer. D. He fell into the dryer when he playe

53、d the hide-and-seek.2. Why did Dustin open the door of the dryer and reach inside?（ ） A. He was looking for David. B. He tried to pull David out. C. He tried to stop David from screaming. D. He wanted to turn off the machine.3. Which is the right order of the following sentences according to the text? （ ） a. Another child closed the door and turned the dryer on. b. David got inside the dryer. c. Dustin came and tried to help him out. d. David screamed in the dryer. A. b,c,d,a B. d,b,c,a C. b,d,c,a D. b,a,d,c4. What does the underlined word mirac