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1、2018年6月四级真题(第一套)PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayontheimportanceofreadingabilityandhowtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words._PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsrepor
2、ts.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonth
3、enewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Thereturnofabottledmessagetoitsownersdaughter.B)ANewHampshiremansjokewithfriendsonhiswife.C)Afathersmessageforhisdaughter.D)Thehistoryofacentury-oldmotel.2.A)Shewantedtoshowgratitudeforhiskindness.B)Shewantedtohonorherfatherspromise.C)Shehadbeenaskedbyherfathertodoso.
4、D)Shewasexcitedtoseeherfathershandwriting.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)Peoplewereconcernedaboutthenumberofbees.B)SeveralcasesofZikadiseasehadbeenidentified.C)Twomillionbeeswereinfectedwithdisease.D)Zikavirushaddestroyedsomebeefarms.4.A)Itapologizedtoitscustomers.B)Itwasf
5、orcedtokillitsbees.C)Itlostahugestockofbees.D)Itlost2.5milliondollars.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Itstayedintheairforabouttwohours.B)Ittookoffandlandedonafootballfield.C)Itprovedtobeofhighcommercialvalue.D)Itmadeaseriesofsharpturnsinthesky.6.A)Engineeringproblems.B)Theai
6、rpollutionitproduced.C)Inadequatefunding.D)Theoppositionfromthemilitary.7.A)Itusesthelatestaviationtechnology.B)Itfliesfasterthanacommercialjet.C)Itisasafermeansoftransportation.D)Itismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversat
7、ion,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejusthear
8、d.8.A)Itseemsadepressingtopic.B)Itsoundsquitealarming.C)Ithaslittleimpactonourdailylife.D)Itisgettingmoreseriousthesedays.9.A)ThemandoesntunderstandSpanish.B)Thewomandoesntreallylikedancing.C)Theydontwantsomethingtoonoisy.D)Theycantmakeittothetheatreintime.10.A)ItwouldbemorefunwithoutMr.Whiteheadhos
9、ting.B)Ithastoomanyactstoholdtheaudiencesattention.C)Itisthemostamusingshowhehaseverwatched.D)Itisashowinappropriateforanightofcharity.11.A)Watchacomedy.B)Goandseethedance.C)Booktheticketsonline.D)Seeafilmwiththeman.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Mostofherschoolmatesar
10、eyoungerthansheis.B)Shesimplyhasnoideawhatschooltotransferto.C)Therearetoomanyactivitiesforhertocopewith.D)Sheworriesshewontfitinasatransferstudent.13.A)Seekadvicefromseniorstudents.B)Pickupsomemeaningfulhobbies.C)Participateinafter-schoolactivities.D)Lookintowhattheschooloffers.14.A)Giveherhelpwhen
11、eversheneedsit.B)Acceptherasatransferstudent.C)Findheraccommodationoncampus.D)Introducehertoherroommates.15.A)ShehasinterestssimilartoMr.Lees.B)ShehasbecomefriendswithCatherine.C)ShehaschosenthemajorCatherinehas.D)Shehasjusttransferredtothecollege.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepas
12、sages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthe
13、passageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Toinvestigatehowbeingoverweightimpactsonhealth.B)Tofindoutwhichphysicaldriveisthemostpowerful.C)Todiscoverwhatmostmiceliketoeat.D)Todeterminewhatfeelingsmicehave.17.A)Whentheyarehungry.B)Whentheyarethirsty.C)Whentheysmellfood.D)Whentheywantcompany.18.A)Theysearchforfoodi
14、ngroups.B)Theyareoverweightwhenfoodisplenty.C)Theyprefertobewithothermice.D)Theyenjoythecompanyofotheranimals.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)ItsconstructionstartedbeforeWorldWarI.B)Itsconstructioncostmorethan$ 40billion.C)Itisefficientlyusedfortransport.D)Itisoneofthebestin
15、theworld.20.A)Toimprovetransportationinthecountryside.B)Tomovetroopsquicklyfromplacetoplace.C)Toenablepeopletotravelatahigherspeed.D)Tospeedupthetransportationofgoods.21.A)Inthe1970s.B)Inthe1960s.C)Inthe1950s.D)Inthe1940s.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Chattingwhiledriving.
16、B)Messagingwhiledriving.C)Drivingunderage.D)Speedingonhighways.23.A)Agadgettoholdaphoneonthesteeringwheel.B)Agadgettochargethephoneinacar.C)Adevicetocontrolthespeedofavehicle.D)Adevicetoensurepeopledrivewithbothhands.24.A)Thecarkeepsflashingitsheadlights.B)Thecarslowsdowngraduallytoahalt.C)Theyareal
17、ertedwithalightandasound.D)Theygetawarningontheirsmartphone.25.A)Installingacamera.B)Usingaconnectedapp.C)Checkingtheiremails.D)Keepingadailyrecord.PartReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofcho
18、icesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.AnofficetoweronMillerStreetin
19、Manchesteriscompletelycoveredinsolarpanels.Theyareusedtocreatesomeoftheenergyusedbytheinsurancecompanyinside.Whenthetowerwasfirst26in1962,itwascoveredwiththinsquarestones.Thesesmallsquarestonesbecameaproblemforthebuildingandcontinuedtofalloffthefacefor40yearsuntilamajorrenovationwas27.Duringthisreno
20、vationthebuildingsowners,CIS,28thesolarpanelcompany,Solarcentury.Theyagreedtocovertheentirebuildinginsolarpanels.In2004,thecompletedCIStowerbecameEuropeslargest29ofverticalsolarpanels.Averticalsolarprojectonsuchalarge30hasneverbeenrepeatedsince.Coveringaskyscraperwithsolarpanelshadneverbeendonebefor
21、e,andtheCIStowerwaschosenasoneofthe10bestgreenenergyprojects.Foralongtimeafterthisrenovationproject,itwasthetallestbuildingintheUnitedKingdom,butitwas31overtakenbytheMillbankTower.Greenbuildingslikethisarent32cost-efficientfortheinvestor,butitdoesproducemuchlesspollutionthanthatcausedbyenergy33throu
22、ghfossilfuels.Assolarpanelsget34,theworldislikelytoseemoreskyscraperscoveredinsolarpanels,collectingenergymuchliketreesdo.Imagineaworldwherebuildingthetallestskyscraperwasntaraceof35,butratheronetocollectthemostsolarenergy.A)cheaperB)cleanerC)collectionD)competedE)constructedF)consultedG)dimensionH)
23、discoveredI)eventuallyJ)heightK)necessarilyL)productionM)rangeN)scaleO)undertakenSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagra
24、phmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.SomeCollegeStudentsAreAngryThatTheyHavetoPaytoDoTheirHomeworkA)Digitallearningsystemsnowchargestudentsforaccesscodesneededtocompletecoursework,takequizzes,andturninhomework.Asuniversitiesg
25、odigital,studentsarecomplainingofanewhittotheirfinancesthatsreplacingandsometimesjoiningexpensivetextbooks:priceyonlineaccesscodesthatarerequiredtocompletecourseworkandsubmitassignments.B)Thecodeswhichtypicallyrangeinpricefrom$ 80to$ 155percoursegivestudentsonlineaccesstosystemsdevelopedbyeducationc
26、ompanieslikeMcGrawHillandPearson.Thesecompanies,whichlongreapedbigprofitsastextbookpublishers,haveboastedthattheirnewonlineofferings,whenpushedtostudentsthroughuniversitiestheypartnerwith,representthefutureoftheindustry.C)Butcriticssaythedigitalaccesscodesrepresentthesameprofit-seekingethos(观念)ofthe
27、textbookbusiness,andareevenharderforstudentstooptoutof.Whiletheycouldoncebuysecond-handtextbooks,orsharecopieswithfriends,thedigitalsystemsareessentiallyimpossibletoavoid.D) Whenwetalkabouttheaccesscodeweseeitasthenewfaceofthetextbookmonopoly(垄断),anewwaytolockstudentsaroundthissystem,saidEthanSenack
28、,thehighereducationadvocatefortheU.S.PublicInterestResearchGroup,toBuzzFeedNews. Ratherthan$250 (foraprinttextbook)yourepaying$ 120,saidSenack. Butbecauseitsalldigitaliteliminatestheusedbookmarketandeliminatesanysharingandbecausehomeworkandtestsarethroughanaccesscode,iteliminatesanyabilitytooptout.E
29、)SarinaHarpet,a19-year-oldstudentatVirginiaTech,wasfacedwithatoughdilemmawhenshefirststartedcollegein2015payrentorpaytoturninherchemistryhomework.ShetoldBuzzFeedNewsthatherfreshmanchemistryclassrequiredhertouseConnect,asystemprovidedbyMcGrawHillwherestudentscansubmithomework,takeexamsandtracktheirgr
30、ades.Butthecodetoaccesstheprogramcost$ 120abigsumforHarper,whohadalreadyputdown$ 450fortextbooks,andhadrentdayapproaching.F)Shedecidedtowaitforhernextwork-studypaycheck,whichwastypically$ 150- $ 200,topayforthecode.Sheknewthatherchemistrygrademaytakeadiveasaresult. Itsabalancingact,shesaid. CanIreal
31、lyaffordtheseaccesscodesnow?Shedidnthandinherfirsttwoassignmentsforchemistry,whichstartedheroutintheclasswithafailinggrade.G)Theaccesscodesmaybeanotherfinancialheadacheforstudents,butfortextbookbusinesses,theyrethefuture.McGrawHill,whichcontrols21%ofthehighereducationmarket,reportedinMarchthatitsdig
32、italcontentsalesexceededprintsalesforthefirsttimein2015.Thecompanysaidthat45%ofits$ 140millionrevenuein2015 wasderivedfromdigitalproducts.H)APearsonspokespersontoldBuzzFeedNewsthatdigitalmaterialsarelessexpensiveandagoodinvestmentthatoffernewfeatures,likeaudiotexts,personalizedknowledgechecksandexpe
33、rtvideos.Itsdigitalcoursematerialssavestudentsupto60%comparedtotraditionalprintedtextbooks,thecompanyadded.McGrawHilldidntrespondtoarequestforcomment,butitsCEODavidLevintoldtheFinancialTimesinAugustthatinhighereducation,theeraoftheprintedtextbookisnowover.I)Thetextbookindustryinsiststheonlinesystems
34、representabetterdealforstudents. Thesedigitalproductsarentjustmechanismsforstudentstosubmithomework,theyofferallkindsoffeatures,DavidAnderson,theexecutivedirectorofhighereducationwiththeAssociationofAmericanPublishers,toldBuzzFeedNews. Ithelpsstudentsunderstandinawaythatyoucantdowithprinthomeworkass
35、ignments.J)DavidHunt,anassociateprofessorinsociologyatAugustaUniversity,whichhasrolledoutdigitaltextbooksacrossitsmathandpsychologydepartments,toldBuzzFeedNewsthatheunderstandstheutilityofusingsystemsthatrequireaccesscodes.Buthedoesntrequirehisstudentstobuyaccesstoalearningprogramthatcontrolstheclas
36、sassignments. Itrytomakethingsasinexpensiveaspossible,saidHunt,whousesfreedigitaltextbooksforhisclassesbutdesignshisowncurriculum. TheonlinesystemsmaymakemylifealoteasierbutIfeellikeImgivingupcontrol.Thediscussionsarethethingswheremyexpertisecanbenefitthestudentsmost.K)A20-year-oldjunioratGeorgiaSou
37、thernUniversitytoldBuzzFeedNewsthatshenormallyspends$ 500-$ 600onaccesscodesforclass.Inonecase,theprofessordidntrequirestudentstobuyatextbook,justanaccesscodetoturninhomework.Thisyearshesaidshespent$ 900onaccesscodestobooksandprograms. Thatstwomonthsofrent,shesaid. Youcantsellanyofitback.Withatradit
38、ionaltextbookyoucansellitfor$ 30 - $ 50andthathelpstopayforyournewsemestersbooks.Withanaccesscode,youreoutofthatmoney. L)BenjaminWolverton,a19-year-oldstudentattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,toldBuzzFeedNewsthatitsridiculousthatafterpayingtensofthousandsintuitionwehavetopayforalltheseaccesscodestodoou
39、rhomework.Manyoftheaccesscodeshespurchasedhavebeenrequiredsimplytocompletehomeworkorquizzes. Oftenitsonly10%ofyourgradeinclass.hesaid. Yourepayingsomuchmoneyforsomethingthathardlyaffectsyourgradebutifyoudidnthaveit,itwouldaffectyourgradesenough.ItwouldbebadtostartoutataBorC.Wolvertonsaidhespent$ 500
40、onaccesscodesfordigitalbooksandprogramsthissemester.M)Harper,apoultry(家禽)sciencemajor,istakingchemistryagainthisyearandhadtobuyanewaccesscodetohandinherhomework.Sherentedhereconomicsandstatisticstextbooksforabout$ 20each.Butheraccesscodesforhomework,whichcantberentedorboughtsecond-hand,werehermostex
41、pensivepurchases: $ 120and$ 85.N)Shestillremembersthestingofherfirstexperienceskippinganassignmentduetothehighprices. Wedontreallyhaveamissedassignmentpolicy,shesaid. Ifyoumissit,youjustmissit.Ijustgotzerosonacoupleoffirstassignments.Imanagedtopulleverythingbackup.Butasascaredfreshmanlookingattheirg
42、rades,itsnotfun.36.Astudentsyearlyexpensesonaccesscodesmayamounttotheirrentfortwomonths.37.Theonlineaccesscodesmaybeseenasawaytotiethestudentstothedigitalsystem.38.Ifastudenttakesacourseagain,theymayhavetobuyanewaccesscodetosubmittheirassignments.39.McGrawHillaccountsforoverone-fifthofthemarketshare
43、ofcollegetextbooks.40.Manytraditionaltextbookpublishersarenowofferingonlinedigitalproducts,whichtheybelievewillbethefutureofthepublishingbusiness.41.Onestudentcomplainedthattheynowhadtopayforaccesscodesinadditiontothehightuition.42.Digitalmaterialscancoststudentslessthanhalfthepriceoftraditionalprin
44、tedbooksaccordingtoapublisher.43.Onestudentdecidednottobuyheraccesscodeuntilshereceivedthepayforherpart-timejob.44.Onlinesystemsmaydepriveteachersofopportunitiestomakethebestuseoftheirexpertisefortheirstudents.45.Digitalaccesscodesarecriticizedbecausetheyareprofit-drivenjustlikethetextbookbusiness.S
45、ectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46and50arebasedo
46、nthefollowingpassage.Losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettyscary.Weknowtheriskofdementia(痴呆症)increaseswithage.Butifyouhavememoryslips,youprobablyneedntworry.Thereareprettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaandage-relatedmemoryloss.Afterage50,itsquitecommontohavetroublerememberingthenamesofpe
47、ople,placesandthingsquickly,saysDr.KirkDaffnerofBrighamandWomensHospitalinBoston.Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.Certainpartsshrink,especiallyareasinthebrainthatareimportanttolearning,memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Andbloodflowcanber
48、educedasbloodvesselsnarrow.Forgettingthenameofanactorinafavoritemovie,forexample,isnothingtoworryabout.Butifyouforgettheplotofthemovieordontrememberevenseeingit,thatsfarmoreconcerning,Daffnersays.Whenyouforgetentireexperiences,hesays,thatsaredflagthatsomethingmoreseriousmaybeinvolved.Forgettinghowtooperateafamiliarobjectlikeamicrowaveoven,orforgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyouvevisitedmanytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwr
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