大学英语精读2U3

1、Unit Three,My First Job,Todays Objectives,Get to know the background information: types of schools in Britain ,A Want Advertisement,Background Information,The contact person(联系人), either the employer himself or a representative of his, will advise the applicant(申请人) about the job if it has not yet b

2、een taken, and grant(给予) the applicant an interview if he or she chooses to. Occasionally an interview may take place by phone, but most often the contact person would want to see the applicant in person(当面);,Background Information,3) If an interview is granted, the applicant will be asked many ques

3、tions both personal and professional so that the employer can decide whether or not the applicant is suitable for the job. The applicant may also ask questions as he or she, too, must make sure whether the job is suitable for him or her.,1. It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what

4、 you do. Winston Churchill, British prime minister,不能爱哪行才干哪行， 要干哪行爱哪行。 英国首相 温斯顿邱吉尔,2. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.,世上无难事，只怕有心人。,Famous Sayings,3Where there is a will, there is a way.,有志者，事竟成。,4. Great works are performed not by strength, but by perseverance. Sam

5、uel Johnson, British writer and critic,完成伟大的事业不在于体力， 而在于坚韧不拔的毅力。 - 英国作家和评论家 S. 约翰逊,Famous Sayings,Text Structure:,3 minutes to scan the text and finish the following part.,My First Job,Part I: Para _,Part II: Para _,Part III: Para _,The reason why the young man wanted to find a job.,His disappointin

6、g experience of the interview.,His final decision to take the job or not.,1,2 8,9,Text Analysis,Exercise A: Read through the first part, and choose the best answer to complete the following statements.,Global Reading,1) The author applied for the teaching post because _. a. he wanted to gain some ex

7、perience in teaching b. he had a good mind to move to the suburbs for a change c. he needed money and wanted to do something useful d. he wanted to get a degree,C (para1, line 3),Global Reading,2) When the author applied for the job, he thought that _. a. it would help him in getting a degree b. he

8、had little hope of getting it c. he was the right person for it d. he had a good chance of getting it,b (para1, line 4-5),Global Reading,Exercise B: Read through the second part and decide whether the following statements about the text are true or false.,So False!,True or False,1. When the young ma

9、n arrived at the school for the interview, he felt very nervous. ( F ) ( Para 2, Line 8-9) As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous. 2. The headmaster was not satisfied at the first sight of the young man. ( T ) (Para 5, Line 16-17) He looked at me with an air of sur

10、prised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone.,True or False,3. The young man thought that the headmaster used his study as a dining-room because the headmaster was eating there when he arrived. ( F ) ( Line 19-20) His study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet

11、, was also his dining-room.,True or False,4. The headmaster believed that games were very important to a boys education. ( T ) (Para 3, Line 23-27) he asked me whether I thought games were a vital part of a boys education. I mumbled something about not attaching too much importance to them. He grunt

12、ed. I had said the wrong thing. The headmaster and I obviously had very little in common.,True or False,5. The young man would have to teach all the subjects in the school. ( F ) (Para 6, Line 29-30) I should have to teach all subjects except art, which he taught himself. 6. The idea of Saturday aft

13、ernoon cricket was even more discouraging because the young man was incompetent with it. ( F ) (Para 6, Line 35-37) Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.,Exercise C Discussion,1. Did the young man accept the job at the en

14、d of the story? Why or why not?,No, he didnt. There were two reasons. The first reason was that the teaching set-up（体制） was too heavy. The second and the more important one is that he didnt want to be an inferior to（劣于） a woman.,Global Reading,Globe Reading4,Which word would you use, if you are aske

15、d to use an adjective to describe Michaels experience of his first job interview?,Exercise D:,Global Reading,Disappointing !,Find out the words showing Michaels disappointment before and during the interview.,awkward journey; too depressed to feel nervous; struggle to survive ; short and fat; with a

16、n air of surprised disapproval; as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlace were undone; The narrow, sunless hall smelled unpleasantly of stale cabbage; then fixing me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes; He grunted.; I was dismayed at; Worse perhaps was the idea; Before I could protest ; This

17、was the last straw; the prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.,Language Points,apply prove depress smell of stale attach consist competent salary,Language Points,1. apply(Para1, L4): vi. 1) write or ask for (a job, membership, etc.) officially 申请，请求 He has applied for

18、a post in England. 他已申请在英国供职。 翻译： John于上周向那所著名的大学提交了工作申请。 Last week John applied to that famous university for a job. 注意：apply for (a post/job) apply to (a place) for (a post/job),Language Points,2) have an effect on or concern a person, group, or situation: 起作用，适用于 (apply to) The rules of safe driv

19、ing apply to everyone. 安全驾驶条例适用于每个人 翻译：这条规定只适用于60岁以上的人群,This rule only applies to people above 60.,Language Points,apply: vt 1) use or put into use 应用 We should apply a theory to practice. 我们应该把理论应用到实践当中。 翻译：新技术现在几乎应用到了各个工业领域。 New technology is being _ _. 2) devote (oneself or ones efforts) to somet

20、hing (后常接oneself) 使致力于，使专心从事 I have applied myself to my studies since I failed to pass the exam last semester.,applied to almost every industrial area,Language Points,2. prove(Para2, L2): v. turn out to be 证明 patterns: prove + n.; prove + (to be) adj.; prove + that- clause; prove to sb. + that-clau

21、se; 1) prove + n. He proved_. 他证明了是个很有用的朋友。 2) prove + adj. The rumor proved_. 流言证明是真实的。,a very useful friend,(to be) true,Language Points,3) prove + that- clause It is impossible to prove_. 人们无法证明上帝的存在。 4) prove to sb. + that-clause Ill prove to the world that I was right. 我将向世人证明我是对的。,that God exi

22、sts,3. depress (Para2, L9) vt.,Language Points,make sad; discourage 使沮丧 e.g.:He was depressed because he had not passed his examinations. 他很沮丧，因为他没有通过考试。 翻译：Wet weather _. (总使我心情抑郁） 2) press, push or pull down 按，压，下拉,always depresses me,e.g.: The worker depressed the lever （控制杆）to start the machine.

23、 工人压下控制杆开动机器。,Language Points,3) make lower 降低，减少 4）make trade, business, etc. less active 使萧条，使不景气,e.g.: The OPEC countries depressed their oil output a month ago.,e.g.: The recession has depressed the housing market.,一个月前，石油输出国组织降低了其石油产量。,经济衰退导致了住房市场不景气。,Language Points,4. smell (Para5, L3) vi. 用法

24、： 1) smell + adj.: something has a particular smell. e.g: The milk smells sour. 牛奶有酸味了。 翻译： 汤闻起来很香。 That soup smells delicious.,Language Points,2) smell of + sth. : has a particular smell of something. e.g: The new house smells of fresh paint. 这新房子有股未干的油漆气味。 翻译： 房间里一股烟味 The room smells of cigarettes

25、. 3) smell at: 嗅，闻 She smelled at the flower.,Language Points,smell vt. to notice or recognize a particular smell 嗅出，闻出 I think I smelled chocolate. 我想我闻到了巧克力的味道。 I could smell that the milk wasnt fresh. smell n. 气味 I opened the window to get rid of the smell of beer and cigarettes. 翻译：房间里充满了酒精的味道。

26、The smell of alcohol filled the room.,Language Points,5. stale (Para5, L3): adj. 1) not fresh 不新鲜 Dont eat those stale biscuits. 别吃那些发霉的饼干。 翻译： 这些圆白菜已经变坏了。 These cabbages have gone stale.,Language Points,2) no longer interesting or exciting 陈旧的，无新意的 We have heard all these stale old jokes long befor

27、e. 翻译： 他们的婚姻已了无热情。,Their marriage_ .,had gone stale,Language Points,Collocation:,feel/get stale go stale stale joke stale news stale check,对没兴趣 变得不新鲜 陈旧的笑话 过时消息 过期支票,6. attach (Para5, L25） vt. consider sth. to be important or significant; treat as important 认为重要，有意义；重视 翻译：我们要把发展经济的工作放在第一位。 We should

28、_ _. 2) attach sth ( to sth): to fasten or join one thing to another 把固定，把附（在上） e.g: Attach a recent photograph to your application form.,Language Points,attach primary importance to the development of economy,Language Points,Collocation:,attach oneself to attach to attached, please find,依附; 参加(党派等)

29、; 热爱, 依恋 认为有(重要性、意义等); 归因于, 适用于 书信用语附上请查收,Language Points,7. consist (Para6, L1): vi. 1) consist of = be made up of e.g: The cake consists mainly of sugar, flour and butter. 这块蛋糕主要由糖，面粉和黄油做成的。 翻译：,大学由教师,行政人员和学生组成。,A university consists of teachers, administrators and students.,Language Points,2）cons

30、ist in: based on or depend upon something 在于，存在于 e.g: The beauty of the picture consists in its balance of colors. 这幅画的美在于其色彩的调和,翻译： 快乐在于满足一个人所拥 有的东西。,Happiness consists in being contented with what one has.,Language Points,注意：consist 不能用被动形式和进行时 CF:, consist compose comprise constitute,以下这些动词均含 “组成

31、，构成” 之意,Language Points,consist：与 of 连用，不用被动态，指一个整体由几个部分组 成，或由某些材料构成。例如： New York City consists of five boroughs. 纽约市由五个行政区组成。 compose:正式用词，多用被动态。指将两个或两个以上的人或 物放到一起形成一个整体。例如： Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氢和氧组合而成的。,Language Points,comprise: 正式用词，指整体是由几个独立的部分所组成。 例如： 1) The United Stat

32、es comprises fifty states. 美国有五十个州。(包含，包括) 2) The citys population is largely comprised of Asians and Europeans. 城市的居民主要由亚洲人和欧洲人组成。(由组成) 3) Fifty States comprise the United States. 五十个州组成了美国。(构成),Language Points,constitute: 正式用词，指由某些部分组成一个整体或构成某 物的基本成分，在句中，主语表示事物的组成部 分，宾语表示事物的整体。 例如： 1) The committe

33、e is constituted of members of all three parties. 委员会由三个政党的成员组成。 2) This move constitutes an act of aggression. 这一举动构成了侵略行为。,Language Points,In summary, we could say: The United States consists of/is made up of/is composed of/comprises fifty states. and: Fifty states make up/comprise/constitute the

34、United States. Grammar: These words are not used in progressive tenses in these meanings.,Language Points,8. competent: adj. good enough at doing sth., skillful 有能力的，胜任的,be competent for sth.(doing sth.); be competent + to v.; be competent as sth.; be competent at / in sth.,e.g.: She is competent fo

35、r her work.,Pattern:,Is he competent as an accountant?,Mary is competent in her field.,Language Points,competent的反义词是incompetent， 意为“无能力的，不能胜任的”。 incompetent的名词形式为incompetence， 意为“不称职” 翻译：,他因不称职而遭辞退。,e.g.: He is an incompetent candidate. 他是一个不合格的候选人。,He was dismissed for incompetence.,Language Point

36、s,9. salary (Para8, L1): n. fixed (usually monthly) pay for regular work 工资，薪水 e.g: He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. 他工资很高，可是他老是从朋友那里借钱后不还。 翻译： 他终于在一家薪水高的公司里找到 一份工作。 He finally got a job in a company paying good salaries.,Language Points,CF:

37、 以下几个名词都可表示 “工资，收入” 之意, salary wage pay fees,Language Points,salary: salary is paid to someone once a month, especially to professional people, managers etc and usually goes directly into their bank account. e.g: a salary of $100,000 a year (注：指按年定下，按月平均给予的报酬，一般指脑力 劳动者的薪水。) wages: wages are paid wee

38、kly, usually in the form of coins and notes, especially to people whose job is not professional, or in management etc. e.g: Wages at the cannery(罐头厂) are very low. (注：wage多用复数形式，指按小时、日或星期的报 酬，通常指体力劳动者的工资。),Language Points,pay: money given to someone in return for work is called pay. e.g: Truck drive

39、rs are demanding higher pay. (注：是个通用词，可取代salary与wage。) fee: a fee is money that some professions charge for a particular service they have done. e.g: Im afraid I cant afford the doctors fee. tuition fees (学费) (注：指提供某种服务收取的固定费用。),Language Points,Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Ch

40、ange the form where necessary. Tax and insurance are deducted from your_. 2. Teachers, government officials and clerks receive_. 3. School _ are high in that country. He doesnt like the job, but the _ is good. His _ are three hundred dollars a week.,salary,salary,fees,salary/pay,wages,申请,地方报纸,教师职位,在

41、郊区,手头拮据,做的可能性很小,结果,太沮丧以至于不感到紧张,apply for,local newspaper,teaching post,in a suburb of,be short of money,the chance of doing sth. is slim,as a result,too depressed to feel nervous,挣扎着活下来,struggle to survive,繁忙的大街,busy main road,布满皱纹的前额,a wrinkled forehead,1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.,Useful Exp

42、ressions,不以为然的神态,散发出气味,根据判断,的极为重要的组成部分,重视,没有多少共同语言,从到不等,with an air of disapproval,smell of,judging by/from,a vital part of,attach importance to,have very little in common,range from to ,教学计划,轮流做,teaching set-up,do sth. in turn,享受闲暇之乐,终于使人不能忍受的最后一击,enjoy leisure,the last straw,12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17

43、. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.,Useful Expressions,Summary,Directions: Rearrange the order of the pictures and then describe them one by one.,4,1,5,3,2,Summary,I saw a teaching post advertised in_（一家当地报纸）. _(由于缺钱) and wanting to do something useful, I_ (申请)the post.,a local newspaper,Being short of money,appl

44、ied for,Summary,Three days later _(来了一封信), asking me to go to Croydon for_（面试）. _（结果）， I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous.,an interview,As a result,a letter arrived,Summary,_(很明显是校长本人) that opened the door. He was _(又矮又胖）. He had a _(沙色的） moustache, a _(布满皱纹的前额) and hardly

45、 any hair.,It was clearly the headmaster himself,short and fat,sandy-coloured,wrinkled forehead,Summary,However, _ (教学计划把我吓坏了). I had to teach all students _ (轮流) at different levels. And I _ (想到就沮丧) teaching some of the subjects at which I had been completely _(无法胜任的) at school.,the teaching set-up

46、 filled me with fear,in turn,was dismayed at the thought of,incompetent,Summary,The headmaster asked me to meet his wife, who was the one who really ran the school. That was _(无法忍受). I was very young: the prospect of_ (在女人手下工作) constituted the ultimate indignity.,the last straw,working under a woman

47、,Concluding Remarks,This story must have happened decades ago, because things have changed a great deal in English education. The conditions in English schools described in the text are not what they are today, but what they were at one time in the past.,Concluding Remarks,Croydon today is a suburb

48、of London, no longer a small rural village, and is easily approachable by public transportation. It is impossible today for a person without degree to get a teaching post in a primary or secondary school. Moreover, students are generally separated into classes by age and taught by separate teachers.

49、 One-room school houses are described in the story might still be found in small villages, but they are few and far between. And students no longer have school activities on Saturday.,Before Reading_2.21,Some famous places of interest in London,Big Ben Tower Bridge The Tower of London Buckingham Palace Trafalgar Square The British Museum The National Gallery,Before Reading_2.22,Big B