初中英语 定语从句讲义

1、定语从句，复合句中修饰那个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。官刑是官能的先行词，定语从句大体上有直接跟随其巧妙先行词的因果名词that，which，who，whom，whose和关系副词when，where，why。关系代词或关系副词在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，同时作为冠词的一个组成部分。归属节分为限制性归属节和非限制性归属节，中学主要学习限制性归属节。限制性定语从句与主语有很密切的关系，减去的话意思不完整的话，别人就会产生歧义，使用固定时一般不单独写主语和从句。作为宾语的关系代词可以省略。关系代词：that、which、who、whom、whose的用法：1。that:在其中可以指人，可以给

2、，也可以用作目的。例如：I like music that is quiet and gentle .(事物，主题)who s the man that is reading over there？have you returned the book(that)you borrored last week？(事物，宾语，可以省略)the girl(that)you saw just now is my cousin。(指人，用宾语，可以省略)，2。which:从中间只指事物是主语或宾语。范例：The book which is on the desk is mine。(意思是事物，主语)the

3、 news which he told me is really exceing。(指事物、事物、物件，可以省略)1。do you know the boy _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is statas2.the pen _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is on the desk is mine。3 .who:在它里，只有人，可以指主语，也可以用whom代替对象。示例：do you know the scient ist who gave us a talk yesterday？(用主语、主语、that

4、代替人)the boy who broke the window is called Jim。(用主语、主语、that代替人)this is the man(who)they were taling about just now。(可以用目标、Whom或that代替人，也可以省略)you can t wake a person who is pretending to be asleep .4 .whom:在attributive子句中，可以用人、对象、who或that代替，但不能省略介词。例如：do you know the man(whom/who/that)the teacher is

5、talking to？=do you know the man to whom the teacher is talking？she is the person(whom/who/that)You should turn to for help .=she is the person to whom you should turn for help . 1 . the man _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ this2.the man _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the head teacher is talking is

6、 nnswhose:在attributive子句中用作属性可以指人或事物。示例：this is the girl whose pronuncation is the best in our class。the old man lives in the room whose window faces south .注意：当谁是主体的时候，who和that，不能省略，当以人为对象的时候，whom，who也可以使用that，可以省略，但是介词会提前，当以关系代词作为介词的对象的时候，只能使用whom，不能省略。事物的时候可以用主语或宾语，that，which，只有宾语的时候才能省略。，在以下几个特殊

7、情况下，关系代词只使用that而不使用which:例如，当A:先行词被形容词修改为最高级别时，如this is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen(可以省略对象)this is the most beautful park that we have ve(宾语，可以省略)the only thing that she could do was to wait patienty。(宾语，可以省略)C:先行词修改为序数时，the first thing that web do in the morning is to clean the

8、 class room .(作为目标，可以省略)this is the third largest city that was founded in the 1980s .(给出)，D:前导符为否定代词时为is there anghing that I can do for you(宾语，可以省略)He did all that he could to help me。(宾语，可以省略)当：先行词是两个或两个以上分别代表人或事物的名词时，he told us many interesting things and persons that we had never heard here .(宾

9、语可以省略)F:的订单是who，which，印度的特殊疑问句时，who is the man that waiting for you？which is the tree that you planted three years ago？(宾语，可以省略)G:先行词是主要句子的表语和关系代词在从句中表示时he is not the boy that he used to be。China is no longer the country that it used to be，关系副词when，where，why的用法：1。when:从attributive子句到时间副词。示例：Do you s

10、till remember the day？You started high school on the day。=do you still remember the day that/which you started high school on？(that，which relational代名词在子句中可以省略为宾语)=do you still remember the day on which you started high school？(which作为介词的对象)=do you still remember the day when you started high school

11、？(相当于when on which“那一天”)Ill never forget the days。web used to study together in the days。=I ll never forget the days that/Which we used to study together in。(可以忽略对象)=I ll never forget the days in which we used to study toget ether=I ll never forget the days when weused to study together .(when相当于in

12、which“那天”)注：when是关系副词，在条款中“介词关系代词which，Ill never forget the dayswhere:作为定语从句的位置副词。例如：a. this is the house。the old man used to live in the house。=this is the house which/that the old man used to live in。(目标，可以省略)=this is the house in which the old man used to live。(介词in中的对象，不能省略)=this is the house wh

13、ere the old man live。(where=in which which )b . I often go to the parks。there are many beautful flowers in the parks。=I often go to the parks which/That there are many beautful flowers in。(目标，可以省略)=I often go to the parks in which there are many beautful flowers。(作为介词的对象，非空间)=I often go to the parks

14、 where there are many beautful flowers。(where=in which)注：where是关系副词，在条款中对应于“介词关系代词which”。，1 .this is the house _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the old man used to live in . 2 . this is the house _ _ _ school _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ there are over 2000 students，3 . why:Do you know the reare he didn t come to school for that reason .=do you know the reason which/tha