化工专业英语

1、学习：30，授课：1014091/2，specialized English for chemical engineering and technology，授课教师：Li Xia，联系电话：1523757333discuss the nature of thermo dynamics。state and describe briefly each of the three thermo dynamic laws . exp Ain the mechanisms of heat flow 3360 conduction，conection and radiationWhat is it goo

2、d for？Regarding thermo dynamics，the second question is more easily answer red，but an answer to the first is essential to an understanding of the sential翻译：在研究一个领域上花费很多时间和精力的时候，有理由提出以下两个问题。这个领域是什么？(研究)它的用途是什么？在热力学方面，回答第二个问题更容易，但回答第一个问题需要对该学科有更深入的了解。although it is doubtful that many expeerts or schola

3、rs would agree on a simple and precise definition of thermo dynamics，Neessty demands thands但是讨论了热力学的应用后，定义就容易完成了。applications of thermo dynamics there are two major applications of thermo dynamics，both of which are important to chemical engineers 3360，(I)The calculation of heat and work effects asso

4、ciated with processes as well as The calculation of The maximum work obtainable from a processes(ii)the establishment of relationships among the variables describing systems at equibrium， (1)需要计算与流程相关联的热效应和效果的计算和流程所获得的最大力，或驱动流程所需的最小(2)阐述了平衡系统中变量间关系的确定。The first application is suggested(建议，建议；暗示；暗示。使

5、人联想起。(启示录)by the name thermo dynamics，which implies heat in motion。most of these calculating can be made by the direct implementation of the first and second laws .翻译：第一个应用程序可以认为热力学是运动的热。可以直接利用第一定律和第二定律做很多计算。examples are calculating the work of compression a gas，performing an energy balance on an en

6、tire process or a process unit，Determining，the application of thermo dynamics to a partictular system results in the definition of useful properties and the establishment of a network of reference翻译：热力学在特殊系统中的应用，推导出有用函数的定义，以及这些函数和其他变量(如压力、温度、体积和摩尔分数)关系网络的决定。，Application 1 would not be possible unles

7、s a means exists for evaluationing the neceary thermo dynamic property changes required in implementation，翻译：热力学第一应用是不可能的，除非实际上使用第一、第二定律时，用于评估所需热力学函数变化的方法已经存在。通过已经建立的关系网络，可以从实验确定的数据中计算函数变化。Additionally，The network of relationships among The variables of a system allows The calculation of values of v

8、ariables which are either ununns此外，通过系统的变量关系网络，可以计算未知或易于测量的变量中实验确定的变量。For example，The heat of vaporizing a liquid can be calculated from measurements of The vapor pressure at several temperatures And densites OS例如，通过测量不同温度的蒸汽压和不同温度的液体和汽相密度，可以计算出的液体的汽化热，化学反应中任何温度下可获得的最大转化率，可以用参与该反应的每种物质的热量法来测量。2 .the

9、 nature of thermo dynamics the laws of thermo dynamics have an empirical or experiemental basis，And in the delineation(说明)Thus，Thermo dynamics might be broadly defined as a means of extending our experiemental ly gained knowledge of a system or as a framework for viework热力学定律有经验或实验基础，但解释其应用时，显然依赖于实验

10、测量。因此，热力学的泛化可以定义为扩大我们实验系统知识的一种手段(方法)，也可以定义为观察和关联系统行为的基本框架。to understand thermo dynamic，it is essential to keep an experiemental perspective，For if web do not have a physical apprecation For Thewe should always ask the following questions : how is this partiicular variable measureed？How，and form what

11、 type of data，is a partictular property calculates？翻译：为了理解热力学，需要有实验的观点。因为如果不能对我们研究的制度或现象进行物理正确的评价，热力学的方法就没有意义了。我们必须经常问以下问题：如何测量这个特殊的变量？如何计算，从什么类型的数据计算特殊函数？because of its experiemental foundation、thermo dynamics deals with macroscopic properties、or properties of matter in bulk、As OS，翻译：由于热力学的实验基础，热力学讨论宏函数或许多物质的函数，而不是微函数，微函数包含构成物质的原子或分子。宏函数可以直接测量，也可以从直接测量的函数中计算，而不依赖于特定理论。、convertsely、while microscopic properties are ultimately determined from experimental measurements、Their authenticity depends on热力学的权威就是这个。结果与物质的理论无关，受到尊重，为大家坦然接受。In addition to the certitude(