高中英语语法复习课件――虚拟语气

1、虚拟语气,Definition,虚语语气（the Subjunctive Mood）表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种非真实的假设、料想，或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。,1. 虚拟语气的考点 1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法； 2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法； 4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法； 5、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。,if引导的虚拟条件句,（一),If + 主 + did(were), 主+would/should/could/might +动词原形,If I were you, I would try it again.,1. 如果我是

2、你，我会再试一次。,2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。,If I had one million dollars, I would buy the plane.,与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,If +主 +had done sth, 主+would/should/could/might +动词完成式（have done）,If he had worked hard, he would have passed the examination.,1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。,If I had married her, I would have been unhappy.,2.要是

3、当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。,与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语),If he came here tomorrow, I would tell him about it.,If he were to come here tomorrow, I would tell him.,1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.,2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.,If + 主 + did(were to /should do), 主+would/should/ could/might +动词原形,倒装的If虚拟句,条件状语的倒装：,如果条件状语中有were,

4、 had, should时, 可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他,Were I you, I would try it again.,Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,If I were you, I would try it again.,If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,If it should snow t

5、omorrow, we wouldnt go out.,虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用,请求， 要求， 命今， 建议,Should+动词原型,惊异， 惋惜， 遗憾， 理应,advise, ask, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, suggest, etc以及相关名词，过去分词,important, strange, necessary, natural, essential/ vital（首要的）,imperative（必要的）,Its requested that all the students (should) wear s

6、chool uniforms at school.,My suggestion is that you ( should ) go home first before coming here.,He insisted that John (should ) do it.,It is necessary that we should get everything Ready by the end of the week,注意:当suggest 表示“暗示,表明”;insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时不用虚拟！,His accent suggests he comes from Hunan.,I

7、 insist that he was wrong,His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision,He insists that doing morning exercises does good to peoples health.,虚拟语气特殊句型：,1.wish that,2. as if /as though,3.would rather that,4.Its ( about/high) time that,1. wish that,现在： 过去： 将来 :,did /were(现在),had done(过去),would/

8、could+动词原形(将来),The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I _to it.,A. hadnt gone B. havent gone C. didnt go D. could not have gone,How I wish I _that! Everybody present was angry with me.,A. didnt go B. hadnt done C. wouldnt do D. wasnt doing,Tom can take his car apart and put it back togethe

9、r again.I certainly wish he _me how.,A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach,D,2. as if /though + Clause,现在： 过去： 将来 :,did /were(现在),had done(过去),She loves the baby as if it were her own son. He speaks as if he had been to the United States.,would+动词原形(将来),When a pencil is partly in a g

10、lass of water, it looks as if it _.,A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken,The actor is 58 years old. But he acts as if he _ a young man.,A. is B. will be C. am D. were,The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _rain.,A. is going to B. will C. was going to D. wou

11、ld,注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。,It looks as if you are tired.,3. Its (about/high) time that,did /were,Should +动词原形,Its time we worked hard. Its high time that we started.,1.It s high time that we _ to school. would B. went C. go D. will go 2.Its time we _ up our results . sum B. summed C. wil

12、l sum D. would sum,B,B,4. would rather that,现在： 过去： 未来：,过去时,过去完成时,过去时,I would rather you paid me now.,I would rather you had gone, too.,Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.,She says shed rather he _tomorrow instead of today. A. had B. should leave C. leaves D. left,Id rather you _ me the new

13、s. A. not tell B. not to tell C. didnt tell D. hadnt told,注意: 在主语would (had) rather that 宾语从句中，从句谓语一般用过去式表示虚拟形式。例如:,我真希望你告诉我真相。,Id rather you told me the truth.,我宁愿不再见着你。,Id rather I didnt see you again.,我倒希望他们和我一起去。,I would rather they went with me.,含蓄条件句,非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表示出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含 蓄条件句。含

14、蓄条件句大体有三种情况:,1. 条件暗含在短语中。如：without, but for, in case of. etc,What would I have done without you?,It would be easier to do it this way.,But for your help we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment.,2. 条件暗含在上下文中.如：or,otherwise,You might stay here forever. (可能暗含if you wanted to) We would have succeede

15、d. (可能暗含if we had kept trying) Your reputation would be ruined. (可能暗含if you should accept it) I was very busy yesterday. Otherwise I would have come to see you.,3.条件用其他形式来表示 If only (I wish)，but,suppose/ supposing/providing (if) etc.,I told him to go there himself, but perhaps I should have gone tog

16、ether with him.,Suppose you were in my shoes, what should you do,If only we had followed your advice!,10 If only I _ to my parents advice! A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened 11 -Why didnt you come to the party yesterday? -I _ , but an unexpected visitor came to see me. A. did B.

17、would C. had D. was going to,错综条件句,虚拟条件句中的主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致，这时主句和从句的谓语形式应按照各自动作发生的实际时间来表达,If you hadnt lent me some money, I couldnt have bought the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now. 假若你不借钱给我， 我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。 （从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）,If you had followed

18、my advice, you_ able to finish the work now. would be B. would have been C. had done D. was going to If he had not gone out in the storm,_. he will be alive now. he would be alive now. he would have been alive now. he would have lived now,A,B,10上海） 29. -Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the ass

19、ignment yesterday. -Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline. must B. mustnt C. should D. shouldnt,解析：此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做，而未做,10安徽） 26. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_ was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy,解析：前句表示对过去的虚拟，而but之后表示过去的客观事实，

20、故用一般过去时态。,（10湖南） 29. If he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow,解析：根据“wouldnt have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，故选C项。,（10天津） 15. John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him. A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told,句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话，我会跟他一起去的。 解析：前一句是陈述语气，说明动发生在过去，而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构，应该用had +过去分词。,（10江苏） 34. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on its culture. focus B. focuse