高考英语二轮专题复习完形填空解题技巧(精)

1、完形填空解题技巧,没有严格遵循答题步骤:很多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案，不认真分析通篇文章，单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构。表面上解题速度挺快，但是这种见树不见林的做法只会影响解题的质量和效率。,为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?,切记:一定要用2-3分钟时间先进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空.,2. 不注意积累答题技巧:,a.忽略文章首句的提示作用；,b.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;,c.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.,3.时间安排不当:在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来

2、不及做。,切记:正确的做法是由易到难，先做会做 的，再考虑较难的。 强烈推荐：如尚有几题题目不确定可将某题的可能的两项填入空格, 然后快速地整句整段地默读, 选择某一项习惯或短语或动宾搭配读起来较流畅的.,细读首句,跳过空格，通读全文， 把握大意,再读全文，反复检查,结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案,瞻前顾后，先易后难， 各个击破,一、完形填空的解题步骤,把握整体,具体分析,二、完形填空的解题技巧,1）根据上下文语境解题,5）根据生活常识及文化背景解题,4）根据词语固定搭配及辨析解题,2）根据句段间的逻辑推理关系解题,3) 根据词汇的复现解题,1）上下文语境,把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去

3、，考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。这种考查方式所占的比例较大，且难度也大，若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析，或许所给的四个答案在语法和结构上都是正确的，若放在全局，则不一定正确。因此，快速浏览全文，领悟文章主旨，通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。,例1： I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and the same time

4、feeling lonely. 1. A. helpless B. lazy C. anxious D. tired,例2: But Ella Fant, who was filled with 1 , shouted at the top of her voice, Look at 2 Theyre all out of step except my John Isnt he the best 1. A. sadness B. happiness C. surprise D. regret 2. A. them B. her C. that D. him,例3： and then both

5、ended up from the same high school. Just three weeks before_, Bill asked Mark if they could talk. A graduation B movement C separation D vacation,2）句际间的逻辑推理关系,完形填空中的任何一句话往往都不是孤立存在的，而是要靠上下问作依托，看前因后果才能确立的。它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。,例1： It has been many

6、 years since I was last in London, _ I still remember something that happened during that visit. A. and B. for C. but D. as,例2： A transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry 48 , radio broadcasts are better for blind people. 48. A. Besides B. However C. Yet D. Sometimes,例3 and

7、 the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange 38 quite pleasant taste. 38. A. besides B. but C. and D. or,例4： They are some of the poorest people in a poverty stricken country. 53 , now they have an extra source of income . 53. A. But B. And C. However D.

8、Therefore,3)词汇的复现,“词汇的复现”是指某一词以原词、同义词或近义词、概括词以及其他形式重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义是使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。大体上说，词汇的复现包括：原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、概括词复现和注释性复现。,例1： The strange thing was that practically all the students went to class, and very few people stayed up late at night. Only the new people stayed

9、up or _ class. A. attended B. took C. missed D. studied,反义词复现,例2： Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very_. A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous,例3：Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my 37 . She wanted to know how I thought She believed I had opinions, so I began to .

10、37. A. opinion B. impression C. information D. intention,原词重现,例4：I had some 28 in my pocket, but I would not give them to him, thinking to myself he would only use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. 28. A. chocolates B. coins C. tins D. drugs,同义词、近义词复现,4)词语固定搭配及辨析,完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查主要体

11、现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两个方面。习惯用法是英语中某些固定的结构形态，不能随意变动。所以，考生应掌握习惯用法，用它来分析破解完形填空题或许可算得上是一件秘密武器。词义辨析题的比重有加大的趋势。要做好这类题目，非得有较大的词汇量、较强的词语搭配能力。,例1：He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming _. So he shouldnt have gone into that place. A. after all B. in all C. at all D. for all,5)生活常识及文化背景知识,完形填空题以自身的内容提供完

12、整的语篇信息，其间无不渗透着各类相关的常识与知识。考生做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺理成章地选出正确的答案。因此，这就要求考生平时注意知识的积累，并加强不同学科间的知识融合，有意识地了解一些英语国家的文化背景知识，这对英语学习和应试将大有帮助。,例1： ,she was always waiting at the bus stop around 8:00. On 39 days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves. 39. A.sunny B.rainy

13、 C.cloudy D.snowy,例2： Immediately the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to thehospital. A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest,例3：The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. Owning springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the _ areas like

14、 the desert. Adry Bdistant Cdeserted Dwild,完形填空的解题技巧,课堂小结,1）根据上下文语境解题,2）根据句段间的逻辑推理关系解题,3) 根据词汇的复现解题,4）根据词语固定搭配及辨析解题,5）根据生活常识及文化背景解题,三、实战演练,做题三忌： 急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了解文意，无整体概念边读边填，两眼忙于空白与选项之间，欲速则不达。 只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。 断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系，互不照应，前后矛盾。,Are dreams of any use to the dreamer or to anybody else?

15、 We may remember the traveler who _1_ the ship Waratah at Durban because of his terrible _2_. The Waratah later disappeared entirely, with everyone on _3_. The travelers dreams helped him and saved him from _4_, but they didnt help the other people. Why was this man treated _5_ from everyone else?,1

16、. A. left B. got C. drove D. enter 2. A. ideas B. suggestions C. dreams D. words 3. A. board B. ship C. sea D. deck 4. A. life B. death C. illness D. disease 5. A. similarly B. differently C. strangely D. unfortunately,left,board,death,differently,dreams,Another man _6_ had a dream about the Black F

17、orest in Germany. In his dream he was walking in the forest _7_ two men ran out and tried to throw him to the _8_. He ran off as fast as he could, but they followed. He reached a place _9_ he saw two _10_ roads in front of him, one to the right and the other to the left. Which road ought he to _11_

18、?,6. A. alone B. once C. still D. even 7. A. while B. as C. before D. when 8. A. floor B. earth C. soil D. ground 9. A. which B. that C. where D. who 10. A. same B. separate C. divided D. crossed 11. A. take B. bring C. carry D. go,句型,下文有暗示,宾语,separate,where,ground,when,once,take,He heard the two me

19、n _12_ him, getting nearer and at the same time he heard a voice in his ear. It told him to go to the _13_ , and he did so. He ran on and soon came to a small hotel. He was _14_ here kindly and given a room, and so he was _15_ from the two men. That was the dream.,12. A. next to B. in front of C. beside D. behind 13. A. house B. hotel C. left D. right 14. A. accepted B. received C. refused D. closed 15. A. killed B. murdered C. saved D. robbed,behind,right,下文有暗示,received,saved,16. A. e