英语省略句讲解.ppt

1、有时为了简洁a，1，省略演讲或文章，可以省略句子的特定成分。省略可分为A，2，(A)简单句子的省略1，省略主语：命令式的主语一般被省略。其他省略主题大部分仅限于现有的几种陈述。E.g. (I) Thank you for your help。(括号中省略的单词，如下所示)(I) see you tomorrow。(it)省略doesnt matter.2、主谓词或主谓词的一部分。E.g. (there is) no smoking。(is there) anything wrong？Why (do you) not say hello to him？A，3，3，作为对象省略的不定式，只保留to

2、。E.g. - Are you going there？-Id like to (go there)。he did not give me the chance，though he had promised to(give me the chance)。(动词： want，wish，expect，hope，like，love，try，forget，decide，prefer，mean，intent，like).等动词对象。Tell tell、ask、want、expect、warn .动词的宾句，如。形容词：glad、happy、pleased、deliveted、短语：be going to

3、、be about to、be able to、have to、used to、oughtto、)注：如果目标是be动词或完成时态，则必须在to后加be或have。E.g. - Are you an engineer？-否，but I want to be。- he hasnt finished the task yet。-well，he ought to have，a，4，4，省略符号。E.g. - Are you thirsty？-yes，I am (thirsty)。5，省略上下文相关的感叹号。E.g. What a wonderful film (it is)！(Its) Simply

4、 impossible！6，省略介词：e . g . the oldman had no difficulty(in)finding his house。某些夹具：have a hard time (in) doing sth。wastetime (in) doing sth。Spend.(in) doing sth。prevent/stop.(从.be busy (in) doing.be engaged (in) doing.theres no use (in) doing.he failed (in) the game。the war lasted (for) four years。(但

5、不能用于句子的开头和walk等)come and see me (at) anytime you like。(in，on，at，By) he stayed (at) home all day。he walked (for) three。(在表示距离的副词中)(in) this way you will succed，a，5，(you) open the door.please！- Would you like to watch NBA？- (it) sounds like a good idea，1，Omitting the Subject(主题)，(1) (I) thank you for

6、your help。(2) (I) havent seen you for ages。(3) (it) doesnt matter，a，6，2，Omitting the Predicative(表达语)-Is he a teacher？-yes，he is (a teacher)。(2) his sint lazy，nor is his brother (lazy)。a，7，-will liuyeg win the first prize in the 2008 Olympic games？-sorry，I don t know(whether he will win the first pr

7、ize in the 2008 Olympic games or not)。3 .omitting the object(对象)，A，8，7，名词所有格后的名词。住宅、商店、教堂或上下文暗示或明确指出的东西经常被省略。E.g. at her sisters (house)，shespent a pleasant weekend.8，跳过连接：not only.but (also) ，whether.(or not)，so (that) 9，模态动词should的省略insist，Order，command，suggest，propose，advise，demand，10、同时省略多个组件。e

8、. g . let s meet at the same place as(web met)yesterday。-have you finished your work？-(I have) not (finished my work) yet，a，9，(2)在并行语句中省略两个并行语句，后者语句经常省略与前面语句相同的部分。e . g . my father is a doctor and my mother(is)a nurse。I study at college and my sis ter(studies)at high school，a，10，(c)主从复合语句中省略1，主语句中省略

9、了某些组件。e . g .(I m)sorry to hear that you are ill。(it is a)pity that he missed such a good chance。2，省略一个子句或子句的一部分，并用so或not (it或that绝对不能使用)代替。E.g. - Is he coming back tonight？-I think so。-is he feeling better today？- Im afraid not。这个用法很常见：How so？为什么so？是吗，so？I hope so。He said so和I suppose not。I believe

10、d not。I imagine not。I expeect not。I hope not。I guess not等。(但是，I dont think so比I think not更常用。)。a、11、-do you think it will rain？-I think not。(I dont think it will rain)，-do you think it will rain？-I think so。(that it will rain)，1) how so？为什么so？2) Is that so？I suppose/believe/hope not。a、12、(there is)

11、no smoking。(2) (comin) this way，please。4 .omitting the predicate(谓词)and part of it，A，13，5。omitting the Subject Predicate or part of them，(Im) sorry to hear you are ill .(2)(will you)have a smoke/a cup of tea？(3) what a wonderful time (wehad)！A，14，(4)其他省略1，连接词that的省略：，宾语从句经常省略连接词that，但也有不能省略的情况be特定形容

12、词(afraid，sure，sorry，certain).)；两个或多个对象子句并列时；He said that，if he could manage it，he would come for dinner。，定语从句，that在从句中是宾语/表语/There be结构的主题时可以省略。I m not the man(that)I was when you knew me first .this is the fastest train(that)there is to beijin。this is the best way(that)We should choose。I don t like

13、 the way(that)/in which he talks to his parents .引导主语、动词、动词等的连词that一般不能省略。标语部分有时可以省略。what they want to do is(that)they go to play baskeball .a，15，2，不定式to的省略，并行不定式省略后面的to。e . g . I told him to sit down and wait for a moment。to be for the plan or to be against the plan doesn t matter .不定式表达时，如果前面主题出现现

14、实的动词do和多种形式，可以省略不定式。What he wants to do is (to) go home。，某些动词(如let，make，have)和感觉动词(如see，watch，notice，hear，feel，lookat，listen)E.g. - I saw the boy fall from the tree。-the boy was seen to fall from the tree。，介词but/except/besides前面有动词do的话，后面没有不定式。E.g. the boy did nothing but play，a，16，3。-is he a painte

15、r？-是，he is (a painter)。-are you a painter？-否，but I want to be (a，17，1are you going to Tibet？-是，Id like to (go there)。-2 - have you ever been to the se aside？-否I should have (been to the se aside)，but I was busy then。在“to do”as the object，a，18，3，某些副词子句中，如果子句的主题(或it)与小节的主题相匹配，则可以省略“主语be”部分或小节的主题it。(见“

16、副词子句”相关部分)look out for cars when crossing the street . fill in the blanks with articles where neckles .sheworked exremely hard though still rater poor in health。比较副词子句中，than或as后面的部分可以省略。汤姆普拉斯足球as well as，if not better than，jack。(=Tom play better than jack does足球as well as jack does，If he doesn t play better than jack does。)we should think more of our class than of ourselves . 4，连接词if在某些虚拟条件语句中可以省略，但在随后的词序中，更改(请参阅有关译文的部