新概念英语141课语法与课文

1、Lesson 141,Sallys first train ride. 萨利第一次乘火车旅行,Passive Voice 被动语态,English is spoken by the most people in the world.,spoken,English,The Great Wall was built by Chinese people.,built,The trees were planted by students.,planted,英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态(the Passive Voice),What is it?,A.

2、主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。,B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。,We planted the tree.,The tree was planted by us.,被动语态结构：,be + 过去分词(P.P) + (by ),主动语态变被动语态解题步骤:,1. 找宾语 -即动作的承受者,They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,2. 判断宾语的单复数 -即be动词的单复数.,are were,3. 判断动词的时态 -即be动词的时态.,4. 修改谓语的时态 -即原句动词改为过去分词,made,5. 修改原句的主语 -即by+ 主语.,by them.

3、,We cleaned the classroom yesterday.,The classroom,was cleaned,by us.,do did done go went gone see saw seen give gave given choose chose chosen draw drew drawn eat ate eaten take took taken speak spoke spoken write wrote written show showed shown,buy bought bought catch caught caught think thought t

4、hought teach taught taught build built built keep kept kept hear heard heard find found found make made made tell told told cut cut cut send sent sent,一般现在时的被动语态：,am/are/is + 过去分词+(by),1. People play football all over the world. 2. Galaxy teaches us this term.,Football all over the world .,We this t

5、erm.,is played,by people,are taught (by Galaxy),一般过去时的被动语态：,was/were + 过去分词+(by),3. People built the Great Wall long ago. 4. My classmates planted many flowers yesterday.,The Great Wall_ long ago.,Many flowers _yesterday.,was built (by people),were planted (by my classmates),情态动词的被动语态：,must/should/c

6、an等 + be + 过去分词,5. You must throw the broken glass away at once. 6. We can finish our homework on time.,The broken glass at once.,Our homework _on time.,must be thrown away (by you),can be finished (by us),Lets practice,1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives_ _ for cutting things. 2. The stu

7、dents in this school study German. German _ _ by the students in this school.,are used,is studied,3.I found the ticket on the floor. The ticket _ _ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She _ _ to return the book in time.,was found,was told,5.He can mend the bike in two days. The bi

8、ke _ _ _ in two days. 6.You must take this medicine three times a day. This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,1. A neighbor helped to keep our dog. It _while we were on holiday. (2005) A. was taken care B. took care of C. is taken care of D. was taken care of 2. Watches_

9、Shanghai are good . A. are made in B. is made C. are made from D. made,考试考什么,？,D,A,3. A coat can_ for keeping warm. A. be used B. is used C. been used D. used 4. The book _ as present yesterday. A. was given to him B. was given for him C. was give him,A,A,5.People there planted many trees last year.

10、 Trees _ _ by people there last year.(同义句转换） (青岛市中考题） 6. They grow vegetables on the farm. （上海市中考题） The vegetables _ _on the farm.,T,were planted,are grown,用适当的形式填空 1. History is _ by the people. ( make) 2. He is often _ to do the work by the teacher. (ask) 3. The book _ by him last year. ( write )

11、4. The radio _ last week. ( mend),made,asked,was written,was mended,用所给动词的正确形式填空：,1). The bike _(fix) up by Xiao Ming yesterday. 2). Sunglasses _ (use) for protecting peoples eyes. 3). A picture _(put) up on the blackboard. 4). French_ (speak) in France. 5). Teenagers should _(allow) to choose their

12、 own clothes.,was fixed,are used,is put,is spoken,be allowed,5)Exercises: 选择填空: Windows_ of glass. be made B. is made C. are made D. been made 2. The house_ in 2004. is built B. is building C. was built D. used 3. A coat can_ for keeping warm. be used B. is used C. been used D. used,C,C,A,4. Watches

13、_ Shanghai last long. A. are made in B. is made C. are made from D. made 5. This desk is made _ wood. A. of B. from C. in D. by,A,A,7.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer. Tom _ _ to turn on the computer. 8.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this fac

14、tory.,was asked,is done,6.Now people can use computers to help them. Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,can be,used,一般现在时： am / is / are +done 一般过去时： was / were+ done 当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can / must / +be done,The bike is made in our factory. 这自行车是我们厂生产的。,This book was written in 1969. 这本书是1969年写成的。,The

15、baby must be looked after well. 这孩子必须被好好照顾。,1.Rice in the south of china. A grows B is grown C are grown D grew 2.English by us every morning. A is B reads C are read D is read 3. A car in1885. A were invented B was invented C is invented D invented 4.The shop last night. A is robbed B was robbed C

16、are robbed D opened 5.The work must in two weeks. A be finish B be finished C finish D will finis,B,D,B,B,B,5.The work must in two weeks. A be finish B be finished C finish D will finish 6. Those things may to the room. A move B moved C be moved D are moved 7.Where the cars ? A aremade B domake C we

17、re made D is .made 8.The train station in 1981. A is built B are built C was built D were built,B,C,C,C,excited get on middle-aged opposite curiously funny powder,compact kindly ugly amused smile embarrassed,Last week, my four-year-old daughter, Sally, was invited to a childrens party.,I decided to

18、take her by train. Sally was very excited because she had never travelled on a train before.,She sat near the window and asked questions about everything she saw. Suddenly, a middle-aged lady got on the train and sat opposite Sally.,Hello, little girl, she said. Sally did not answer, but looked at her curiously. The lady was dressed in a blue coat and a large, funny hat.,After the train had left the station, the lady o