外研高一必修4 Module

1、,Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World,知识清单,知识归纳,1. _ adj. 神秘的 2. _ vt. 声称 3. _ vi. 潜水 4. _ adj. 怀疑的; 不相信的 5. _ vt. 占地(多大面积) 6. _ vi. 适应; 适合,(一) 单词,mysterious,claim,dive,sceptical,cover,adapt,7. _ vi. 不见; 消失 8. _ adj. 绝种的; 消亡了的 9. _ adj. 凶猛的; 残暴的 10. _ adj. 有雅量的; 大方的; 心地高尚的 11. _ n. 名誉

2、; 名声,disappear,extinct,fierce,generous,reputation,12. _ adj. 吓人的 _ v. 使害怕 _ n. 害怕 _ adj. 害怕的 13. _ vi. 存在 _ n. 存在 14. _ vi. 进化; 演变 _ n. 进化; 演变,frightening,frighten,fright,frightened,exist,existence,evolve,evolution,15. _ n. 毁坏 _ vt. 破坏 16. _ adj. 变化莫测的 _ adj. 可预言的 _ vt. 预测 _ n. 预言, 预报 17. _ adj. 正面的

3、 _ adj. 反面的,destruction,destroy,unpredictable,predictable,predict,prediction,positive,negative,18. _ vt. 象征; 暗示 _ n. 象征; 暗示 19. _ n. 身份; 特性 _ vt. 辨别; 确认 20. _ n. 运气; 命运; 财富 _ adj. 幸运的 _ adv. 幸运的 _ adv. 不幸地,indicate,indication,identity,identify,fortune,fortunate,fortunately,unfortunately,1. 走近 2. 伸出

4、3. 继续 4. 从跳出来 5. 声称做某事 6. 跳入 7. 不可能做某事,(二) 短语,go close to,stick out,continue to do sth.,jump out of,claim to do sth.,dive into,be unlikely to do sth.,8. 占地 9. 适应 10. 与有联系,cover an area of,adapt to,be related to,核心要点,1. attack v. 进攻; 攻击; 开始; 着手； (疾病)侵袭；侵害 n. 攻击; 进攻; 病情发作(可数名词) It often gets angry and

5、 will attack anyone who goes close to it. （课文原句） 它经常脾气暴躁，会攻击任何向它靠近的人。,（一）单词,【归纳】 make/launch an attack on/upon . attack . 攻击; 向进攻 under attack 受到攻击 a heart attack 心脏病突发,attack against/on. 向攻击, 袭击 attack sb. with sth. 用某物攻击某人 be attacked with a disease 患病,2. exist vi. 存在; 生存 something that continues

6、to exist after death. （课文原句） 有些东西在死后继续存在。,【归纳】 exist in 在于 exist onlive on 靠生存 【拓展】 existence n. 存在; 生存 come into existence 出现; 产生,3. claim vt. (根据权利)要求; 认领; 声称 vi. 要求; 声称 n. (根据权利而提出的)要求; 索赔; 主张; 断言 In another recent sighting, a group of soldiers claim they saw an animal moving on the surface of th

7、e water. （课文原句） 最近另有一次，一群战士证实：他们看见湖的水面上有东西在游动。,【归纳】 claim作动词时, 可意为“声称”, 后面常跟从句和动词不定式或用于句型 It is/was claimed that .; 也可意为“认领, 索要”, 其后直接跟名词。 claim作名词时, 意为“声称, 索赔”, 后可跟that引导的同位语从句。,4. indicate vt. 指出; 标出; 表明; 暗示 However, across the border in Wales, the red dragon which appears on the Welsh flag is a p

8、ositive symbol, indicating strength and a sense of national identity. （课文原句） 然而, 在威尔士边境,在威尔士旗上的红龙是一个积极的象征, 显示力量和民族认同感。,【归纳】 indicate sth. 象征, 表明, 标志 indicate sth. to sb. 向某人指出; 和某人表示 indicate that. 示意, 预示 indicate + wh-从句 表明, 指出 【拓展】 indication n. 指示; 象征; 表明; 表示某种意思的言语、姿势、 记号等,indication of (doing)

9、sth. indication as to sth./that 的迹象 indicator n. 指示信号; 指示者; 标志 traffic indicator (汽车等的)方向灯,identity n. 身份; 特征 【归纳】 identity card 身份证 【拓展】 identify v. 认出; 鉴定 identify A with B 视A与B为相等 identify (oneself) with sb./sth. 支持; 与认同; 觉得与接近 be identified as 被认出是,identification n. 认出; 鉴定; 视为同一 identical adj. 同

10、一的; 完全相同的 be identical to 和一致,5. fortune n. U 机会; 运气 C 命运; 前途; 财产 So the Chinese dragon was a bringer of good fortune. （课文原句） 所以，中国的龙可以带来好运。,【归纳】 receive a large fortune 得到一笔财产 make a fortune 发财 seek ones fortune 外出寻找财路 try ones fortune 碰运气 【拓展】 fortunate adj. 幸运的; 交好运的 be fortunate in doing sth. be

11、 fortunate to do sth.,在方面运气好,1. adapt (oneself) to. (使)适应 (to是介词) If you can adapt to something, you can change in order to make the situation better. （课文原句） 如果你能适应它，你就能为了有更好的情况而进行改变。,（二）短语,【归纳】 adapt (sth.) to (使某事物)适应或适合 adapt sth. for sth. 使适应, 使适合(新用途、新情况) adapt for . 把改编成 be adapted from. 改编自,2

12、. die out 灭绝; 消失 Perhaps too much fighting caused the dinosaurs to die out. （课文原句） 或许太多的争斗导致了恐龙的灭绝。,【拓展】 die away 变弱; 逐渐消失或停止 die down 变弱; 渐渐平息; 缓和 die off 相继死去; 先后死去 die of/from 因而死; 死于 die for 渴求; 迫切需要; 为而死,3. due to 由于, 因为; 预期 Some experts believe it is due to the animals the myths grew out of. （

13、课文原句） 一些专家认为这是由于关于动物的神话。,【归纳】 当due to意为“由于; 因造成; 应给予” 时, 其中的to是介词; 当due to意为“即将/ 预期做”时, to为不定式符号。 【拓展】 同义短语有: because of, as a result of, thanks to, on account of, owing to等。,I. 根据本模块所学单词及提示写出所缺单词的正确形式。 1. The police are trying to discover the i_ of the killer. 2. He _ (声称) to have met the President

14、, but I dont believe him.,claims,identity,3. The good thing about children is that they _ (适应) very easily to new environments. 4. His r_ was destroyed when he was caught stealing some money. 5. Rain forests are filled with amazing _ (生物).,creatures,adapt,reputation,II. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. The weather

15、 there can be a bit _ (predict) one minute its blue skies and the next minute its pouring down with rain. 2. Going into hospital can be very _ (frighten) for a child. 3. These hills in this village were formed by _ (volcano) eruptions. 4. This is the first _ (sight) of this particularly rare bird in

16、 this country.,sighting,unpredictable,frightening,volcanic,III. 用适当的介词或副词填空。 1. The wild population of koalas is in danger of dying _. 2. Passengers had to stay for the night at the train station, due _ the snow. 3. These discoveries may throw new light _ the origins of the universe. 4. The actor wa

17、s _ in the news after his recent marriage.,back,out,to,on,1. The director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the monster, which seemed to be black in colour, was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting. 当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎说, 最近有人看见怪物就在离湖边十米的地方, 怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。,句 式,这个句子

18、里的which seemed to be black in colour是非限定性定语从句, 修饰先行词monster。 “主语 + seem + (to be) + 形容词/名词”是一种常见结构, 表示“某人/物看起来似乎”。如: The young man seems to be very excited today. 这个年轻人今天似乎很激动。,2. He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. 他说他看见一个圆形黑色的东西在湖面快速游过。 这个句子中的to have see

19、n是动词不定式的完成式, 表示该动作发生在谓语动词claim所表示的动作之前。,【拓展】 动词不定式的形式,语法,情态动词may / might用法,【归纳】 may / might的主要用法有： 1. may / might表示推测，意为“可能，或 许”，其中might表示的可能性较小， 含义更不确定。,2. may意为“可以”，用于表示说话人同意、许可做某事。might表示过去的“允许”。 3. may / might在疑问句中用于征询对方的许可，肯定回答常用may，否定回答常用may not / mustnt。,e.g. 1) I may be late, so dont wait fo

20、r me. 2) That might be our taxi (but I am not sure). 3) The director is alone now. So you may see him now. 4) She said he might borrow her dictionary. 5) May/Might I smoke in this room? Yes, you may. / No, you may not / mustnt.,【拓展】 1. may / might表示推测时还可用进行式或完成式。如： They may / might be waiting at the

21、 station. They may / might have called while you were out. 2. must / could / should + have done结构 must have done表示对过去情况的肯定,推测，意为“肯定做过”；could have done意为“本来能够做而没有做”；should have done意为“本来应该做而没有做”。如： They must have gotten lost or theyd be here by now. He could have escaped, but he chose to stand and fi

22、ght. It was an easy test and he should have passed, but he didnt.,用适当的情态动词补全下面对话。 Lucia: I wonder where Peters got to. He said hed be here in time for lunch. Im rather worried. Helen: Dont worry! He 1. _ still come. Lucia: I doubt it. Its past 2 oclock. I think,may/might,he 2. _ have rung me up! But

23、 he didnt! Helen: Maybe his boss couldnt give him time off, after all! Lucia: Yes, thats possible, I suppose. Or he 3. _ have had an accident! Do you think I should phone the police? Helen: Dear me, no! Dont fuss (大惊小怪)!,may/might,should,He 4. _ be on his way right now! (Ten minutes later, the phone

24、 rings.) Peter: Sorry, Lucia, but I cant get away from the office. An urgent piece of work. It 5. _ be 8 or 9 when I get home. Lucia: OK. Then Im sure you 6. _ have had your lunch, right? Peter: Yes. My boss gave me a treat (款待).,must,may/might,may/might,写 作,【写作任务】 假设你是高中生李华，你校英文报新开辟的专栏Natural Myste

25、ry正在面向广大师生征稿。请你根据所给提示信息，用英语写一篇短文应征。,如何描写自然之谜,注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 参考词汇：物体object 洞hole 现象phenomenon,【写作指导】 1. 审题定调： 介绍关于大自然神秘现象的短文属于说明文。这类短文通常分三个步骤来写：首先，点明这个神秘现象是什么，它有什么特征；其次，介绍科学家的解释和依据；最后，简单阐述自己对此现象的看法或者直接表明这仍然是一个未解之谜。 2. 确定主体内容： 该短文可分为三部分： 第一部分：直接点出神秘现象及发生的地点； 第二部分：具体描写该神秘现象的特征； 第三部分

26、：科学家的相关研究情况及结论。,3. 确定人称、时态： 人称用第三人称。时态以一般现在时为主。 4. 常用表达： a strange natural phenomenon . is one of the world-famous mysteries. . has been seen all over the world. It is . in color / shape / weight. What makes . so mysterious is .,Witnesses described it as . Scientists have found that . Some people th

27、ink it may be . According to recent research, we can learn that . Personally, I (dont) believe . It is not clear whether . It remains a mystery till now. There is no exact evidence that .,【参考范文】 Ball lightning, which is very bright and usually red or orange in color, has been seen all over the world

28、. It can usually last for several seconds or sometimes 1-2 minutes before exploding or slowly disappearing. What makes ball lightning so mysterious is its strange “behavior”. It can,pass through objects. Sometimes it leaves holes, but it has also been seen to pass through objects without leaving a m

29、ark. Scientists say that ball lightning is a strange natural phenomenon that scientists still cant fully explain. The fact that it has rarely been seen makes it difficult to study.,高考链接,1. George _ too far. His coffee is still warm. 【2016浙江】 A. must have gone B. might have gone C. cant have gone D.

30、neednt have gone 【解析】乔治不可能走太远，他的咖啡仍是温的。 cant have gone 意为“不可能走远”，是对过去情况的否定推测，符合语境。A是“一定已经走远” ， B是“可能已经走远”，D是“没必要走远”。,1. Cant you stay a little longer? Its getting late. I really _go now, My daughter is home alone. 【2015北京】 A. may B. can C. must D. dare 【解析】你不能再多待会儿吗?很晚了，我必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。A. may可能，可以，也

31、许；B. can能，会；C. must必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare敢，胆敢。,2. I _ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me. 【2015天津】 A. mightnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. couldnt 【解析】我来新学校之前本没有必要担心，因为在这里我的同学对我非常友好。neednt have done本没有必要做某事，表示实际上已经做了某事。mightnt也许不；mustnt不允许；couldnt不可能。,

32、3. Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again. Oh, its too bad. You _ have made full preparations. 【2015福建】 A. must B. can C. would D. should 【解析】情态动词+have done。A对过去事情的肯定推测；B对过去行为的怀疑；C对过去事情的假设；D本应做但实际没有做。,巩固练习,I.根据下面各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式（每空一词）。,1. The team has a strong a_, but its defenc

33、e is weak. 2. They walked for a long time and c_ a good deal of ground.,attack,covered,3. Its pretty u_ theyll turn up now its nearly ten oclock. 4. The restaurant enjoys a good r_ in this city for its high-quality food and low prices. 5. I never thought he would be so _ (大方的) to offer to pay for us

34、 both.,unlikely,reputation,generous,II. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。,1. I can feel my heart is beating _ (fierce). 2. We were puzzled by the sudden _ (disappear) of our guide. 3. It was _ (fortune) for her that she met the doctor just when she needed him.,fiercely,disappearance,fortunate,4. It is believed that th

35、is is the only copy of the book in _ (exist). 5. Efforts have been made to prevent the _ (extinct) of the panda.,existence,extinction,III. 选用括号内合适的内容完成下面句子。,1. He left at about two oclock. Its five now. He _ (must / need) have got home. 2. You _ (could / must) have passed the driving test, but you w

36、ere too nervous.,must,could,3. You have got a fever! You _ (shouldnt / cant) have gone out yesterday. 4. I was dressed warmly for the trip, but I _ (neednt / mustnt) have done so. The weather was hot.,shouldnt,neednt,IV. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）。,1. Dont say anything useless; please _ _ _ _ _ (谈正题). 2

37、. The new teacher was very slow to _ _ (适应) the unusual rules of the school.,come straight to the point,adapt to,3. Many animals are in danger of _ _ (灭绝) because of human activities. 4. There was nothing to _ _ _ (阐明) the connection between him and the murder. 5. That Shelley became a poet may have been _ _ (由于) her mothers influence.,dying out,throw light on,due to,.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。,The Loch Ness Monster is a prehistoric creature thought to inhabit the Loch Ness in the Scottish Highlands. Scotland has ma