状语从句重点难点归纳ppt课件

1、连词与状语从句,九种状语从句,1. 时间状语从句 2. 地点状语从句 3. 原因状语从句 4. 条件状语从句 5. 让步状语从句 6. 结果状语从句 7. 目的状语从句 8. 方式状语从句 9. 比较状语从句,九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词,1. 时间状语从句,when, while, as, before, after, since, once , every time, each time, any time, the first/second/last time, by the time, as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant

2、, the day immediately, directly, instantly, hardly/scarcelywhen/before, no soonerthan , till, until, notuntil,一.就.,九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词,where, wherever,because, since, as, for, now that, in that（因为） considering that, seeing that,if, unless, as(so) long as, on condition that, provided that, providing th

3、at suppose that supposing that,2.地点状语从句,3. 原因状语从句,4. 条件状语从句,九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词,6. 结果状语从句,so that, sothat, suchthat,so that, in order that, in case,as, as if/as though,than, asas, not so/asas, the +比较级, the +比较级,7. 目的状语从句,8. 方式状语从句,9. 比较状语从句,5. 让步状语从句,although, though, as, even though/even if, while(虽

4、然）, no matter +which/what/when/where/who/how, whichever, wherever, whatever, whoever, whenever, however, whetheror；,考点与难点归纳,1、状语从句连词的含义及用法比较； 2、no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 引导的从句 的区别； 3、状语从句的时态问题； 4、状语从句倒装及省略问题； 5、状语从句与其它从句区别。,考点与难点归纳,问题1: 1. We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A.

5、when B. while C. until D. before 2. He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. while D. when 3. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. that D. until 4. Did Jack come back early last night? Yes.

6、It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. Before B. when C. that D. until 5. He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while,A,D,B,B,C,一、时间状语从句,when可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。如： When the film ended, they went back.

7、When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. 2. When 常用于下列句式： when为并列连词意为“就在这时”。 was doing somethingwhen was about to dowhen was on the point of doing sth. when had donewhen 3. when可以表“既然”，如： How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me?,注意同一个从属连词的多义性：,（一）连接词when的用法小

8、结,问题2: 6. The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while 7. _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless 8. _it is true that a students most

9、 important goal is to do well in his or her studies, it doesnt need to be the only goal. A when B As C While D Before 9. Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal. A. so that B. although C. while D. as if,D,A,C,C,1. while引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”；从句的动作必须是持续性的，如： Please dont talk so loud while ot

10、hers are working. 2. while引导时间状语从句, 意为：趁的情况赶紧做 Strike while the iron is hot. 3. while引导让步状语从句，放于主句之前，意为“尽管，虽然”，相当于although While I admit that the problems are difficult , I dont agree that they cant be solved. 4.while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。 Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue.,（二）连

11、接词while的用法小结,1. as可用来引导时间状语，意为“一边一边”；随着 She sang as she walked home all the way. (一边一边） She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music. As she grew older, she became more beautiful. （随着） As the day went on, the weather got worse. 2. as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为、由于” As she is free today, she would

12、like to do some shopping. 3. as引导让步状语从句（从句必须倒装）意为“尽管”。 Tired as he was, he refused to take a rest. （尽管） Hard as he worked, he cant work out the problem. Child as he is, he knows a lot. Try as he might, he wouldnt succeed.,（三）连接词as的用法小结,注意：as从句通常将作表语的adj/n.、作状语的adv、 作谓语的do(情态动词后的动词原形),（三）连接词as的用法小结,4

13、.as引导方式状语从句（像一样），（正如） When in Rome ,do as the Romans do.,when, while, as这三个连词都可表示“当的时候”。 1) when可表示一个时间点，也可表示一个时间段。如： When he came in, we were having supper. When we were having supper, the light suddenly went out. 2) while则只表示一个时间段。它所引导的时间状语从句中的时态常用进行时态。如： When/While he was eating his breakfast, he

14、 heard the doorbell ring. While he was watching TV, the boy fell asleep. 3) as则强调主句和从句的动作在同一时间进行;也可表示“随着”。 She sang as she walked along. As the election approached, the violence got worse.,连接词when, while, as的用法区别：,问题3: Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes. I gave it to her _ I s

15、aw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. although 2. I thought her nice and honest _ I met her. A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time 3. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had h

16、e D. Hardly he had,B,C,C,1the moment, the instant，the minute, the second, the day immediately, directly, instantly, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan 这些连词引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思。 I came immediately you called me up. 2如果hardly, scarcely或no sooner置于句首，主句必须部分倒装。 注意：主句过去完成时，从句一般过去时 Hardly /scarc

17、ely had I got home when it began to rain. the first /second/last time, every time, each time, next time, by the time也可引导时间状语从句，从句一般时态 The first time I drove the car, I felt very nervous. Next time you come, please bring your composition.,（四）一.就.表达法小结：,（五）time短语小结,问题4: 1. Was his father very strict w

18、ith him when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when 2. A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until 3. It was not _ she

19、 took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then,C,D,B,1. until/till从句用于肯定句主句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。： We waited until/till he came. 2. until/till从句用于否定句主句时，主句谓语动词终止性动词，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如： He wont go to bed until h

20、er father returns. 3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4notuntil句型的强调句，须将not一起提前强调： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. 5. Not until. 放句首强调时，主句部分倒装。 Not until you told me did I have any idea of it. 注意：till/until 从句中的谓语动词都是终止性动词,（六）till, until和notuntil小

21、结：,问题5: 1. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. before D. as 2. Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A. since B. after C. before D. when 3. Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?

22、He rushed out of the room_I could say a word. A. before B. until C. when D. after 4. It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. because,C,C,A,B,1、含义：before表示“在之前”，但还有如下意思 1） We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 2） We hadnt run a mile

23、before he felt tired. 3） Please write it down before you forget it. 4） Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.,“才”,“不到就”,“趁”,“还没来得及”,（七）连接词before的小结：,1）It will be/段时间before “要过才会” It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2）It was +时间段+before 从句 “过了才” It was three weeks before he

24、came back 3）It will not be 时间段 before“要不了就会” It wont be long before she comes back 4）It was not 时间段 before “没过就了” It wasnt long before he left the country. 5）It is/has been时间段since如： It is three years since she was in the army. It is three years since she joined the army.,注意主从句时态,2before的一些特殊句式,once

25、引导时间状语从句时含有条件意味，译为“一旦”。 _ they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures. AAs BWhile CUntil DOnce The research program is so designed that once started, nothing can stop it.,（八）once的用法小结,1.since引导时间状语从句，自从 (1)从句常用一般过去时,主句常用现在完成时或完成 进行时。 (2)固定句型： It is/has been段时

26、间since一般过去时。 若从句谓语动词是延续性的，表示多久没做； 若从句谓语动词是短暂性的，则表示自从做多久了 Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? Yes，since she _ the Chinese Society. Ahas joined Bjoins Chad joined Djoined,（九）Since 用法小结,What was the party like? Wonderful. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. Aafter Bwhen Cbefore Dsince Do you

27、smoke? _. Its three years since I smoked. AYes，I do BYes，I dont CNo，I dont DNo，I do,问题1： 1. It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if 2. You will be late _ you leave immediately. A. unless B. until C. if D. or 3. The little b

28、oy wont go to sleep his mother tells him a story. A. or B. unless C. but D. whether,A,A,B,unless 相当于 if not，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。这也是高考的热点之一。,二、条件状语从句,(1) unless=if . not 除非 You will fail unless you study hard. (2) suppose, supposing, providing(that), provided(that), given(that)= if Given that he supports u

29、s, well win the election. (3)on condition that（假设）, as long as, so long as = only if （只要） As long as you dont lose heart, you will succeed. (4) as(so) far as .（就/据.） So far as I am concerned, Im in favor of “mercy killing”. 就我个人而言， 我支持安乐死。,条件状语从句分为真实条件句和非真实条件句（用在虚拟语气）。 注意：在真实条件句中，常用一般现在时或现在完成时代替将来时。

30、常由下列连词引导条件状语从句： if, unless, suppose, supposing, providing (that), provided (that), （假如、倘若）；given (that)如果有 in case, on condition that, as long as, so long as, so far as等。,问题2： 1、_ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. A. Because B. As far as C. as long as D. Even if

31、 2、I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. Ain case Bso that Cin order Das if,B,A,as long as 与 as far as 都可引导条件状语从句，as long as 表示“只要”，as far as 表示“就而言”。题1根据题意应该选用B。in case 表示“以防”。,1. 由though, although, as (虽然尽管), even if, even though, wh-ever, no matter-wh, whether

32、. or.引导.,1) Though he is old, yet he is active. 2) Although most of the people agreed, some were not willing to accepted. 3) Proud as/though the nobles are, he is afraid to see me. We wouldnt lose heart even if we should fail ten times.,4) Whenever (=no matter when) you call on me, you are always we

33、lcome. 5) Wherever (no matter where) you work, you can always find time to study. 6) Take the one you like best, whichever (no matter which) it is.,2. though与although，不能与but连用，但可以与yet, still, nevertheless等连用，用来加强语气。 Though ( Although ) he was tired, yet (still) he went on working.,3. as引导让步状语从句倒装,将从

34、句表语的形容词、名词、副词或动词原形放于as之前。此外however也要倒装，将however所修饰的形容词或副词提前。 although 不可以倒装，though可倒可不倒，as必倒。,4. whether or 无论还是 Whether sick or well, shes always happy.,问题1： 1、 _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless 2、Allow children the space to voic

35、e their opinions, _they are different from your own. A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though,A,B,while 是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可连接并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。even if 等于 even though，表示“即使、尽管”。as though 等于 as if，引导方式状语从句，表示“好像、似乎”。,三、让步状语从句,问题2： 3. _, he doesnt study well. A. As he is clever B. He is as cl

36、ever C. Clever as he is D. As clever he is 4. You should report any incident, _ serious it is. A. however B. whatever C. whoever D. whichever 5. Mr. Hall understands that _ math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students. A. unless B. since C. although D. when,6. _, I have never s

37、een anyone whos as capable as John. A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled to much C. Much as I have traveled D. As I gave traveled to much 问题3： 7. - Dad, Ive finished my assignment. - Good, and _ you play or watch TV, you mustnt disturb me. A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. n

38、o matter 8. You should try to get a good nights sleep_ much work you have to do. A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever,10. _, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. A.However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is C. However amusing the story is D.

39、 No matter how the story is amusing,11. He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was. A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although,12. The old tower must be saved, _the cost. 05浙江） Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever 13. English and French are taught here. You can choose _ you li

40、ke. A. no matter which B. whichever C. no matter what D. whatever,no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句，此时与 wh-ever通用。 No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party. wh-ever又可引导名词性从句=anyone who， No matter wh-不能。如： Whoever can help us will be welcome.,5.no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 的联系及区别,s

41、othat, suchthat ,so that It is so good a story that Ill never forget it. It is such a good story that Ill never forget it. 1)such+ a + adj + 名词（可数名词）+ that clause such+（adj）+名词复数/不可数名词 2)so +adj./adv. +that clause 3)so + many/few + 复数名词 +that clause much/little+不可数名词,四、结果状语从句,五、原因状语从句,1、 because表示事情

42、发生的直接原因或理由，它的语气很强。 He didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill. 1)回答why的提问,必须用because。 Why didnt he come yesterday? _ he had something important to do. ABecause BAs CSince DFor 2)当有only，just, all, partly, not, but等修饰时， The two girls were late again, which was partly because they got up late

43、. 3) 在强调原因状语从句时，只能用because。 It was because it rained hard that they put off the football match.,2、 since常表示对方已经知道的既成事实，说话人根据这个事实得出某一种结论。其语气比because要弱，一般译成“既然”。如： Since you are here, why not stay for a few more days? 3、 as常用于表示十分明显的原因，说明因果关系，重点放在主句上，语气较弱，常译成“由于”。如： As its getting darker, we must go h

44、ome now. 4、 for只是一个并列连词，用于连接两个并列句，表示推理或解释，对前一个分句进行附加说明。如： It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet,六、目的状语从句,.I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. He wrote the name down for f

45、ear that(lest) he should forget it. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.,1. 通常由 so that, in order that, sothat, in case（以防、免得）for fear that(以防，以免)等引导,He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus. She married him so that she might tend and comfort him. I explained again

46、 in case he should misunderstand me.,2.目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有may (might), can (could) should, will等情态动词。 I hid the knife under the bed _ he found it. A. if B. so that C. for fear that D. in order that,1) John shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. A. which B.

47、when C. so that D. as if 2) Roses need special care_ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even f D. as 3) Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report _ her boss could read it first next morning. A. so that B. in order to C. before D. so as,七. 比较状语从句表示倍数，可以用as 和 than来表示。 三

48、种句型： 1)A倍数比较级than B 多多少倍 如：This building is twice taller than that one 2)A倍数as原级asB 是多少倍 如：This building is three times as tall as that one 3)A倍数the size(height, weight, length) of B 如：This building is three times the size of that one,With the help of the German experts, the factory produced _ cars

49、in 1993 as the year before. as twice many B. as many as twice as twice as many D. twice as many,1) You must try to do as I did. 2) Lets do as Mrs. Li teaches us. 3) He talks as if he knew all about it. 4) Leave it as it is.,八、方式状语从句,1. 由连词：as（像一样）, as if, as though（似乎）引导,2. as if和as though，引导的从句与事实相

50、反多用虚拟语气，但也可用陈述语气，表示情况接近事实。 He treats me as if I were his own son.,九、地点状语从句,地点状语从句只有两个连词: Where，wherever Where - 在地方， Wherever - 无论在什么地方 1.Put the medicine where you can easily get it. 2.Where there is a will, there is a way. 3.He follows her wherever she goes. 4.Wherever you are, I will be right the

51、re waiting for you.,1. After the war，a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre. A. that B. where C. which D. when 2. - Dont look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages. - Oh, yes. _ others are weak, he is strong. A. If B. When C. Where D. Though 3. - The thread of my kite br

52、oke and it flew away. - I had told you it would easily break _it was the weakest A. when B. where C. unless D. since,4. _ he is，he will be thinking of his girlfriend. AWhat BWhere CWhether DWherever,5. She found her calculator _ she lost it. Athat Bwhere Cin which Dwhen 6. This is the factory_ her m

53、other worked last year. Athat Bwhere Cin which Dwherever,状语从句的时态问题 问题1： 1、The house could fall down soon if no one_ some quick repair work. A has done B is doing C does D had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. when,在条件，时间状语从句中，用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将

54、来的动作时。在 since 引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。,C,B,状语从句的倒装问题 问题1： 1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 2、Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution

55、was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize,D,A,状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况： 否定词开头；not until so 加 adj/adv 或such . n 放开头； as / though引导的让步状语从句。 特别注意： Hardly when No sooner than Child as he is, Hardly had he got to the station when the t

56、rain left. No sooner had he got to the station than the train left. Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.,1：如果主从句主语一致，从句中又有“be”时，省略主语和be。 While still a student, she played many roles. When told the secret, he was surprised. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and nigh