英语专业四级词汇语法辅导虚拟语气非谓语动词

1、假设法、条件语句、条件语句不真实的条件语句时表示的假设是不可能的或不可行的，句子的条件子句和结果咒语章都要使用假设法。与未来事实相反的时候：were，did，假设法的几句，1，假设的wish后的宾语从句中，a用wish表示对现在的欲望时产生的宾语从句的谓语动词形式是经(be动词是were)。b用wish表示对未来的渴望时产生的宾语从句的谓语动词形式是would，could，might动词原形。当Cwish用来表达对过去事实不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句的谓语动词形式是had动词过去分词或could，would have动词过去分词。the picture exhibition bored me

2、to death；I wish I had not gone to it。- I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon . -thats all right，But I wish he would buy one of his own . “I wish that he werent so lazy .虚拟语气的几句，虚拟语气的几句，2，would(had)rater(would(had)rater(would as soon)，would sooner，Just as soon和would prefer领导的小节，以过去时态引导当时或未来的情况

3、，以及但是，这种语气不是与事实相反的假设，而是尚未实现的愿望或说话者委婉的谴责。示例：id rather you posted the letter right away。请立即寄这封信。I would prefer he didnt stay there too long .我希望他不要在那里呆得太久。I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday。希望你昨天还了这本书。语气中的几个句子，注意：would ratherthan和would rather than后面的子句用作假定音。用法可以省略than后面的子句中的shoul

4、d动词原形，子句中的that。I would rather die than(that)he should know the secret .hed do anyhing rather than(that)he should live with such a shameless woman，虚拟语气中的几个句子，Would rather，虚拟语气中的几个句子，3，had hopedhis father had hoped that his son would go to business with him，but his son becomame an artist later。在家庭法的几个

5、句子，4，家庭法由as if/as though领导的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语形式相同。Sheoften laughs spontaneously，and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above。她经常发自内心的微笑，她的美丽感情像明亮的阳光一样经常出现在天空中。they talked as if they had been friends for years。他们交谈起来，好像他们是我的老朋友一样。She looks as if she woul

6、d cry .她好像要哭了。用于假设法的多种句型，5，suppose开头的祈使句，子句中谓语动词的变化是过去、过去、过去、未来或过去时态，与as if和wish后的动词相同。”如果”的意思，suppose是动词，不是连接词。示例：suppose the boss walked in。what should I do？suppose sadman had not been captured。what would the U.S. do？家庭法的多种句型，6 .whether it (he) be or表示“不管(或)”，表示让步，作为虚拟语气的一种表现形式，其省略结构应记为be itor、be

7、heor等。例如，be he what he may，he should obey the rules。every day he takes a walk in the park in the evening，whether it Be fine or raining . home is home，Be it ever so homely。(再穷也是家)all matter，whether it be gas，liquid or solid，is made up of atoms。the business of each day，Be it selling goods or shipping

8、them，went quite smoothly。假设法的几个句子，7，Its (high，about) time that句子中，that子句中的假设法形式，即动词要使用过去时态。its time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown。it is high time that We put an end to this discussion，假设法的多个句型，8，if it were not for当前事实相反，if it had not been for for与过去事实相反，两者都是but for: if i

9、t had9，在连接词in case，lest，for fear that，(in order that，so that)引起的状语从句中，谓语动词必须使用虚拟形式，即should (might)动词原形，例如她在那个婴儿上盖上毯子，以免他感冒。the bad man was put in the soft-padded celless he injure himself .家庭法中的一些句子，note : fear/be afraid/worried lest sb。do sth .表示对可能发生的情况的恐惧(担心)，子句中的动词现在应用虚拟表达式。例如：shefears lest he a

10、rrive too late . web were afraid lest it be broken。家庭法的几个句型，10。“was to have done(完成不正当程序)”，然后通常是but I was to have arrived home on time，but my car was held up by a bad traffic jam，家庭法惯用型，11 .It is that sb。(should)句型1: It is形容词that句型2: It is a抽象名词that句型3: It is过去分词法，家庭法常用形，a，It is形容词，或过去分词的主语从句中使用， 这种

11、形容词或分词是advisable合理decided决定的crucial核心appropriate适当determined决定的commanded命令的arranged数组essential重要，基本complied是anxious焦急的imperative的迫切important recommended建议resolved确定的可能的pity，resolved建议重要的possible可能性的strange奇怪preferable(更好)proposed要求requested要求的required请求it is essential that he should be prepared for

12、this。it is essential for him to be prepared for this。虚拟语气一般句型，b .常用抽象名词是pity，shame，No wonder c . its suggested that the school(should)organize an outing when spring comesit is required that middle-schools students(should)Take at least one-hour exercise every day。家庭法中常用的句型，12。建议、命令、要求等谓语形式是“(should)动

13、词原型”。“。用于表示动词(a、意志、建议、命令、建议、请求等)的that object子句，例如，ask向advise请求arrange请求beg计划请求command命令decide以确定demand desire要求determineShe advised that we should keep the gate locked(字体)She advised us to keep the gate locked(口语)She advised keeping the gate locked(She advised keeping the gate锁定)例如：1)Her face sugges

14、ted(隐式)that she was ill。So I suggested(建议)that she(should)be sent to the hospital immediately . 2)he insisted that he was right。她声称自己是对的。假设法一般句型，b用于由表示建议、要求、命令、指示等意思的名词引导的标语子句和同义词语句，Advice建议decision用于demand要求desire要求，愿望insistence necessity建议要求order命令preference，假设语气常时句型，13，if only推导了省略表示结果的咒语的虚拟结构，现在用惯用的表达方式表达了愿望。使用时或would/could动词原形表示与现在或未来的事实相反的意思。表示过去完成时与过去事实相反的愿望。这种句型表示不真实的条件，最好经常翻译！1)If only I had taken mothers advice如果我听妈妈的建议。(2)if only I could speak sever al foreign languages如果我能说几种外语。3)if only you would listen to our advice。如果听我们的建议，假设法一般句型，14，in order that，so that，诱导目的副词子句，谓语动词可以