高中定语从句课件一 - 副本.ppt

1、,定语从句,一. 定语从句的基本定义,放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,被修饰的词叫先行词。,一. 定语从句的基本定义,The boy who is reading is Tom.,先行词,关系代词,Hospital is a place where a doctor works.,先行词,关系副词,二. 关系词的分类,关系代词,2. 关系副词,关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose,关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when, where, why,

2、二. 关系词的分类,三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点,1. 关系代词的基本用法,三. 1. 关系代词的基本用法, who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。,The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。,The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.,who, whom, which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。,These are the trees w

3、hich were planted last year.,This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.,which,He is the man (that) I told you about.,that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。,A plane is a machine that can fly.,that,(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.,(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen t

4、his film.,He is the kind person who I have ever worked with. whom that ,This is the best film that I have ever seen. ,1.The girl _is standing next to our teacher is her daughter. 2. The girl _our teacher is talking with is a famous singer. 3. The girl_ mother is a teacher can speak English very well

5、. 4. I cant find the book _is borrowed from the library. 5. I cant find the book _you lent to me.,who/that,(who/whom/that),whose,which/that,(that/which),巩固练习：2. 用适当的关系词填空,巩固练习2：用适当的关系词填空,五. 关系副词when, where和why的用法,五. 关系副词的基本用法,用关系副词when时，先行词指时间，when在定语从句中作时间状语，when可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：,I still remember the

6、 day when (= on which) I first came to Nanjing.,My father was born in the year when (= in which) World War broke out.,1. when,1. when,用关系副词where时，先行词指地点，where在定语从句中作地点状语，where可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：,This is the farm where (= on which) we worked when we were young.,The school where (= in which) his mother te

7、aches is in the west of the city.,2. where,2. where,用关系副词why时，先行词指原因，why在定语从句中作原因状语，why可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：,There are several reasons why (= for which) the boys should be punished.,Tom couldnt give the teacher the reason why (= for which) he was late for school.,3. why,3. why,巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空,1) October 1,

8、 1949 was the day_ (_ _) China was founded. 2) Beijing is the place _ (_ _) I came. 3) Is this the reason _ (_ _) he didnt want to see me?,when,on which,where,from which,why,for which,巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空,4) Is this the room _(_ _) we were living last winter? 5) The days are gone _ (_ _) we used “foreign

9、oil”. 6) Yesterday, we had a meeting _ (_ _) we discussed many problems.,where,in which,when,during which,at which,where,对比练习：用适当的关系词填空,1. The room _ he once lived is still there. The room _ I have to clean every day belongs to my mother.,where/in which,(that/which),对比练习：用适当的关系词填空,2. I will never fo

10、rget the day_ I met you. I will never forget the day _ we spent together.,when/on which,(that/which),The reason _ I dont know is known to him.,(that/which),why/for which,3. The reason _ I dont know the thing is that I was not there at that time.,六. 非限制性定语从句,1. 非限制性定语从句的定义,非限制性定语从句是对被修饰部分进行附加说明，如果去掉，

11、主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。它和主句之间的关系比较松散，因此常用逗号隔开。,My watch, which is very old, stopped again.,六. 1. 非限制性定语从句的定义,2.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别,(1)限制性定语从句和主句的关系十分密切，若省去，主句的意思就不明确。主从句之间不用逗号隔开。而非限制性定语从句则不然。试比较：,This is the best book that I have read.,This is a good book, which is easy to understand.,2. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别,(

12、2)限制性定语从句的先行词总是一个名词或一个代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是部分或整个主句的意思。此时，一般用关系代词as或which引导。,(4)在非限制性定语从句中，不能省略关系代词，而在限制性定语从句中则可以。,(3)限制性定语从句可以用关系代词that引导，而非限制性定语从句则不能。,(5)关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词前可以有被介词短语所修饰的词。如：,(6)在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词还可以作介词的宾语。,He has two daughters, the elder of whom is married.,He is ill, in sp

13、ite of which he keeps on studying.,3. 关系代词as, which引导非限制定语从句时的区别,(1)as和which都可指主句的整个意思，而不是主句中的某一个词。as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中；而which引导的非限制性定语从句一般置于主句之后。如：,3. as/which引导非限制性定语从句的区别,The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.,As is known to all, the moon tra

14、vels round the earth.,(2) as多用于下列习惯用语中,as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到的那样 as is well known = as is known to all 众所周知 as we had expected 正如我们所预料的那样 as often happens 正如经常发生的那样 as has been said before 如上所述 as is mentioned above 正如上面提到的,4. “介词+关系代词”结构引导非限制性定语从句，一般有以下几种结构：,(1)名词+介词+关系代词： They live in a house, the door of which faces south.,4. “介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句的几种结构,(2)代词+介词+关系代词： There are four students in the classroom,