Unit 4新编实用英语第一册

1、Unit 4 Effort and Success,努力与成功,Discussion: 1. What does “success”mean for you? Are you eager for success? 2. Do you think “effort” (努力；勤奋）is important? Why? And give your reasons. 3. Does “effort “will certainly lead to “success”? What are the relations（关系） between “effort” and “success”?,Never Too

2、 Old to Live Your Dream,实现梦想，永远不会太迟,“大器晚成”的例子： 黄忠，六十岁跟着刘备； 德川家康，七十岁打天下； 姜子牙，八十岁为丞相； 佘太君，百岁挂帅； 孙悟空，五百岁大闹天宫，一千岁西天取经； 白素贞，一千多岁下山谈恋爱，结婚生子！ 你还知道哪些例子吗？,Words and Expressions of Text A:,1. introduce: 1) 介绍，引见（+to） Tim, may I introduce you to my uncles secretary, Mary Waller? 蒂姆，我来介绍一下，这位是我叔叔的秘书玛丽沃勒。 2）引进；传

3、入（+to/into） Coffee was introduced into England from the Continent. 咖啡是从欧洲大陆传入英国的。 3) 提出；制定；推行 The chairman of the committee introduced a topic for discussion. 委员会主席提出议题供大家讨论。,2. challenge: 1) n. 挑战；难题 He received a challenge to a TV debate. 他接到电视辩论的挑战。 The new governments first challenge is the econ

4、omy. 新政府面临的第一个难题是经济问题。 2) vt. 向挑战（+to） I challenged him to show his proof. 我要他拿出证据。,3）vt. 怀疑；质疑；反对 Eg. He challenged my view on that matter. 他就我对那件事的看法提出异议。 4) 要求，需要；刺激，激发 Eg. The new position challenged him to study still harder during his spare time.,3. regret: 1）n.遗憾；后悔；惋惜 He expressed his great

5、regret. 他表达了他深深的遗憾。 2）v. 遗憾；后悔；惋惜 We regret that we are unable to consider your case. 我们很遗憾无法再考虑你的情况。,4. beam at: 对满脸堆笑 beam: vt. 笑容满面；眉开眼笑 Upon hearing the good news, he beamed at me with joy. 一听到这个好消息，他就快乐地朝我笑起来。 比较：laugh：大笑、嘲笑；smile: 微笑；grin:咧嘴笑,5. in tribute to: 致哀；向表示敬意（=mourn; pay ones respect

6、s to) tribute:n. 称赞；颂词 The song is a tribute to Roy. 这首歌是对罗伊德致敬。 Their behavior is in tribute to the great thinker. 他们的行为是在向那个伟大的思想家致敬。,Difficult sentences of text A: (1) I turned around to find a winkled, little old lady beaming up at me with a smile that lit up her entire being. 我转过身来，看到一位满脸皱纹、个子矮

7、小的老太太正对着我开心地笑着，而她的笑容使她看起来容光焕发。 turn around vt. 转身 I was directed to turn around. 我被命令转过身来。 with 用；带着 The man with the scar 带伤疤的男子 light up 点燃；照亮 He lit up a cigarette. 他点燃了一支香烟。 The sun lights up the sky and the earth. 太阳着凉了天空和大地。,（2）I was curious what may have motivated her to be taking on this cha

8、llenge at her age. 我对此非常好奇，是什么力量使她在这样的年纪去迎接这样的挑战。 be curious about: 对感到好奇 I am just curious about what would it be like if you kissed a girl. 我只是非常好奇亲吻一个女孩会是什么样的感觉。,motivate vt. 给予动机，激发（兴趣或欲望） Teachers try to motivate their students to make greater progress. 老师们竭力激发学生们取得更大的进步。 take on ：承担，接受（尤指艰巨工作或

9、重大责任） Dont take on more responsibilities than you can handle. 不要承担过多的责任。,（3）She loved to dress up and she reveled in the attention bestowed upon her from the other students. She was living it up. 她喜欢打扮自己，大家对她的关注使她兴奋不已。她陶醉于欢乐之中。 dress up: v. 装扮；打扮 You do not need to dress up for dinner. 你们不必特意盛装赴宴。 r

10、evel: v. 陶醉；着迷 We revel in the church hymns. 我们非常陶醉于教堂的赞美诗。,bestow upon: 把.给予 bestow: v. 赠与；授予 (+on/upon) The Queen has bestowed a knighthood on him. 女王已经授予他爵士头衔。 Please bestow upon me a limitless strength to love and be loved. 请赐予我无限爱与被爱的力量。 live it up: （口）充分享受生活乐趣 Lets go out and live it up a bit!

11、 我们出去好好享受一把吧！ You guys really live it up around here! 你们这些家伙真的在这里狂欢。,（4）We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. 我们不再玩耍，并不是因为我们老了；而是因为停止运动，我们才会变老。 not because 此句为特殊结构，其中not使用以否定because所引导的状语从句。翻译时，需把not移至because之前。 The motor did not stop running because the fue

12、l was finished. 摩托车停止转动，不是因为燃料用完。 These rings are not valued because they are set with precious stones. 这些指环的价值并不在于它们镶有珍稀的宝石。,（5）There is a giant difference between growing old and growing up. 变老和不断成长之间有天壤之别。 difference betweenand：和之间的区别 Could you tell me the difference between boys and girls? There

13、 is no difference between the sexes.,(6) Over two thousand college students attended （出席；参加）her funeral in tribute to（对表达敬意） the wonderful woman who taught by example that its never too late to be all you can possibly be. 有两千多名大学生参加了她的葬礼。他们用这一行动来表示对这一伟大的女士的敬重。她用自身的经历告诉大家：实现梦想，永远都不会太迟。 in tribute to:

14、 对表示敬意 We must give tribute to these who helped make this a free country. 我们必须呈送那些为使这个国家成为自由之邦而出力的人。 attend：出席；参加 I will attend the meeting tomorrow.,Text B Young Mozart,沃尔夫冈阿玛多伊斯莫扎特 （Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ),莫扎特：1756年1月27日1791年12月5日,欧洲最伟大的古典主义音乐作曲家之一 . 1756年1月27日生于奥地利的萨尔茨堡一位宫廷乐师的家庭，祖籍是德国，父亲是那座城中宫廷

15、天主教乐团的小提琴手。莫扎特有很多兄弟姐妹，他是家中的第7个孩子，1791年12月5日猝死于维也纳，终年35岁。其中最出名的歌剧是：费加罗的婚礼、唐璜和魔笛。 莫扎特在幼年时被誉为“音乐神童”，作为古典主义音乐的典范，他对欧洲音乐的发展起了巨大的作用。莫扎特毕生创作了754部作品，其中包括22部歌剧、41部交响乐、42部协奏曲、一部安魂曲以及奏鸣曲、室内乐、宗教音乐和歌曲等作品。,歌剧是莫扎特创作的主流，他与格鲁克(Gluck）、瓦格纳(Wagner）和威尔第(Verdi）一样，是欧洲歌剧史上四大巨子之一。他又与海顿、贝多芬一起为欧洲交响乐写下了光辉的一页。另外，他的安魂曲也成为宗教音乐中难能

16、可贵的一部杰作。 作为18世纪末时的欧洲作曲家，莫扎特的音乐深刻地反映了这个时代的精神，尤其是体现在歌剧作品中的市民阶层的思想，无疑在当时具有进步的意义。莫扎特赋予音乐以歌唱优美欢乐性，然而，其中又包含着悲伤，这正反映了莫扎特时代知识分子的命运。,Words and Expressions of text B: (1) astonish （=surprise) vt. 使惊讶; 使大为吃惊 She astonished me with her beautiful handwriting. 她以秀丽的书法而使我惊异。 My news will astonish you.,(2) flatter

17、vt. 1) 谄媚；奉承（+about/on) I guess he was just flattering me. 我猜想他只是在奉承我。 Flatterme,andImaynottrustyou. 奉承我，我可能不会信任你。 2) 使高兴；使感到满意 She was greatly flattered by an invitation to visit the White House. 她对受到邀请访问白宫感到很荣幸。,（3）overcome vt. 战胜；克服 The learner of a second language has many obstacles to overcome.

18、 第二语言学习者有许多障碍要克服。 Molly had fought and overcome her fear of flying. 莫莉已经努力克服了对飞行的恐惧。 （4）negative n. 否定 His answer to my request was a negative. 我的请求遭到了他的拒绝。 adj. 消极的 He has a negative attitude toward work. 他的工作态度很消极。,Explanation of difficult sentences:,(1) The accounts（记述；描述） of the early proficienc

19、y of young Mozart in music are almost incredible. 对莫扎特在年轻时在音乐方面的造诣的描述几乎令人难以置信。 proficiency in ：在方面熟练，精通 Evidence of basic proficiency in English is part of the admission requirement. 英语基本熟练是入学条件之一。 incredible: 不可思议的 Thiss is an incredible discovery. 这是一个不可思议的发现。,（2）When hardly able to walk, his firs

20、t question to the friends who took him on their knee was, whether they loved him, and a negative always made him weep. At six years old this singular child commenced with his father and sister one of those musical tours in Germany 还不会走路时，他向抱他在膝上的人问的第一个问题就是他们是不是喜欢他，如果回答是否定的话他便会哭泣。六岁时，这个非凡的男孩就于他的父亲和姐姐

21、开始了当时在德国很普遍的音乐之旅,hardly ad. 几乎不，简直不 My legs were so weak that I could hardly stand. 我的腿弱得简直无法站立。 注意：与 “hard”意思完全不同. “hard”: 1) adj. 困难的，如：The work is so hard. 2) adv. 努力地 He works very hard. hardly when: （=as soon as) 一就；刚就,使用这个短语时，一般用于过去完成时. Wehadhardlystartwhenitbegantorain. 我们刚一出发，就开始下雨了。 Wehadha

22、rdlyarrivedwhenitbegantorain. 我们刚到就开始下雨了。,commence (=start, begin) vt. 开始；着手（+v-ing) (+to-v) He commenced studying law in 1988. 他于1988年开始学习法律。 The hunter knelt beside the animal carcass and commenced to skin it. 猎人跪在动物尸体旁边，开始剥皮。 vi. 开始 The academic year commences at the beginning of October. 学年于10月初

23、开始。,（3）When only even years old he taught himself the violin; and thus, by the united effort of genius（天才；天赋） and industry（勤劳；勤奋）, mastered the most difficult of all instruments. 年仅七岁的时候，他就自学小提琴，通过自己的天赋和后天的努力，他掌握了这种最难学的乐器。 teach oneself: 自学 teach的用法:（”过去式”：taught) vt. 教，讲授；训练（teach sb to do sth) She taught us to pronounce those difficult words. 她教我们发这些难字的音。 vi.教，讲授；当老师 He teaches in Berlin.,（4）On his departure from England, he gave a farewell concert, of which all the symphonies were composed by him. 离开伦敦时，他举行了一场告别音乐会，这场音乐会上的所有交响曲都是由他创作的。 depart: 1) v. 离开