2010届高三英语二轮总复习语法填空专题训练课件：介词.ppt

1、介词,介词是高考中的一个重要考点，在连续两年的广东高考中都有两空是专门考查介词的，占语法填空的五分之一。该题要求“在空格处填入一个适当的词”的限定，所以我们要重点关注简单介词(一个单词的介词)，主要考点有：,考点解密,表示时间介词有: at, in, on 表示时间点和时间段 by 不迟于，到时为止 after 在之后 before 在之前 since 自从 for 表示一段时间; during 在期间 within在期间，不超过 throughout贯穿期间 over在期间，过完一段时间 fromto从到 until/till直到 between在之间,2. 表示方位的介词有： into进入

2、； out of从出来； along沿着； (a)round围饶着或在的各处； down沿而下；up沿而上；from从； off从离开或下来；at朝着或向着； for到去；to到或向；towards向或朝着； at在某一点或在(某物)旁； in在某一范围内；on在某物的表面上； above在的上头或高出； below在下面或低于； among在(多者)之中； between在(两者)之间；around在周围；,inside在的里面； outside在的外面； before在之前； behind在的后面； over在的上方或上面； under在的下面或下方； beside/by在的旁边； nea

3、r在的附近；,beyond在的那一边，远于，超过(某事物的范围)； across在的对面或那一边； against靠着； across从一边到另一边； by/past从某人或某物的旁边经过； over从某人或某物的上空经过； through从某事物的里面经过。,3. 表示原因的介词有because of, owing to, due to, for, with, at(常放在表示情感变化后的动词、形容词或名词后表示原因，相当于“听到或看到”)等。 4. 表示方式、方法或手段的介词有by乘、坐、骑(接交通工具), 靠、通过；in用(某种语言或材料，如墨水等)；with用(具体的工具)，和一起；t

4、hrough通过(实践或书本)等。 5. 表示“除外”的介词有except, besides, but, except for等。,6. 表示“数量”的about(大约), around(大约), over(超过)等；表示“关于”的on, about等；表示“所属”“部分与整体关系”的of；表示(增加/减少，相差，高出等的)程度的by；以及as(当作，作为)，like(像一样)等。 7. 能接复合宾语的介词有with和without。 8. 短语中的介词。如“动词+介词”短语，如look after, care for，congratulations on等；“动词+副词+介词”短语，如cat

5、ch up with, get on with, work hard at, do well in等；“动词+名词+介词”take are of, take notice of等； “名词+介词”，如effect on等。,1. 什么情况下可能是填介词？ 我们首先必须知道两点： (1)介词必须要接宾语，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词，或者what从句； (2)名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语。 因此，我们在解答语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词时，且他们不是在句中作主语，也不是在动词后作宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。,解题技巧,2. 应该填哪个介词？ 在判断

6、可能填介词之后，要根据具体的语境来确定填哪个介词，特别是根据空格所在句子的意思来选择一个恰当的介词。另外，以下几条思路对解题非常有用： (1)由介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系来确定。2008年广东高考36题，“感到累了”应当是“干活一整天之后”，故填after。,(2)由所处句型的特殊需要来确定。如2008年广东高考31题，这是一个there be句型，该句型一般是表示“在某个地点存在某人或某物”；可见 “_these proverbs”应当是表示地点的；不难得知“有趣故事”应当是在“这些成语的背后”，故填behind。 (3)由特殊的结构关系来确定。如能接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)的介词只能是with

7、或without。 (4)考虑介词(空格)与前面的动词或名词之间的搭配关系，或者介词(空格)与后面名词之间的搭配关系来确定具体要填的介词。,例1Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peoples daily life. _these proverbs there are often interesting stories. (广东),分析：因these proverbs是名词，且不是作主语、宾语、表语等，前面很可能是填介词；句意是“在中国的这些成语故事的背后常常有有趣的故事”，表示“在背后”，用

8、介词behind。,实例剖析,实例剖析,例2He was very tired _ doing this for a whole day.,分析：累了必定是在干了一整天活之后，故填after；另外，表示“因而累”，be tired from也是固定短语，故也可填from。,例3the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me _a guest in their house.,分析：句意是“把我们作为客人接待”，表示“当作，作为”用介词as。

9、,例4I wanted to reward the old woman _the trouble I had caused her.,分析：句意是“我想酬谢我们给她造成了麻烦的那个年迈的妇女。” 表示“因而酬谢/报答某人”，是reward sb. for sth.，即用for引出原因，故填for。 类似的表达还有: thank sb. for sth.; praise sb. for sth.; punish sb. for sth.等。,考点击破,一、单句填空：用适当的介词填空。 1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath

10、, sank _ a chair. (安徽) 2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, youd better leave _ the back door. (北京) 3. A great man shows his greatness _ the way he treats little men. (福建) 4. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much. (福建),into,by,by,with,5. I like Mr.

11、 Miners speech; it was clear and _ the point. (辽宁) 6. Lets learn to use the problem we are facing _ a stepping-stone to future success. (宁夏) 7. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like _ working here. (全国) 8. I began to feel _ home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces

12、. (山东),to,as,about,at,9. Elizabeth has already achieved success _ her wildest dreams. (陕西) 10. Everything was perfect for the picnic except _ the weather. (浙江) 11. This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school _ girls of your age. (北京) 12. Although _ my opinion, the old professor didnt c

13、ome up with his own. (福建),beyond,for,against,for,13. _ the silence of the pauses, we could hear each others breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats. (湖南) 14. Scientists are convinced _ the positive effect of laughter _ physical and mental health. (江西) 15. Experts have been warning _ some

14、time of the health risks caused by passive smoking. (江西) 16. The manager suggested an earlier date _ the meeting. (全国I),In,of on,for,for,17. Some people choose jobs for other reasons _ money these days.(全国II) 18. Some students often listen to music _ classes to refresh themselves. (四川) 19. The open-

15、air celebration has been put off because _ the bad weather. (浙江) 20. Sorry, Madam. Youd better come tomorrow because its _the visiting hours. (福建) 21. Its quite_ me why such things have been allowed to happen. (安徽),besides,between,of,beyond,beyond,22. Its a top secret. Yes, I see. I will keep the se

16、cret _ you and me.(上海) 23. People have always been curious_ how living things on the earth exactly began. (辽宁) 24. After the earthquake, the injured were cared_ in the local hospitals or taken to the hospitals in the neighboring cities. (江西) 25. I would like a job which pays more, but _ the other ha

17、nd I enjoy the work Im doing at the moment. (浙江),between,about,for,on,26. More and more young people are fond _ playing tennis nowadays. (上海) 27. Leave your key with a neighbor _ case you lock yourself out one day. (北京) 28. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, _ which there wont be much wo

18、rk. (上海) 29. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, _ which New York is an example. (四川),of,in,without,of,30. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _which appeared a rare rainbow soon. (福建) 31. The book was written in 19

19、46, _ when the education system has witnessed great charges. (山东) 32. He was educated at the local high school, _ which he went on to Beijing University. (江苏),above,since,after,33. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _which they can be controlled on purpose. (重庆),to,二、语篇模拟：用适当的介词填空。 Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day 1_children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman2_the name of Sonora Smar