高中英语语法精讲之情态动词

1、,情态动词练习,情态动词,can/could,will/ would,may/might,must,shall,should,need,ought to/have to,dare,基本用法,1. 情动+动词原形,had better,2. 没有人称和数的变化( 除“have to”外).,3. 否定式: +not ought not to,can could,1.表“能力” （体力,脑力 或技术),Can you lift this heavy box?,I couldnt understand what he said at all.,2.表“许可” “建议,请求”,You can use

2、a different material instead.,Could you help me carry the box ?,3.表“推测” “可能性”,No, no, it cant be true. What on earth can this mean?,can与could用法对比,We thought the story couldnt be true. / How could you be so careless?,4.cantcouldnt+have+P.P表示对过去的否定推测,他不可能去过那个小镇。 He couldnt have been to that town. 她不可能

3、做这样愚蠢的事. She cant have done such a foolish thing.,He could have finished the task on time, but the heavy snow came.,5.could+have+P.P: 表示本来能做得到, 但事实上未做到.,6.Can+have+done：一般用在疑问句中表推测,1.You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book. You_find the book by the title. (08湖南） must B.need C.can

4、 D.would 2.Peter_be really difficult at times even though hes a nice person in general.(08辽宁） A.shall B.should C.can D.must 3.If it were not for the fact that she_sing, I would invite her to the party. A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.cant D.might not,1.-I cant find my purse anywhere(08重庆） -You _ have lost it

5、 while shopping. A.may B.can C.should D.would 3.Liza_well not want to go on the trip -she hates traveling.(08全国卷II） A.will B.can C.must D.may,1.Be careful, you might break the glass. 2. He may be busy getting ready for his trip.,a. may(might)+V.表示对现在或将来事情的猜测.(might比 may可能性更小一些.),He may (might)have p

6、layed electric game on TV the whole night.(For he looks very sleepy.),b. may(might)+ have+P.P,表示对过去事情的猜测, 认为某事“可能”发生.(might比may更含蓄,或更不肯定.),1.-I hear youve got a set of vuluable Australian coins._i have a look -Yes, certainly.(02北京） do B.may C.shall D.should 2.-Are you coming to Jeffs party -Im not s

7、ure. i_go to the concert instead.（00全国） must B.would C.should D.might 3. Helen_go on the trip with us, but she isnt quite sure yet.(05安徽） A. shall B.must C.may D.can,1.The teacher_have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldnt have wasted time on him,I suppose.(07安徽） A.should B.can C.would D.must

8、2.In crowded places like airports and railway stations,You_take care of your luggage.(07北京） A.can B.may C.must D.will,must与 have to用法对比,must have to,1.表必须,(主观看法)必须; 没有过去式,可用于间接引语中. He told me I must do according to what he said.,(客观需要)不得不;有多种时态. -Its raining heavily, we cant go now. -I think well ha

9、ve to wait till the rain stops.,2.疑问句及答语中,Must I ? Yes, you must.(一定) No, you neednt. No, you dont have to,Do you have to go today? Yes, we do. 否定句: You dont have to worry about that.,You must be hungry now, _?,= Im sure you are hungry now.,He must be watching TV now, _?,= Im sure he is watching TV

10、now.,Tom must have lived here for a long time, _?,= Im sure Tom has lived here for a long time.,She must have arrived yesterday, _?,= Im sure she arrived yesterday.,*陈述部分的must表示“一定”,“想必”等推测意义时,要根据陈述部分的不定式结构, 在附加疑问部分采用与其相适应的主动词或助动词形式.,arent you,isnt he,hasnt he,didnt she,1.-May I smoke here -If you _

11、,choose a seat in the smoking section.(06山东） Should B. could C. may D.must 2.He_have completed his work; otherwise,he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside. A.should B.must C.wouldnt D.cant 3.Tom, you_leave all your clothes on the floor like this!(05河南） A. wouldnt B.mustnt C.neednt D.may not,1.

12、-Im sorry.I_at you the other day.(08江苏） -Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself. A.shouldnt shout B.shouldnt have shouted C. mustnt shout D.mustnt have shouted 2.-what does the sign over there read -”No person_smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”(07四川） A. will B.may

13、C.shall D.must,should与shall用法对比,should shall,1.表“应当”,表示劝告,建议,You should listen to the doctors advice.,2.表可能的猜测,They should get home by now.,作情态动词,用于第一、三人称 表示征求对方意见或请求 Shall we begin our lesson?Shall he go out for a walk?,用于第二、三人称，表示允诺、 警告、威胁、命令、决心等。,You shall have a nice present for your birthday.(允

14、诺),1.It has been announced that candidates_ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.(02上海） can B.will C.may D.shall 2. -Write to me when you get there. -_.(01北京） I must B.i should C. i will D. i can 3.-The room is so dirty._we clean it -Of course. A.will B.shall C.would D.do,1

15、.-I dont mind telling you what I know. -You_, Im not asking you for it.(04江苏） mustnt B.may not C.cant D.neednt 2.I wonder how he_that to the teacher.（95上海） A.dare to say B.dare saying C.not dare say D.dared say 3. You dont_to go there if you have no time.(97 上海） A. need B.want C.must D.ought,Need与da

16、re用法对比,need dare,1.情态动词+V *疑问式 *否定式,He need not (neednt) go.,Need we do it again?,No, you neednt do it again.,Dare she go out alone at night?,How dare you say I am unfair?,He dare not say so.,2.need/dare+ to do *肯定式 *否定式 *疑问式,He needs to go.,He doesnt need to go.,Does he need to do it again?,He dare

17、s to say.,He does not dare (to) say.,If you dare to jump into the water from here, so dare I.,1.Although this _sound like a simple task, great care is needed.(08四川） A.must B.may C.shall D.should 2.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who_have taken it A.should B.must C.could D.would 3.Acco

18、rding to the air traffic rules,you_switch off your mobile phone before boarding.(08上海） A.may B.can C.would D.should 4.You_be hungry already-you had lunch only two hour ago!(08浙江） A.woulnt B.cant C.mustnt D.neednt,5.It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it_be rather cold sometimes.(08福建） A.must B.can C.should D.would 6.-What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?(08陕西） -well, it_be big-thats not important. mustnt B.neednt C