听力专题(课堂PPT)

1、1,高考英语听力专题 永州四中 刘斌,2,考纲要求 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考 试大纲（英语）中有关听力的要求： 要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白 和对话。考生应能： （1）理解主旨要义； （2）获取具体的、事实性信息； （3）对所听内容做出推断； （4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。,3,考纲解读 考试大纲听力测试部分要求考生能听懂有关日常生活中所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应具备： 1. 了解事实与细节(如时间、地点、数据等) 的能力； 2. 揭示对话或独白的主要意义的能力； 3. 明确说话人的语气与意图的能力； 4. 辨认人物的角色和关系的能力； 5. 分析人物的态度和感受

2、的能力； 6. 简单地进行逻辑推理与判断的能力。,4,特征：,1.听力测试是考查学生理解口头语言能力的测试。因此，它的结构不像书面语言那么严谨，句子短，重复率高，冗余信息多。听力测试的材料比阅读材料要容易，基本上没有超纲的词语（但常会出现一些陌生的人名或地名）。 2.大多数听力材料来源于英语国家的生活会话，题材广泛，涉及英语国家日常生活的许多方面，具有明显的口语特征，听起来自然真实，符合在非测试状态下英语口语在社会生活中运用的真实情景。有利于全面有效的检测考生在不同生活实际环境下对所学语言的感悟和接受能力。 3.对话或独白都通过具体语言内容表明一个特定的语境。理解语境是把握所听内容的关键，是理

3、解材料内容的前提。 4.材料一般由10段对话和独白构成，总词数为850左右。除了一些专有词外，材料中一般没有生词。,5,2017年新课标全国卷I英语听力材料话题明细,6,近几年高考测试内容大多属于日常生活类，非常贴近生活，贴近时代，话题涉及的生活领域更广，提问方式更加注意整体。因此，高考听力的选材，定会来源于生活，体现生活情景。所以，高中英语听力的平日训练应紧扣日常英语，包括讨论派对、假期计划、安排地点和时间、工作面试、周末活动、日常饮食、运动健康、道路方位、交通方式、住房和租房、邻里、租赁关系等等。,高考命题趋势预测,7,备考方法：,关键：信息提取 具体信息是指语篇中的时间、地点、人物等细节

4、性的信息。这些信息是理解和把握对话或独白的主旨必不可少的内容，也常常是听力部分的考查项目。设问全部是特殊疑问句，几乎涵盖了所有的疑问类型，如：what , who, when, where, why, how, what time, how many, how much, how long, how old, how soon, how often等提问。,8,提问方式： When will the visitors come? When will the man probably get to Beijing? When and where do they agree to meet fin

5、ally?,高考热点突破一：判断时间,9,1. What time is it now? A. 9:10. B. 9:50. C. 10:00.,Text 1（2015年全国1卷第1题） W: What time is your train leaving? M: It leaves at ten. Ive got fifty minutes left. W: Youd better hurry, or you wont be able to catch it.,高考真题：,10,捕捉目标词语（target words), 即与问 题相关的重要信息。,培养瞬间记忆能力，边听边记，用缩 写或符号

6、来标记。,备考指南：,11,half past, a quarter to, a.m.,p.m., before, ahead, earlier,later, delay, put off,近音干扰。如：fifteen和fifty,(时间的提前),（时间的推后）,备考指南：,12,(1)表示:“之前”的常用词: already, before, previous, former等; (2)表示“两者同时”: meanwhile, meantime, presently(不久,现在),then, now, contemporary(同代人,同龄人), simultaneous(同时的,同时发生的

7、)等; 3)表示“之后”的常用词有; after, finally., immediately, last, later, next, suddenly等; (4) January(Jan); February(Feb): March(Mar); April(Apr); May: June(Jun): July(Ju): August( Aug); September(Sept); October(Oct); November(Nov): December(Dec) (5) Monday( Mon); Tuesday(Tues): Wednesday(Wed); Thursday(Thurs)

8、 ；Friday(Fri); Saturday( Sat); Sunday(Sun),备考指南：,13,提问方式： Where does the conversation most probably take place? Where are the two speakers? Where does the man(woman) work? Where is the man going?,高考热点突破二：判断场景,14,4.Where does the conversation probably take place? In a wine shop. In a supermarket. In

9、a restaurant.,听力原文：2016 Text 4 M: Heres the menu, Madame. Would you like something to drink? W: Yes, please. May I see the wine list? M: Certainly. Here you are.,高考真题：,15,抓住信息词(informative words), 关键词(key words) 进行合理的判断或推断。,school:,airport:,lecture, paper, exam, teacher,timetable, take off, flight,相

10、关词汇,备考指南：,16,At hospital：examine, headache, cold and flu, pill, blood pressure In the post office：mail , post, stamp, envelope, package, airmail At hotel：book a room, a single/double room At restaurant：menu, order, bill, beer, wine In the library：book, magazine In the bank：cash. check At a shop: siz

11、e, color, style, supermarket,discount, chain store In a house:family,parents,kid,relative,housework, wife, husband,备考指南：,17,电话场景 1. operator接线员 2. call/telephone/ring/phonesb. 或givesb.acall/ring 3. Hello!Thisisspeaking. Whosspeaking?/Whoisthat? 4. Extensionsixtwotwosix,please. 请转6226。 5. longdistanc

12、ecall长途电话,18,6. Thelineisbad/busy/engaged. 或Itkeptabusyline.电话占线。 7. collectcall对方付费的电话 8. putthrough接通电话 9. holdon/up；Holdtheline,please. 10. Illcallbacklater/again.或 Illringhim/herupagain. 11. Icouldntgetthrough. 12. Sorry,Imafraidyouhavethewrong number.,19,酒店场景 1. makeareservation预定房间 2. receptio

13、ndesk接待处 3. checkin入住 4. checkout结账 5. singleroom单间 6. suite套间 7. Doyouhaveareservation,Sir?,20,8. Haveyougotanyvacantroom? (=Isthereanyroomavailablehere?) 有空房间吗？ 9. Alltheroomareoccupied.房间已满。10.CanIhaveasuiteplease? 11. Howmuchdoyouchargeforthat? 12. Smokingornosmoking? 13. Mealsincluded. 包括饮食。 14

14、. CanIshowyouyourroom?/ CanIcarryyourluggage?,21,超速场景 1.speeding 2. MayIseeyourlicense,please? 3.Youwillbefinedby$20. 购物场景 1. store杂货店 2. departmentstore百货商场 3. shoppingcenter购物中心 4. 商品信息：size;color;style;price; Whatcolor/size/kinddoyouwant?,22,5. 商品论贵贱：expensive,cheap 6. 价格论高低：high,low,bargain便宜货 7

15、.popular/fashionable流行的 infashion流行，时尚 8. outoffashion过时的 9. brand品牌 10. counter柜台 11. payincash用现金支付 12. payincheck用支票支付 13. creditcard信用卡,23,14. shopassistant商店营业员 15.outofstock脱销/缺货 16. instock有货 天气场景 1. cloudy阴天 2. overcast多云 3. thunder打雷 4. strong/highwind大风 5. tornado龙卷风 6. typhoon台风,24,7. sto

16、rm风暴 8.blizzard暴风雪 9. downpour倾盆大雨 10. shower阵雨 11. Itrainscatsanddogs.(=Therainis pouring.)下着倾盆大雨。 12. clearup天空放晴 13. putawayclothes下雨收衣服 14. weatherinLondon/Seattle 意指不好的天气,25,15. weatherinCalifornia意指好天气 经常和天气相联系的情况： vacation和flight（航班） （bedelayed/cancelledbythebadweather）,26,机场场景 1. flight航班 2.

17、 Welcomeonboard!欢迎登机 3. boundfor飞往方向去的 4. checkin办理登机手续 5. behindschedule晚点 6. takeoff起飞 7. land降落,27,职业,身份,说话者之间的关系,What does the womanman do ? Whats the womansmans job? What is the manwoman? Who are the two speakers? Whats the most probable relationship between the two speakers?,提问方式：,高考热点突破三：判断人物

18、及关系,28,8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Colleagues.C. Roommates.,听力原文（ 2016年全国1卷第8题） Text 7 M: Hi, Sue. Hows it going? W: Oh, hi, Frank, just fine. How are your classes? M: Pretty good. Im glad this is my last term here, though. W: Why is that? I thought

19、you were enjoying school. M: I was. But now Im getting tired of it. Im ready for the real world. W: What are you planning to do when you graduate? M: First, I want to get a job as a computer programmer, and then after five years or so, Id like to start my own business. W: Sounds good. I still have t

20、hree terms to go until Im done. M: Youll make it for sure. Well, see you later. W: Bye!,高考真题：,29,根据谈话内容判断。,根据语气判断。,在听人物之间关系的题目时，说话人之间的语气尤其重要，如果是上司跟下属之间的关系，语气一般较强硬，有命令的意味；而如果是夫妻之间，则语气较为甜蜜，随意；朋友之间较亲切；服务员对顾客一般较尊敬。总之揣摩语气非常重要。,备考指南：,30,常见的人物关系： Doctorpatient waiter/waitresscustomer secretaryboss shop ass

21、istantcustomer driverpoliceman teacherstudent salesmancustomer husbandwife receptionisttourist lawyerclient,备考指南：,31,相关词汇： doctor and patient：trouble check pain sore fever heart stomach lungs blood test prescription light diet when did it start open your mouth husband and wife：dear darling sweethear

22、t my love cook picnic TV dinner shop assistant and customer：size color try on price discount Can I help you？What size do you wear？Is that cash or charge？,备考指南：,32,许多听力材料中涉及数字，例如年代、日期、价格、数量等等，并且会以基数词、序数词、分数、小数、百分比等形式出现，这就要求考生辨别各种形式的数字，还要熟悉数字之间的关系。,高考热点突破四：数字及简单的计算,33,提问方式：,When did the plane take off

23、? When will the train arrive? What time is it now? How long did the meeting last? Whats the price of the car? How much per pound are the oranges? How much did the man spend on the tickets? How much does the woman have to pay for the dress?,备考指南：,34,3. At what time will the two speakers meet? A. 5:20

24、. B. 5:10. C.4:40.,Text 3 2011全国一卷（3） M: Lets meet at 20 to 5. W: Well. Could we make it 20 past 5? W: Thats a bit late for me. I could manage 10 past. M: OK. See you then.,高考真题：,35,15. How much can a new person earn for the first year? A. $10,500.B. $12,000.C. $15,000. 16. How many people will the

25、woman hire? A. Four.B. Three.C. Two.,听力原文Text 9 2014年全国卷第（15）（16）题 W: Please sit down. Lets seeyoure Mr. Smith. Is that correct? M: Yes. John Smith. W: And youre interested in this job? M: Yes, I am. Ill graduate from college the coming June. My major is Chinese. W: I see. Have you ever done any wor

26、k in this field? M: Yes, I used to be a tour guide for Chinese travellers. W: Good. Now, how much money do you expect to have for a year? M: From what Ive read, it seems that a starting pay would be around $12,000 a year. W: Here, you would start at $10,500 for the first yeara kind of training perio

27、d. Then you would go to $15,000. M: That sounds fair enough. What do you think are the chances for me to get a job here? W: Well, Im talking to three people today and four tomorrow. Well be hiring two people. Youll hear from us sometime next month. Good luck! And thanks for coming in today.,36,(1)数字

28、题听力题所涉及的数字包括年代、时间、距离、速度、价格、数量等。要求回答某事在什么时间发生;或者某人在什么时间做什么事情;价格、数量等。在做数字计算题时,考生除了应该听清具体的数字,还应该注意表示倍数、百分率等的单词。考查数字的辨音。其中考生觉得较难-teen和-ty。比如, fifteen和 fifty的区分。,备考指南：,37,考查和价格有关的数字表达方式:美元单位: dollar(元),dime(角),cent(美分), nickel(5美分), quarter(25美分); 商品“打几折”的读法有两种:可以直接读at a x% discount或x% off,例如打七折可以说成ata70

29、% discount或30%off; 其他一些与数字有关的表达: couple(一对), dozen(一打), fortnight(两周),a few days ago/ the other day(几天前); 注意以下单位:inch(英寸),foot(英尺),yard(码),mile(英里), meter(米), centimeter(厘米), kilometer(公里),gram(克), kilometer(千克),ton(吨), gallon(加仑),pint(品脱),square meter(平方米),cubic meter（立方米）, liter（升）,备考指南,38,记住下面这些表

30、示数字与数字之间的关系词： 表加减关系的词,如more(多),less(少),late(晚), early（早),fast(快),slow(慢),before(前), after(后) 表乘除关系的词,如 times(倍), twice(两倍), percentage(百分比), a pair of(一双),half of(一半), doublet双倍), quarter(四分之一)等。,备考指南：,39,提问方式：,Why is she lateangrydisappointed? Why didntcouldnt he she go to the theatre? What is the

31、reason for her leaving for New York?,高考热点突破五：方法，原因与理由,40,3. Why does the man talk to Dr. Simpson? A. To make an apology. B. To ask for help. C. To discuss his studies.,Text 3 （2016年全国2卷第3题）原因 M: Im sorry I was late for class today, Dr. Simpson. W: Well, Ill let it go this time. But you saw it distur

32、bed the rest of the class. M: Yes, I realized that. I wont let it happen again.,高考真题：,41,涉及因果关系的对话主要有两种情况：先结果，后原因；先原因，后结果。一般说来，涉及因果关系的题目的重点在原因上，因此要特别注意对话中后者的答语。 1熟练掌握表示因果关系的词或者词组：because，since、so、as、because of、as a result of、cause、occur from、due to、owing to、on account of、now that、so that等。 2通过问题和选项预

33、测，在听的过程式中注意表示因果关系表达法、习惯用语、虚拟语气及分词的时态和语态。,备考指南：,42,常见设问方式： What does the man(woman) say about/think of?/ How does the man(woman) feel about/like?/ Whats the mans(womans) opinion about/ What is the mans(womans) attitude toward the conversation?/ How does the man(woman) feel?/ The mans(womans) feeling

34、toward the subject can be best described as等。,高考热点突破六：观点态度,43,听力原文：Text 9 2016年全国2卷（16）观点 态度 M: You must be pretty excited about your trip to Europe, Dorothy. When are you leaving? W: In just two weeks, and I am excited. Ive been looking forward to this training program for a long time. But there ar

35、e still a few things I need to do before I go. M: Like what? W: Like renewing my passport and figuring out what to do with my apartment while Im gone. M: You are not going to give it up, are you? W: No way! Ill never find another apartment like it around here. But I dont like the idea of paying thre

36、e months for an empty apartment, either. So, Im looking for someone to take it while Im away. M: Um, let me think. Oh, I know just a person. An old colleague of mine, Jim Thomas. He is coming here to do some research this summer, from June to August. W: Well, thats exactly when Ill be away! M: Tell

37、you what: Ill be calling Jim late this week anyway, so Ill mention it to him. W: Well, thanks, Bill.,16. What does Dorothy think of her apartment? A. Its expensive. B. Its satisfactory. C. Its inconvenient.,高考真题：,44,此类题要求考生根据对话者说话的语音、语调、语气以及谈话内容，判断出说话者对某人、某事物的看法或态度。,备考指南：,45,1捕捉“弦外之音”，如降调表示赞同肯定；升调表示疑问否定。 2要学会透过转折和让步把握说话者的真正意图。表示真实态度的常见词是“but”, “ well, it depends” , “above all”等. 尤其要注意but等后的意思，以及though，although，even though，even if，in spite of，despite，unless，instead of，however及whatever(=no ma