(确保翻译工作的顺利进展)

1、Tasks for todays lesson,Check Exs. 3-4 Chapter 5 The Translators Exertion of Subjectivity,17,1,Chapter 5,The Translators Exertion of Subjectivity,17,2,5.1 The Necessity of the Translators Exertion of Subjectivity,To Guarantee the Successful Advancement of Translation （确保翻译工作的顺利进展） To Extend the Life

2、 of the Original Work （延长原作的生命） To Disseminate Cultures （传播文化）,17,3,5.2 The Requirements for the Translators Exertion of Subjectivity,Good Language Competence Cultural Background Knowledge Extensive Knowledge Earnest Devotion to the Task,17,4,5.3 Manifestations of the Translators Exertion of Subject

3、ivity,Selection of the SLT Comprehension of the SLT Selection of the Translation Strategy Domestication or foreignization Selection of Language Form Formal or informal, written or colloquial Reproduction of the SLT in the TLT Improvement of TLT,17,5,5.4 Restrictions of the Translators Exertion of Su

4、bjectivity,The translator can mobilize his dynamic role to fulfill translation tasks, but he or she is restrained by some factors at the same time. First of all, the translator is restrained by the original author and the SLT. Secondly, the translator is limited by the age, region and environment in

5、 which he or she lives. Thirdly, the translator is limited by the TLT readers.,17,6,Examples,直等到两个半月以后，尸身为人在无意中发现时，那个狡猾强悍的煤矿工人，在辰谿与芷江两县交界处的土匪队伍中称小头脑，干打家劫舍捉肥羊的生涯已多日了。(沈从文) 原译 Two and a half months later, his body was accidentally discovered; but by then the tough, crafty miner was already a bandit ch

6、ief in the border region between Chenxi and Zhijiang, looting the villages and stealing fat sheep. “捉肥羊” in the dialect of the west of Hunan, means the deed of kidnapping the rich and extorting money from them.,17,7,Examples,It now writhed in convulsion of pain, and was a forcible type in its little

7、 frame, of the moral agony which Hester Prynne had borne throughout the day. (The Scarlet Letter) 原译 她这时正在痛苦的痉挛中扭捩着，她小小的身体，成了海丝特白兰当天所忍受过来的精神痛苦的一个强有力的模型。 改译 女婴正在痛苦中抽搐着，扭动着她那小小的身躯。这完全象征着海丝特白兰在白天里所经受的一切精神痛苦。,17,8,Examples,严复的译文 （为什么这样译？） It may be safely assumed that, two thousand years ago, before Cae

8、sar (100 B.C.44 B.C.) set foot in Southern Britain, the whole countryside visible from the windows of the room in which I write, was in what is called “the state of nature”. 赫胥黎独处一室之中，在英伦之南，背山而面野，槛外诸境，历历如在眼下。乃悬想两千年前，当罗马大将恺撒来到时，此间有何景物。计惟有天造草昧，人功未施。,17,9,Examples,译文比较：选择译语的考虑 Studies serve for delight

9、, for ornament and, for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgement and disposition of business. (Of Studies by Francis Bacon) 译文1 读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博采也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处事判事之际。(王佐良译) 译文2 求知可

10、以作为消遣，可以作为装饰，也可以增长才干。当你孤独寂寞时，阅读可以消遣。当你高谈阔论时，知识可供装饰。当你处事行事时，正确运用知识意味着力量。(何新译),17,10,Examples,翻译技巧的使用 The use of bacteriological weapons is a clear violation of the international law. 译文1细菌武器的使用是对国际法的明显违反。 译文2使用细菌武器显然违反国际法。 使用了什么技巧： 词性转换,17,11,Examples,翻译技巧的使用 Avoid using this computer in extreme cold

11、, heat, dust or humidity. 译文1不要在过冷、热、灰尘、湿度的情况下使用此电脑。 译文2不要在过冷、过热、灰尘过重、湿度过大的情况下使用此电脑。 使用了什么技巧： 增词，以使汉语译文意思清楚、语言通顺。,17,12,Examples,翻译技巧的使用 John was a fool for danger. 译文1 约翰对危险是傻子。 译文2 约翰是天不怕地不怕的。 使用了什么技巧： 跳出字面，译出深层含义。,17,13,Examples,翻译技巧的使用 Unless something is moved, no work is done. 译文1除非某种东西被移动，否则功

12、不会被完成。 译文2除非某种物体移动了，否则就没有做功。 使用了什么技巧： 改变语态：被动改为主动。,17,14,Examples,翻译技巧的使用 心较比干多一窍，病如西子胜三分。 译文1 She had more chambers in her heart than the martyred Bi Gan; and suffered a tithe more pain in it than the beautiful Xi Shi. (translated by David Hawkes) 译文2 She looked more sensitive than Pikan, more deli

13、cate than Xi Shih. （Notes: 1. A prince noted for his great intelligence at the end of the Shang Dynasty. 2. A famous beauty of the ancient kingdom of Yueh. (杨宪益译) ） 使用了什么技巧： 意译；加注。,17,15,Examples,翻译技巧的使用 And so many of those “best men” have returned as amputees and quadriplegias to lie in rancid hos

14、pitals which fly the flag that Mr. Agnew holds so close. 译文1也是那些“优秀分子”中有这样多的人缺臂断腿，四肢瘫痪地回来，结果是躺在飘扬着阿格纽先生如此珍视的那面旗帜的、腐臭之气冲天的医院里。 译文2那样多的“优秀分子”缺胳膊断腿，甚至四肢瘫痪回来，结果却躺在臭气熏天的医院里，而医院上空飘荡的正是阿格纽先生无比珍视的那面旗帜。 使用了什么技巧： 断句，因汉语的定语不能太长。,17,16,Homework: Exercise 5,17,17,17,18,Lu Xun made such remarks: simply for the motif of A Dream of Red Mansions, there are different opinions depending on the readers standards: Confuci