表语从句和宾语从句

1、表语从句,引导表语从句的关联词,1. 连接词：that, whether, because, as if, as though. 2. 连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whomever, whosever 3. 连接副词：when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however.,The question is that he is also short of money. That is what I want to tell you. The problem is whether he

2、will agree to the suggestion or not. That is why she left her hometown in her teens. That is where the battle took place. That is how they survived the winter.,It looks 等后的表语从句,It seemed as if she didnt have a friend in the world. It sounds to me as if he doesnt know what to do. Remain, seem, appear

3、, sound, feel等连系动词,My question is that 后的语气问题,主句的主语是request, order, suggestion, advice, requirement等等时，其后的表语从句要用should型虚拟语气，should可省略。 My request is that he (should) make less noise. My suggestion is that we (should) appoint Roger as chairman of the committee. My advice is that she (should) not say

4、anything to the press.,It may be because hes not interested in it. The reason why (that) he was dismissed is that he was careless and irresponsible. The reason he did not come is that he was ill.,宾语从句,1. 作动词的宾语 2. 作介词的宾语 3. 做形容词的宾语 4. 动词+it+that结构 5. 不可直接跟that从句的动词 6.不可以that从句作直接宾语的动词 7. that 引导宾语从句

5、时的省略 8. I dont think he is right否定主句还是否定从句,1. 作动词的宾语,1). 由that引导的宾语从句 I wish (that) she would understand me. Jim suggested that we go to the Rocky Mountains during the summer. He ordered that we should start at once. 2) 由what, when, why, which, how many, how much, who(m), whether(if)等引导的宾语从句 I dont

6、know what she has bought for fathers birthday. He wondered if the letter was miscarried. She explained that she came late. She explained why she came late.,3). 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句 He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal. She promised (us) that she would give us more help later on. Advise, a

7、sk, assure, inform, promise, question, remind, show, tell, warn, teach等等,2. 作介词的宾语,Whether we can succeed depends on how well we cooperate. He was not conscious of what an important discovery he has made. I was curious as to what we would do next. A boundary dispute is a quarrel about where a bounda

8、ry is or ought to be.,The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more. 原因在于 The paper was perfect except that there were some misprints. 除了 I would have come to see you but that I had something urgent to do then. 要不是 I shall go notwithstanding that I am lon

9、g delayed.虽然但是,3. 做形容词的宾语,I am afraid that Ive made a mistake. Im delighted that you get good grades in school. We are not sure whether we can persuade him out of smoking.,4. 动词+it+that结构,I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent. We consider it absolutely necessary that we

10、 should open our door to the outside world. He has made it clear that he wont agree to the plan. I found it strange that he has not come yet. I found it strange he has not come yet,5. 不可直接跟that从句的动词,Ask, refuse, let, like, cause, force, condemn, admire, celebrate, entreat, dislike, loathe, overlook,

11、 love, help, take认为，forgive, behold, bid, hate, hear, see, want等等 He overlooked that he had made another mistake. He overlooked the fact that he had made another mistake. I take that you should rewrite the paper. I take it that you should rewrite the paper.,I admire that they won the match. I admire

12、 their winning the match. I saw that she left the room. I saw her leave the room. 看见 I saw that she would not lend us money. 觉得 I saw that the light was still on in his room. 发现 He heard that business was on the upgrade. 听说 She does not like that the two boys play together. She does not like the two

13、 boys to play together. I want that he comes at once. I want him to come at once.,6.不可以that从句作直接宾语的动词,She forgave him that he had broken his promise. She forgave him for breaking his promise. He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. He impressed the manager as an honest man. He advised th

14、at I should do it. He advised me to do it. Dont blame me that I did not come on time. Dont blame me for not coming on time. I envy her that she speaks English so well. I envy her speaking English so well. I congratulate you that you have succeeded. I congratulate you upon your success.,7. that 引导宾语从

15、句时的省略,Agree, argue, hold, learn, maintain, observe, contend, conceive, reckon, remark, state, suggest, assume, announce, calculate, indicate 等等，不省略 Some economists and historians think _ is a close connection between war and economic depression. A. when it B. there C. that it D. what,We hoped, in ca

16、se that the mother could not be back, that the children would stay with us for the night. I wished (that) we could go sightseeing in Hangzhou this summer and that we could buy some books on our way back in Shanghai.,8. I dont think he is right否定主句还是否定从句,1). 如果主句谓语动词表示的是 “认为， 相信，猜测，觉得”等概念时，否定词需要转移到主句

17、谓语动词上，从句用肯定式。 I dont believe he treated the child like that. I dont suppose she likes the book. He didnt feel that he was happy although he lived in a rich family. It doesnt look like the weather will clear up. I never thought she would be so vain and ignorant. I couldnt believe that he deserted his

18、 wife.,2). 下列场合中，从句中的谓语动词采用否定式： Think等前面有副词或者表示强调的do, does, did; I really expect she didnt say that to him. I do think she is not an honest person. Think等词同其他词构成并列谓语； I think and hope that he wont be deceived by the man. Think等词不是以一般现在时出现； He imagined that you wouldnt be going with him. Think, recko

19、n等动词用作插入语时； You wont have any objection, I reckon.,注意事项,1. 时态必须一致。 现在可根据实际情况而定 I know he lives here. I know he lived here ten years ago. I have heard that he will come. 过去过去的时态 I knew who lived here. Our personnel manager asked us if everybody was here. He has said that he has seen it. He said that he had seen it.,2. 语序的变化 陈述句语序不变 He is an honest man. I said that he was