第七章 泌尿系统ppt课件

1、.,1,第七章 泌尿系统,.,2,.,3,.,4,.,5,.,6,.,7,.,8,.,9,.,10,.,11,hypospadia /7haipEu5speidiE/ 尿道下裂 hypo- /5haIpEJ/ 在.之下,亚,次,次于,不足,从属于 hypos/5haipEuz/ 疑病(症) cryptorchidism /krIptR:kIdIzEm/ 隐睾 crypto- / krIptEJ/ 隐秘 -ism : the state of,Translation,.,12,cryptorchid /krip5tC:kid/ 患隐睾病的人(或动物)(亦作cryptochis) balaniti

2、s balano-龟头，阴蒂头 phimosis /fai5mEusis/ 包茎, 包皮过长 hydrocele /5haidrE7si:l/ 积水, 阴囊积水 hydro- /5haIdrEJ/水, 液,流体； 氢的 含氢的 varicocele / vArIkEJsi:l/ 精索静脉曲张 varico- / vArIkEJ/ 静脉肿 prostatic / 5prCstEtizEm/ 前列腺的 hyperplasia 增生 hyper- / 5haIpE(r)/超级, 超过, 超越,在.之上,高于,过度,.,13,testosterone/ 5stiErEun/ 甾酮, 固酮 estrog

3、en / 5estrEdVEn/ 雌激素 estro-雌, 动情期 nocturia /nCk5tjuEriE/ 夜尿症, 遗尿症 noct-/ nocti-：夜 (用于元音之前的) prostatomegaly /prCstEtEu/ 前列腺 -y: 名词后缀 megalo- / meElEJ/ 巨大的, 不正常的扩张 hematogenous /7hemE5tCdVinEs/ 造血的,.,14,香港新闻工作者从业词典,流行病学家epidemiologist 研究病毒样本studying the viral samples 研发治疗方法develop treatments 胃下垂gastro

4、ptosis 胃炎gastritis 胃痉挛gastrospasm 胃溃疡gastric ulcer 胃扩张gastrectasis 背部肌肉抽筋/抽搐felt a muscle spasm in her back,.,15,致命的病毒the deadly virus 致命的病菌virulent bacteria 致命的感冒菌murderous flu 要解决问题，就要从它的根源处着手。 We have to solve the problem from the root. 降低心脏病发机率达四成cut the risk of heart attack up to 40% 面容苍白而憔悴loo

5、king exhausted and pale 面部麻痹facial nerve palsy,.,16,风疹rubella/German measles 风湿病学家rheumatologist 风湿热rheumatic fever 食肉菌感染flesh-eating bacteria infection 哮喘asthma 气喘wheeze 消化不良digestive disorders 狭心症angina pectoris 病毒virus 病毒在体内潜伏多年。 The virus remains latent in the body for many years.,.,17,病毒学家virol

6、ogist 病理学家pathologist 病菌/细菌germ； Germ is a general word for viruses and bacteria. 病征包括晕眩、呕吐和失去听觉can cause dizziness, nausea and hearing loss 破伤风tetanus 神秘疾病mystery illness 胰岛细胞增殖症nesidioblastosis 脊柱裂spina bifida 送院时血糖过低have low blood sugar levels when he was admitted to hospital 退伍军人症Legionnaires di

7、sease 高血压hypertension 干咳dry cough,.,18,偏头痛migraine 动脉硬化arteriosclerosis/atherosclerosis 基因重组后的病毒recombinant virus 常见疾病common diseases 带菌者carrier 患上catch/come down with/get/contract 患肺病的consumptive 患哮喘的儿童asthmatic children 排列SARS冠状病毒的基因组序列sequenced the genome of the SARS coronavirus 第一个已知的带菌者the firs

8、t known carrier 第一号杀手the leading killer,.,19,细菌bacteria（pl）/bacterium（sing） 细菌感染bacterial infection 细菌温床fertile grounds for germs 贫血anemia 这和有效的防治计划背道而驰。 Thats antithetical to effective prevention programs. 造成肺水肿caused lungs to fill with fluid 透过体液传播is transmitted through body fluids 雪梨型感冒Sydney flu

9、 最备受忽视的疾病the most ignored illnesses 喉头炎laryngitis 插喉/插管intubation,.,20,斑疹伤寒typhus 猩红热scarlet fever/scarlatina 痢疾dysentery 痛风gout 痉挛went into convulsions 发病率incidence 发烧/发热have a fever/have a temperature/run a temperature/feverish 肾病病人kidney patients 肾衰竭suffering from renal failure/kidney failure 着凉g

10、ot a chill 莱姆病Lyme disease,.,21,菌血症bacteremia 诈病/装病feigning sick 超级病菌superbug 超过四分一的香港人患有高血压。 More than one in four people in Hong Kong has high blood pressure. 黄疸jaundice 伤风common cold 微生物microorganisms 微生物学家microbiologist 感到*、作呕feel nauseous 感染该病毒have contracted the virus 爱滋病毒可以在体内潜伏十年而没有任何病征。,.,2

11、2,The virus can hole up in the body for up to 10 years without triggering symptoms. 新陈代谢症候群metabolic syndrome 肠胃炎gastroenteritis 肠胃科Gastroenterology 肠病毒enterovirus 肠球菌Enterococci 腮腺炎mumps 腹部绞痛cramp 腺病毒adenovirus 脑炎encephalitis,.,23,脑炎、脑膜炎（2005年初在中国爆发的脑炎称为meningitis） meningitis 脑溢血中风stroke 该病毒可透过不断变种

12、，由果子狸传往人类。 The virus could jump from civet cats to humans through continuous mutation. 预防慢性疾病专家an expert in chronic-disease prevention 顽劣的病菌rogue germs 厌食症anorexia 呕吐vomit 对某物敏感is allergic to something 慢性疾病chronic maladies 疯牛症mad cow disease 疯牛症患者通常在病发后六个月内不治。,.,24,CJD usually kills within six month

13、s of the first symptoms appearing. 膀胱炎cystitis 蓄脓症sinusitis 鼻炎rhinitis 潜伏期incubation period/latency period 潜伏期可长达三十年can lie dormant for 30 years 蔓延全国的传染病pandemic 猪链球菌streptococcus suis,.,25,器官受损suffered organ damage 导致不良于行causes clumsiness of movement 导致气促和耳鸣cause shortness of breath and ringing in

14、the ears 糖尿病diabetes 罹患不治之症、身患绝症have an incurable disorder 罹患心血管疾病的机会较高run an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease 诺沃克病毒the Norwalk virus 霍乱cholera 脓疮abscess 隐形杀手hidden killer 旧病复发suffered from a recurrence of her old sickness 坏血病scurvy 藻源中毒algal poisoning,.,26,囊肿性纤维化cystic fibrosis 验身结果显示他患有末期肝癌

15、，只剩六个月寿命。 Tests showed he had advanced liver cancer and he was given six months to live. 体温body temperature 霉浆菌肺炎mycoplasma pneumonia （生病时）变得较为清醒became more lucid （蜜蜂）螫伤sting （n）/（vi）（vt） 一瘸一拐地走limp 人工呼吸kiss of life； is given the kiss of life 下身瘫痪的女人a paraplegic woman,.,27,大量出血bleeding profusely 小伤口

16、/小溃烂small sores 化脓、溃烂、发炎suppurate/fester； The wound is festering， and gangrene has set in. 手脚已经恢复有限度的动作和感觉has regained a limited degree of movement and sensation in his hands and feet 包括两名头破血流的男子including at least two men whose heads were seen to be covered in blood 包扎伤口dressed the wound 包扎头部伤口banda

17、ged his head 叫救伤车/召唤救护车called the emergency services 四肢瘫痪的人quadriplegic 左脚脚踝骨裂a fractured left ankle 因冻伤而失去一条腿/冻坏了一条腿/冻死了一条腿lost her leg to frostbite 在吐血vomiting blood,.,28,在车祸中脑部受创suffering brain injuries in a car accident 在路上冻死froze to death on the way 多处骨折及内出血suffer multiple fractures and interna

18、l breeding 自颈部以下瘫痪paralysed form the neck down 血从伤口渗出。 Blood was oozing out of the wound. 助行架walking frame 我扭伤了腰。 I wrenched my waist. 扭伤sprain （n）/（vt）/wrench （n）/（vi）（vt）； sprains/wrenches his ankle,.,29,没有受伤uninjured 没有复原希望has no hope of recovery 身体多处受伤suffered multiple injuries to her body 使苏醒re

19、suscitation （n）/resuscitate （vi）（vt） 受了几处枪伤incurring a series of gunshot wounds 受了轻伤suffered minor injuries/suffered light injuries 受重伤的人badly injured people 拉伤pull a muscle 拐杖crutch 疙瘩、肿块lump 疤scar （n）/scarred （a）； The accident left him scarred for life. 倒卧于血泊中lying dead in a pool of blood 冻伤frostb

20、ite,.,30,冻伤了的手指frostbitten fingers 骨折suffered broken bones 骨折/折断fracture （n）/（vi）（vt）； fractures his arm/The fracture of his left leg is very serious. 从轮椅站起来rose from her wheelchair 终生坐轮椅was permanently confined to a wheelchair 脱臼dislocate 被发现躺卧在血泊中昏迷不醒were found lying unconscious in pools of blood

21、造成大量出血causing massive breeding 发炎的inflamed； an inflamed eye， a inflamed left knee 当场死亡/当场丧生died instantly 脚上联了几针had several stitches in his leg,.,31,肿胀puffy 脑震荡concussion （u）/concuss （vt）； is concussed/suffer from concussion 该名女子头部重创。 The woman received serious head injuries. 过劳受伤strain （n）/（vi）（vt）； John strained his eyes by reading too much small print./The athlete is suffering from muscular strain. 撞伤brui