2014高考英语(北师大版)总复习课件 Unit 19 Language

1、Units 1921 Unit 19 Language 基础知识梳理 词汇梳理 1. _ n. 流利度；流畅度 _ adj. 流利的；流畅的 2. _ n. 精确度；准确度 _ adj. 精确的；正确的 3. _ n. 标点符号 4. _ adj. 全国性的 5. _ adj. 高兴的；感谢的 6. _ n. 宪法,7. _ vt. approve 32.applicant； apply 33.certificate 34.register 35.candidate 36.stewardess 37.regulation； regular 38.haircut 39.amateur； prof

2、essional 40.sincerely 41.embarrass； embarrassing； embarrassment 42.punctual 43.personnel 44.academy,短语梳理 1. _ 学会；理解；变得流行 2. _ 很久；很长时间 3. _ 故意地 4. _ 另一方面 5. _ 如果；条件是 6. _ 我肯定,自我校对 1.catch on 2.for ages 3.on purpose 4.on the other hand 5.provided that 6.I bet,重点知识探究 重点单词 1. absence n. 缺乏；缺席；不存在 Your a

3、bsence from school has been noted by the teacher. 老师注意到你缺课了。 He will be in charge of the company in the absence of the manager. 在经理不在的期间，将由他来掌管公司。 发散思维 absent adj. 缺席的；不在的 presence n. 出现；出席 present adj. 出席的；出现的,知识梳理 absence of mind 心不在焉 absence from . 缺席；离开 in the absence of sb. / in ones absence在某人

4、不在的期间 be absent from 缺席 be present at 出现；出席,巧学助记,探究练习 His _ of mind made him miss the teachers key words and he didnt catch what the teacher explained just now. A. lack B. absence C. presence D. absent,【解析】 B 考查了absence表示“缺席”之意的用法。absence of mind是“心不在焉”之意，符合语境。句意：他心不在焉漏听了老师说的关键的话，所以他不理解老师刚刚解释的内容。lac

5、k是“缺少；不够”； presence是“出现；出席”； absent是形容词，不符合语法。,2. surround vt. 环绕；围绕 A wall surrounds the garden. 一座墙围绕着花园。 I like to surround myself with beautiful things. 我喜欢身边老有漂亮的东西。 发散思维 surrounding adj.附近的；周围的；surroundings n. 环境,探究练习 The teacher sat there， _ by a circle of students listening to him carefully.

6、 A. followed B. surrounded C. surrounding D. following,【解析】 B 考查了surround表示“环绕；围绕”之意的用法。the teacher和surround之间是被动关系，故此处用surrounded的形式，作伴随状语。而follow是“跟随”，不符合语境；C项不符合语法。,3. guarantee vt. 保证；担保 n. 保证；保证书；担保；抵押品 Even if you complete your training I cant guarantee you a job. 即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。 Your wa

7、tch will be repaired free if its still under guarantee. 你的手表在保修期内可以享受免费修理。 知识梳理 guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事 give sb. a guarantee that . 保证 under guarantee 在保修期内,探究练习 用guarantee， assure或ensure的适当形式填空。 (1)We can _ that the work shall be done in the right way. (2)He _ us of his ability to solve the prob

8、lem. (3)The refrigerator is _ for one year against failure of parts.,【答案】 (1)ensure (2)assured (3)guaranteed,4. adjust vt. 调节；调整 They will soon settle in kids are very good at adjusting. 他们很快就会安顿下来，孩子们很会适应环境。 Youll quickly adjust yourself to student life. 你将很快适应学生生活。,知识梳理 (1)adjust to sth. 适应某物 adju

9、st oneself to sth. 使自己适应于某事物 (2)adjustable adj. 可调节的；可调整的 adjustment n. 调整；调节 点津提示 adjustadopt adjust调节；调整；适应 adopt收养；采纳,探究练习 All my classmates soon _ themselves _ the way of life and have lived happily ever since. A. accustomed； for B. adjusted； to C. accustomed； by D. adjusted； for,【解析】 B 考查了adjus

10、t . to . 表示“调整以适应”之意的用法。句意：所有的学生很快就适应了这里的生活方式，自那开始生活得很快乐。accustom多与介词to连用，表示“习惯于”。,5. inform vt. 告知；通知 Please inform us of any changes of address. 地址若有变动，请随时通知我们。 Could you please inform us what books you have in stock? 能否告知我们库存中有哪些书籍？,知识梳理 (1)inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 inform on / upon / against sb.

11、 (向警方)告发某人 keep . informed 随时向报告情况 (2)informed adj. 了解情况的；消息灵通的 information n. 信息(不可数),探究练习 Reading China Daily can keep us _ of the changes of the country. A. formed B. informed C. transformed D. reformed,【解析】 B 考查了inform sb. of sth.表示“使某人了解到某事”之意的用法。故选择B项。而form是“形成”； transform是“改变”； reform是“改革”，均不

12、符合语境。,6. congratulate vt. 祝贺；庆贺 He never stopped to congratulate me. 他甚至都不停下来向我表示祝贺。 You can congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job. 你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。 知识梳理 congratulate sb. on sth. 为某事而向某人祝贺 congratulate oneself on 庆幸；感到幸运,探究练习 The two sportsmen congratulated each other _ winning the ma

13、tch by shaking hands. A. with B. on C. in D. to,【解析】 B congratulate . on . 表示“祝贺某人”之意。其余选择项均不符合语境。,7. approval n. 赞成；赞许 The audience showed its approval by cheering loudly. 观众高声喝彩表示赞许。 The new proposals have won the approval of the board. 新建议得到董事会的认可。 发散思维 approve v. 赞成；批准 approving adj. 赞许的；支持的 app

14、rover n. 赞成者 disapproval n. 不赞成 disapprove v. 不支持 disapprover n. 不支持者,探究练习 We can sense his _ from the satisfied smile on his face. A. disapproval B. approval C. approve D. disapprove,【解析】 B 此处应该用名词形式approval表示“支持；赞成”之意。其余选择项均不符合语法或语境。,高考体验 (2011湖北)Clinical evidence began to _， suggesting that the n

15、ew drugs had a wider range of useful activities that had been predicted from experiments in animals. A. operate B. strengthen C. approve D. accumulate,【解析】 D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的临床证据表明，相对于在动物身上的试验预期，这种新药有更广泛地应用。operate“操作；经营”； strengthen“加强”； approve“赞成；同意”； accumulate“(数量)逐渐增加”。,重点短语 1. catch on学会；理解；

16、变得流行起来 I had to repeat the joke before he finally caught on. 我把笑话重复了一遍他才理解。 The new dance caught on. 这套新的舞蹈流行起来了。,知识拓展 与catch有关的其他短语： be caught in (the rain， a trap) 遇(雨)；陷入(圈套) catch up 抓起(某物)；突然拿起(某物) catch up with 追上；赶上；与并驾齐驱；抓住；找到证据 catch fire 着火 catch ones breath 歇一口气 点津提示 catch on为不及物动词短语，后面接t

17、o表示“理解某物”。,探究练习 Although he had explained it to me once again， I still didnt _ the problem. A. catch on B. catch up with C. put up with D. catch on to,【解析】 D 考查了catch on to 表示“理解某物”之意的用法。而catch up with是“跟上；赶上”； put up with是“忍受；容忍”，均为干扰项。,2. on purpose故意地 I came here on purpose to see you. 我特地来这里看你。

18、He made her angry on purpose. 他故意惹她生气的。 知识拓展 与purpose有关的其他短语： for the purpose of 为了的目的 with the purpose of 怀着的目的 to the purpose 得要领的；中肯的；合适的,探究练习 You sometimes hurt yourself by accident but you dont hurt yourself _. A. for purpose B. on purpose C. by chance D. by purpose,【解析】 B 考查了on purpose 表示“故意地”

19、之意的用法。上句提到by accident“意外地”，故此处用on purpose与之形成对比。C项by chance相当于by accident是“偶然地；意外地”之意。,高考体验 (2011江苏)Wed better discuss everything _ before we work out the plan. A. in detail B. in general C. on purpose D. on time,【解析】 A 考查介词短语。句意：在我们制订计划前最好对一切事情进行详细的讨论。in detail“详细地”； in general“一般地；大体上”； on purpose

20、“故意地”； on time“准时”。,重点句型 Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see while a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss. 某人高兴地跳跃是很容易看到的，而挑起眉毛表示怀疑却容易被人忽略。 句中while是并列连词，引导并列句，表示“然而”之意，强调的是前后对比，而非转折。如： He is short while his little brother is tall. 他很矮然而他弟弟却很高。 He is cooking in the kitchen while his w

21、ife is watching TV. 他在厨房做饭然而他的妻子在看电视。,知识拓展 while的用法总结： (1)引导时间状语从句，表示“当时候；在的期间”； While I was there， I enjoyed myself very much. 当我在那里的时候，我过得很快乐。 (2)引导让步状语从句，一般用于句首，表示“尽管；虽然”。 While he has some drawbacks， I still appreciate him. 尽管他有很多的弱点，但是我仍然很欣赏他。,探究练习 Some people waste food _ others havent enough.

22、 A. when B. while C. as D. for,【解析】 B 句意：一些人浪费粮食而一些人却食不果腹。while“然而”表对比。,随堂基础闯关 . 单项填空 1. In the _ of proof， the police could not take action against the man. A. lack B. shortage C. absence D. failure,答案 C 解析 句意：因为缺少证据，警察不能对这个人采取行动。 in the absence of“缺乏”；若选A则应为for lack of。,2. Thousands of foreigners

23、were _ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened. A. attended B. attained C. attracted D. attached,答案 C 解析 attract“吸引”，表示“成千上万的外宾被吸引来参加上海的世博会”。attain“得到；获得”； attend“出席”； attach“系；贴”。,3. I am _ that he is capable of finishing the task on time. A. assured B. ensured C. insured D. sured,答案 A 解析 句意：我

24、确定他有能力按时完成任务。assure指以十分肯定的语气向别人保证； ensure指确保某种行动或动机的结果一定会发生； insure“确保；保证”通常用于保险。,4. (2012本溪模拟)You must apply yourself _ the study you have to take up. A. on B. for C. to D. of,答案 C 解析 句意：你必须专心于你必须学习的课程。apply oneself to表示“专心；致力于”，符合语境。,5. People read newspapers and magazines in order to keep themsel

25、ves _ of what is going on in the world outside. A. connected B. known C. updated D. informed,答案 D 解析 句意：为了使自己了解外部世界所发生的事情，人们读报刊杂志。keep sb. informed of sth.“把某事告知某人；使某人了解”。,6. These tax laws which are intended for domestic companies do not _ to foreign companies. A. contribute B. lead C. apply D. fit

26、,答案 C 解析 句意：这些为国内公司制定的税务法不适用于外国的公司。 apply to“适用”； contribute to“有助于”； lead to“导致”。,7. My most _ moment was trying to introduce a woman whose name I couldnt remember. A. embarrassing B. awful C. embarrassed D. shabby,答案 A 解析 embarrassing moment“令人窘迫的时刻”。 embarrassed“不好意思的；为难的”； awful“令人敬畏的；极度的；非常的”；

27、shabby“破旧的；简陋的”。,8. Classrooms in some schools are equipped with seats that can be _ to the height of a person. A. grown B. adjusted C. folded D. expanded,答案 B 解析 句意：在某些学校的教室里配备上了可以根据人的身高而调整的座位。 grow“生长”； adjust . to . “调整以适应”； fold“折叠”； expand“扩大”。,. 短语应用 1. He climbed silently _ of seizing the thi

28、ef _. A. on purpose； by surprise B. on purpose； surprisingly C. for the purpose； surprised D. for the purpose； by surprise,答案 D 解析 句意：他悄悄地爬着，为了出其不意地抓住那个贼。 on purpose“故意地”，作状语； for the purpose of“为了目的”； seize sb. by surprise“出奇不意地抓住某人”。,2. John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary ne

29、xt month. Oh， _! A. cheer up B. well done C. go ahead D. congratulations,答案 D 解析 考查交际用语。根据题意可知：这里应用一个表示祝贺的词(短语)。故选D。,. 单词拼写 1. They questioned the _ (准确性) of the information in the file. 2. The room was small but a _. 3. We are going to have this picture _ (扩大). 4. The decision was made in my a _. 5

30、. I saw a _ (惊险的)film yesterday evening. 6. He didnt answer the _ (令人窘迫的) question.,7. When crossing the street you should obey these traffic _ (规则). 8. Have you _ (使牢固) all the doors and windows? 9. As the wages were low， there were no a _ for the job. 10. This button is for a _ the volume. 11. He

31、gave me a g _ that it would never happen again.,答案 1. accuracy 2. adequate 3. enlarged 4. absence 5. thrilling 6. embarrassing 7. regulations 8. fastened 9. applicants 10. adjusting 11. guarantee,1. Shes the sort of person who _ in a crowd. 2. You should _ your own judgement. 3. Students today can learn a foreign language _. 4. _ is very useful and important in learning English. 5. Its necessary to learn a foreign language.It is _. 6. To stay