高中英语语法之过去分词

1、过去分词,The Past Participle,1 构成: 动词原形+ed 或不规则的变化动词P104-107 2 过去分词本身的含义: 被动 或完成 a broken heart a lost dog a risen sun a grown-up daughter an escaped prisoner a retired general faded colors, 不及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示动作的完成 fallen leaves 落叶 returned students 归国留学生 newly-arrived visitors 新到的客人 及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动及动作的

2、完成。(与所修饰的词是一种动宾的逻辑关系) the cold boiled water 冷开水 a developed country,过去分词作定语 a.过去分词作定语 , 具有形容词的性质 。 一般来说 ： 单个过去分词或adv.-p.p作前置定语 : He is a respected leader. a recently-built house home-grown vegetables man-made fibers 过去分词短语作后置定语 : Young people brought up in the new society cant imagine the bitter lif

3、e in the old days.,b.作定语时可用定语从句代替 He is a respected leader. = He is a leader_. Young people brought up in the new society cant imagine the bitter life in the old days. = Yong people _ _cant imagine the bitter life in the old days.,who is respected,who were brought up in the new society,过去分词的一般式(已经完成

4、的) The patient operated on will soon be allowed to go home. 不定式的被动式(即将发生的) The patient to be operated on is Mr. Smith. -ing 的被动式(正在进行的)being done The patient being operated on is Mr. Smith. The patient having been operated on is Mr. Smith.() The patient operated on is Mr. Smith.(),Prices of daily go

5、ods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices . A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 2. The first text books _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century . Having written B. to be written C. being written D. written,3. With everything she needed _,

6、the lady went home happily . A bought B to be bought C buying D being bought 4. The Olympic Games , _in 776BC , did not include women players until 1912. A first playing B to be first played C first played D to be first playing 5. The matter _at the next meeting is very important . A discussed B bei

7、ng discussed C to be discussed D be discussed,6. The girl _ in red is my second daughter. A. dressing B. dressed herself C. dressed D. is dressing 7. I couldnt understand the language _ in that country. A. to speak B. speaking C. to be spoken D. spoken 8. The ground is _ with _ leaves. A. covering,

8、falling B. covered, falling C. covered, fallen D. covering, fallen,过去分词作表语 She looked worried. I am interested in the book. He was lost in thought. The door remained locked.,be动词和系动词,1、be 动词 2、表示变化的动词:become, get, turn, go, grow等 3、感官动词:look, feel, smell, taste, sound等 4、还有seem, appear, stay, keep,

9、remain, turn out等,有的已成为固定搭配 ： be covered with be lost in thought be caught in the rain be separated from be interested in be absorbed in,被覆盖 陷入沉思 被雨淋 从分离 对感兴趣 专心致志于,过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感觉、感受或事物自身的状态；现在分词作表语则多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人” He became discouraged. The situation proves discouraging. The story they heard o

10、ver the radio was very moving. She was moved by his speech.,Compete the sentences using the right form of the given verb. I had nothing to do. I was _ (bore) and lonely. Jack looked even more _ (amaze) than he felt. The results were very _ (disappoint). I was thanked by the _ (satisfy) customer. The

11、 girl _ (dress) in red is my daughter. Alice read the letter with a _ (puzzle) expression on her face.,bored,amazed,disappointing,satisfied,dressed,puzzled,系表结构和被动结构,This lake is badly polluted . This lake is badly polluted by a paper mill .,(系表结构),( 被动结构),系表结构表示主语所处 的状态 , 被动语态则表示主语所承受的动作.,过去分词的基本特点

12、 ： 1.从语态上讲 ：过去分词一般表被动 。 2.从时态上讲 ：过去分词表示已经完成的动作 ；,过去分词专练 A)用所给动词的适当形式填空。(10分) 1Please remain_ (seat) ; the winner of the prize will be announced soon 2When _ (complete)，the museum will be open to the public next year 3With a lot of difficult problems _ (settle)，the newly elected president is having a

13、 hard time 4The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ (carry) out the next year 5_(Found) in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States 6Something is wrong with my watchI must have it _ ( repair) 7Did you go to the party _ (hold) on New Years Eve？,se

14、ated,completed,to settle,carried,Founded,repaired,held,8I was walking in the street when I heard my name _ (call) 9The teacher entered the classroom，_ (follow) by two students 10Well _ (begin) is half _ (do) 11Whatever she said，she couldnt make herself _ (understand) 12_ (Speak) English is different

15、 from _ (write) English in many ways 13Things _ (see) from a distance appear rather small 14Children like to drink cold _ (boil) water especially in summer 15_(See) from the space，the Great Wall looks like a dragon 16Did a man _ (call) Wang Lin ring me up this morning？,called,followed,begun,done,und

16、erstood,Spoken,written,seen,boiled,Seen,called,B)改正下列句子中的错误。(5分) 1Im sorry to hear that your classmate didnt arrive on time as asking to 2The shop owner will get all these ordered TV sets to be delivered to the customers today 3Defeated three times in a round，the boxer decided to give up fighting 4P

17、retended to look frightened，she closed her eyes 5Most of the artists inviting to the party were from Japan 6The thief was taken away with both his hands being tied 7She was so sad that she spent the whole day locking in her own room ,asking asked,去掉to be,Defeated Having been defeated,Pretended Prete

18、nding,inviting invited,being tied-tied,locking locked,Rewrite the following sentences with the Past Participle,1The castle，which had been burnt in the sixteenth century，was never rebuilt 2After I had put down my newspaper，I walked over to the window and looked out 3Since the director was struck by his sincerity，the director wanted to see him again,burnt in the sixteenth century,Having put down my newspaper，I walked over to the window and looked out,Struck by his sincerity，the director wanted to see him again,4. Gentlemen