四级语法 定语从句

1、The Attributive Clause 定语从句讲解,定语从句复习,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句,限制性定语从句的构成,The old lady who lives next to us sells books. You should do all that I said. I have found the teather whom I am looking for . I visited the factory where m

2、y father works.,关系代词 关系副词,先行词 之后,用陈述式语序,“.的”,关系词,1.从句位置及语序:,2.翻译方法:,3.构成,先行词和关系词的关系,1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom. 3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. 4.The school where I study is far from my home.,the machine = tha

3、t,the boy =who,the boys =whose,in the school = where,关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,先行词和关系词的关系,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,the machine,a

4、 machine,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,that /which,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday.,her,The lady,we saw yesterday is Green,Who/that,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,做宾语时可以省略,关系代词

5、的用法练习,1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night. 3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I dont like the people. They smoke a lot.,The eggs (that/which) I bought them

6、 were not fresh.,The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry.,He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parents farm.,The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.,I dont like the people that / who they smoke a lot.,关系副词和先行词的关系,I still remember the day whe

7、n I came here. This is the house where I lived last year. There are many reasons why people like traveling. I dont like the way that you speak.,on the day =when,in the house= where,for the reasons =why,in the way =that,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget

8、 the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave.,when /in which,which,where/ in which,which,why/ for which,that/which,几种易混的情况,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,难用的 whose,The

9、teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.,The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.,Join the following pair of sentences.,whose =the students,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,难用的 whose,The house is mine. The window of the house is broken.,Join the following

10、pair of sentences.,The house whose window is broken is mine.,whose=the houses window,The house is mine.,the window of which is broken,of which the window is broken,非限制性定语从句,The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr

11、Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,Please compare:,插入成分,修饰限定,补充解释,不能,能,.的,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,分析两种定语从句省略后的结果,The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.,分析两种定语从句省略后的结果,限制性定语从

12、句省略后主语所指就不明确， 所以不能省略,非限制性定语从句和单句的比较,2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.,4.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.,This,which,whom,them, that,1.I am reading Harry Porter, _is an interesting boo

13、k.,which,as 引导的非限制性定语从句,The earth is round._ is known to all. The earth is round,_ is known to all. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,It,which / as,As,It,as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/ as we expected,定语从句在句首时只能用as,as 引

14、导的非限制性定语从句 (1),This is the same book as I lost. This is the same book that I lost.,Please compare:,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2),This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like. This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so in

15、teresting a book _we all like it.,as,that,Please complete the following sentences and compare:,as,that,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句),这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句),介词+关系代词的情况 1,The man whom you spoke was a scientist. The city which she lives is far away.,to,in,介词+关系代词的情况 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scienti

16、st. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词+关系代词的情况 3,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后,介词+关系代词的情况 4,Is this the watch that you are looking for? T

17、he old man whom I am looking after is better .,在固定短语中介词不能提前,下面两句中的介词能提前吗?,1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.,介词+关系代词的情况 练习,o

18、n which,for which,from which,about which,through which,6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher. 7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River. 8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill. 9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at

19、wrestling. 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,under which,of which,from which,to whom,of which,1.当先行词是不定代词时,如: All ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything, 等,只能用that 做关系代词的情况,2.当先行词被the only, the very, the same, little,

20、few, no, any等修饰时,3.当人和物合做先行词时,4.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,5.在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中,在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which 做关系代词的情况,在介词后面,1.He did all / everything _he could to help me. 2.This is the very thing _ I am after. 3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school. 4.He is the only man _ can do the