航海英语词汇

1、航海学英语词汇中文英文英文缩写航海学navigation地文航海terrestrial navigation天文航海celestial navigation航线设计passage planning海图nautical chart电子海图electronic navigational chartenc电子海图显示信息系统electronic chart display information systemecdis航迹推算dead reckoning船舶定位ship position fixing陆标定位position fixing by landmark电子定位electronic posi

2、tion fixing方位定位fixing by cross bearings距离定位fixing by distances移线定位running fix助航仪器navigational instruments地理坐标geographic coordinate地理纬度geographic latitudelat地理经度geographic longitudelong地轴earth axis地极poles子午圈/子午线/经线meridian格林子午线greenwich meridian赤道equator圆周法circular notation半圆法semi-circular notation航向

3、course真航向true coursetc磁航向magnetic coursemc船首向heading方位bearing舷角relative bearing电罗经/陀螺罗经gyro compass磁罗经magnetic compass罗经差compass error磁差variationvar自差deviationdev航速ships speed对水航速speed through the water对地航速/实际航速speed over ground航程distance run计程仪log海里nautical mile链cable拓fathom墨卡托投影海图mercator projecti

4、on chart大圆海图gnomonic chart比例尺scale纬度渐长率meridian parts潮汐tide潮流tidal stream (or current)正规半日潮semidiurnal tide不正规半日潮混合潮semidiurnal mixed tide正规日潮diurnal tide不正规日潮混合潮diurnal mixed tide高潮high tide低潮low tide涨潮flood tide落潮ebb tide大潮spring tide小潮neap tide太阴日lunar day太阳日solar day平均海面mean sea levelmsl涨潮时间dura

5、tion of rise落潮时间duration of fall平潮slack 停潮stand潮龄age of tide大潮升spring risesr小潮升neap risenr潮差tidal range平均大潮高潮高mean high water springmhws平均大潮低潮高mean low water springmlws平均小潮高潮高mean high water neapmhwn平均小潮低潮高mean low water neapmlwn往复流alternating current回转流rotary current涨潮流flood current落潮流ebb current航标

6、aids to navigation国际航标协会international association lighthouse authoritiesiala沿海航标coastal aids内河航标inland river aids船闸航标lockage aids灯塔lighthouse灯桩light beacon立标beacon灯浮light buoy灯船lightship 叠标range lights (or transits)灯质light characteristic 标身形状shape of mark顶标topmark罐形can锥形conical 杆形spar柱形pillar (or cy

7、lindrical)球形spherical雷达反射器radar reflector雷达应答器radar responder beacon自动识别系统automatic identification systemais侧面标志lateral mark方位标志cardinal mark孤立危险标志isolated danger mark安全水域标志safe water mark专用标志special mark船舶定位ships position fixing陆标定位fixing by landmark航迹推算dead reckoningdr航迹绘算track plotting航迹计算track c

8、alculating方位定位fixing by cross bearings距离定位fixing by distances全球定位系统global positioning systemgps差分全球定位系统differential global positioning systemdgps计划航向course of advanceca大洋航行ocean navigation沿岸航行coastal navigation狭水道航行navigation in narrow channelnavigation in confined water雾中航行navigation in fog能见度不良中航行

9、navigation in low visibility冰区航行ice navigation 极区航行polar navigation 大圆航路great circle route恒向线航路rhumb line route等纬圈航路parallel route混合航路composite route最佳航路optimum route推荐航路recommended route交管中心vessel traffic servicevts分道通航制traffic separate systemtss浅水效应shallow water effect船体下沉squat富裕水深under keel clear

10、anceukc平行线导航parallel indexingpi冰山iceberg 冰光ice blink六分仪sextant 航海天文历nautical almanacs 天文钟chronometer 春分点vernal equinox夏至点summer solstice秋分点autumnal equinox冬至点winter solstice赤纬declination dec天体地方时角local hour anglelha格林时角greenwich hour anglegha天体赤经right ascensionra天体共轭赤经sidereal hour anglesha天体方位azimu

11、th a方位圈azimuth circle太阳系solar system行星planet 恒星star 卫星satellite天体周日视运动diurnal apparent motion of celestial body太阳周年视运动solar annual apparent motion黄道ecliptic白道moon path恒星月sidereal month塑望月lunar month新月new moon上弦first quarter满月full moon下弦last quarter视时apparent timeat平时mean timemt地方平时local mean timelmt时差equation of timeet区时